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Hehenkamp P, Hoffmann M, Kummer S, Reinauer C, Döing C, Förtsch K, Enczmann J, Balz V, Mayatepek E, Meissner T, Jacobsen M, Seyfarth J. Interleukin-7-dependent nonclassical monocytes and CD40 expression are affected in children with type 1 diabetes. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:3214-3227. [PMID: 34625948 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The important role of IL-7 in the generation of self-reactive T-cells in autoimmune diseases is well established. Recent studies on autoimmunity-associated genetic polymorphisms indicated that differential IL-7 receptor (IL-7R) expression of monocytes may play a role in the underlying pathogenesis. The relevance of IL-7-mediated monocyte functions in type 1 diabetes remains elusive. In the present study, we characterized monocyte phenotype and IL-7-mediated effects in children with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls with multicolor flow cytometry and t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor-Embedded (t-SNE)-analyses. IL-7R expression of monocytes rapidly increased in vitro and was boosted through LPS. In the presence of IL-7, we detected lower monocyte IL-7R expression in type 1 diabetes patients as compared to healthy controls. This difference was most evident for the subset of nonclassical monocytes, which increased after IL-7 stimulation. t-SNE analyses revealed IL-7-dependent differences in monocyte subset distribution and expression of activation and maturation markers (i.e., HLA-DR, CD80, CD86, CD40). Notably, monocyte CD40 expression increased considerably by IL-7 and CD40/IL-7R co-expression differed between patients and controls. This study shows the unique effects of IL-7 on monocyte phenotype and functions. Lower IL-7R expression on IL-7-induced CD40high monocytes and impaired IL-7 response characterize monocytes from patients with type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Hehenkamp
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Maximilian Hoffmann
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kummer
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Christina Reinauer
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Carsten Döing
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Katharina Förtsch
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Enczmann
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Vera Balz
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Meissner
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc Jacobsen
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Seyfarth
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Xiong C, Qi J, Deng R, Xie L, Li C, Nie X. [Total glucosides of paeony inhibits proliferation and promotes activation- induced cell death of mouse T cells in vitro]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:118-124. [PMID: 32376553 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.01.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of total glucosides of paeony (TGP) on the proliferation and activation-induced cell death of mouse T cells and the mechanism underlying the immunosuppressive effects of TGP. METHODS Purified total T cells isolated from the spleen of C57BL/6 mice were treated with TGP at 0, 50, 100, or 200 μg/mL and stimulated by anti-CD3/ CD28. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the cell death and the proliferation of CFSE-labeled T cells. The expression of Fas/FasL mRNA was detected using RT-PCR, and flow cytometry was used to analyze the expression of Fas/FasL proteins on activated T cells. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2 in the cells. RESULTS TGP treatment for 48 h significantly reduced the total number and percentage of viable T cells and dose-dependently lowered the percentage of divided T cells. TGP treatment obviously up-regulated the cellular expression of Fas mRNA, enhanced Fas expression on the surface of the T cells, and decreased the expression level of Bcl-2 protein in the cells. CONCLUSIONS TGP significantly inhibits proliferation and promotes activation-induced cell death of mouse T cell by increasing the expression of Fas and downregulating the expression of Bcl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanfeng Xiong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jieying Qi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Rong Deng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lifen Xie
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Changzhang Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaoli Nie
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Kang MA, Lee J, Ha SH, Lee CM, Kim KM, Jang KY, Park SH. Interleukin4Rα (IL4Rα) and IL13Rα1 Are Associated with the Progress of Renal Cell Carcinoma through Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2)/Forkhead Box O3 (FOXO3) Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091394. [PMID: 31540495 PMCID: PMC6770213 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific kinds of interleukin (IL) receptors are known to mediate lymphocyte proliferation and survival. However, recent reports have suggested that the high expression of IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 in tumor tissue might be associated with tumorigenesis in several kinds of tumor. We found that a significant association between mRNA level of IL4Rα or IL13Rα1 and the poor prognosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) from the public database (http://www.oncolnc.org/). Then, we evaluated the clinicopathological significance of the immunohistochemical expression of IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 in 199 clear cell RCC (CCRCC) patients. The individual and co-expression patterns of IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 were significantly associated with cancer-specific survival (CSS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis indicated IL4Rα-positivity and co-expression of IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 as the independent indicators of shorter CSS and RFS of CCRCC patients. For the in vitro evaluation of the oncogenic role of IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 in RCC, we knock-downed IL4Rα or IL13Rα1 and observed that the cell proliferation rate was decreased, and the apoptosis rate was increased in A498 and ACHN cells. Furthermore, we examined the possible role of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), well-known down-stream tyrosine kinase under the heterodimeric receptor complex of IL4Rα and IL13Rα1. Interestingly, JAK2 interacted with Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) to cause tyrosine-phosphorylation of FOXO3. Silencing IL4Rα or JAK2 in A498 and ACHN cells reduced the interaction between JAK2 and FOXO3. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of JAK2 induced the nuclear localization of FOXO3, leading to increase apoptosis and decrease cell proliferation rate in A498 and ACHN cells. Taken together, these results suggest that IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 might be involved in the progression of RCC through JAK2/FOXO3 pathway, and their expression might be used as the novel prognostic factor and therapeutic target for RCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Ae Kang
- Department of Biological Science, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Sang Hoon Ha
- Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea.
| | - Chang Min Lee
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Korea.
| | - Kyoung Min Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
- Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - Kyu Yun Jang
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
- Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Korea.
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Lin Y, Yuan Q, Qian F, Qin C, Cao Q, Wang M, Chu H, Zhang Z. Polymorphism rs4787951 in IL-4R contributes to the increased risk of renal cell carcinoma in a Chinese population. Gene 2019; 685:242-247. [PMID: 30472377 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukins are important molecules involved in tumor formation. In this study, the association between renal cell carcinoma (RCC) risk and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on IL-4/IL-13/IL-4R was assessed. METHODS We recruited 620/623 cases/controls and conducted a case-control study. Five tagSNPs (i.e., IL-4R rs8832, IL-4R rs4787951, IL-13 rs1881457, IL-13 rs2066960 and IL-13 rs2069744) were selected. Odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained to appraise the association between SNPs and RCC susceptibility. Luciferase report assay and EMSA were conducted to investigate whether SNPs could affect binding affinity of transcription factors to target genes. RESULTS IL-4R rs4787951T>C was significantly associated with RCC susceptibility. Individuals carrying CC genotypes had a significant increment in RCC risk compared with TT genotype carriers (adjusted OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.07-2.28, P = 0.020). By stratified analyses, more pronounced association was found in the female, diabetic or without smoking, drinking and hypertension group. Besides, SNP rs4787951 could influence the binding affinity of IL-4R to transcription factors. Sequence surrounding allele T was prone to bind transcription factor NFATc. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that IL-4R rs4787951T>C was associated with susceptibility of RCC and could be a predictive biomarker for RCC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadi Lin
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Gusu District, Suzhou, China
| | - Qi Yuan
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangze Qian
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Qin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Cao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyan Chu
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Belarif L, Mary C, Jacquemont L, Mai HL, Danger R, Hervouet J, Minault D, Thepenier V, Nerrière-Daguin V, Nguyen E, Pengam S, Largy E, Delobel A, Martinet B, Le Bas-Bernardet S, Brouard S, Soulillou JP, Degauque N, Blancho G, Vanhove B, Poirier N. IL-7 receptor blockade blunts antigen-specific memory T cell responses and chronic inflammation in primates. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4483. [PMID: 30367166 PMCID: PMC6203796 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting the expansion of pathogenic memory immune cells is a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent chronic autoimmune attacks. Here we investigate the therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of new anti-human IL-7Rα monoclonal antibodies (mAb) in non-human primates and show that, depending on the target epitope, a single injection of antagonistic anti-IL-7Rα mAbs induces a long-term control of skin inflammation despite repeated antigen challenges in presensitized monkeys. No modification in T cell numbers, phenotype, function or metabolism is observed in the peripheral blood or in response to polyclonal stimulation ex vivo. However, long-term in vivo hyporesponsiveness is associated with a significant decrease in the frequency of antigen-specific T cells producing IFN-γ upon antigen restimulation ex vivo. These findings indicate that chronic antigen-specific memory T cell responses can be controlled by anti-IL-7Rα mAbs, promoting and maintaining remission in T-cell mediated chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyssia Belarif
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France.,OSE Immunotherapeutics, Nantes, 44200, France
| | - Caroline Mary
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France.,OSE Immunotherapeutics, Nantes, 44200, France
| | - Lola Jacquemont
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France
| | - Hoa Le Mai
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France
| | - Richard Danger
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France
| | - Jeremy Hervouet
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France
| | - David Minault
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France
| | - Virginie Thepenier
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France.,OSE Immunotherapeutics, Nantes, 44200, France
| | - Veronique Nerrière-Daguin
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France
| | - Elisabeth Nguyen
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France
| | - Sabrina Pengam
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France.,OSE Immunotherapeutics, Nantes, 44200, France
| | - Eric Largy
- Quality Assistance, Thuin, 6536, Belgium.,ARNA laboratory, Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1212, CNRS UMR5320, IECB, Bordeaux, 33076, France
| | | | - Bernard Martinet
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France
| | - Stéphanie Le Bas-Bernardet
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France
| | - Sophie Brouard
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France
| | - Jean-Paul Soulillou
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France
| | - Nicolas Degauque
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France
| | - Gilles Blancho
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France
| | - Bernard Vanhove
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France.,OSE Immunotherapeutics, Nantes, 44200, France
| | - Nicolas Poirier
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI) UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, 44093, France. .,OSE Immunotherapeutics, Nantes, 44200, France.
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Ellestad KK, Thangavelu G, Haile Y, Lin J, Boon L, Anderson CC. Prior to Peripheral Tolerance, Newly Generated CD4 T Cells Maintain Dangerous Autoimmune Potential: Fas- and Perforin-Independent Autoimmunity Controlled by Programmed Death-1. Front Immunol 2018; 9:12. [PMID: 29416537 PMCID: PMC5787554 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphopenia can result from various factors, including viral infections, clinical interventions, or as a normal property of the fetal/neonatal period. T cells in a lymphopenic environment undergo lymphopenia-induced proliferation (LIP) to fill the available “niche” as defined by peptide–MHC and homeostatic cytokine resources. We recently reported systemic autoimmunity following reconstitution of the lymphoid compartment of Rag1−/− mice with PD-1−/− hematopoietic stem cells or by transfer of thymocytes, but not splenocytes, suggesting that programmed death-1 (PD-1) plays a crucial role in controlling recent thymic emigrants (RTE) and preventing autoimmunity upon their LIP. However, it is unclear whether RTE residing within the periphery of a lymphoreplete host maintain enhanced autoimmune generating potential or if this property only manifests if RTE experience a lymphopenic periphery immediately after export from the thymus. Furthermore, it is unclear which of a variety of T cell effector mechanisms generate pathology when control of RTE by PD-1 is lacking. Herein, we determined that PD-1 is upregulated on CD4 T cells undergoing the natural LIP characteristic of the neonatal period. Newly generated T cells lacking PD-1 maintained an enhanced autoimmune potential even after residence in a lymphoreplete periphery, emphasizing the importance of PD-1 in the establishment of peripheral tolerance. Neither Fas nor perforin-dependent killing mechanisms were required for autoimmunity, while host MHC-II expression was critical, suggesting that LIP-driven autoimmunity in the absence of PD-1 may primarily result from a CD4 T cell-mediated systemic cytokinemia, a feature potentially shared by other autoimmune or inflammatory syndromes associated with immune reconstitution and LIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristofor K Ellestad
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Govindarajan Thangavelu
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Yohannes Haile
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jiaxin Lin
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Alberta Transplant Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Colin C Anderson
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Alberta Transplant Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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7
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Ellestad KK, Lin J, Boon L, Anderson CC. PD-1 Controls Tonic Signaling and Lymphopenia-Induced Proliferation of T Lymphocytes. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1289. [PMID: 29075267 PMCID: PMC5643416 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Recovery of the T lymphocyte compartment within a lymphopenic host by lymphopenia-induced proliferation (LIP) is regulated by inter- and intraclonal competition for limited resources, including homeostatic cytokines and peptide:MHC (pMHC) complexes with which the TCR can interact at least weakly to yield a tonic signal. Importantly, the process of LIP can synergize with other factors that promote T cell activation to drive inflammatory disease. While reconstitution of the lymphoid compartment of immune deficient Rag-/- mice by transfer of wild-type hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) does not generally result in an overt disease phenotype, transfer of HSC deficient in expression of the co-inhibitory molecule PD-1 results in severe systemic autoimmunity driven by newly generated T cells that emerge from the thymus into the periphery and undergo LIP. Importantly, autoimmunity does not appear to depend on a response to exogenous (i.e., gut flora-derived) antigens. PD-1 is well known to be upregulated during T cell activation in response to cognate antigens, but it is unclear whether PD-1 has a role in controlling LIP of T cells in the absence of cognate antigen, i.e., in response to tonic pMHC. We examined whether PD-1 controls LIP of newly generated T cells by controlling the response to tonic pMHC or the homeostatic cytokine IL-7. We found that PD-1-deficient T cells have a proliferative advantage over WT T cells during LIP and this effect is MHC-II dependent and independent of IL-7Rα signaling. Furthermore, our data suggest that signals through IL-7Rα can be dispensable for LIP and may instead be of increased importance for T cell survival in conditions of high competition for limited pMHC (e.g., post-LIP, in a lymphoreplete host). We hypothesize that autoimmunity post-PD-1-/- HSC transplant is the result of an overzealous T cell response to normally tonic self-pMHC precipitated by the synergy of LIP and PD-1 deficiency. Furthermore, potentiation of TCR signals in response to normally tonic self-pMHC may contribute to the success of PD-1 blockade in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristofor K Ellestad
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jiaxin Lin
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Colin C Anderson
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Alberta Transplant Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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8
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are adult stromal cells with therapeutic potential in allogeneic islet transplantation for type 1 diabetes patients. The process of islet isolation alone has been shown to negatively impact islet survival and function in vivo. In addition, insults mediated by the instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction, hypoxia, ischemia and immune response significantly impact the islet allograft post transplantation. MSCs are known to exert cytoprotective and immune modulatory properties and thus are an attractive therapeutic in this context. Herein, the recent progress in the field of MSC therapy in islet transplantation is discussed. RECENT FINDINGS MSC can promote islet survival and function in vivo. Importantly, studies have shown that human MSC donors have differential abilities in promoting islet regeneration/survival. Recently, several biomarkers associated with MSC islet regenerative capacity have been identified. Expressions of Annexin A1, Elastin microfibril interface 1 and integrin-linked protein kinase are upregulated in MSC displaying protective effects on islet survival and function in vivo. SUMMARY The discovery of biomarkers associated with MSC therapeutic efficacy represents an important step forward for the utilization of MSC therapy in islet transplantation; however, much remains to be elucidated about the mechanisms utilized by MSC in protection against transplanted islet loss, autoimmune-mediated and alloimmune-mediated rejection.
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9
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Vazquez-Mateo C, Collins J, Fleury M, Dooms H. Broad induction of immunoregulatory mechanisms after a short course of anti-IL-7Rα antibodies in NOD mice. BMC Immunol 2017; 18:18. [PMID: 28356069 PMCID: PMC5372316 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-017-0201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease caused by T cell-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing β-cells in the pancreas. Therefore, approaches that effectively halt the pathogenic T cell response are predicted to have preventive or therapeutic benefit for type 1 diabetes patients. We previously demonstrated that long-term blocking of IL-7 signaling, which is critical for the survival and function of T cells, prevented and reversed type 1 diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice. However, such persistent inhibition of T cell responses raises concerns about causing immunodeficiency. Here, we asked whether a reduced duration of the treatment with anti-IL-7Rα antibodies retained efficacy in preventing diabetes. Moreover, we sought to identify immunoregulatory mechanisms induced by anti-IL-7Rα administration. RESULTS Anti-IL-7Rα antibodies were administered to prediabetic NOD mice for 3 weeks and blood samples were taken at the end of treatment and 2 weeks later to analyze changes in T cell phenotypes in response to IL-7Rα blockade. We found that the co-inhibitory receptors LAG-3, Tim-3 and PD-1 were increased on peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from anti-IL-7Rα-treated mice. Expression of these receptors contributed to reduced T cell cytokine production in response to TCR stimulation. In addition, the frequency of Tregs within the circulating CD4+ T cells was increased at the end of anti-IL-7Rα antibody treatment and these Tregs showed a more activated phenotype. In vitro restimulation assays revealed that effector T cells from anti-IL-7Rα-treated mice were more sensitive to co-inhibitory receptor induction after TCR stimulation. Importantly, these changes were accompanied by delayed type 1 diabetes disease kinetics. CONCLUSIONS Together, our data show that short-term blockade of IL-7Rα induces detectable changes in co-inhibitory receptor expression and Treg frequencies in peripheral blood of NOD mice. These changes appear to have long-lasting effects by delaying or preventing type 1 diabetes incidence. Hence, our study provides further support for using anti-IL-7Rα antibodies to modulate autoreactive T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Vazquez-Mateo
- Department of Medicine, Arthritis Center/Rheumatology Section, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, E519, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Justin Collins
- Department of Medicine, Arthritis Center/Rheumatology Section, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, E519, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Michelle Fleury
- Department of Medicine, Arthritis Center/Rheumatology Section, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, E519, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Hans Dooms
- Department of Medicine, Arthritis Center/Rheumatology Section, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, E519, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
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