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del Rosal T, Bote-Gascón P, Falces-Romero I, Sainz T, Baquero-Artigao F, Rodríguez-Molino P, Méndez-Echevarría A, Bravo-Queipo-de-Llano B, Alonso LA, Calvo C. Multiplex PCR and Antibiotic Use in Children with Community-Acquired Pneumonia. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:245. [PMID: 38397359 PMCID: PMC10887858 DOI: 10.3390/children11020245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotics are frequently prescribed to children with pneumonia, although viruses are responsible for most cases. We aimed to evaluate the impact of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) on antibiotic use. We conducted a prospective study of children under 14 years of age admitted for suspected viral pneumonia, from October 2019 to June 2022 (except March-November 2020). A mPCR respiratory panel (FilmArray® 2plus, bioMérieux, Marcy-l'Étoile, France) was performed within 72 h of admission. Patients with positive reverse transcription PCR for respiratory syncytial virus, influenza, or SARS-CoV-2 were excluded. We compared the patients with historical controls (2017-2018) who had suspected viral pneumonia but did not undergo an aetiological study. We included 64 patients and 50 controls, with a median age of 26 months. The respiratory panel detected viral pathogens in 55 patients (88%), including 17 (31%) with co-infections. Rhinovirus/enterovirus (n = 26) and human metapneumovirus (n = 22) were the most common pathogens, followed by adenovirus and parainfluenza (n = 10). There were no statistically significant differences in the total antibiotic consumption (83% of cases and 86% of controls) or antibiotics given for ≥72 h (58% vs. 66%). Antibiotics were prescribed in 41% of the cases and 72% of the controls at discharge (p = 0.001). Ampicillin was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic among the patients (44% vs. 18% for controls, p = 0.004), while azithromycin was the most commonly prescribed among the controls (19% vs. 48% for patients and controls, respectively; p = 0.001). Our findings underscore the need for additional interventions alongside molecular diagnosis to reduce antibiotic usage in paediatric community-acquired pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa del Rosal
- Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases Department, Institute for Health Research IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (P.B.-G.); (T.S.); (F.B.-A.); (P.R.-M.); (A.M.-E.); (L.A.A.); (C.C.)
- Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER U767, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Bote-Gascón
- Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases Department, Institute for Health Research IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (P.B.-G.); (T.S.); (F.B.-A.); (P.R.-M.); (A.M.-E.); (L.A.A.); (C.C.)
- Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Iker Falces-Romero
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Talía Sainz
- Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases Department, Institute for Health Research IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (P.B.-G.); (T.S.); (F.B.-A.); (P.R.-M.); (A.M.-E.); (L.A.A.); (C.C.)
- Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Baquero-Artigao
- Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases Department, Institute for Health Research IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (P.B.-G.); (T.S.); (F.B.-A.); (P.R.-M.); (A.M.-E.); (L.A.A.); (C.C.)
- Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Rodríguez-Molino
- Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases Department, Institute for Health Research IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (P.B.-G.); (T.S.); (F.B.-A.); (P.R.-M.); (A.M.-E.); (L.A.A.); (C.C.)
- Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Méndez-Echevarría
- Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases Department, Institute for Health Research IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (P.B.-G.); (T.S.); (F.B.-A.); (P.R.-M.); (A.M.-E.); (L.A.A.); (C.C.)
- Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca Bravo-Queipo-de-Llano
- Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases Department, Institute for Health Research IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (P.B.-G.); (T.S.); (F.B.-A.); (P.R.-M.); (A.M.-E.); (L.A.A.); (C.C.)
- Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis A. Alonso
- Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases Department, Institute for Health Research IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (P.B.-G.); (T.S.); (F.B.-A.); (P.R.-M.); (A.M.-E.); (L.A.A.); (C.C.)
- Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Calvo
- Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases Department, Institute for Health Research IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (P.B.-G.); (T.S.); (F.B.-A.); (P.R.-M.); (A.M.-E.); (L.A.A.); (C.C.)
- Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Hitchcock MM, Gomez CA, Pozdol J, Banaei N. Effective Approaches to Diagnostic Stewardship of Syndromic Molecular Panels. J Appl Lab Med 2024; 9:104-115. [PMID: 38167764 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfad063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Syndromic molecular panels for the diagnosis of gastroenteritis, meningitis/encephalitis, and pneumonia are becoming routinely used for patient care throughout the world. CONTENT These rapid, sample-to-answer assays have great potential to improve patient care, infection control, and antimicrobial stewardship. However, diagnostic stewardship is essential for their optimal use and accuracy, and interventions can be applied at all phases of the diagnostic process. SUMMARY The aim of this review article is to describe effective approaches to diagnostic stewardship for syndromic molecular panels to ensure appropriate test utilization and quality assured results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M Hitchcock
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Central Virginia VA Health Care System, Richmond, VA, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Carlos A Gomez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Joseph Pozdol
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Niaz Banaei
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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Lewinski MA, Alby K, Babady NE, Butler-Wu SM, Bard JD, Greninger AL, Hanson K, Naccache SN, Newton D, Temple-Smolkin RL, Nolte F. Exploring the Utility of Multiplex Infectious Disease Panel Testing for Diagnosis of Infection in Different Body Sites: A Joint Report of the Association for Molecular Pathology, American Society for Microbiology, Infectious Diseases Society of America, and Pan American Society for Clinical Virology. J Mol Diagn 2023; 25:857-875. [PMID: 37757952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of clinical molecular diagnostic methods for detecting microbial pathogens continues to expand and, in some cases, supplant conventional identification methods in various scenarios. Analytical and clinical benefits of multiplex molecular panels for the detection of respiratory pathogens have been demonstrated in various studies. The use of these panels in managing different patient populations has been incorporated into clinical guidance documents. The Association for Molecular Pathology's Infectious Diseases Multiplex Working Group conducted a review of the current benefits and challenges to using multiplex PCR for the detection of pathogens from gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, lower respiratory tract, and joint specimens. The Working Group also discusses future directions and novel approaches to detection of pathogens in alternate specimen types, and outlines challenges associated with implementation of these multiplex PCR panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Lewinski
- Infectious Diseases Multiplex Working Group of the Clinical Practice Committee, Association for Molecular Pathology, Rockville, Maryland; Roche Molecular Systems, San Clemente, California.
| | - Kevin Alby
- Infectious Diseases Multiplex Working Group of the Clinical Practice Committee, Association for Molecular Pathology, Rockville, Maryland; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - N Esther Babady
- Infectious Diseases Multiplex Working Group of the Clinical Practice Committee, Association for Molecular Pathology, Rockville, Maryland; Clinical Microbiology Service, Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Susan M Butler-Wu
- Infectious Diseases Multiplex Working Group of the Clinical Practice Committee, Association for Molecular Pathology, Rockville, Maryland; Department of Clinical Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jennifer Dien Bard
- Infectious Diseases Multiplex Working Group of the Clinical Practice Committee, Association for Molecular Pathology, Rockville, Maryland; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Alexander L Greninger
- Infectious Diseases Multiplex Working Group of the Clinical Practice Committee, Association for Molecular Pathology, Rockville, Maryland; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kimberly Hanson
- Infectious Diseases Multiplex Working Group of the Clinical Practice Committee, Association for Molecular Pathology, Rockville, Maryland; University of Utah School of Medicine and ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Samia N Naccache
- Infectious Diseases Multiplex Working Group of the Clinical Practice Committee, Association for Molecular Pathology, Rockville, Maryland; Department of Microbiology, LabCorp Seattle, Seattle, Washington
| | - Duane Newton
- Infectious Diseases Multiplex Working Group of the Clinical Practice Committee, Association for Molecular Pathology, Rockville, Maryland; Bio-Rad Laboratories, Irvine, California
| | | | - Frederick Nolte
- Infectious Diseases Multiplex Working Group of the Clinical Practice Committee, Association for Molecular Pathology, Rockville, Maryland; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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Golovaty I, Tulloch-Palomino L. Evaluating outpatient diagnostic stewardship of comprehensive polymerase chain reaction Clostridioides difficile testing in a regional health system. ANTIMICROBIAL STEWARDSHIP & HEALTHCARE EPIDEMIOLOGY : ASHE 2023; 3:e145. [PMID: 37780683 PMCID: PMC10540176 DOI: 10.1017/ash.2023.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective We examined the use of comprehensive and targeted polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) among immunocompetent patients with and without CDI risk factors across different outpatient settings. A priori, we expected patients with higher CDI risk to be associated with targeted testing to reflect providers incorporating pretest risk factors in their choice of test assay. Design Retrospective analysis of adult patients from clinic, emergency room, and non-medically acute inpatient settings. Setting A tertiary academic medical center offering inpatient and outpatient medical, surgical, mental health, and rehabilitation services to Veterans across the Puget Sound region. Patients Immunocompetent adult patients with ≥1 stool PCR assay performed between January 2016 and December 2019. Intervention Patients were tested with either a specific tcdB PCR assay or a comprehensive gastrointestinal PCR panel that tests for 22 pathogens. Results A total of 2,717 tests (74% targeted, 26% comprehensive) were obtained from 2,156 patients, among which 13% detected C. difficile and 7% detected other organisms. The proportion of comprehensive PCR tests increased nearly four-fold from 2016 to 2019 in clinic and emergency room settings, independent of CDI risk factors. Only two CDI risk factors (prior history of CDI and antibiotic use within three months before testing) were associated with increased targeted testing. Conclusion The use of comprehensive GI PCR among immunocompetent adults with diarrhea is increasing in the outpatient setting. There may be an opportunity for diagnostic stewardship by nudging providers to consider all CDI risk factors at the time of test selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Golovaty
- General Medicine Service, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Luis Tulloch-Palomino
- Hospital and Specialty Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
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Burillo A, Candel FJ, Canut-Blasco A. Value of syndromic panels in the management of severe community-acquired pneumonia. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2022; 35 Suppl 1:15-20. [PMID: 35488818 PMCID: PMC9106196 DOI: 10.37201/req/s01.03.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospital admission is a prevalent and potentially serious infection, especially in high-risk patients (e.g., those requiring ICU admission or immunocompromised). International guidelines recommend early aetiological diagnosis to improve prognosis and reduce mortality. Syndromic panels that detect causative pathogens by molecular methods are here to stay. They are highly sensitive and specific for detecting the targets included in the test. A growing number of studies measuring their clinical impact have observed increased treatment appropriateness and decreased turnaround time to aetiological diagnosis, need for admission, length of hospital stay, days of isolation, adverse effects of medication and hospital costs. Its use is recommended a) per a pre-established protocol on making the diagnosis and managing the patient, b) together with an antimicrobial stewardship programme involving both the Microbiology Service and the clinicians responsible for the patient, and c) the final evaluation of the whole process. However, we recall that microbiological diagnosis with traditional methods remains mandatory due to the possibility that the aetiological agent is not included among the molecular targets and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of the pathogens detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Burillo
- Almudena Burillo, Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Doctor Esquerdo 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain.
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Burillo A, Bouza E. Faster infection diagnostics for intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2022; 22:347-360. [PMID: 35152813 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2022.2037422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION : The patient admitted to intensive care units (ICU) is critically ill, to some extent immunosuppressed, with a high risk of infection, sometimes by multidrug-resistant microorganisms. In this context, the intensivist expects from the microbiology service quick and understandable information so that appropriate antimicrobial treatment for that particular patient and infection can be initiated. AREAS COVERED : In this review of recent literature (2015-2021), we identified diagnostic methods for the most prevalent infections in these patients through a search of the databases Pubmed, evidence-based medicine online, York University reviewers group, Cochrane, MBE-Trip, and Sumsearch using the terms: adult, clinical laboratory techniques, critical care, early diagnosis, microbiology, molecular diagnostic techniques, spectrometry and metagenomics. EXPERT OPINION : There has been an exponential surge in diagnostic systems used directly on blood and other samples to expedite microbial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of pathogens. Few studies have thus far assessed their clinical impact; final outcomes will also depend on preanalytical and post-analytical factors. Besides, many of the resistance mechanisms cannot yet be detected with molecular techniques, which impairs the prediction of the actual resistance phenotype. Nonetheless, this is an exciting field with much yet to explore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almudena Burillo
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Doctor Esquerdo 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain.,Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute, Doctor Esquerdo 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Bouza
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Doctor Esquerdo 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain.,Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute, Doctor Esquerdo 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES CB06/06/0058), Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Hamon A, Geri G, Gault E, Duran C, Vieillard-Baron A, Dinh A. Impact of viral respiratory PCR panel assay on antibiotic therapy in patients with community-acquired pneumonia admitted to the intensive care unit. Infect Dis Now 2021; 52:54-55. [PMID: 34856416 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Hamon
- Infectious disease unit, Raymond-Poincaré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Saclay University, 104 Bd Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France
| | - Guillaume Geri
- Intensive Care Unit, Ambroise-Paré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Saclay University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Elyanne Gault
- Microbiology laboratory, Ambroise-Paré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Saclay University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Clara Duran
- Infectious disease unit, Raymond-Poincaré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Saclay University, 104 Bd Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France
| | - Antoine Vieillard-Baron
- Intensive Care Unit, Ambroise-Paré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Saclay University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Aurélien Dinh
- Infectious disease unit, Raymond-Poincaré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Saclay University, 104 Bd Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France.
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Wu X, Pan J, Zhu X, Hong C, Hu A, Zhu C, Liu Y, Yang K, Zhu L. MS 2 device: smartphone-facilitated mobile nucleic acid analysis on microfluidic device. Analyst 2021; 146:3823-3833. [PMID: 34121097 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00367d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mobile sensing based on the integration of microfluidic devices and smartphones, so-called MS2 technology, has enabled many applications over recent years and continues to stimulate growing interest in both research communities and industries. In particular, MS2 technology has been proven to be able to be applied to molecular diagnostic analysis and can be implemented for basic research and clinical testing. However, the currently reported MS2-based nucleic acid analysis system has limited use in practical applications, because it is not integrated with quantitative PCR, multiplex PCR, and isothermal amplification functions, and lacks temperature control, image acquisition and real-time processing units with excellent performance. To provide a more universal and powerful platform, we here developed a novel MS2 device by integrating a thermocycler, a multi fluorescence detection unit, a PCR chip, an isothermal chip, and a smartphone. The MS2 device was approximately 325 mm (L) × 200 mm (W) × 200 mm (H) in volume and only 5 kg in weight, and showed an average power consumption of about 38.4 W. The entire nucleic acid amplification and analysis could be controlled through a self-made smartphone App. The maximum heating and cooling rates were 5 °C s-1 and 4 °C s-1, respectively. The entire PCR could be completed within 65 min. The temperature uniformity was less than 0.1 °C. Besides, the temperature stability over time (30 min) was within ±0.04 °C. Four optical channels were integrated (FAM, HEX, TAMRA, and ROX) on the MS2 device. In particular, the PCR-based detection sensitivity reached 1 copy per μL, and the amplification efficiency was calculated to be 106.8%. Besides, the MS2 device also was compatible with multiplex PCR and isothermal amplification. In short, the MS2 device showed performance consistent with that of traditional commercial equipment. Thus, the MS2 device provides an easy and integrated experimental platform for molecular diagnostic-related research and potential medical diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Wu
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, PR China. and University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, JinZhai Road Baohe District, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Jingyu Pan
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Xinchao Zhu
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, PR China. and University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, JinZhai Road Baohe District, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Chenggang Hong
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Anzhong Hu
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Cancan Zhu
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Ke Yang
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Ling Zhu
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
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