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Oz O, Irmak Yuzuguldu R, Yazici A, Kocatepe Cavdar D, Yilmaz C, Ozturk M, Duzel H, Gurel D. The differences between pure and mixed invasive micropapillary breast cancer: the epithelial-mesenchymal transition molecules and prognosis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024:10.1007/s10549-024-07384-w. [PMID: 38955980 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07384-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast is known for its high metastatic potential, but the definition of pure and mixed IMPC remains unclear. This retrospective cohort study aims to investigate the prognostic significance of the micropapillary component ratio and the expression of critical molecules of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), including E-cadherin (E-cad), N-cadherin (N-cad), CD44s, and β-catenin (β-cat), in distinguishing between pure and mixed IMPCs. METHODS We analyzed 100 cases of locally advanced IMPC between 2000 and 2018 and excluded patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Pure IMPC was defined as having a micropapillary component of over 90%. A comprehensive recording of prognostic parameters was conducted. The IMPC areas were analyzed using the immunohistochemical (IHC) staining method on the microarray set for pure and mixed IMPC patients. Pearson's chi-square, Fisher's exact tests, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and Cox proportional hazards analysis were employed. RESULTS The comparative survival analysis of the entire group, based on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), revealed no significant difference between the pure and mixed groups (P = 0.480, HR = 1.474 [0.502-4.325] and P = 0.390, HR = 1.587 [0.550-4.640], respectively). However, in the pure IMPC group, certain factors were found to be associated with a higher risk of short survival. These factors included skin involvement (P = 0.050), pT3&4 category (P = 0.006), a ratio of intraductal component (> 5%) (P = 0.032), and high-level expression of N-cad (P = 0.020). Notably, none of the risk factors identified for short OS in pure IMPC cases were observed as significant risks in mixed cases and vice versa. Furthermore, N-cad was identified as a poor prognostic marker for OS in pure IMPCs (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION The selection of a 90% ratio for classifying pure IMPCs revealed significant differences in certain molecular and prognostic parameters between pure and mixed groups. Notably, the involvement of N-cadherin in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process provided crucial insights for predicting OS and DFS while also distinguishing between the two groups. These findings strongly support the notion that the pure IMPC subgroup represents a distinct entity characterized by unique molecular characteristics and behavioral patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozden Oz
- Department of Pathology, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Izmir, Turkey.
| | | | - Ayse Yazici
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Training and Research Hospital, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Demet Kocatepe Cavdar
- Department of Pathology, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cengiz Yilmaz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mucteba Ozturk
- Department of General Surgery, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hilal Duzel
- Department of Public Health, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Duygu Gurel
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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Wang S, Zhang Q, Zhang T, Mao X. Invasive papillary carcinoma of the breast: A case report. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:300. [PMID: 38765791 PMCID: PMC11099954 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Invasive papillary carcinoma (IPC) of the breast is a rare form of cancer. The current report documents a case of IPC characterized by a large tumor size and skin involvement. Surgical exploration revealed no evidence of axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. Due to financial constraints, the patient opted solely for anastrozole endocrine therapy at a dosage of 1 mg/day for a period of 5 years post-surgery, foregoing other treatments such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Since discharge, 2.5 years have passed, during which the patient has been followed up via phone every 3 months, showing a good prognosis. A literature review indicated that IPC is prevalent amongst the elderly population and can be misdiagnosed due to its morphological, cytomorphological and immunophenotypic overlap with other types of papillary neoplasms. This tumor exhibits a more favorable prognosis compared with IDC, primarily attributed to its advantageous gene and molecular expression patterns, coupled with its decreased invasiveness. Despite limited evidence-based research on the treatment of IPC, the present case report, albeit with limitations, underscores the importance of avoiding over-treatment and suggests the feasibility of combining surgery with endocrine therapy for IPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijing Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Qingfu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Tangbo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Mao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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Oz O, Tasli FA, Yuzuguldu RI, Zengel B, Cavdar DK, Durak MG, Durusoy R. Comprehensive Immunohistochemical Analysis of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Biomarkers in the Invasive Micropapillary Cancer of the Breast. Int J Breast Cancer 2024; 2024:2350073. [PMID: 38903413 PMCID: PMC11189676 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2350073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast is commonly associated with a poor prognosis due to its high incidence of lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastasis (LNM). Our study is aimed at investigating the prognostic significance of the expressions of E-cadherin (E-cad), N-cadherin (N-cad), CD44s, and β-catenin (β-cat). In addition, it is aimed at deciphering the consistency of these markers between the IMPC, the invasive breast carcinoma, no-special type (IBC-NST), and LNM components in the same IMPC cases. Methods: Sixty-two IMPC cases with LNM from 1996 to 2018 were analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining was performed separately on the three regions for each patient. Statistical analyses included Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression, and McNemar's statistical tests. Results: Loss of CD44 expression in IMPC, IBC-NST, and LNM areas was associated with poor prognosis in overall survival (OS) (p = 0.010, p < 0.0005, p = 0.025). Loss of CD44 expression in the IBC-NST, gain of N-cad expression in the IMPC, and loss of β-cat expression in the LNM areas were indicators of poor prognosis in disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.005, p = 0.041, p = 0.009). Conclusion: Our evaluation of this rare subtype, focusing on the expression of key epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) molecules, revealed that it shares characteristics with the IBC-NST component within mixed tumors. Notably, contrary to expectations, a reduction in CD44 expression was found to adversely affect both OS and DFS. By conducting staining procedures simultaneously across three regions within the same patient, a novel approach has provided valuable insights into the mechanisms of EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozden Oz
- Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research HospitalDepartment of PathologyUniversity of Health Sciences, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Funda Alkan Tasli
- Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research HospitalDepartment of PathologyUniversity of Health Sciences, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Resmiye Irmak Yuzuguldu
- Faculty of MedicineTraining and Research HospitalDepartments of PathologyMugla Sıtkı Koçman University, Mugla, Türkiye
| | - Baha Zengel
- Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research HospitalDepartment of PathologyUniversity of Health Sciences, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Demet Kocatepe Cavdar
- Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research HospitalDepartment of PathologyUniversity of Health Sciences, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Merih Guray Durak
- Medical FacultyDepartments of PathologyDokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Raika Durusoy
- Department of Public HealthMedical FacultyEge University, Izmir, Türkiye
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Stępień S, Smycz-Kubańska M, Kruszniewska-Rajs C, Gola JM, Kabut J, Olczyk P, Mielczarek-Palacz A. Clinical significance of the CXCL8/CXCR1/R2 signalling axis in patients with invasive breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:260. [PMID: 38646491 PMCID: PMC11027109 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8)-C-X-C chemokine receptor (CXCR)1/2 signalling axis is among numerous mechanisms which stimulate the immune system to defend against tumour growth and influence the tumour microenvironment to promote tumour growth. This pathway plays an important role in the development of a number of cancers including breast cancer (BC). The aim of the present study was to analyse the levels of the chemokine CXCL8 and its receptors, CXCR1 and CXCR2, in the serum of female patients with invasive BC and to assess the expression of these parameters at the mRNA level, considering molecular subtypes and degrees of cancer malignancy. The study group consisted of 62 patients with histopathologically confirmed invasive BC. The control group consisted of 18 patients with histopathologically confirmed fibroadenoma, a benign breast tumour. The levels of CXCL8, CXCR1 and CXCR2 were determined by sandwich ELISA using the CLOUD-CLONE ELISA kit. CXCL8, CXCR1 and CXCR2 transcript levels were analysed using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Results showed that serum CXCL8 levels in female patients with invasive BC were significantly higher compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). In addition, significantly elevated CXCR1 levels were observed in luminal B human epidermal growth factor receptor 2+ carcinoma compared with those in the control group. Analysis of CXCL8 in the serum of female patients with BC showed a statistically significant difference between clinical stage G1 and G2 (P<0.05), G2 and G3 (P<0.01), and G1 and G3 (P<0.0001). On the other hand, the analysis of CXCR1 and CXCR2 levels in the serum of the patients revealed a statistically significant difference between G2 and G3 (P<0.05). The current study showed that abnormalities in the immune response involving the CXCL8-CXCR1/2 signalling axis in patients with invasive BC are involved in the development of these tumours. Moreover, the demonstrated severity of changes occurring at protein level may suggest the potential usefulness of their determination as potential diagnostic markers in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Stępień
- Department of Immunology and Serology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marta Smycz-Kubańska
- Department of Immunology and Serology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Celina Kruszniewska-Rajs
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Magdalena Gola
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Jacek Kabut
- Department of Immunology and Serology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Paweł Olczyk
- Department of Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz
- Department of Immunology and Serology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
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Lam AHK, Co MTH, Kwong A. Rare Breast Cancer Histotypes-A Retrospective Study and Literature Review. J Clin Med 2024; 13:643. [PMID: 38337337 PMCID: PMC10856513 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women globally and can be classified according to various histological subtypes. Current treatment strategies are typically based on the cancer stage and molecular subtypes. This article aims to address the knowledge gap in the understanding of rare breast cancer. A retrospective study was conducted on 4393 breast cancer patients diagnosed from 1992 to 2012, focusing on five rare subtypes: mucinous, invasive lobular, papillary, mixed invasive and lobular, and pure tubular/cribriform carcinomas. Our analysis, supplemented by a literature review, compared patient characteristics, disease characteristics, and survival outcomes of rare breast cancer patients with invasive carcinoma (not otherwise specified (NOS)). Comparative analysis revealed no significant difference in overall survival rates between these rare cancers and the more common invasive carcinoma (NOS). However, mucinous, papillary, and tubular/cribriform carcinomas demonstrated better disease-specific survival. These subtypes presented with similar characteristics such as early detection, less nodal involvement, more hormonal receptor positivity, and less human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positivity. To conclude, our study demonstrated the diversity in the characteristics and prognosis of rare breast cancer histotypes. Future research should be carried out to investigate histotype-specific management and targeted therapies, given their distinct behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ava Kwong
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (A.H.K.L.); (M.T.H.C.)
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Mouadin A, Tahiri El Ousrouti L, Boukansa S, Hammas N, Chbani L, El Fatemi H. Secretory Breast Carcinoma: Report of Two Cases and Literature Review. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CASE REPORTS 2023; 16:11795476231209182. [PMID: 37920370 PMCID: PMC10619349 DOI: 10.1177/11795476231209182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Secretory Breast Carcinoma (SBC) is a rare subtype of breast cancer, predominantly affecting young women, and characterized by hormone receptor-negative and HER2-negative tumors with distinctive histological features, including secretory droplets within tumor cells. This article presents 2 unique cases of SBC, Case 1 involving a 42-year-old woman with triple-negative mammary carcinoma later diagnosed with triple-negative secretory carcinoma, and Case 2 featuring a 48-year-old woman with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma subsequently identified as invasive mammary carcinoma of secretory type. Both cases received diverse treatment regimens, incorporating surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and hormone therapy. The importance of accurate diagnosis and the need for further research to optimize the management of this rare breast cancer subtype are emphasized. Raising awareness of SBC and reporting additional cases can enhance understanding and improve patient outcomes. Additionally, the integration of clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings, alongside specific molecular markers like S-100 and mammaglobin, is crucial for accurate SBC diagnosis. Given the lack of established guidelines for SBC management, collecting additional cases can aid in defining a more effective strategy for diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment, ultimately contributing to advancements in the field. Herein, we report 2 cases of this rare disease that were diagnosed and treated in our institution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Mouadin
- Laboratory of Anatomic Pathology, University Hospital Hassan II, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Laila Tahiri El Ousrouti
- Laboratory of Anatomic Pathology, University Hospital Hassan II, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Sara Boukansa
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Nawal Hammas
- Laboratory of Anatomic Pathology, University Hospital Hassan II, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Laila Chbani
- Laboratory of Anatomic Pathology, University Hospital Hassan II, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Hinde El Fatemi
- Laboratory of Anatomic Pathology, University Hospital Hassan II, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
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Wallrabenstein T, Oseledchyk A, Daetwyler E, Rochlitz C, Vetter M. Upfront Taxane Could Be Superior to Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin (PLD): A Retrospective Real-World Analysis of Treatment Sequence Taxane-PLD versus PLD-Taxane in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4953. [PMID: 37894320 PMCID: PMC10605604 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with endocrine-resistant metastatic breast cancer (MBC) require cytostatic therapy. Single-agent taxanes and anthracyclines, including pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD), are standard treatment options. There are no prospective data regarding optimal treatment sequences, and real-world data regarding both treatment options are limited. Methods: We analyzed electronic records of all patients with Her2-negative MBC treated with either first-line PLD or first-line taxane and subsequent crossover at the University Hospital Basel between 2003 and 2021. The primary endpoint was time to next chemotherapy or death (TTNC). Secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and objective response rate (ORR). We used the Kaplan-Meyer method and logrank test to compare time-to-event endpoints and the Fisher exact test to compare discrete variables. Results: We retrospectively identified 42 patients with Her2-negative MBC who have received either single-agent PLD or single-agent taxane as first-line chemotherapy with subsequent crossover, including 23 patients who received first-line PLD and 19 patients who received first-line taxane. Baseline characteristics were similar between treatment groups. Treatment sequence PLD-taxane was significantly inferior to taxane-PLD regarding all endpoints: median TTNC 4.9 vs. 9.9 months (p = 0.006), median OS 17.8 vs. 24.6 months (p = 0.05), median PFS 4.4 vs. 9.0 months (p = 0.005), and ORR 13% vs. 53% (p = 0.01). Conclusions: Here, we report a first retrospective head-to-head comparison of the treatment sequence PLD-taxane versus taxane-PLD in patients with MBC, showing a substantial advantage of using taxanes first, followed by PLD. An inherent treatment bias in favor of first-line taxanes cannot be excluded, thus calling for prospective validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Wallrabenstein
- University Hospital Basel, Medical Oncology, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland (M.V.)
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Hematology and Oncology, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anton Oseledchyk
- University Hospital Basel, Medical Oncology, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland (M.V.)
| | - Eveline Daetwyler
- University Hospital Basel, Medical Oncology, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland (M.V.)
| | - Christoph Rochlitz
- University Hospital Basel, Medical Oncology, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland (M.V.)
| | - Marcus Vetter
- University Hospital Basel, Medical Oncology, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland (M.V.)
- Zentrum Onkologie & Hämatologie, Tumorzentrum, Kantonsspital Baselland, Rheinstrasse 26, 4410 Liestal, Switzerland
- Medical Faculty, University Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
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Mremi A, Mwakyembe T, Wampembe E, Serventi F, Lodhia J. Primary breast squamous cell carcinoma: A case report at a tertiary hospital in Northern Tanzania. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7586. [PMID: 37346880 PMCID: PMC10279938 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message Primary SCC of the breast is a very rare disease.Metastasis from elsewhere should be excluded first.The tumor is a very aggressive with poor prognosis.No standard treatment approaches are available.Managed by surgical excision followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Abstract Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast is an exceedingly rare disease, and its management is still unclear. A-65-year-old lady presented with a progressive swelling of her right breast that started spontaneously. Other potential primary sites were ruled out. She was kept on a neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (AC-T protocol) of doxorubicin, adriamycin, and paclitaxel. Later, she was underwent modified radical mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection. Her post-operative recovery was uneventful. Currently, she is followed up at oncology outpatient clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Mremi
- Department of PathologyKilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
- Faculty of MedicineKilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeMoshiTanzania
| | - Theresia Mwakyembe
- Faculty of MedicineKilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeMoshiTanzania
- Department of General SurgeryKilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
| | - Elizabeth Wampembe
- Faculty of MedicineKilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeMoshiTanzania
- Department of General SurgeryKilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
| | - Furaha Serventi
- Faculty of MedicineKilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeMoshiTanzania
- Cancer Care Center, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
| | - Jay Lodhia
- Faculty of MedicineKilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeMoshiTanzania
- Department of General SurgeryKilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
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Sadeghi M, Sadeghi S, Naghib SM, Garshasbi HR. A Comprehensive Review on Electrochemical Nano Biosensors for Precise Detection of Blood-Based Oncomarkers in Breast Cancer. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13040481. [PMID: 37185556 PMCID: PMC10136762 DOI: 10.3390/bios13040481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC), one of the most common and life-threatening cancers, has the highest incidence rate among women. Early diagnosis of BC oncomarkers is considered the most effective strategy for detecting and treating BC. Finding the type and stage of BC in women as soon as possible is one of the greatest ways to stop its incidence and negative effects on medical treatment. The development of biosensors for early, sensitive, and selective detection of oncomarkers has recently attracted much attention. An electrochemical nano biosensor (EN) is a very suitable option for a powerful tool for cancer diagnosis. This comprehensive review provides information about the prevalence and pathobiology of BC, recent advances in clinically available BC oncomarkers, and the most common electrochemical nano biosensors for point-of-care (POC) detection of various BC oncomarkers using nanomaterial-based signal amplification techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Sadeghi
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Interdisciplinary Technologies Department, Breast Cancer Research Center (BCRC), Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran 1517964311, Iran
| | - Somayeh Sadeghi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | - Seyed Morteza Naghib
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran 1684613114, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Garshasbi
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran 1684613114, Iran
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EL-Metwally D, Monier D, Hassan A, Helal AM. Preoperative prediction of Ki-67 status in invasive breast carcinoma using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, diffusion-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s43055-023-01007-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The Ki-67 is a beneficial marker of tumor aggressiveness. It is proliferation index that has been used to distinguish luminal B from luminal A breast cancers. By fast progress in quantitative radiology modalities, tumor biology and genetics can be assessed in a more accurate, predictive, and cost-effective method. The aim of this study was to assess the role of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging in prediction of Ki-67 status in patients with invasive breast carcinoma estimate cut off values between breast cancer with high Ki-67 status and those with low Ki-67 status.
Results
Cut off ADC (apparent diffusion co-efficient) value of 0.657 mm2/s had 96.4% sensitivity, 75% specificity and 93.8% accuracy in differentiating cases with high Ki67 from those with low Ki67. Cut off maximum enhancement value of 1715 had 96.4% sensitivity, 75% specificity and 93.8% accuracy in differentiating cases with high Ki67 from those with low Ki67. Cut off washout rate of 0.73 I/S had 60.7% sensitivity, 75% specificity and 62.5% accuracy in differentiating cases with high Ki67 from those with low Ki67. Cut off time to peak value of 304 had 71.4% sensitivity, 75% specificity and 71.9% accuracy in differentiating cases with high Ki67 from those with low Ki67.
Conclusions
ADC, time to peak and maximum enhancement values had high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in differentiating breast cancer with high Ki-67 status from those with low Ki-67 status.
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Ju H, Um E, Kim JI, Park JY, Lee JY, Kim JY, Chang S. A Rare Case of Invasive Cribriform Carcinoma in Male Breast. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2023; 24:e938939. [PMID: 36739475 PMCID: PMC9909612 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.938939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Male breast cancer is a very rare disease that represents 0.6% of all breast carcinomas. Among breast carcinomas, invasive cribriform carcinoma (ICC) is a rare type of breast carcinoma and is more common in older women, with only a few cases in men reported. We present a case of male breast cancer with ICC. CASE REPORT A 58-year-old man presented with a painful and palpable mass in the left breast, which was diagnosed as breast cancer of the ICC type. The patient underwent total mastectomy plus sentinel lymph node biopsy. On the microscope, the tumor was composed of more than 90% cribriform glands with comedo necrosis and dystrophic calcification. On immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, it appeared to be a luminal breast cancer. The IHC staining for c-erb B2 was equivocal (2 positive); hence fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed, and showed no amplification of the HER2/neu oncogene. The Ki-67 labeling index was 30%. The patient received radiotherapy and adjuvant systemic chemotherapy (4 cycles of docetaxel and cyclophosphamide), and has been on antiestrogen therapy (daily tamoxifen, 20 mg) for 30 months with no evidence of disease. CONCLUSIONS ICC is a rare type of invasive carcinoma of the breast, and ICC from the male breast is extremely rare. We report, in this case, the final pathologic results of a male patient diagnosed with ICC breast cancer and treated with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ju
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Eunhae Um
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Jae Il Kim
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, South Korea,Corresponding Author: Jae Il Kim, e-mail:
| | - Ji Yeon Park
- Department of Radiology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Department of Radiology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Ji-Ye Kim
- Department of Pathology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Sunhee Chang
- Department of Pathology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
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Korth‐Bradley JM. Regulatory Framework for Drug Development in Rare Diseases. J Clin Pharmacol 2022; 62 Suppl 2:S15-S26. [DOI: 10.1002/jcph.2171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joan M. Korth‐Bradley
- Clinical Pharmacology Global Product Development, Pfizer Inc. Collegeville Pennsylvania USA
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Disease Behavior and Treatment Response of Special Histological Types of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2022; 22:e892-e900. [PMID: 36130851 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Special histological types (SHT) of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are a heterogeneous group of rare poorly understood diseases. We aimed to evaluate the clinical features, treatment, and outcomes of patients with SHT of TNBC. METHODS We evaluated patients with a SHT of TNBC treated in a cancer center between 2009 and 2020. The endpoints were characterization of clinical and pathological features, pathologic complete response (PCR) rate after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, disease-free survival (DFS), progression-free survival, and overall survival (OS). RESULTS The 132 patients included had the following histologies: metaplastic (n=71), medullary pattern (n=14), lobular (n=12), adenoid cystic (n=12), apocrine (n=10), and others (n=13). Metaplastic, lobular, and medullary pattern tumors had higher grade (66.6-85.7% grade 3); adenoid cystic and apocrine had mainly grade 1-2 (70-83.3%). Metaplastic and lobular carcinomas had higher disease stages (47.8% and 58.2% stages III-IV). PCR rates were 10.3% for metaplastic and 33.3% for lobular carcinomas, with 5-year DFS rates of 56% and 51.4%. Medullary pattern carcinomas had a great response to treatment, with PCR rate of 100%, and 5-year DFS rate of 92.8%. Apocrine carcinomas also had favorable prognosis, with no recurrence after early disease treatment, and 5-year DFS rate of 83.3%. Adenoid cystic carcinomas had intermediate prognosis, with 5-year DFS rate of 66.6%. CONCLUSION SHT of TNBC encompasses heterogeneous malignancies with distinct behaviors. Lobular and metaplastic carcinomas showed high aggressiveness and poor treatment response, while medullary pattern and apocrine carcinomas had favorable outcomes. Treatment strategies focus on molecular features of each of these diseases are warranted.
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Wang X, Xue Y. Analysis of Prognostic Factors and Construction of Prognostic Models for Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma of the Breast. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1072218. [PMID: 36339683 PMCID: PMC9629958 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1072218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare and analyze the clinical characteristics of invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast (IMPC-B) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast (IDC-B) and establish a prognostic model of IMPC-B. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data for patients diagnosed with breast cancer in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2010 and 2018 and screened 581 patients with IMPC and 1325 patients with IDC. We compared age, race, laterality, tumor site, histological grade, type of surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, whether the first primary tumor, T stage, N stage, M stage, and molecular type between IMPC-B and IDC-B and draw survival curves of IMPC-B and IDC-B. The relationship between clinical factors and prognosis was investigated by univariate analysis using the Log-rank test and multivariate analysis of the Cox proportional hazards regression model. A risk scoring model was constructed based on independent risk factors to distinguish high-risk and low-risk patients; in addition, a nomogram was created to predict patient survival. RESULTS There were differences between the two groups in the age of onset, race, tumor site, histological grade, type of surgery, N stage, and molecular type (p < 0.05). Overall survival was decreased in IMPC-B compared with IDC-B (p < 0.05). The prognosis of IMPC-B was significantly correlated with histological grade, whether the first primary tumor, type of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, T stage, and N stage. Based on the relationship between the above factors and overall survival prognosis, the risk score model we constructed can effectively distinguish high-risk and low-risk patients (p < 0.05). The established nomogram had better performance in predicting survival in patients with IMPC-B (C - index = 0.78). CONCLUSION IMPC-B has a worse prognosis than IDC-B, with earlier age of onset, higher histological grade, and later N stage, and luminal breast cancer is the main type. The nomogram can well predict the prognosis of patients with IMPC-B, which has a high clinical reference value and provides a scientific basis for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Wang
- Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710100, China
| | - Yan Xue
- Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710100, China
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Zhu X, Chen C, Guo Q, Ma J, Sun F, Lu H. Deep Learning-Based Recognition of Different Thyroid Cancer Categories Using Whole Frozen-Slide Images. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:857377. [PMID: 35875502 PMCID: PMC9298848 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.857377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The pathological rare category of thyroid is a type of lesion with a low incidence rate and is easily misdiagnosed in clinical practice, which directly affects a patient’s treatment decision. However, it has not been adequately investigated to recognize the rare, benign, and malignant categories of thyroid using the deep learning method and recommend the rare to pathologists. Methods: We present an empirical decision tree based on the binary classification results of the patch-based UNet model to predict rare categories and recommend annotated lesion areas to be rereviewed by pathologists. Results: Applying this framework to 1,374 whole-slide images (WSIs) of frozen sections from thyroid lesions, we obtained an area under a curve of 0.946 and 0.986 for the test datasets with and without WSIs, respectively, of rare types. However, the recognition error rate for the rare categories was significantly higher than that for the benign and malignant categories (p < 0.00001). For rare WSIs, the addition of the empirical decision tree obtained a recall rate and precision of 0.882 and 0.498, respectively; the rare types (only 33.4% of all WSIs) were further recommended to be rereviewed by pathologists. Additionally, we demonstrated that the performance of our framework was comparable to that of pathologists in clinical practice for the predicted benign and malignant sections. Conclusion: Our study provides a baseline for the recommendation of the uncertain predicted rare category to pathologists, offering potential feasibility for the improvement of pathologists’ work efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhu
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer / Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Cancan Chen
- Digital Health China Technologies Corporation Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Department of Big Data, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer / Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhui Ma
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer / Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fenglong Sun
- Digital Health China Technologies Corporation Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Haizhen Lu
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer / Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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New Achievements for the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12115554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) constitutes a heterogeneous group of malignancies that are often aggressive and associated with a poor prognosis. The development of new TNBC treatment strategies has become an urgent clinical need. Diagnosis and subtyping of TNBC are essential to establish alternative treatments and targeted therapies for every TNBC patient. Chemotherapy, particularly with anthracycline and taxanes, remains the backbone for medical management for both early and metastatic TNBC. More recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy have revolutionized cancer treatment. Included in the different strategies studied for TNBC treatment is drug repurposing. Despite the numerous medications available, numerous studies in medicinal chemistry are still aimed at the synthesis of new compounds in order to find new antiproliferative agents capable of treating TNBC. Additionally, some supplemental micronutrients, nutraceuticals and functional foods can potentially reduce the risk of developing cancer or can retard the rate of growth and metastases of established malignant diseases. Finally, nanotechnology in medicine, termed nanomedicines, introduces nanoparticles of variable chemistry and architecture for cancer treatment. This review highlights the most recent studies in search of new therapies for the treatment of TNBC, along with nutraceuticals and repositioning of drugs.
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