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Wu X, Sun X, Deng W, Xu R, Zhao Q. Combination therapy of targeting CD20 antibody and immune checkpoint inhibitor may be a breakthrough in the treatment of B-cell lymphoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34068. [PMID: 39130438 PMCID: PMC11315150 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background CD20 is a membrane protein extensively expressed on the surface of B cells at various stages of development and differentiation. Herein, we conducted a bibliometrics analysis of the literature on CD20-targeting antibody therapy in lymphoma. Methods A total of 6663 articles were downloaded from the web of science core collection (WOSCC) from 1999 to July 23, 2022. Bibliometric.com was used for citation and annual publications analysis. VOSviewer was used to map countries/institutions/authors/journals nodes and links, extract hotspot keywords, and analyze the time trend of keywords. Citespace was employed to recognize the turning points based on the centrality value of countries, define the topic distribution of academics according to the map of dual-map overlay of journals, and characterize the emerging topics or landmark articles in a field based on references citation bursts. Results All articles were cited 225,032 times, averaging 33.77. The number of articles increased from 1999 to 2002, while the growth rate entered the platform after 2002. The USA was the most publication country, and China was the largest emerging country. Hotspots in this field still focus on the efficacy of rituximab in treating non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and the pathogenesis of lymphoma Application of generation CD-20 antibodies or molecule inhibitors in clinical research and cellular therapy/immunotherapy, such as CAR-T and PDL1/PD1 were the emerging research topics. Conclusion This study provides essential information and the tendency of the CD20-targeting antibody therapy in lymphoma by using bibliometric and visual methods, which would provide helpful references for clinical experiments and basic scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Xiaoying Sun
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 528406, China
- The First Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Woding Deng
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Pathology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University(The First People's Hospital of Changde City), Changde, 415003, Hunan, China
| | - Qiangqiang Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Liuzhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, 545026, China
- Department of Hematology, The Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, 810007, China
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Zamanian M, Albano D, Treglia G, Rizzo A, Abedi I. The Clinical Role of CXCR4-Targeted PET on Lymphoproliferative Disorders: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2945. [PMID: 38792485 PMCID: PMC11122120 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: We conducted a comprehensive investigation to explore the pathological expression of the CXCR4 receptor in lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) using [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT or PET/MRI technology. The PICO question was as follows: What is the diagnostic role (outcome) of [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET (intervention) in patients with LPDs (problem/population)? Methods: The study was written based on the reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, and it was registered on the prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) website (CRD42024506866). A comprehensive computer literature search of Scopus, MEDLINE, Scholar, and Embase databases was conducted, including articles indexed up to February 2024. To the methodological evaluation of the studies used the quality assessment of diagnosis accuracy studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool. Results: Of the 8380 records discovered, 23 were suitable for systematic review. Fifteen studies (on 571 LPD patients) focused on diagnosis and staging, and eight trials (194 LPD patients) assessed treatment response. Conclusions: The main conclusions that can be inferred from the published studies are as follows: (a) [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET may have excellent diagnostic performance in the study of several LPDs; (b) [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET may be superior to [18F]FDG or complementary in some LPDs variants and settings; (c) multiple myeloma seems to have a high uptake of [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor. Overall, this technique is probably suitable for imaging, staging, and follow-up on patients with LPD. Due to limited data, further studies are warranted to confirm the promising role of [68Ga]Ga-Pantixafor in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zamanian
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran; (M.Z.); (I.A.)
| | - Domenico Albano
- Nuclear Medicine, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia, 25128 Brescia, Italy;
- Nuclear Medicine Department, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Treglia
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alessio Rizzo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Turin, Italy;
| | - Iraj Abedi
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran; (M.Z.); (I.A.)
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Soong D, Taylor J. New Targeted Therapy Combination Holds Promise to Untangle Hairy Cell Leukemia. NEJM EVIDENCE 2023; 2:EVIDe2300173. [PMID: 38320184 DOI: 10.1056/evide2300173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is an uncommon B-cell neoplasm uniquely characterized by a high prevalence of the BRAFV600E mutation, which leads to constitutive activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.1 In fact, the BRAFV600E point mutation is identified in nearly all cases of HCL; however, it is absent in HCL variant (vHCL) and rare in other B-cell neoplasms.2,3 Notably, in contrast to melanoma or other BRAF mutant solid tumors, HCL exhibits very few other mutations, potentially explaining the high response rates observed in patients treated with mutant BRAF-targeted agents, such as vemurafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Soong
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami
| | - Justin Taylor
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami
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4
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Basu B, Angeletti A, Islam B, Ghiggeri GM. New and Old Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibodies for Nephrotic Syndrome. Where We Are? Front Immunol 2022; 13:805697. [PMID: 35222385 PMCID: PMC8873567 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.805697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephrotic proteinuria is the hallmark of several glomerulonephritis determined by different pathogenetic mechanisms, including autoimmune, degenerative and inflammatory. Some conditions such as Minimal Change Nephropathy (MCN) and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are of uncertain pathogenesis. Chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies have been used with success in a part of proteinuric conditions while some are resistant. New human and humanized monoclonal anti-CD 20 antibodies offer some advantages based on stronger effects on CD20 cell subtypes and have been already administered in hematology and oncology areas as substitutes of chimeric molecules. Here, we revised the literature on the use of human and humanized anti-CD 20 monoclonal antibodies in different proteinuric conditions, resulting effective in those conditions resistant to rituximab. Literature on the use of human anti-CD 20 monoclonal antibodies in different proteinuric diseases is mainly limited to ofatumumab, with several protocols and doses. Studies already performed with ofatumumab given in standard doses of 1,500 mg 1.73m2 suggest no superiority compared to rituximab in children and young adults with steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome. Ofatumumab given in very high doses (300 mg/1.73m2 followed by five infusion 2,000 mg/1.73 m2) seems more effective in patients who are not responsive to common therapies. The question of dose remains unresolved and the literature is not concordant on positive effects of high dose ofatumumab in patients with FSGS prior and after renal transplantation. Obinutuzumab may offer some advantages. In the unique study performed in patients with multidrug dependent nephrotic syndrome reporting positive effects, obinutuzumab was associated with the anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody daratumumab proposing the unexplored frontier of combined therapies. Obinutuzumab represent an evolution also in the treatment of autoimmune glomerulonephritis, such as membranous nephrotahy and lupus nephritis. Results of randomized trials, now in progress, are awaited to add new possibilities in those cases that are resistant to other drugs. The aim of the present review is to open a discussion among nephrologists, with the hope to achieve shared approaches in terms of type of antibodies and doses in the different proteinuric renal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswanath Basu
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Nilratan Sircar (NRS) Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Andrea Angeletti
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation, IstitutoGianninaGaslini Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Genoa, Italy
- Laboratory on Molecular Nephrology, IstitutoGianninaGaslini Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Genoa, Italy
| | - Bilkish Islam
- Department of Pediatrics, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Gian Marco Ghiggeri
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation, IstitutoGianninaGaslini Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Genoa, Italy
- Laboratory on Molecular Nephrology, IstitutoGianninaGaslini Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Genoa, Italy
- *Correspondence: Gian Marco Ghiggeri,
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Kostopoulou M, Fanouriakis A, Bertsias G, Boumpas DT. Treatment of lupus: more options after a long wait. Ann Rheum Dis 2022; 81:753-756. [PMID: 35027404 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myrto Kostopoulou
- "Attikon" University Hospital of Athens, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Attica, Greece
| | - Antonis Fanouriakis
- "Attikon" University Hospital of Athens, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Attica, Greece.,First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Attica, Greece
| | - George Bertsias
- Rheumatology, University of Crete School of Medicine, Iraklio, Crete, Greece.,Laboratory of Autoimmunity-Inflammation, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Dimitrios T Boumpas
- "Attikon" University Hospital of Athens, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Attica, Greece .,Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Attica, Greece
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Luo C, Wu G, Huang X, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Song Q, Xie M, Sun Y, Huang Y, Huang Z, Hou Y, Xu S, Chen J, Li X. Efficacy and safety of new anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies versus rituximab for induction therapy of CD20 + B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3255. [PMID: 33547368 PMCID: PMC7864901 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82841-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rituximab combined with chemotherapy is the first-line induction therapy of CD20 positive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (CD20+ B-NHL). Recently new anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been developed, but their efficacy and safety compared with rituximab are still controversial. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared new anti-CD20 mAbs with rituximab in induction therapy of B-NHL. The primary outcomes are progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), additional outcomes include event-free survival (EFS), disease-free survival (DFS), overall response rate (ORR), complete response rate (CRR) and incidences of adverse events (AEs). Time-to-event data were pooled as hazard ratios (HRs) using the generic inverse-variance method and dichotomous outcomes were pooled as odds ratios (ORs) using the Mantel-Haenszel method with their respective 95% confidence interval (CI). Eleven RCTs comprising 5261 patients with CD20+ B-NHL were included. Compared with rituximab, obinutuzumab significantly prolonged PFS (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.73-0.96, P = 0.01), had no improvement on OS, ORR, and CRR, but increased the incidences of serious AEs (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.13-1.48, P < 0.001). Ofatumumab was inferior to rituximab in consideration of ORR (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.55-0.96, P = 0.02), and had no significant differences with rituximab in regard to PFS, OS and CRR. 131I-tositumomab yielded similar PFS, OS, ORR and CRR with rituximab. 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan increased ORR (OR 3.07, 95% CI 1.47-6.43, P = 0.003), but did not improve PFS, DFS, OS and CRR compared with rituximab. In conclusion, compared with rituximab in induction therapy of CD20+ B-NHL, obinutuzumab significantly improves PFS but with higher incidence of AEs, ofatumumab decreases ORR, 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan increases ORR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxin Luo
- Center for Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guixian Wu
- Center for Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangtao Huang
- Center for Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanni Ma
- Center for Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Center for Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiuyue Song
- Department of Health Statistics, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingling Xie
- Center for Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanni Sun
- Center for Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yarui Huang
- Center for Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Center for Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Hou
- Center for Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuangnian Xu
- Center for Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jieping Chen
- Center for Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xi Li
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Despite ground-breaking innovations for most autoimmune diseases, the treatment of lupus nephritis has remained largely the same for decades because none of the tested drugs demonstrated superiority over standard-of-care in randomized controlled clinical trials. RECENT FINDINGS Recently, the Belimumab in Subjects with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Lupus Nephritis trial tested belimumab, an inhibitor of B-cell activating factor, as an add-on therapy to steroids and either mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or cyclophosphamide when given IV monthly over a period of 104 weeks at an effect size of 11% for a Primary Efficacy Renal Response. The NOBILITY trial reported positive results for the B-cell-depleting agent obinutuzumab as an add-on therapy to steroids and MMF when given IV every 6 months over a period of 76 weeks at an effect size of 22% for a complete renal response (CRR). The AURORA trial reported positive results for the calcineurin inhibitor voclosporin as an oral add-on therapy to low dose steroids and MMF when given twice daily over a period of 52 weeks at an effect size of 18.5% for a CRR. SUMMARY These studies will change the treatment landscape of lupus nephritis. In which way is discussed in this article.
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Generation of a canine anti-canine CD20 antibody for canine lymphoma treatment. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11476. [PMID: 32651429 PMCID: PMC7351721 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68470-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma is the most common hematological cancer in dogs. Canine diffuse large B cell lymphoma shows a relatively good response to treatment with multi-agent cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) chemotherapy; however, the 2-year survival rate is as low as 20%. For human B cell type lymphoma, the anti-CD20 chimeric antibody, rituximab, was developed two decades ago. The combination of rituximab and CHOP chemotherapy was highly successful in improving patient prognosis. However, no anti-canine CD20 antibody is available for the treatment of canine lymphoma. During this study, a rat anti-canine CD20 monoclonal antibody was established. We also generated a rat-canine chimeric antibody against canine CD20 designed for clinical application. This chimeric antibody (4E1-7-B) showed in vitro antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) against the canine B cell lymphoma cell line CLBL-1. Moreover, to obtain stronger ADCC activity, a defucosylated 4E1-7-B antibody (4E1-7-B_f) was also generated, and it showed tenfold stronger ADCC activity compared with 4E1-7-B. 4E1-7-B_f as well as 4E1-7-B suppressed the growth of CLBL-1 tumors in an immunodeficient xenotransplant mouse model. Finally, a single administration of 4E1-7-B_f induced considerable peripheral B cell depletion in healthy beagles. Thus, 4E1-7-B_f is a good antibody drug candidate for canine B cell type lymphoma.
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Abstract
In vertebrates, immunoglobulins (Igs), commonly known as antibodies, play an integral role in the armamentarium of immune defense against various pathogens. After an antigenic challenge, antibodies are secreted by differentiated B cells called plasma cells. Antibodies have two predominant roles that involve specific binding to antigens to launch an immune response, along with activation of other components of the immune system to fight pathogens. The ability of immunoglobulins to fight against innumerable and diverse pathogens lies in their intrinsic ability to discriminate between different antigens. Due to this specificity and high affinity for their antigens, antibodies have been a valuable and indispensable tool in research, diagnostics and therapy. Although seemingly a simple maneuver, the association between an antibody and its antigen, to make an antigen-antibody complex, is comprised of myriads of non-covalent interactions. Amino acid residues on the antigen binding site, the epitope, and on the antibody binding site, the paratope, intimately contribute to the energetics needed for the antigen-antibody complex stability. Structural biology methods to study antigen-antibody complexes are extremely valuable tools to visualize antigen-antibody interactions in detail; this helps to elucidate the basis of molecular recognition between an antibody and its specific antigen. The main scope of this chapter is to discuss the structure and function of different classes of antibodies and the various aspects of antigen-antibody interactions including antigen-antibody interfaces-with a special focus on paratopes, complementarity determining regions (CDRs) and other non-CDR residues important for antigen binding and recognition. Herein, we also discuss methods used to study antigen-antibody complexes, antigen recognition by antibodies, types of antigens in complexes, and how antigen-antibody complexes play a role in modern day medicine and human health. Understanding the molecular basis of antigen binding and recognition by antibodies helps to facilitate the production of better and more potent antibodies for immunotherapy, vaccines and various other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Brenda Kapingidza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Krzysztof Kowal
- Department of Allergology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Experimental Allergology and Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Maksymilian Chruszcz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
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Soond SM, Kozhevnikova MV, Townsend PA, Zamyatnin AA. Cysteine Cathepsin Protease Inhibition: An update on its Diagnostic, Prognostic and Therapeutic Potential in Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12020087. [PMID: 31212661 PMCID: PMC6630828 DOI: 10.3390/ph12020087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In keeping with recent developments in basic research; the importance of the Cathepsins as targets in cancer therapy have taken on increasing importance and given rise to a number of key areas of interest in the clinical setting. In keeping with driving basic research in this area in a translational direction; recent findings have given rise to a number of exciting developments in the areas of cancer diagnosis; prognosis and therapeutic development. As a fast-moving area of research; the focus of this review brings together the latest findings and highlights the translational significance of these developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surinder M Soond
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya str. 8-2, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Maria V Kozhevnikova
- Federal State Autonomous Edu-cational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation (Sechenovskiy University), Hospital Therapy Department No. 1, 6-1 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya str, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Paul A Townsend
- Division of Cancer Sciences and Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, and the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK.
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya str. 8-2, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia.
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Lam CG, Howard SC, Bouffet E, Pritchard-Jones K. Science and health for all children with cancer. Science 2019; 363:1182-1186. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw4892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Each year ~429,000 children and adolescents aged 0 to 19 years are expected to develop cancer. Five-year survival rates exceed 80% for the 45,000 children with cancer in high-income countries (HICs) but are less than 30% for the 384,000 children in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). Improved survival rates in HICs have been achieved through multidisciplinary care and research, with treatment regimens using mostly generic medicines and optimized risk stratification. Children’s outcomes in LMICs can be improved through global collaborative partnerships that help local leaders adapt effective treatments to local resources and clinical needs, as well as address common problems such as delayed diagnosis and treatment abandonment. Together, these approaches may bring within reach the global survival target recently set by the World Health Organization: 60% survival for all children with cancer by 2030.
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