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Azzalini E, Stanta G, Canzonieri V, Bonin S. Overview of Tumor Heterogeneity in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15077. [PMID: 37894756 PMCID: PMC10606847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancers encompass a group of neoplasms originating from germinal tissues and exhibiting distinct clinical, pathological, and molecular features. Among these, epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) are the most prevalent, comprising five distinct tumor histotypes. Notably, high-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOCs) represent the majority, accounting for over 70% of EOC cases. Due to their silent and asymptomatic behavior, HGSOCs are generally diagnosed in advanced stages with an evolved and complex genomic state, characterized by high intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) due to chromosomal instability that distinguishes HGSOCs. Histologically, these cancers exhibit significant morphological diversity both within and between tumors. The histologic patterns associated with solid, endometrioid, and transitional (SET) and classic subtypes of HGSOCs offer prognostic insights and may indicate specific molecular profiles. The evolution of HGSOC from primary to metastasis is typically characterized by clonal ITH, involving shared or divergent mutations in neoplastic sub-clones within primary and metastatic sites. Disease progression and therapy resistance are also influenced by non-clonal ITH, related to interactions with the tumor microenvironment and further genomic changes. Notably, significant alterations occur in nonmalignant cells, including cancer-associated fibroblast and immune cells, during tumor progression. This review provides an overview of the complex nature of HGSOC, encompassing its various aspects of intratumor heterogeneity, histological patterns, and its dynamic evolution during progression and therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eros Azzalini
- Department of Medical Sciences (DSM), University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.A.); (G.S.); (V.C.)
| | - Giorgio Stanta
- Department of Medical Sciences (DSM), University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.A.); (G.S.); (V.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Canzonieri
- Department of Medical Sciences (DSM), University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.A.); (G.S.); (V.C.)
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano-National Cancer Institute, 33081 Pordenone, Italy
| | - Serena Bonin
- Department of Medical Sciences (DSM), University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.A.); (G.S.); (V.C.)
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Pronina IV, Uroshlev LA, Moskovtsev AA, Zaichenko DM, Filippova EA, Fridman MV, Burdennyy AM, Loginov VI, Kazubskaya TP, Kushlinskii NE, Dmitriev AA, Braga EA, Brovkina OI. Dysregulation of lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA Interactome as a Marker of Metastatic Process in Ovarian Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040824. [PMID: 35453574 PMCID: PMC9031843 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common types of cancer among malignancies of the female reproductive system. This pathology is asymptomatic until advanced stages and has a poor prognosis. Our study aimed to search for lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA competing triplets that promote ovarian tumorigenesis. For this purpose, we analyzed tumor samples from the TCGA database and verified the results experimentally in a set of 46 paired samples of tumor and matched histologically unchanged ovarian tissues from OC patients. The list of RNAs selected in silico for experimental studies included 13 mRNAs, 10 lncRNAs, and 5 miRNAs related to epithelial–mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis. We evaluated the expression of these RNAs by qRT-PCR and assessed the correlation between levels of miRNAs, mRNAs, and lncRNAs. Sixteen significant triplets were revealed, in some of which, e.g., OIP5-AS1–miR-203a–c-MET and OIP5-AS1–miR-203a–ZEB2, both lncRNA and mRNA had sites for miR-203a direct binding. Transfection of the OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3 cell lines with the miR-203a mimic was used to confirm the novel links of miR-203a with ZEB2 and c-MET in OC. These connections suggest that the interactomes have the potential for diagnostics of metastasis at early onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Pronina
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
| | - Leonid A. Uroshlev
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexey A. Moskovtsev
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Danila M. Zaichenko
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
| | - Elena A. Filippova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
| | - Marina V. Fridman
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexey M. Burdennyy
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
| | - Vitaly I. Loginov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
| | - Tatiana P. Kazubskaya
- N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (T.P.K.); (N.E.K.)
| | - Nikolay E. Kushlinskii
- N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (T.P.K.); (N.E.K.)
| | - Alexey A. Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Eleonora A. Braga
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Olga I. Brovkina
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.P.); (L.A.U.); (A.A.M.); (D.M.Z.); (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (O.I.B.)
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, 115682 Moscow, Russia
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Park SJ, Chang SJ, Suh DH, Kong TW, Song H, Kim TH, Kim JW, Kim HS, Lee SJ. A phase IA dose-escalation study of PHI-101, a new checkpoint kinase 2 inhibitor, for platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:28. [PMID: 34980026 PMCID: PMC8722005 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-09138-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PHI-101 is an orally available, selective checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2) inhibitor. PHI-101 has shown anti-tumour activity in ovarian cancer cell lines and impaired DNA repair pathways in preclinical experiments. Furthermore, the in vivo study suggests the synergistic effect of PHI-101 through combination with PARP inhibitors for ovarian cancer treatment. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of PHI-101 in platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer. METHODS Chk2 inhibitor for Recurrent EpitheliAl periToneal, fallopIan, or oVarian cancEr (CREATIVE) trial is a prospective, multi-centre, phase IA dose-escalation study. Six cohorts of dose levels are planned, and six to 36 patients are expected to be enrolled in this trial. Major inclusion criteria include ≥ 19 years with histologically confirmed epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian tube carcinoma, or primary peritoneal cancer. Also, patients who showed disease progression during platinum-based chemotherapy or disease progression within 24 weeks from completion of platinum-based chemotherapy will be included, and prior chemotherapy lines of more than five will be excluded. The primary endpoint of this study is to determine the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of PHI-101. DISCUSSION PHI-101 is the first orally available Chk2 inhibitor, expected to show effectiveness in treating recurrent ovarian cancer. Through this CREATIVE trial, DLT and MTD of this new targeted therapy can be confirmed to find the recommended dose for the phase II clinical trial. This study may contribute to developing a new combination regimen for the treatment of ovarian cancer. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04678102 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jin Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Joon Chang
- Gynecologic Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Wook Kong
- Gynecologic Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Heekyoung Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Weon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Seung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Jong Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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He Y, He Z, Lin J, Chen C, Chen Y, Liu S. CtBP1/2 differentially regulate genomic stability and DNA repair pathway in high-grade serous ovarian cancer cell. Oncogenesis 2021; 10:49. [PMID: 34253710 PMCID: PMC8275597 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-021-00344-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The C-terminal binding proteins (CtBPs), CtBP1 and CtBP2, are transcriptional co-repressor that interacts with multiple transcriptional factors to modulate the stability of chromatin. CtBP proteins were identified with overexpression in the high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). However, little is known about CtBP proteins’ regulatory roles in genomic stability and DNA repair in HGSOC. In this study, we combined whole-transcriptome analysis with multiple research methods to investigate the role of CtBP1/2 in genomic stability. Several key functional pathways were significantly enriched through whole transcription profile analysis of CtBP1/2 knockdown SKOV3 cells, including DNA damage repair, apoptosis, and cell cycle. CtBP1/2 knockdown induced cancer cell apoptosis, increased genetic instability, and enhanced the sensitivity to DNA damage agents, such as γ-irradiation and chemotherapy drug (Carboplatin and etoposide). The results of DNA fiber assay revealed that CtBP1/2 contribute differentially to the integrity of DNA replication track and stability of DNA replication recovery. CtBP1 protects the integrity of stalled forks under metabolic stress condition during prolonged periods of replication, whereas CtBP2 acts a dominant role in stability of DNA replication recovery. Furthermore, CtBP1/2 knockdown shifted the DSBs repair pathway from homologous recombination (HR) to non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and activated DNA-PK in SKOV3 cells. Interesting, blast through TCGA tumor cases, patients with CtBP2 genetic alternation had a significantly longer overall survival time than unaltered patients. Together, these results revealed that CtBP1/2 play a different regulatory role in genomic stability and DSBs repair pathway bias in serous ovarian cancer cells. It is possible to generate novel potential targeted therapy strategy and translational application for serous ovarian carcinoma patients with a predictable better clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- YingYing He
- School of Chemical Science & Technology Yunnan University Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China
| | - Zhicheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuanzhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shubai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, PR China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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5
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Li H, Li M, Tang C, Xu L. Screening and prognostic value of potential biomarkers for ovarian cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1007. [PMID: 34277807 PMCID: PMC8267297 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is a common gynecological malignant tumor that greatly threatens women's health, so we screened potential biomarkers of ovarian cancer and analyzed their prognostic value. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were used to analyze the ovarian cancer-related genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to analyze the function of ovarian cancer-related genes. The survival-related genes were screened out through the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method. Multivariate Cox regression model and stepwise regression analysis were performed to construct the risk model. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the prediction accuracy of risk score model. Finally, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immune cell infiltration analysis were performed to investigate the biological function and immune cell infiltration. Results A total of 111 genes were found to have common effects on survival. These genes were mainly involved in metabolism, protein phosphorylation and immune-related signaling pathways. Seven risk genes (AP3D1, DCAF10, FBXO16, LRFN4, PTPN2, SAYSD1, ZNF426) were screened out. Among these genes, AP3D1 and LRFN4 are risk genes and DCAF10, FBXO16, PTPN2, SAYSD1, and ZNF426 are protective genes. These findings suggest that risk status may be an independent prognostic factor. The risk score had a high predictive value for the prognosis of ovarian cancer. In addition, GSEA revealed that the biological function of genes expressed in patients at a high risk was mostly related to immune-related function. The contents of CD4+ T cells, macrophages, myeloid dendritic cells (mDC) and neutrophils were high in samples at a high risk for ovarian cancer. Conclusions The abnormal expression of AP3D1, DCAF10, FBXO16, LRFN4, PTPN2, SAYSD1 and ZNF426 is highly related to the progression of ovarian cancer. These seven genes can be used as independent prognostic markers of ovarian cancer. This study not only adds evidence to the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer but also provides scientific basis for judging the prognosis of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center of Chongchuan District, Nantong, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Binhai County, Yancheng, China
| | - Chunhui Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Surgery, Changshu Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Changshu, China
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6
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Mechanisms of High-Grade Serous Carcinogenesis in the Fallopian Tube and Ovary: Current Hypotheses, Etiologic Factors, and Molecular Alterations. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094409. [PMID: 33922503 PMCID: PMC8122889 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSCs) are a heterogeneous group of diseases. They include fallopian-tube-epithelium (FTE)-derived and ovarian-surface-epithelium (OSE)-derived tumors. The risk/protective factors suggest that the etiology of HGSCs is multifactorial. Inflammation caused by ovulation and retrograde bleeding may play a major role. HGSCs are among the most genetically altered cancers, and TP53 mutations are ubiquitous. Key driving events other than TP53 mutations include homologous recombination (HR) deficiency, such as BRCA 1/2 dysfunction, and activation of the CCNE1 pathway. HR deficiency and the CCNE1 amplification appear to be mutually exclusive. Intratumor heterogeneity resulting from genomic instability can be observed at the early stage of tumorigenesis. In this review, I discuss current carcinogenic hypotheses, sites of origin, etiologic factors, and molecular alterations of HGSCs.
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Chesnokov MS, Khan I, Park Y, Ezell J, Mehta G, Yousif A, Hong LJ, Buckanovich RJ, Takahashi A, Chefetz I. The MEK1/2 Pathway as a Therapeutic Target in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1369. [PMID: 33803586 PMCID: PMC8003094 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the deadliest of gynecological cancers due to its high recurrence rate and acquired chemoresistance. RAS/MEK/ERK pathway activation is linked to cell proliferation and therapeutic resistance, but the role of MEK1/2-ERK1/2 pathway in HGSOC is poorly investigated. We evaluated MEK1/2 pathway activity in clinical HGSOC samples and ovarian cancer cell lines using immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, and RT-qPCR. HGSOC cell lines were used to assess immediate and lasting effects of MEK1/2 inhibition with trametinib in vitro. Trametinib effect on tumor growth in vivo was investigated using mouse xenografts. MEK1/2 pathway is hyperactivated in HGSOC and is further stimulated by cisplatin treatment. Trametinib treatment causes cell cycle arrest in G1/0-phase and reduces tumor growth rate in vivo but does not induce cell death or reduce fraction of CD133+ stem-like cells, while increasing expression of stemness-associated genes instead. Transient trametinib treatment causes long-term increase in a subpopulation of cells with high aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)1 activity that can survive and grow in non-adherent conditions. We conclude that MEK1/2 inhibition may be a promising approach to suppress ovarian cancer growth as a maintenance therapy. Promotion of stem-like properties upon MEK1/2 inhibition suggests a possible mechanism of resistance, so a combination with CSC-targeting drugs should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail S. Chesnokov
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA; (M.S.C.); (I.K.); (A.Y.); (A.T.)
| | - Imran Khan
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA; (M.S.C.); (I.K.); (A.Y.); (A.T.)
| | - Yeonjung Park
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.P.); (J.E.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Jessica Ezell
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.P.); (J.E.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Geeta Mehta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Abdelrahman Yousif
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA; (M.S.C.); (I.K.); (A.Y.); (A.T.)
| | - Linda J. Hong
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA;
| | - Ronald J. Buckanovich
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.P.); (J.E.); (R.J.B.)
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Akimasa Takahashi
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA; (M.S.C.); (I.K.); (A.Y.); (A.T.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 5202152, Japan
| | - Ilana Chefetz
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA; (M.S.C.); (I.K.); (A.Y.); (A.T.)
- Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Zheng M, Mullikin H, Hester A, Czogalla B, Heidegger H, Vilsmaier T, Vattai A, Chelariu-Raicu A, Jeschke U, Trillsch F, Mahner S, Kaltofen T. Development and Validation of a Novel 11-Gene Prognostic Model for Serous Ovarian Carcinomas Based on Lipid Metabolism Expression Profile. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9169. [PMID: 33271935 PMCID: PMC7731240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Biomarkers might play a significant role in predicting the clinical outcomes of patients with ovarian cancer. By analyzing lipid metabolism genes, future perspectives may be uncovered; (2) Methods: RNA-seq data for serous ovarian cancer were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. The non-negative matrix factorization package in programming language R was used to classify molecular subtypes of lipid metabolism genes and the limma package in R was performed for functional enrichment analysis. Through lasso regression, we constructed a multi-gene prognosis model; (3) Results: Two molecular subtypes were obtained and an 11-gene signature was constructed (PI3, RGS, ADORA3, CH25H, CCDC80, PTGER3, MATK, KLRB1, CCL19, CXCL9 and CXCL10). Our prognostic model shows a good independent prognostic ability in ovarian cancer. In a nomogram, the predictive efficiency was notably superior to that of traditional clinical features. Related to known models in ovarian cancer with a comparable amount of genes, ours has the highest concordance index; (4) Conclusions: We propose an 11-gene signature prognosis prediction model based on lipid metabolism genes in serous ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (M.Z.); (H.M.); (A.H.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (T.V.); (A.V.); (A.C.-R.); (U.J.); (F.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Heather Mullikin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (M.Z.); (H.M.); (A.H.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (T.V.); (A.V.); (A.C.-R.); (U.J.); (F.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Anna Hester
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (M.Z.); (H.M.); (A.H.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (T.V.); (A.V.); (A.C.-R.); (U.J.); (F.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Bastian Czogalla
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (M.Z.); (H.M.); (A.H.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (T.V.); (A.V.); (A.C.-R.); (U.J.); (F.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Helene Heidegger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (M.Z.); (H.M.); (A.H.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (T.V.); (A.V.); (A.C.-R.); (U.J.); (F.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Theresa Vilsmaier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (M.Z.); (H.M.); (A.H.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (T.V.); (A.V.); (A.C.-R.); (U.J.); (F.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Aurelia Vattai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (M.Z.); (H.M.); (A.H.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (T.V.); (A.V.); (A.C.-R.); (U.J.); (F.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Anca Chelariu-Raicu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (M.Z.); (H.M.); (A.H.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (T.V.); (A.V.); (A.C.-R.); (U.J.); (F.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (M.Z.); (H.M.); (A.H.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (T.V.); (A.V.); (A.C.-R.); (U.J.); (F.T.); (S.M.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstrasse 2, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Trillsch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (M.Z.); (H.M.); (A.H.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (T.V.); (A.V.); (A.C.-R.); (U.J.); (F.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (M.Z.); (H.M.); (A.H.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (T.V.); (A.V.); (A.C.-R.); (U.J.); (F.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Till Kaltofen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (M.Z.); (H.M.); (A.H.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (T.V.); (A.V.); (A.C.-R.); (U.J.); (F.T.); (S.M.)
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9
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Madariaga A, Garg S, Bruce JP, Thiryayi S, Mandilaras V, Rath P, Oza AM, Dhani NC, Cescon DW, Lee YC, Chen E, Wang L, Clarke B, Lheureux S. Biomarkers of outcome to weekly paclitaxel in epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 159:539-545. [PMID: 32912664 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to evaluate the role of intrinsic chromosomal aberrations in determining favorable outcome to weekly paclitaxel (WP) in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). METHODS We evaluated the common genomic aberrations of two patients with EOC and exceptional WP response in the GENIUS study (NCT03740503). We then searched for potential markers of unusual outcomes to WP in a validation cohort. We performed shallow whole genome sequencing (sWGS) in the tumor tissue of women with EOC considered as short-responders (SR; progression with ≤3 cycles) and long-responders (LR; response at ≥8 cycles) to WP monotherapy. RESULTS We identified two women with exceptional response to WP, lasting over four years, who shared chromosome 8 gain as a common genomic aberration. In order to validate our findings, we reviewed 188 patients with EOC treated with WP and selected 61 women (39 SR, 22 LR) with unusual responses. By sWGS, there was no differential alterations in the copy number changes in chromosome 8, or in genes related to angiogenesis, tubulin superfamily, cell-cycle, apoptosis and paclitaxel metabolism or transportation pathways. Amongst the LR group, we identified six exceptionally long responders (ExLR), with responses lasting over a year. In an exploratory analysis, there was increased amplification of angiogenesis (VEGFB, MMP9), tubulin superfamily (TSC2) and apoptosis related genes (BCL2L1, BAD) in ExLR compared to SR. We identified one patient with a complete response to WP for over 7 years. Molecular profiling identified unique amplifications in interleukin related genes (CXCR1, CXCR2, IL1A, IL1B), not detected in other patients. CONCLUSION Intrinsic tumor pathways may impact outcome with weekly paclitaxel monotherapy and further investigations are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainhoa Madariaga
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Swati Garg
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jeffrey P Bruce
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sakinah Thiryayi
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Pathology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Victoria Mandilaras
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Prisni Rath
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amit M Oza
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Neesha C Dhani
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David W Cescon
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yeh Chen Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric Chen
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lisa Wang
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Blaise Clarke
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Pathology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie Lheureux
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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10
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Modeling the Diversity of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer through Ten Novel Well Characterized Cell Lines Covering Multiple Subtypes of the Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082222. [PMID: 32784519 PMCID: PMC7465288 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell lines are amongst the most important pre-clinical models. In the context of epithelial ovarian cancer, a highly heterogeneous disease with diverse subtypes, it is paramount to study a wide panel of models in order to draw a representative picture of the disease. As this lethal gynaecological malignancy has seen little improvement in overall survival in the last decade, it is all the more pressing to support future research with robust and diverse study models. Here, we describe ten novel spontaneously immortalized patient-derived ovarian cancer cell lines, detailing their respective mutational profiles and gene/biomarker expression patterns, as well as their in vitro and in vivo growth characteristics. Eight of the cell lines were classified as high-grade serous, while two were determined to be of the rarer mucinous and clear cell subtypes, respectively. Each of the ten cell lines presents a panel of characteristics reflective of diverse clinically relevant phenomena, including chemotherapeutic resistance, metastatic potential, and subtype-associated mutations and gene/protein expression profiles. Importantly, four cell lines formed subcutaneous tumors in mice, a key characteristic for pre-clinical drug testing. Our work thus contributes significantly to the available models for the study of ovarian cancer, supplying additional tools to better understand this complex disease.
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11
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Low expression of CDK12 in gastric cancer is correlated with advanced stage and poor outcome. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152962. [PMID: 32534699 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) belongs to the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) family, modulating multiple cellular functions including DNA damage response (DDR), development and cellular differentiation, transcription, mRNA processing, splicing and pre-mRNA processing. CDK12 has been reported as both tumor suppressor and oncogene in various kinds of tumor. The function of CDK12 in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. METHODS/RESULTS CDK12 mRNA expression was decreased in GC compared with non-tumor tissue based on GEO database. Also, low mRNA expression of CDK12 was detected in GC cell lines by qPCR. Similarly, CDK12 protein expression was also reduced in GC tissues compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues in 177 GC patients as shown by immunohistochemistry. Low expression of CDK12 was associated with organ metastasis, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and advanced stage. Consistent with human protein atlas database analysis, Low expression of CDK12 was correlated with worse overall survival (P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression indicated that low expression of CDK12 was an independent prognostic factor for GC patients (P < 0.001). Finally, a gene set enrichment analysis was performed to detect underlying internal mechanisms and biological processes. CONCLUSIONS CDK12 is down-regulated in GC and its expression is negatively correlated with advanced stage, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and poor outcomes. Our findings suggest that CDK12 may be a potential tumor suppressor in GC.
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12
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CtBP determines ovarian cancer cell fate through repression of death receptors. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:286. [PMID: 32332713 PMCID: PMC7181866 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2455-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
C-terminal binding protein 2 (CtBP2) is elevated in epithelial ovarian cancer, especially in the aggressive and highly lethal subtype, high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). However, whether HGSOC tumor progression is dependent on CtBP2 or its paralog CtBP1, is not well understood. Here we report that CtBP1/2 repress HGSOC cell apoptosis through silencing of death receptors (DRs) 4/5. CtBP1 or 2 knockdown upregulated DR4/5 expression, and triggered autonomous apoptosis via caspase 8 activation, but dependent on cell-type context. Activation of DR4/5 by CtBP1/2 loss also sensitized HGSOC cell susceptibility to the proapoptotic DR4/5 ligand TRAIL. Consistent with its function as transcription corepressor, CtBP1/2 bound to the promoter regions of DR4/5 and repressed DR4/5 expression, presumably through recruitment to a repressive transcription regulatory complex. We also found that CtBP1 and 2 were both required for repression of DR4/5. Collectively, this study identifies CtBP1 and 2 as potent repressors of DR4/5 expression and activity, and supports the targeting of CtBP as a promising therapeutic strategy for HGSOC.
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13
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Tseng SH, Park ST, Lam B, Tsai YC, Cheng MA, Farmer E, Xing D, Hung CF. Novel, genetically induced mouse model that recapitulates the histological morphology and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment of metastatic peritoneal carcinomatosis. J Immunother Cancer 2020; 8:e000480. [PMID: 32111730 PMCID: PMC7057437 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2019-000480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal carcinomatosis is a hallmark of advanced peritoneal tumor progression, particularly for tubal/ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSCs). Patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis have poor survival rates and are difficult to treat clinically due to widespread tumor dissemination in the peritoneal cavity. METHODS We developed a clinically relevant, genetically induced, peritoneal carcinomatosis model that recapitulates the histological morphology and immunosuppressive state of the tumor microenvironment of metastatic peritoneal HGSCs by intraperitoneally injecting shp53, AKT, c-Myc, luciferase and sleeping beauty transposase, followed by electroporation (EP) in the peritoneal cavity of immunocompetent mice (intraperitoneal (IP)/EP mice). RESULTS Similar to the spread of human ovarian cancers, IP/EP mice displayed multiple tumor nodules attached to the surface of the abdomen. Histopathological analysis indicated that these tumors were epithelial in origin. These IP/EP mice also displayed a loss of CD3+ T cell infiltration in tumors, highly expressed inhibitory checkpoint molecules in tumor-infiltrating and global CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and increased levels of transforming growth factor-β in the ascites, all of which contribute to the promotion of tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our tumor model recapitulates clinical peritoneal HGSC metastasis, which makes it ideal for preclinical drug screening, testing of immunotherapy-based therapeutics and studying of the tumor biology of peritoneal carcinomatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ssu-Hsueh Tseng
- Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sung-Taek Park
- Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Brandon Lam
- Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ya-Chea Tsai
- Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Max A Cheng
- Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily Farmer
- Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Deyin Xing
- Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chien-Fu Hung
- Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Marí-Alexandre J, Carcelén AP, Agababyan C, Moreno-Manuel A, García-Oms J, Calabuig-Fariñas S, Gilabert-Estellés J. Interplay Between MicroRNAs and Oxidative Stress in Ovarian Conditions with a Focus on Ovarian Cancer and Endometriosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215322. [PMID: 31731537 PMCID: PMC6862266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer and endometriosis are two distinct gynaecological conditions that share many biological aspects incuding proliferation, invasion of surrounding tissue, inflammation, inhibition of apoptosis, deregulation of angiogenesis and the ability to spread at a distance. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs (19–22 nt) that act as post-transcriptional modulators of gene expression and are involved in several of the aforementioned processes. In addition, a growing body of evidence supports the contribution of oxidative stress (OS) to these gynaecological diseases: increased peritoneal OS due to the decomposition of retrograde menstruation blood facilitates both endometriotic lesion development and fallopian tube malignant transformation leading to high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Furthermore, as HGSOC develops, increased OS levels are associated with chemoresistance. Finally, continued bleeding within ovarian endometrioma raises OS levels and contributes to the development of endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC). Therefore, this review aims to address the need for a better understanding of the dialogue between miRNAs and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of ovarian conditions: endometriosis, EAOC and HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Marí-Alexandre
- Research Laboratory in Biomarkers in Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 València, Spain; (C.A.); (J.G.-O.); (J.G.-E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-96-313-1893 (ext. 437211)
| | | | - Cristina Agababyan
- Research Laboratory in Biomarkers in Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 València, Spain; (C.A.); (J.G.-O.); (J.G.-E.)
- Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Endometriosis Unit, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014 València, Spain
| | - Andrea Moreno-Manuel
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Fundación para la Investigación del Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014, València, Spain; (A.M.-M.); (S.C.-F.)
- TRIAL Mixed Unit, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe-Fundación para la Investigación del Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014 València, Spain
| | - Javier García-Oms
- Research Laboratory in Biomarkers in Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 València, Spain; (C.A.); (J.G.-O.); (J.G.-E.)
- Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Endometriosis Unit, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014 València, Spain
| | - Silvia Calabuig-Fariñas
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Fundación para la Investigación del Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014, València, Spain; (A.M.-M.); (S.C.-F.)
- TRIAL Mixed Unit, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe-Fundación para la Investigación del Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014 València, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Universitat de València, 46010 València, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Cáncer (CIBERONC), 46014 València, Spain
| | - Juan Gilabert-Estellés
- Research Laboratory in Biomarkers in Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 València, Spain; (C.A.); (J.G.-O.); (J.G.-E.)
- Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Endometriosis Unit, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de València, 46014 València, Spain
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of València, 46010 València, Spain
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15
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Systematic Identification of Characteristic Genes of Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma Compared with High-Grade Serous Carcinoma Based on RNA-Sequencing. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184330. [PMID: 31487856 PMCID: PMC6770582 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality among gynecological cancers. High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common histotype of ovarian cancer regardless of ethnicity, whereas clear cell carcinoma (CCC) is more common in East Asians than Caucasians. The elucidation of predominant signaling pathways in these cancers is the first step towards understanding their molecular mechanisms and developing their clinical management. Methods: RNA sequencing was performed for 27 clinical ovarian specimens from Japanese women. Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted on the sequence data mapped on RefSeq with normalized read counts, and functional annotation analysis was performed on genes with substantial weights in PCA. Knockdown experiments were conducted on the selected genes on the basis of PCA. Results: Functional annotation analysis of PCA-defined genes showed predominant pathways, such as cell growth regulators and blood coagulators in CCC and transcription regulators in HGSC. Knockdown experiments showed that the inhibition of the calcium-dependent protein copine 8 (CPNE8) and the transcription factor basic helix-loop-helix family member e 41 (BHLHE41) repressed the proliferation of CCC- and HGSC-derived cells, respectively. Conclusions: This study identified CPNE8 and BHLHE41 as characteristic genes for CCC and HGSC, respectively. The systemic identification of differentially expressed genes in CCC and HGSC will provide useful information to understand transcriptomic differences in these ovarian cancers and to further develop potential diagnostic and therapeutic options for advanced disease.
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Murakami R, Matsumura N, Michimae H, Tanabe H, Yunokawa M, Iwase H, Sasagawa M, Nakamura T, Tokuyama O, Takano M, Sugiyama T, Sawasaki T, Isonishi S, Takehara K, Nakai H, Okamoto A, Mandai M, Konishi I. The mesenchymal transition subtype more responsive to dose dense taxane chemotherapy combined with carboplatin than to conventional taxane and carboplatin chemotherapy in high grade serous ovarian carcinoma: A survey of Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group study (JGOG3016A1). Gynecol Oncol 2019; 153:312-319. [PMID: 30853361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recently, we established new histopathological subtypes of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) that include the mesenchymal transition (MT) type, the immune reactive (IR) type, the solid and proliferative (SP) type and the papillo-glandular (PG) type. Furthermore, we identified that the mesenchymal transcriptome subtype might be sensitive to taxane. We investigated whether these different histopathological subtypes of HGSOC require individualized chemotherapy for optimal treatment. METHODS We conducted the Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group (JGOG) 3016A1 study, wherein we collected hematoxylin and eosin slides (total n = 201) and performed a histopathological analysis of patients with HGSOC registered in the JGOG3016 study, which compared the efficacy of conventional paclitaxel and carboplatin (TC) and dose-dense TC (ddTC). We analyzed the differences in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) among the four histopathological subtypes. We then compared the PFS between the TC group and the ddTC group for each histopathological subtype. RESULTS There were significant differences in both PFS and OS among the four histopathological subtypes (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Overall, the MT subtype had the shortest PFS (median 1.4 y) and OS (median 3.6 y). In addition, the MT subtype had a longer PFS in the ddTC group (median 1.8 y) than in the TC group (median 1.2 y) (p = 0.01). Conversely, the other types had no significant difference in PFS when the two regimens were compared. CONCLUSIONS The MT type of HGSOC is sensitive to taxane; therefore, the ddTC regimen is recommended for this histopathological subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Murakami
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noriomi Matsumura
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Michimae
- Kitasato University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Medicine (Biostatistics), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tanabe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayu Yunokawa
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruko Iwase
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Motoi Sasagawa
- Department of Gynecology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Nakamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kagoshima City Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Osamu Tokuyama
- Department of Gynecology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Takano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toru Sugiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Takashi Sawasaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Hospital Organization, Kure Medical Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Seiji Isonishi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Takehara
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center, Japan
| | - Hidekatsu Nakai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Aikou Okamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Mandai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ikuo Konishi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
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Rizzo S, Botta F, Raimondi S, Origgi D, Buscarino V, Colarieti A, Tomao F, Aletti G, Zanagnolo V, Del Grande M, Colombo N, Bellomi M. Radiomics of high-grade serous ovarian cancer: association between quantitative CT features, residual tumour and disease progression within 12 months. Eur Radiol 2018; 28:4849-4859. [PMID: 29737390 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-018-5389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine if radiomic features, alone or combined with clinical data, are associated with residual tumour (RT) at surgery, and predict the risk of disease progression within 12 months (PD12) in ovarian cancer (OC) patients. METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 101 patients according to the following inclusion parameters: cytoreductive surgery performed at our institution (9 May 2007-23 February 2016), assessment of BRCA mutational status, preoperative CT available. Radiomic features of the ovarian masses were extracted from 3D structures drawn on CT images. A phantom experiment was performed to assess the reproducibility of radiomic features. The final radiomic features included in the analysis (n = 516) were grouped into clusters using a hierarchical clustering procedure. The association of each cluster's representative radiomic feature with RT and PD12 was assessed by chi-square test. Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression models. P values < 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS Patients with values of F2-Shape/Compactness1 below the median, of F1- GrayLevelCooccurenceMatrix25/0-1InformationMeasureCorr2 below the median and of F1-GrayLevelCooccurenceMatrix25/-333-1InverseVariance above the median showed higher risk of RT (36%, 36% and 35%, respectively, as opposed to 18%, 18% and 18%). Patients with values of F4-GrayLevelRunLengthMatrix25/-333RunPercentage above the median, of F2 shape/Max3DDiameter below the median and F1-GrayLevelCooccurenceMatrix25/45-1InverseVariance above the median showed higher risk of PD12 (22%, 24% and 23%, respectively, as opposed to 6%, 5% and 6%). At multivariate analysis F2-Shape/Max3DDiameter remained significant (odds ratio (95% CI) = 11.86 (1.41-99.88)). To predict PD12, a clinical radiomics model performed better than a base clinical model. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated significant associations between radiomic features and prognostic factors such as RT and PD12. KEY POINTS • No residual tumour (RT) at surgery is the most important prognostic factor in OC. • Radiomic features related to mass size, randomness and homogeneity were associated with RT. • Progression of disease within 12 months (PD12) indicates worse prognosis in OC. • A model including clinical and radiomic features performed better than only-clinical model to predict PD12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Rizzo
- Department of Radiology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesca Botta
- Medical Physics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Raimondi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Origgi
- Medical Physics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Buscarino
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Postgraduation School in Radiodiagnostics, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Colarieti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità mediche, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Federica Tomao
- Dipartimento di scienze ginecologico ostetriche e scienze urologiche, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Aletti
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Vanna Zanagnolo
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Del Grande
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, San Giovanni Hospital, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Nicoletta Colombo
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Gynecologic Oncology Program, European Institute of Oncology and University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Bellomi
- Department of Radiology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Vargas HA, Veeraraghavan H, Micco M, Nougaret S, Lakhman Y, Meier AA, Sosa R, Soslow RA, Levine DA, Weigelt B, Aghajanian C, Hricak H, Deasy J, Snyder A, Sala E. A novel representation of inter-site tumour heterogeneity from pre-treatment computed tomography textures classifies ovarian cancers by clinical outcome. Eur Radiol 2017; 27:3991-4001. [PMID: 28289945 PMCID: PMC5545058 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-017-4779-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the associations between clinical outcomes and radiomics-derived inter-site spatial heterogeneity metrics across multiple metastatic lesions on CT in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). METHODS IRB-approved retrospective study of 38 HGSOC patients. All sites of suspected HGSOC involvement on preoperative CT were manually segmented. Gray-level correlation matrix-based textures were computed from each tumour site, and grouped into five clusters using a Gaussian Mixture Model. Pairwise inter-site similarities were computed, generating an inter-site similarity matrix (ISM). Inter-site texture heterogeneity metrics were computed from the ISM and compared to clinical outcomes. RESULTS Of the 12 inter-site texture heterogeneity metrics evaluated, those capturing the differences in texture similarities across sites were associated with shorter overall survival (inter-site similarity entropy, similarity level cluster shade, and inter-site similarity level cluster prominence; p ≤ 0.05) and incomplete surgical resection (similarity level cluster shade, inter-site similarity level cluster prominence and inter-site cluster variance; p ≤ 0.05). Neither the total number of disease sites per patient nor the overall tumour volume per patient was associated with overall survival. Amplification of 19q12 involving cyclin E1 gene (CCNE1) predominantly occurred in patients with more heterogeneous inter-site textures. CONCLUSION Quantitative metrics non-invasively capturing spatial inter-site heterogeneity may predict outcomes in patients with HGSOC. KEY POINTS • Calculating inter-site texture-based heterogeneity metrics was feasible • Metrics capturing texture similarities across HGSOC sites were associated with overall survival • Heterogeneity metrics were also associated with incomplete surgical resection of HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebert Alberto Vargas
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Harini Veeraraghavan
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Maura Micco
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Stephanie Nougaret
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Service de Radiologie, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- INSERM, U1194, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Montpellier, France
| | - Yulia Lakhman
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Andreas A Meier
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Ramon Sosa
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Robert A Soslow
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Douglas A Levine
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Britta Weigelt
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Carol Aghajanian
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Hedvig Hricak
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Joseph Deasy
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Alexandra Snyder
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Evis Sala
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
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Orzechowska BU, Jędryka M, Zwolińska K, Matkowski R. VSV based virotherapy in ovarian cancer: the past, the present and …future? J Cancer 2017; 8:2369-2383. [PMID: 28819441 PMCID: PMC5560156 DOI: 10.7150/jca.19473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The standard approach to treating patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) after primary debulking surgery remains taxane and platinum-based chemotherapy. Despite treatment with this strategy, the vast majority of patients relapse and develop drug-resistant metastatic disease that may be driven by cancer stem cells (CSCs) or cancer initiating cells (CICs). Oncolytic viruses circumvent typical drug-resistance mechanisms, therefore they may provide a safe and effective alternative treatment for chemotherapy-resistant CSCs/CICs. Among oncolytic viruses vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has demonstrated oncolysis and preferential replication in cancer cells. In this review, we summarize the recent findings regarding existing knowledge on biology of the ovarian cancer and the role of ovarian CSCs (OCSCs) in tumor dissemination and chemoresistance. In addition we also present an overview of recent advances in ovarian cancer therapies with oncolytic viruses (OV). We focus particularly on key genetic or immune response pathways involved in tumorigenesis in ovarian cancer which facilitate oncolytic activity of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). We highlight the prospects of targeting OCSCs with VSV. The importance of testing an emerging ovarian cancer animal models and ovarian cancer cell culture conditions influencing oncolytic efficacy of VSV is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Urszula Orzechowska
- Laboratory of Virology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Jędryka
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Gynaecological Oncology, Chemotherapy and Department of Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wrocław, Poland
- Lower Silesian Oncology Centre, Wroclaw, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Zwolińska
- Laboratory of Virology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Matkowski
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Gynaecological Oncology, Chemotherapy and Department of Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wrocław, Poland
- Lower Silesian Oncology Centre, Wroclaw, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wrocław, Poland
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Braga EA, Fridman MV, Kushlinskii NE. Molecular Mechanisms of Ovarian Carcinoma Metastasis: Key Genes and Regulatory MicroRNAs. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2017; 82:529-541. [PMID: 28601063 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297917050017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis of primary tumors progresses stepwise - from change in biochemistry, morphology, and migratory patterns of tumor cells to the emergence of receptors on their surface that facilitate directional migration to target organs followed by the formation of a specific microenvironment in a target organ that helps attachment and survival of metastatic cells. A set of specific genes and signaling pathways mediate this process under control of microRNA. The molecular mechanisms underlying biological processes associated with tumor metastasis are reviewed in this publication using ovarian cancer, which exhibits high metastatic potential, as an example. Information and data on the genes and regulatory microRNAs involved in the formation of cancer stem cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, reducing focal adhesion, degradation of extracellular matrix, increasing migration activity of cancer cells, formation of spheroids, apoptosis, autophagy, angiogenesis, formation of metastases, and development of ascites are presented. Clusters of microRNAs (miR-145, miR-31, miR-506, miR-101) most essential for metastasis of ovarian cancer including the families of microRNAs (miR-200, miR-214, miR-25) with dual role, which is different in different histological types of ovarian cancer, are discussed in detail in a section of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Braga
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, 125315, Russia.
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Abstract
Background Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) #162200) is an autosomal dominantly inherited tumour predisposition syndrome. Heritable constitutional mutations in the NF1 gene result in dysregulation of the RAS/MAPK pathway and are causative of NF1. The major known function of the NF1 gene product neurofibromin is to downregulate RAS. NF1 exhibits variable clinical expression and is characterized by benign cutaneous lesions including neurofibromas and café-au-lait macules, as well as a predisposition to various types of malignancy, such as breast cancer and leukaemia. However, acquired somatic mutations in NF1 are also found in a wide variety of malignant neoplasms that are not associated with NF1. Main body Capitalizing upon the availability of next-generation sequencing data from cancer genomes and exomes, we review current knowledge of somatic NF1 mutations in a wide variety of tumours occurring at a number of different sites: breast, colorectum, urothelium, lung, ovary, skin, brain and neuroendocrine tissues, as well as leukaemias, in an attempt to understand their broader role and significance, and with a view ultimately to exploiting this in a diagnostic and therapeutic context. Conclusion As neurofibromin activity is a key to regulating the RAS/MAPK pathway, NF1 mutations are important in the acquisition of drug resistance, to BRAF, EGFR inhibitors, tamoxifen and retinoic acid in melanoma, lung and breast cancers and neuroblastoma. Other curiosities are observed, such as a high rate of somatic NF1 mutation in cutaneous melanoma, lung cancer, ovarian carcinoma and glioblastoma which are not usually associated with neurofibromatosis type 1. Somatic NF1 mutations may be critical drivers in multiple cancers. The mutational landscape of somatic NF1 mutations should provide novel insights into our understanding of the pathophysiology of cancer. The identification of high frequency of somatic NF1 mutations in sporadic tumours indicates that neurofibromin is likely to play a critical role in development, far beyond that evident in the tumour predisposition syndrome NF1.
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