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Mostafa T, El-Taweel AEAI, Rashed LA, Mohammed NAM, Akl EM. Assessment of seminal cystatin C levels in infertile men with varicocele: A preliminary study. Andrologia 2021; 54:e14278. [PMID: 34676572 DOI: 10.1111/and.14278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Varicocele has been raised as a contributor to male infertility supported by the improvement of sperm parameters after varicocelectomy. Cystatin C (Cys C) has been linked to several cellular changes that are common in male infertility cases associated with varicocele such as apoptosis and autophagy. This preliminary study aimed to assess the seminal levels of Cys C in infertile oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT) men associated with varicocele that have been shown to have spermatic vein vasodilation and active death pathway. Overall, 60 men were investigated being divided into two equivalent groups-infertile OAT men with varicocele who underwent varicocelectomy and healthy fertile men as a control group. These men were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, semen analysis and assessment of seminal Cys C pre and 6 months post-varicocelectomy. The results showed a significant increase of seminal Cys C in infertile OAT men with varicocele than the fertile control (55.57 ± 25.6 ng/ml versus 10.78 ± 1.88 ng/ml, p = .001). Seminal Cys C was a significantly decreased post-operative than its pre-operative level (34.69 ± 14.02 versus 55.57 ± 25.6 ng/ml, p = .01). These results show a potential role of Cys C in varicocele-induced infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taymour Mostafa
- Department of Andrology & Sexology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abd El-Aziz I El-Taweel
- Department of Dermatology & Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, October 6 University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Laila Ahmed Rashed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nayera A M Mohammed
- Dermatology & Andrology specialist, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Essam Mohamed Akl
- Department of Dermatology& Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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Kang C, Punjani N, Schlegel PN. Reproductive Chances of Men with Azoospermia Due to Spermatogenic Dysfunction. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10071400. [PMID: 33807489 PMCID: PMC8036343 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10071400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA), or lack of sperm in the ejaculate due to spermatogenic dysfunction, is the most severe form of infertility. Men with this form of infertility should be evaluated prior to treatment, as there are various underlying etiologies for NOA. While a significant proportion of NOA men have idiopathic spermatogenic dysfunction, known etiologies including genetic disorders, hormonal anomalies, structural abnormalities, chemotherapy or radiation treatment, infection and inflammation may substantively affect the prognosis for successful treatment. Despite the underlying etiology for NOA, most of these infertile men are candidates for surgical sperm retrieval and subsequent use in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). In this review, we describe common etiologies of NOA and clinical outcomes following surgical sperm retrieval and ICSI.
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Peng Y, Ouyang L, Lin Z, Zhang F, Wang H, Guan J. MRI findings of nonobstructive azoospermia: lesions in and out of pelvic cavity. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020; 45:2213-2224. [PMID: 31552463 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-019-02232-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) can be caused by various diseases, including congenital disorders, endocrine disorders, infections, tumor or tumor-like diseases, vascular diseases, etc. Diagnosis of the underlying cause of NOA is complicated and challenging. In this study, we introduce an MR examination protocol for the etiological diagnosis of NOA, and demonstrate a series of NOA patients with different causes and imaging findings. Except for lesions of testes, the patients may also combine abnormalities of adrenal glands and central nervous system. In such cases, the patients could benefit from additional abdominal and intracranial scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Peng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshanerlu Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Longyuan Ouyang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshanerlu Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Lin
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshanerlu Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshanerlu Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanjun Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshanerlu Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Guan
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshanerlu Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Liu Z, Lin L, Yao X, Xing J. Association between polymorphisms in the XRCC1 gene and male infertility risk: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20008. [PMID: 32358378 PMCID: PMC7440050 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) might correlate with male infertility susceptibility. This association has been described; however, the findings remain inconsistent. Consequently, this meta-analysis was conducted to characterize the relationship between XRCC1 SNPs and male infertility susceptibility. METHODS/MAIN RESULTS Studies were systematically searched in databases to evaluate the association between SNPs of XRCC1 and infertility in males. The effect measures chosen were the 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) and odds ratios (ORs). A total of 7 studies, including 6 case-controlled studies on XRCC1 Arg399Gln and 3 case-controlled studies on XRCC1 Arg194Trp, were included. Ultimately, the results of this analysis revealed that XRCC1 Arg399Gln SNPs were significantly associated with infertility in males in homozygote comparisons (GG vs GA+AA: OR = 0.614, 95% CI: 0.40-0.937, P = .024). This meta-analysis did not demonstrate a relationship between XRCC1 Arg194Trp and male infertility risk. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism was associated with a significantly decreased male infertility risk, but not XRCC1 Arg194Trp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengsheng Liu
- Department of Urology Surgery
- Center of Diagnosis and Treatment of Urinary System Diseases
- Key Laboratory of Urinary Tract Tumors and Calculi of Xiamen City
| | - Luqi Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University
| | - Xiongbo Yao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Jinchun Xing
- Department of Urology Surgery
- Center of Diagnosis and Treatment of Urinary System Diseases
- Key Laboratory of Urinary Tract Tumors and Calculi of Xiamen City
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Elesawy FM, Abdel Hafeez NA, Abdelsalam OH, Akl EM. Soluble Fibrinogen-like protein 2 plays a role in varicocele induced male infertility. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13626. [PMID: 32350910 DOI: 10.1111/and.13626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Varicocele is the most common cause of male infertility. Several theories have been proposed to explain how varicocele induces infertility. The role of epididymis in male infertility is not fully well established. Fibrinogen-like protein 2 is one of serine proteases and is a potent coagulant in membranous form and immune-modulator in soluble form (sFGL-2) and expressed in the epididymis. There are no previous reports about its possible role in varicocele. This case-controlled study aimed to evaluate the seminal level of sFGL-2 in infertile men with varicocele and in men with idiopathic infertility. This study included 85 participants divided into three groups; 25 normal fertile men, 30 infertile men with varicocele and 30 infertile men of idiopathic cause. Clinical examination, Doppler ultrasound, semen analysis and measurement of seminal level of sFGL-2 were done to all participants. Seminal level of sFGL-2 was significantly elevated in infertile than normal fertile men. Seminal level of sFGL-2 showed negative correlations with sperm concentration, motility and normal morphology. Seminal level of sFGL-2 had a positive correlation with seminal liquefaction time. This study concluded that seminal level of sFGL-2 is increased in infertile men with idiopathic cause and with varicocele induced infertility and affects seminal liquefaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M Elesawy
- Department of Dermatology & Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Neveen A Abdel Hafeez
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Osama H Abdelsalam
- Department of Dermatology & Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Essam M Akl
- Department of Dermatology & Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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Is There a Link Between Saphenofemoral Insufficiency and Varicocele: Imaging Study of Sub-Fertile Men. Nephrourol Mon 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/numonthly.99178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Madhusoodanan V, Patel P, Blachman-Braun R, Ramasamy R. Semen parameter improvements after microsurgical subinguinal varicocele repair are durable for more than 12 months. Can Urol Assoc J 2019; 14:E80-E83. [PMID: 31599718 DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.6047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Varicoceles account for the most common correctable cause of male infertility, with varicocele repair leading to improvements in semen quality. However, there is little evidence to establish the durability of varicocele repair. We analyzed the durability of improvements in postoperative semen parameters following microsurgical subinguinal varicocele repair. METHODS We evaluated all men who underwent microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy from 2015-2019. Patients were included if they desired fertility and had a followup of at least 12 months. We assessed the baseline characteristics of these patients, as well as semen volume, total motile sperm count (TMSC), concentration, percent motility, and morphology. Semen parameters were analyzed at baseline (preoperative) and at approximately three months and ≥12 months postoperatively. RESULTS Of 105 men who underwent varicocelectomy, 18 men had a followup of at least 12 months. These men presented with median age of 34.5 (27-38) years for a median followup duration of 14.5 (13-22.5) months. TMSC levels increased from 6.4 (1.1-24.5) million at baseline to 11.1 (2.4-38.4) million at approximately three months and remained similar at 12.5 (1.6-31.5) million at ≥12 months. The study is limited by its retrospective nature and limited sample size. CONCLUSIONS Microscopic subinguinal varicocele repairs can result in durable improvements of semen quality beyond one year, as demonstrated by upgrade in median TMSC. Further studies should be performed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Premal Patel
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Ruben Blachman-Braun
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Ranjith Ramasamy
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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Ravikanth R. Varicocele with Concomitant Ipsilateral Intratesticular Spermatocele: A Rarity. J Med Ultrasound 2018; 26:224-225. [PMID: 30662157 PMCID: PMC6314089 DOI: 10.4103/jmu.jmu_32_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Reddy Ravikanth
- Department of Radiology, Malabar Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
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Mikhael NW, El-Refaie AM, Sabry JH, Akl EM, Habashy AY, Mostafa T. Assessment of seminal granulysin in infertile men with varicocele. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13066. [PMID: 29896906 DOI: 10.1111/and.13066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Varicocele has a common association with male infertility, but its exact role is still debated. Apoptosis has been suggested as one of the mechanisms of varicocele-associated infertility. Granulysin is a molecule that plays a role in apoptosis with no previous study about its role in male infertility. This case-controlled study aimed to assess seminal plasma granulysin level in infertile patients with varicocele. This study involved 90 men that were allocated into fertile normozoospermic men (n = 20), infertile men without varicocele (n = 30) and infertile men with varicocele (n = 40). These men were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, semen analysis and estimation of seminal granulysin. In general, seminal granulysin level was significantly elevated in infertile men compared with fertile men. Infertile men with varicocele showed significantly higher seminal granulysin compared with infertile men without varicocele, in bilateral varicocele cases and in grade III varicocele. Seminal granulysin level was negatively correlated with sperm concentration, sperm motility, sperm normal forms percentage and testicular volumes. It is concluded that increased seminal granulysin has a negative impact on spermatogenesis in infertile men in general and in infertile men associated with varicocele in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy W Mikhael
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M El-Refaie
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Jehan H Sabry
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Essam M Akl
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Amal Y Habashy
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Taymour Mostafa
- Department of Andrology, Sexology & STIs, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Mostafa T, Nabil N, Rashed L, Makeen K, El-Kasas MA, Mohamaed HA. Seminal SIRT1 expression in infertile oligoasthenoteratozoospermic men with varicocoele. Andrology 2018; 6:301-305. [PMID: 29359516 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In a case-controlled study, we assessed the expressed seminal NAD-dependent protein deacetylase (SIRT1) expression in infertile oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT) men associated with varicocoele. Our study involved 81 men, recruited from the University hospitals, after ethical approval and informed consent. They were allocated into fertile normozoospermic men (n = 23), infertile OAT men without varicocoele (n = 23) and infertile OAT men with varicocoele (n = 35). Inclusion criteria consisted of confirmation of abnormal semen parameters and normal female partners whereas exclusion criteria were leukocytospermia, tobacco smoking, hormonal therapy, immunological disorders, dyslipidemia, hypogonadism, cardiovascular disorders, morbid obesity, and hepatic or renal failures. All participants had an interview to assess clinical history, clinical examination, semen analysis, and estimation of seminal SIRT1 expression. Seminal SIRT1 expression was significantly lower in infertile OAT men than fertile men. Among infertile OAT men, seminal SIRT1 expression was significantly lower in those with varicocoele than in those without. Additionally, seminal SIRT1 expression was significantly lower in varicocoele grade III cases compared with other grades. Seminal SIRT1 expression was positively correlated with sperm concentration (r = 0.327, p = 0.001), total sperm motility (r = 0.532, p = 0.001), and sperm normal forms (r = 0.469, p = 0.001). Our results suggest that seminal SIRT1 expression has a role of male infertility being significantly decreased in infertile OAT men in general and in infertile OAT men associated with varicocoele in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mostafa
- Andrology, Sexology & STIs Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - N Nabil
- Andrology, Sexology & STIs Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - L Rashed
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - K Makeen
- General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M A El-Kasas
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - H A Mohamaed
- Andrology, Sexology & STIs Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
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