Effect of Starch Sources and Protein Content on Extruded Aquaculture Feed Containing DDGS

Optimizing reproductive performance in pangasius catfish broodstock: A review of dietary and molecular strategies

Pangasius catfish, a significant player in the global whitefish market, encounters challenges in aquaculture production sustainability. Quality broodstock maintenance and seed production are impeded by growth, maturation, and fecundity issues. This review investigates the efficacy of strategic nutrient composition and molecular strategies in enhancing broodstock conditions and reproductive performance across various fish species. A notable knowledge gap for Pangasius catfish hampers aquaculture progress. The review assesses nutrient manipulation's impact on reproductive physiology, emphasizing pangasius broodstock. A systematic review analysis following PRISMA guidelines was conducted to identify research trends and hotspots quantitatively, revealing a focus on P. bocourti and fertilization techniques. Addressing this gap, the review offers insights into dietary nutrients manipulation and genetic tool utilization for improved seed production, contributing to pangasius catfish aquaculture sustainability.

A Sustainable Diet for Tambaqui Farming in the Amazon: Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Whole-Body Composition and Fillet Color

The aim of this study was to produce feed based on locally sourced ingredients for tambaqui farming in Amazon. Diets were formulated with increasing levels (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) of defatted black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFL) as a replacement for fish meal (FM), and cassava by-products in the same proportion (tuber residues, peel and leaves). A conventional diet (CO) was used as the control. Juvenile tambaqui (24.61 ± 1.14 g) were housed in 24 tanks in a recirculation aquaculture system. Neither diet rejection nor mortality were observed. Fish fed cassava by-products showed similar feed conversion rates (FCR 1.76); however, these values were worse than those observed in fish fed the CO (FCR 1.33). No differences were observed in the whole-body composition of the fish. The fillets of fish fed cassava by-products had a yellow color due the carotenoids present in the leaves. Dietary BSFL and cassava by-products can contribute to the sustainability of Amazonian aquaculture. Further studies with a lower proportion of cassava leaves in the diet formulation are recommended so as to ensure enhanced diet digestibility and less impact on the color of the fillets.

Effects of extrusion with CO2 injection on physical and antioxidant properties of cornmeal-based extrudates with carrot powder

Carrot powder and cornmeal were extruded at ratios of 0:100, 10:90, and 20:80 with and without CO₂ injection at die temperatures of 80, 100, and 120 °C. The effects of the composition of the extrudate, die temperature, and CO₂ injection on physicochemical and antioxidant properties of extruded products were studied. The results showed that die temperature had a significant effect on expansion ratio (ER), specific length, piece density, color, water absorption index (WAI), and water solubility index (WSI) (p < 0.05). The injection of CO₂ significantly affected the ER, WAI, WSI, lightness, redness, microstructure, total phenolic content, and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging activity of extrudates (p < 0.05). Increasing the proportion of carrot powder in extrudates resulted in better antioxidant properties and higher levels of crude ash, crude fat, crude protein, and redness; however, it resulted in lower WAI, lightness, and yellowness (p < 0.05). The study demonstrated that extrusion with CO₂ injection and addition of carrot powder may improve the nutritional quality and structure-forming ability of extrudates.