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Study of the Interactions of Bovine Serum Albumin with the New Anti-Inflammatory Agent 4-(1,3-Dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-N'-[(4-ethoxy-phenyl)methylidene]benzohydrazide Using a Multi-Spectroscopic Approach and Molecular Docking. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22081258. [PMID: 28749443 PMCID: PMC6152112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The lipophilic derivative of thalidomide (4-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-N′-[(4-ethoxyphenyl)methylidene]benzohydrazide, 6P) was synthesized to enhance its characteristics and efficacy. Earlier studies have proved the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of 6P. In this study the interaction between bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 6P was studied using a multi-spectroscopic approach which included UV spectrophotometry, spectrofluorimetry and three dimensional spectrofluorometric and molecular docking studies. Static quenching was involved in quenching the fluorescence of BSA by 6P, because a complex formation occurred between the 6P and BSA. The binding constant decreased with higher temperature and was in the range of 2.5 × 105–4.8 × 103 L mol−1 suggesting an unstable complex at higher temperatures. A single binding site was observed and the the site probe experiments showed site II (sub-domain IIIA) of BSA as the binding site for 6P. The negative values of ∆G0, ∆H0 and ∆S0 at (298/303/308 K) indicated spontaneous binding between 6P and BSA as well as the interaction was enthalpy driven and van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding were involved in the interaction. The docking results and the results from the experimental studies are complimentary to each other and confirm that 6P binds at site II (sub-domain IIIA) of BSA.
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Godin AM, Araújo DP, Menezes RR, de Brito AMS, Melo ISF, Coura GME, Bastos LFS, Amaral FA, Teixeira MM, de Fátima Â, Coelho MM, Machado RR. 2-Phthalimidethanol and 2-phthalimidethyl nitrate inhibit mechanical allodynia, neutrophil recruitment and cytokine and chemokine production in a murine model of articular inflammation. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:691-695. [PMID: 28550800 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalimide analogs have been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory, analgesic and immunomodulatory activities in different preclinical assays. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of 2-phthalimidethanol (PTD-OH) and 2-phthalimidethyl nitrate (PTD-NO) in a murine model of antigen-induced articular inflammation. METHODS Articular inflammation was induced by intra-articular injection of methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA) in the knee joint of immunized male C57BL/6J mice. The animals were pre-treated with PTD-OH or PTD-NO (500mg/kg, per os, - 1h). Nociceptive threshold was measured using an electronic von Frey apparatus. The total number of leukocytes in the synovial cavity was determined. Concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and CXCL-1 and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were determined in periarticular tissue. RESULTS Both PTD-OH and PTD-NO inhibited at similar extent the mechanical allodynia, neutrophil recruitment to the synovial cavity and periarticular tissue and TNF-α and CXCL-1 production induced by intra-articular challenge with mBSA in immunized mice. CONCLUSIONS PTD-OH and PTD-NO exhibit a marked activity in a murine model of antigen-induced articular inflammation in immunized animals. These results reinforce the interest in the investigation of phthalimide analogs devoid of the glutarimide ring as candidates to analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana M Godin
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Débora P Araújo
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Raquel R Menezes
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana M S de Brito
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ivo S F Melo
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Giovanna M E Coura
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro F S Bastos
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Flávio A Amaral
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mauro M Teixeira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ângelo de Fátima
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Márcio M Coelho
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Renes R Machado
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Bhat MA, Al-Omar MA, Ansari MA, Zoheir KMA, Imam F, Attia SM, Bakheet SA, Nadeem A, Korashy HM, Voronkov A, Berishvili V, Ahmad SF. Design and Synthesis of N-Arylphthalimides as Inhibitors of Glucocorticoid-Induced TNF Receptor-Related Protein, Proinflammatory Mediators, and Cytokines in Carrageenan-Induced Lung Inflammation. J Med Chem 2015; 58:8850-67. [PMID: 26456029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
N-Arylphthalimides (1-10P) derived from thalidomide by insertion of hydrophobic groups were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity, and (4-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-N'-[(4-ethoxyphenyl)methylidene]benzohydrazide 6P was identified as a promising anti-inflammatory agent. Further testing confirmed that compared with the control, 6P treatment resulted in a considerable decrease in CD4(+), NF-κB p65(+), TNF-α(+), IL-6(+), GITR(+), and IL-17(+) cell populations and an increase in the Foxp3(+), CD4(+)Foxp3(+), and IκBα(+) populations in whole blood and pleural fluid of a mouse model of lung inflammation. Moreover, treatment with compound 6P decreased the proteins associated with inflammation including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17, GITR, NF-κB, COX-2, STAT-3, and iNOS and increased the anti-inflammatory mediators such as IL-10 and IL-4. Further, histopathological examination confirmed the potent anti-inflammatory effects of compound 6P. Thus, the N-arylphthalimide derivative 6P acts as a potent anti-inflammatory agent in the carrageenan-induced lung inflammation model, suggesting that this compound may be useful for the treatment of inflammation in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashooq A Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Al-Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq A Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khairy M A Zoheir
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Imam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham M Korashy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrey Voronkov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Digital Bio Pharm Ltd. , 145-157 St. John Street, London, EC1V 4PW, U.K
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University) , 9 Institutskiy Lane, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Oblast 141700, Russia
| | - Vladimir Berishvili
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Nascimento FP, Macedo-Júnior SJ, Borges FRM, Cremonese RP, da Silva MD, Luiz-Cerutti M, Martins DF, Rodrigues ALS, Santos ARS. Thalidomide reduces mechanical hyperalgesia and depressive-like behavior induced by peripheral nerve crush in mice. Neuroscience 2015; 303:51-8. [PMID: 26126925 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been shown that chronic pain is able to induce depressive disorders in humans, in part, due to peripheral inflammation that reaches the central nervous system. However, the mechanisms involved remain to be established. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether sciatic nerve crush could produce depression-like behaviors, in addition to pain-related behaviors, in mice. Once confirmed, this model was used to investigate tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) as a key mediator involved in the pathophysiology of both pain and depression. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Male Swiss mice were divided into three groups, naïve, sham and operated. In the operated group, the sciatic nerve was crushed. Following surgery, animals from the operated group were treated daily by oral gavage (p.o.) with saline (10 ml/kg), fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) or thalidomide (10 mg/kg) for 15 days. Mechanical hyperalgesia was evaluated every 3 days by von Frey filaments and depressive-like behavior was assessed at the end of day 15, using the tail suspension test (TST) and the forced swimming test (FST). Then, samples from the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and sciatic nerve were processed to measure TNF-α levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Crush caused significant mechanical hyperalgesia and depressive-like behaviors and increased TNF-α levels in the sciatic nerve, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of operated animals. Treatment with fluoxetine or thalidomide reversed crush-induced mechanical hyperalgesia, depressive-like behaviors and the increased TNF-α levels in the sciatic nerve, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS The sciatic nerve crush model represents a good model to study to mechanisms underlying both pain and depressive-like behaviors. Furthermore, inhibitors of TNF-α synthesis, like thalidomide, have a potential to treat depressive disorders associated with neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- F P Nascimento
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Pain and Inflammation, Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - S J Macedo-Júnior
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Pain and Inflammation, Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - F R M Borges
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Pain and Inflammation, Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - R P Cremonese
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Pain and Inflammation, Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - M D da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Pain and Inflammation, Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - M Luiz-Cerutti
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Pain and Inflammation, Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - D F Martins
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Pain and Inflammation, Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Neurosciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - A L S Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - A R S Santos
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Pain and Inflammation, Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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LPS-induced knee-joint reactive arthritis and spinal cord glial activation were reduced after intrathecal thalidomide injection in rats. Life Sci 2010; 87:481-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2010.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Leung L, Cahill CM. TNF-alpha and neuropathic pain--a review. J Neuroinflammation 2010; 7:27. [PMID: 20398373 PMCID: PMC2861665 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-7-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 426] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2009] [Accepted: 04/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was discovered more than a century ago, and its known roles have extended from within the immune system to include a neuro-inflammatory domain in the nervous system. Neuropathic pain is a recognized type of pathological pain where nociceptive responses persist beyond the resolution of damage to the nerve or its surrounding tissue. Very often, neuropathic pain is disproportionately enhanced in intensity (hyperalgesia) or altered in modality (hyperpathia or allodynia) in relation to the stimuli. At time of this writing, there is as yet no common consensus about the etiology of neuropathic pain - possible mechanisms can be categorized into peripheral sensitization and central sensitization of the nervous system in response to the nociceptive stimuli. Animal models of neuropathic pain based on various types of nerve injuries (peripheral versus spinal nerve, ligation versus chronic constrictive injury) have persistently implicated a pivotal role for TNF-α at both peripheral and central levels of sensitization. Despite a lack of success in clinical trials of anti-TNF-α therapy in alleviating the sciatic type of neuropathic pain, the intricate link of TNF-α with other neuro-inflammatory signaling systems (e.g., chemokines and p38 MAPK) has indeed inspired a systems approach perspective for future drug development in treating neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Leung
- Centre for Neurosciences Studies, 18, Stuart Street, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
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Abstract
After decades of disuse because of its teratogenic effects, thalidomide has had a resurgence of use as a promising therapeutic agent for multiple myeloma. Its mechanism of action involves activation of the immune system, antiangiogenic effects, and inhibition of cytokines. Thalidomide does not interact with the cytochrome oxidase system. It is not significantly metabolized, but it does undergo nonenzymatic hydrolysis in plasma. The resulting products are inactive. Despite the potential adverse effects of peripheral neuropathy, constipation, deep vein thrombosis, somnolence, rash, and orthostatic hypotension, thalidomide is an effective first-line agent for multiple myeloma in combination with dexamethasone or melphalan and prednisone. It has also been studied in the palliative care of patients with cytokine-based syndromes such as anorexia-cachexia syndrome. This review describes its use in oncology, hematology, and palliative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric E. Prommer
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona,
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Rousseau PC. Recent Literature. J Palliat Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2007.9922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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