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Turco F, Buttigliero C, Delcuratolo MD, Gillessen S, Vogl UM, Zilli T, Fossati N, Gallina A, Farinea G, Di Stefano RF, Calabrese M, Saporita I, Crespi V, Poletto S, Palesandro E, Di Maio M, Scagliotti GV, Tucci M. Hormonal Agents in Localized and Advanced Prostate Cancer: Current Use and Future Perspectives. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2024; 22:102138. [PMID: 38996529 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2024.102138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is generally a hormone-dependent tumor. Androgen deprivation therapy ( has been the standard of care in metastatic disease for more than 80 years. Subsequent studies have highlighted the efficacy of ADT even in earlier disease settings such as in localized disease or in the case of biochemical recurrence (BCR). Improved knowledge of PC biology and ADT resistance mechanisms have led to the development of novel generation androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI). Initially used only in patients who became resistant to ADT, ARPI have subsequently shown to be effective when used in patients with metastatic hormone-naive disease and in recent years their effectiveness has also been evaluated in localized disease and in case of BCR. The objective of this review is to describe the current role of agents interfering with the androgen receptor in different stages of PC and to point out future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Turco
- Department of Oncology, IOSI (Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Canton Ticino, Switzerland; Department of Oncology, University of Turin, at Division of Medical Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Piedmont, Italy
| | - Consuelo Buttigliero
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, at Division of Medical Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Piedmont, Italy
| | - Marco Donatello Delcuratolo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, at Division of Medical Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Piedmont, Italy
| | - Silke Gillessen
- Department of Oncology, IOSI (Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Canton Ticino, Switzerland; Department of Oncology, Universita della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Maria Vogl
- Department of Oncology, IOSI (Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Canton Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Zilli
- Department of Oncology, Universita della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Ticino, Switzerland; Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, EOC, Canton Ticino, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Fossati
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Civico USI - Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Gallina
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Civico USI - Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Farinea
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, at Division of Medical Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Piedmont, Italy
| | - Rosario Francesco Di Stefano
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, at Division of Medical Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Piedmont, Italy
| | - Mariangela Calabrese
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, at Division of Medical Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Piedmont, Italy
| | - Isabella Saporita
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, at Division of Medical Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Piedmont, Italy
| | - Veronica Crespi
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, at Division of Medical Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Piedmont, Italy
| | - Stefano Poletto
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, at Division of Medical Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Piedmont, Italy
| | - Erica Palesandro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cardinal Massaia Hospital, Asti, Piedmont, Italy
| | - Massimo Di Maio
- Department of Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Piedmont, Italy
| | - Giorgio Vittorio Scagliotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, at Division of Medical Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Piedmont, Italy
| | - Marcello Tucci
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cardinal Massaia Hospital, Asti, Piedmont, Italy.
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Zhou Y, Li T, Jia M, Dai R, Wang R. The Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer Stem Cells: From the Past to the Future. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087482. [PMID: 37108647 PMCID: PMC10140972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) continues to rank as the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in western countries, despite the golden treatment using androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) or anti-androgen therapy. With decades of research, scientists have gradually realized that the existence of prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs) successfully explains tumor recurrence, metastasis and therapeutic failure of PCa. Theoretically, eradication of this small population may improve the efficacy of current therapeutic approaches and prolong PCa survival. However, several characteristics of PCSCs make their diminishment extremely challenging: inherent resistance to anti-androgen and chemotherapy treatment, over-activation of the survival pathway, adaptation to tumor micro-environments, escape from immune attack and being easier to metastasize. For this end, a better understanding of PCSC biology at the molecular level will definitely inspire us to develop PCSC targeted approaches. In this review, we comprehensively summarize signaling pathways responsible for homeostatic regulation of PCSCs and discuss how to eliminate these fractional cells in clinical practice. Overall, this study deeply pinpoints PCSC biology at the molecular level and provides us some research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Man Jia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Rongyang Dai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Ronghao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
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3
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Kushwaha PP, Verma S, Kumar S, Gupta S. Role of prostate cancer stem-like cells in the development of antiandrogen resistance. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2022; 5:459-471. [PMID: 35800367 PMCID: PMC9255247 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2022.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the standard of care treatment for advance stage prostate cancer. Treatment with ADT develops resistance in multiple ways leading to the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Present research establishes that prostate cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) play a central role in the development of treatment resistance followed by disease progression. Prostate CSCs are capable of self-renewal, differentiation, and regenerating tumor heterogeneity. The stemness properties in prostate CSCs arise due to various factors such as androgen receptor mutation and variants, epigenetic and genetic modifications leading to alteration in the tumor microenvironment, changes in ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, and adaptations in molecular signaling pathways. ADT reprograms prostate tumor cellular machinery leading to the expression of various stem cell markers such as Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family Member A1 (ALDH1A1), Prominin 1 (PROM1/CD133), Indian blood group (CD44), SRY-Box Transcription Factor 2 (Sox2), POU Class 5 Homeobox 1(POU5F1/Oct4), Nanog and ABC transporters. These markers indicate enhanced self-renewal and stemness stimulating CRPC evolution, metastatic colonization, and resistance to antiandrogens. In this review, we discuss the role of ADT in prostate CSCs differentiation and acquisition of CRPC, their isolation, identification and characterization, as well as the factors and pathways contributing to CSCs expansion and therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Prakash Kushwaha
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Shiv Verma
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Shashank Kumar
- Molecular Signaling and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Divison of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Wang Q, Xu Y, Zeng X, Chen J, He Y, Wang Z, Wang H, Zhu S, Li F. Neoadjuvant Therapy for Locally Advanced or Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer: a Retrospective Comparative Single-Center Study. Indian J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-022-03401-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Pignot G, Walz J. Identifying the relevant population for neoadjuvant chemo-hormonal therapy combined with radical prostatectomy. Gland Surg 2020; 9:495-497. [PMID: 32420282 DOI: 10.21037/gs.2019.12.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Pignot
- Service de Chirurgie Oncologique 2, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Jochen Walz
- Service de Chirurgie Oncologique 2, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
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Abstract
The majority of patients with prostate cancer who later develop lethal metastatic disease have high-risk localized disease at presentation, emphasizing the importance of effective treatment strategies at this stage. Multimodal treatment approaches that combine systemic and local therapies offer a promising strategy for improving the clinical outcomes of patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer. Combinations of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or chemohormonal therapy are considered to be the standard of care in most solid tumours and should be investigated in the future for the treatment of prostate cancer to improve patient outcomes. However, although the combination of androgen deprivation therapy and radiotherapy is a standard of care in high-risk localized or locally advanced prostate cancer, the benefit of chemotherapy or chemohormonal therapy has yet to be demonstrated outside of the metastatic setting. Moreover, the benefit of neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant systemic therapies in combination with radical prostatectomy has not been proved. The development of next-generation hormonal agents, which have been approved for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer, offers further therapeutic possibilities that are being assessed in early-phase clinical trials.
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Pan J, Chi C, Qian H, Zhu Y, Shao X, Sha J, Xu F, Wang Y, Karnes RJ, Dong B, Xue W. Neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy combined with radical prostatectomy and extended PLND for very high risk locally advanced prostate cancer: A retrospective comparative study. Urol Oncol 2019; 37:991-998. [PMID: 31466813 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Docetaxel has been shown to be an effective chemotherapy agent when combined with androgen deprivation therapy for hormone sensitive metastatic prostate cancer (CaP). Since very high risk CaP has a high rate of occult metastatic disease and early recurrence, we hypothesize that patients with very high risk locally advanced CaP may benefit from docetaxel-based neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy (NCHT). Thus, we conducted a retrospective study to identify the outcome of these patients treated with NCHT followed by radical prostatectomy (RP). PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from 177 consecutive patients who had very high risk locally advanced CaP between March 2014 and July 2017. Patients received 3 different therapies: (i) 60 men in NCHT group, (ii) 73 men in neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT) group, and (iii) 44 men received immediate RP without neoadjuvant therapy (No-NT group). Surgical outcomes were analyzed and survival differences were compared by the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS The NCHT group had statistically significant higher preoperative Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) (P < 0.002), higher Gleason score (P < 0.002), and more advanced clinical stage (P < 0.001) than other groups. After RP, 81% (42/52) of patients in NCHT group, 73% (51/70) of patients in NHT group, and 48% (21/44) of patients in No-NT group achieved an undetectable PSA (P < 0.001). A total of 14% (6/42) patients achieving a postoperative undetectable PSA experienced biochemical recurrence in the NCHT group, with median biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS) time of 19 months; 47% (24/51) experienced biochemical recurrence in the NHT group, with median bPFS time of 13 months; 81% (17/21) experienced biochemical recurrence in the No-NT group, with median bPFS time of 9 months (P < 0.001). The median follow-up time of 3 groups was 12.5 months in the NCHT group, 18.3 months in the NHT group, and 22.8 months in the No-NT group (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION Despite having poorer prognostic factors, the NCHT group had better bPFS time after surgery compared to NHT and No-NT groups. Randomized controlled investigations are needed to validate these results and further follow-up is required for survival endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Pan
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenfei Chi
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyang Qian
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinjie Zhu
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoguang Shao
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Sha
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqing Wang
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Robert J Karnes
- Department of Urology, Department of Urology, Mayo Medical School and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Baijun Dong
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Narita S, Nara T, Kanda S, Numakura K, Saito M, Inoue T, Satoh S, Nanjo H, Tsuchiya N, Mitsuzuka K, Koie T, Kawamura S, Ohyama C, Tochigi T, Arai Y, Habuchi T. Radical Prostatectomy With and Without Neoadjuvant Chemohormonal Pretreatment for High-Risk Localized Prostate Cancer: A Comparative Propensity Score Matched Analysis. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2018; 17:e113-e122. [PMID: 30391137 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the clinical outcomes in patients with high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) treated with neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy (NCHT) before radical prostatectomy (RP). PATIENTS AND METHODS Our NCHT protocol involved complete androgen blockade followed by 6 cycles of docetaxel (30 mg/m2) plus estramustine phosphate (560 mg). NCHT was provided to 60 patients with PCa before RP, and we compared the clinical and pathologic outcomes with those of 349 patients with high-risk PCa who underwent RP alone using propensity score matching. The data for those who underwent RP alone were obtained from the Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group database. RESULTS In the NCHT group, 10.0% experienced pathologic complete response, 3.3% had positive surgical margins, and 13.3% developed severe complications (Clavien-Dindo grade III or higher) after RP. The median follow-up duration was 42.5 months, and the 5-year biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival was 60.1%. In multivariate analysis, pN+ was an independent prognostic factor for BCR (hazard ratio = 5.251, 95%CI 1.300-21.201; P = .020). In propensity score matching, the BCR rate in the NCHT group was significantly lower than that in the RP alone group (P = .021). In subgroup analyses, the BCR rate in patients with a single high-risk factor was significantly lower in the NCHT group than in the RP-alone group (P = .027). CONCLUSION NCHT before RP can reduce the risk of BCR in patients with high-risk PCa, particularly if a single high-risk factor is present. However, the potential for perioperative complications should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Narita
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan; Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG).
| | - Taketoshi Nara
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Sohei Kanda
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Numakura
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Saito
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Inoue
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan; Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG)
| | - Shigeru Satoh
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nanjo
- Department of Pathology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Norihiko Tsuchiya
- Department of Urology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan; Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG)
| | - Koji Mitsuzuka
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG)
| | - Takuya Koie
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan; Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG)
| | - Sadafumi Kawamura
- Department of Urology, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Japan; Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG)
| | - Chikara Ohyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan; Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG)
| | - Tatsuo Tochigi
- Department of Urology, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Japan; Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG)
| | - Yoichi Arai
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG)
| | - Tomonori Habuchi
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan; Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG)
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Lin CH, Funayama S, Peng SF, Kuo CL, Chung JG. The ethanol extraction of prepared Psoralea corylifolia induces apoptosis and autophagy and alteres genes expression assayed by cDNA microarray in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:770-788. [PMID: 29667321 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common male reproductive system cancer. The prevalence of prostate cancer in Europe and the United States is higher than that in the Asian region. However, the treatment of prostate cancer remains unsatisfactory. Psoralea corylifolia has been used to cure this disease as Chinese medicine in the Asian region. In this study, we analyzed the components of ethanol extraction of unprepared and prepared P. corylifolia by HPLC. Psoralen and isopsoralen content from the prepared P. corylifolia is twofold higher than that from unprepared, so we use the prepared extraction in this study. However, the effects of the ethanol extraction of P. corylifolia (PCE) on PC-3 human prostate cancer cells remain unclear. PC-3 cells were treated with PCE for different time periods and cells were examined for cell morphological change and total viable cells by using contrast phase microscopy and flow cytometer, respectively. Results indicated that PCE induced cell morphological changes and cytotoxic effect in PC-3 cells in dose-dependent manners. PCE induced chromatin condensation of PC-3 cells dose-dependently. PCE also induced apoptosis and autophagy in PC-3 by western blotting and acridine orange (AO) staining, respectively. Furthermore, a complementary DNA microarray analysis demonstrated that PCE treatment led to 944 genes upregulation and 872 genes downregulation. For example, the DNA damage-associated gene DNA-damage-inducible transcript 3 (DDIT 3) had a 62.1-fold upregulation and CDK1 2.68-fold downregulation. The differential genes were classified according to the Gene Ontology. Furthermore, GeneGo software was used for the key genes involved and their possible interaction pathways. Those genes were affected by P. corylifolia, which provided information for the understanding of the antiprostate cancer mechanism at the genetic level and provide additional targets for the treatments of human prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsin Lin
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Shinji Funayama
- Department of Kampo Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University Saitama, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shu-Fen Peng
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Lin Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, 404, Taiwan, Taichung
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan
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Puente J, Grande E, Medina A, Maroto P, Lainez N, Arranz JA. Docetaxel in prostate cancer: a familiar face as the new standard in a hormone-sensitive setting. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2017; 9:307-318. [PMID: 28529548 PMCID: PMC5424862 DOI: 10.1177/1758834017692779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing knowledge of prostate cancer is leading to many questions about its natural history and to reconsider conventional therapeutic strategies. Androgen ablation therapy has been the standard therapy in the advanced setting. Although docetaxel has demonstrated increased survival in patients with metastatic prostate cancer who had progressed to hormone treatments, due to its potential toxicity the role of chemotherapy has been relegated to patients who were symptomatic or who had high tumor burden. Several studies have assessed whether docetaxel could have a role in hormone-sensitive disease or even in earlier stages with no distant metastases. In the CHAARTED and STAMPEDE studies, docetaxel provides an unprecedented increase in overall survival (OS). This review summarizes the evidence behind the paradigm shift to strengthening docetaxel as a new standard of treatment that prolongs survival in earlier stages of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Puente
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, C/ Profesor Martín Lagos, S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana Medina
- Centro Oncológico de Galicia, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Pablo Maroto
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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Erdmann K, Ringel J, Hampel S, Wirth MP, Fuessel S. Carbon nanomaterials sensitize prostate cancer cells to docetaxel and mitomycin C via induction of apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 8:1307-1317. [PMID: 28690966 PMCID: PMC5496539 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We have previously shown that carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can sensitize prostate cancer (PCa) cells to platinum-based chemotherapeutics. In order to further verify this concept and to avoid a bias, the present study investigates the chemosensitizing potential of CNFs and CNTs to the conventional chemotherapeutics docetaxel (DTX) and mitomycin C (MMC), which have different molecular structures and mechanisms of action than platinum-based chemotherapeutics. DU-145 PCa cells were treated with DTX and MMC alone or in combination with the carbon nanomaterials. The impact of the monotreatments and the combinatory treatments on cellular function was then systematically analyzed by using different experimental approaches (viability, short-term and long-term proliferation, cell death rate). DTX and MMC alone reduced the viability of PCa cells to 94% and 68%, respectively, whereas a combined treatment with CNFs led to less than 30% remaining viable cells. Up to 17- and 7-fold higher DTX and MMC concentrations were needed in order to evoke a similar inhibition of viability as mediated by the combinatory treatments. In contrast, the dose of platinum-based chemotherapeutics could only be reduced by up to 3-fold by combination with carbon nanomaterials. Furthermore, combinatory treatments with CNFs led mostly to an additive inhibition of short- and long-term proliferation compared to the individual treatments. Also, higher cell death rates were observed in combinatory treatments than in monotreatments, e.g., a combination of MMC and CNFs more than doubled the cell death rate mediated by apoptosis. Combinations with CNTs showed a similar, but less pronounced impact on cellular functions. In summary, carbon nanomaterials in combination with DTX and MMC evoked additive to partly synergistic anti-tumor effects. CNFs and CNTs possess the ability to sensitize cancer cells to a wide range of structurally diverse chemotherapeutics and thus represent an interesting option for the development of multimodal cancer therapies. Co-administration of chemotherapeutics with carbon nanomaterials could result in a reduction of the chemotherapeutic dosage and thus limit systemic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kati Erdmann
- Department of Urology, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Jessica Ringel
- Department of Urology, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Silke Hampel
- Leibniz Institute of Solid State and Material Research Dresden, P.O. Box 270016, Dresden 01171, Germany
| | - Manfred P Wirth
- Department of Urology, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Susanne Fuessel
- Department of Urology, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, Dresden 01307, Germany
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Wei XX, Chan S, Kwek S, Lewis J, Dao V, Zhang L, Cooperberg MR, Ryan CJ, Lin AM, Friedlander TW, Rini B, Kane C, Simko JP, Carroll PR, Small EJ, Fong L. Systemic GM-CSF Recruits Effector T Cells into the Tumor Microenvironment in Localized Prostate Cancer. Cancer Immunol Res 2016; 4:948-958. [PMID: 27688020 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-16-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Granulocytic-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is used as an adjuvant in cancer vaccine trials and has the potential to enhance antitumor efficacy with immunotherapy; however, its immunologic effects are not fully understood. Here, we report results from a phase I study of neoadjuvant GM-CSF in patients with localized prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy. Patients received subcutaneous injections of GM-CSF (250 μg/m2/day) daily for 2 weeks (cohort 1; n = 6), 3 weeks (cohort 2; n = 6), or 4 weeks (cohort 3; n = 6). Treatment was well tolerated with all grade 1 or 2 adverse events. Two patients had a decline in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of more than 50%. GM-CSF treatment increased the numbers of circulating mature myeloid dendritic cells, proliferating conventional CD4 T cells, proliferating CD8 T cells, and to a lesser magnitude FoxP3+ regulatory CD4 T cells. Although GM-CSF treatment did not augment antigen-presenting cell localization to the prostate, treatment was associated with recruitment of CD8+ T cells to the tumor. These results suggest that systemic GM-CSF can modulate T-cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(11); 948-58. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao X Wei
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Stephen Chan
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Serena Kwek
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Jera Lewis
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Vinh Dao
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Li Zhang
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Matthew R Cooperberg
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California.,Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Charles J Ryan
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California.,Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Amy M Lin
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California.,Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Terence W Friedlander
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Brian Rini
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology Cleveland, Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Christopher Kane
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jeffry P Simko
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California.,Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California.,Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Peter R Carroll
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California.,Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Eric J Small
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California.,Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Lawrence Fong
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California. .,Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
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