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Fu D, Wu S, Jiang X, You T, Li Y, Xin J, Feng X, Wen J, Huang Y, Hu C. Caveolin-1 alleviates acetaminophen-induced vascular oxidative stress and inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 195:245-257. [PMID: 36596386 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.12.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is one of the most widely used drugs in the world. The literature shows that excessive or long-term use of APAP can lead to increased cardiovascular dysfunction. An acute increase in angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) caused by APAP use in fatty liver disease may increase the risk and severity of vascular injury. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Caveolin-1 (CAV1) is a broad-spectrum kinase inhibitor that significantly determines endothelial function. This study aimed to observe the effects of APAP on the vasculature in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to determine whether CAV1 could alleviate vascular oxidative stress and inflammation by targeting Ang Ⅱ or its downstream pathways. In this study, 7-week-old C57BL/6 male mice (18-20 g) were administered APAP by gavage after eight weeks of a high-fat diet. Any resulting vascular oxidative stress and inflammation were assessed. Levels of Ang Ⅱ, CAV1, and other related proteins were measured using ELISA and western blotting. In APAP-treated NAFLD mice, CAV1 expression was downregulated and Ang Ⅱ expression was upregulated compared to normal APAP-treated mice. In vitro, HUVECs were incubated with Ang Ⅱ (300 nM) for 48 h. Overexpression of CAV1 in HUVECs attenuated Ang Ⅱ-induced oxidative stress and inflammation and downregulated the expression of Protein kinase C (PKC) and p-P38/P38. After intervention with CAV1-siRNA, immunofluorescence results showed that the fluorescence intensity of PKC on mitochondria was further increased, and flow cytometry results showed that the mitochondrial membrane potential increased. PKC inhibitors alleviated Ang Ⅱ-induced endothelial injury. In conclusion, our findings confirmed that CAV1 exerts a protective effect against vascular injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation through the PKC/MAPK pathway. Therefore, restoration of CAV1 may have clinical benefits in reducing APAP-induced vascular damage in NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Fu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiangfu Jiang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Tingyu You
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yu Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jiao Xin
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaowen Feng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jiagen Wen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Chengmu Hu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Zhang MZ, Wang S, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ming Hao C, Harris RC. Renal Medullary Interstitial COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2) Is Essential in Preventing Salt-Sensitive Hypertension and Maintaining Renal Inner Medulla/Papilla Structural Integrity. Hypertension 2019; 72:1172-1179. [PMID: 30354807 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.11694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
COX (cyclooxygenase)-derived prostaglandins regulate renal hemodynamics and salt and water homeostasis. Inhibition of COX activity causes blood pressure elevation. In addition, chronic analgesic abuse can induce renal injury, including papillary necrosis. COX-2 is highly expressed in the kidney papilla in renal medullary interstitial cells (RMICs). However, its role in blood pressure and papillary integrity in vivo has not been definitively studied. In mice with selective, inducible RMIC COX-2 deletion, a high-salt diet led to an increase in blood pressure that peaked at 4 to 5 weeks and was associated with increased papillary expression of AQP2 (aquaporin 2) and ENac (epithelial sodium channel) and decreased expression of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. With continued high-salt feeding, the mice with RMIC COX-2 deletion had progressive decreases in blood pressure from its peak. After return to a normal-salt diet for 3 weeks, blood pressure remained low and was associated with a persistent urinary concentrating defect. Within 2 weeks of institution of a high-salt diet, increased apoptotic RMICs and collecting duct cells could be detected in papillae with RMIC deletion of COX-2, and by 9 weeks of high salt, there was a striking loss of the papillae. Therefore, RMIC COX-2 expression plays a crucial role in renal handling water and sodium homeostasis, preventing salt-sensitive hypertension and maintaining structural integrity of papilla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhi Zhang
- From the Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (M.-Z.Z., S.W., Y.W., Y.Z., R.C.H.).,Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (M.-Z.Z., S.W., Y.W., R.C.H.)
| | - Suwan Wang
- From the Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (M.-Z.Z., S.W., Y.W., Y.Z., R.C.H.).,Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (M.-Z.Z., S.W., Y.W., R.C.H.)
| | - Yinqiu Wang
- From the Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (M.-Z.Z., S.W., Y.W., Y.Z., R.C.H.).,Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (M.-Z.Z., S.W., Y.W., R.C.H.)
| | - Yahua Zhang
- From the Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (M.-Z.Z., S.W., Y.W., Y.Z., R.C.H.)
| | - Chuan Ming Hao
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (C.M.H.)
| | - Raymond C Harris
- From the Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (M.-Z.Z., S.W., Y.W., Y.Z., R.C.H.).,Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (M.-Z.Z., S.W., Y.W., R.C.H.).,Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN (R.C.H.)
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Katz JA. COX-2 inhibition: what we learned--a controversial update on safety data. PAIN MEDICINE 2014; 14 Suppl 1:S29-34. [PMID: 24373107 DOI: 10.1111/pme.12252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Cyclooxygenase type 2 (COX-2)-selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (c2sNSAIDs) have been scrutinized relative to the less costly nonselective NSAIDs (nsNSAIDs). The conclusions reached were not always consistent with the data, and best treatment choices for patients were not always recommended. OBJECTIVE The data that were used to criticize the c2sNSAIDs are reexamined in a controversial light, demonstrating that the presence of reverse bias was often, but not always, present. EVIDENCE REVIEW A review of both Pubmed and news media articles relating to nsNSAIDs and c2sNSAIDs was conducted. References were selected on the basis of relevance to the controversies. FINDINGS The initial claims for the c2sNSAIDs of reduced gastrointestinal (GI) injury and preservation of platelet function were soon dwarfed by concerns regarding increased cardiovascular (CV) risk with publication of the Vioxx Gastrointestinal Outcomes Research trial for rofecoxib. Initial prothrombotic theories had a poor basis for explaining these concerns and have since largely been replaced with more credible explanations, including blood pressure elevations known to occur with all NSAIDs. Between data suggesting increased CV risk and under political pressure and public outcry, rofecoxib was withdrawn from the market in 2004. Soon, all c2sNSAIDs were under scrutiny. The Food and Drug Administration has since grouped all NSAIDs, whether c2sNSAID or nsNSAID, into one class with similar warnings regarding skin, CV, renal, and GI side effects. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The entire "COX-2 debacle" is reminiscent of past events with NSAIDs. Amid this public, media, and political hysteria, it is not clear if we will see any more NSAIDs (selective or otherwise) approved in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Katz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Section of Pain Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Yu Y, Ricciotti E, Scalia R, Tang SY, Grant G, Yu Z, Landesberg G, Crichton I, Wu W, Puré E, Funk CD, FitzGerald GA. Vascular COX-2 modulates blood pressure and thrombosis in mice. Sci Transl Med 2012; 4:132ra54. [PMID: 22553252 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3003787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Prostacyclin (PGI(2)) is a vasodilator and platelet inhibitor, properties consistent with cardioprotection. More than a decade ago, inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) by the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) rofecoxib and celecoxib was found to reduce the amount of the major metabolite of PGI(2) (PGI-M) in the urine of healthy volunteers. This suggested that NSAIDs might cause adverse cardiovascular events by reducing production of cardioprotective PGI(2). This prediction was based on the assumption that the concentration of PGI-M in urine likely reflected vascular production of PGI(2) and that other cardioprotective mediators, especially nitric oxide (NO), were not able to compensate for the loss of PGI(2). Subsequently, eight placebo-controlled clinical trials showed that NSAIDs that block COX-2 increase adverse cardiovascular events. We connect tissue-specific effects of NSAID action and functional correlates in mice with clinical outcomes in humans by showing that deletion of COX-2 in the mouse vasculature reduces excretion of PGI-M in urine and predisposes the animals to both hypertension and thrombosis. Furthermore, vascular disruption of COX-2 depressed expression of endothelial NO synthase and the consequent release and function of NO. Thus, suppression of PGI(2) formation resulting from deletion of vascular COX-2 is sufficient to explain the cardiovascular hazard from NSAIDs, which is likely to be augmented by secondary mechanisms such as suppression of NO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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