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Jiang T, Bai X, Li M. Advances in the Development of Bacterial Bioluminescence Imaging. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2024; 17:265-288. [PMID: 38640069 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061622-034229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) is a powerful method for visualizing biological processes and tracking cells. Engineered bioluminescent bacteria that utilize luciferase-catalyzed biochemical reactions to generate luminescence have become useful analytical tools for in vitro and in vivo bacterial imaging. Accordingly, this review initially introduces the development of engineered bioluminescent bacteria that use different luciferase-luciferin pairs as analytical tools and their applications for in vivo BLI, including real-time bacterial tracking of infection, probiotic investigation, tumor-targeted therapy, and drug screening. Applications of engineered bioluminescent bacteria as whole-cell biosensors for sensing biological changes in vitro and in vivo are then discussed. Finally, we review the optimizations and future directions of bioluminescent bacteria for imaging. This review aims to provide fundamental insights into bacterial BLI and highlight the potential development of this technique in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Jiang
- 1Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Bai
- 1Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- 2School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Minyong Li
- 3Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China;
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2
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Guo M, Tian S, Wang W, Xie L, Xu H, Huang K. Biomimetic leaves with immobilized catalase for machine learning-enabled validating fresh produce sanitation processes. Food Res Int 2024; 179:114028. [PMID: 38342546 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Washing and sanitation are vital steps during the postharvest processing of fresh produce to reduce the microbial load on the produce surface. Although current process control and validation tools effectively predict sanitizer concentrations in wash water, they have significant limitations in assessing sanitizer effectiveness for reducing microbial counts on produce surfaces. These challenges highlight the urgent need to improve the validation of sanitation processes, especially considering the presence of dynamic organic contaminants and complex surface topographies. This study aims to provide the fresh produce industry with a novel, reliable, and highly accurate method for validating the sanitation efficacy on the produce surface. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of using a food-grade, catalase (CAT)-immobilized biomimetic leaf in combination with vibrational spectroscopy and machine learning to predict microbial inactivation on microgreen surfaces. This was tested using two sanitizers: sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The developed CAT-immobilized leaf-replicated PDMS (CAT@L-PDMS) effectively mimics the microscale topographies and bacterial distribution on the leaf surface. Alterations in the FTIR spectra of CAT@L-PDMS, following simulated sanitation processes, indicate chemical changes due to CAT oxidation induced by NaClO or H2O2 treatments, facilitating the subsequent machine learning modeling. Among the five algorithms tested, the competitive adaptive reweighted sampling partial least squares discriminant analysis (CARS-PLSDA) algorithm was the most effective for classifying the inactivation efficacy of E. coli on microgreen leaf surfaces. It predicted bacterial reduction on microgreen surfaces with 100% accuracy in both training and prediction sets for NaClO, and 95% in the training set and 86% in the prediction set for H2O2. This approach can improve the validation of fresh produce sanitation processes and pave the way for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyue Guo
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Shijie Tian
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Lijuan Xie
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huirong Xu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Kang Huang
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
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3
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Kim Y, Ma L, Huang K, Nitin N. Bio-based antimicrobial compositions and sensing technologies to improve food safety. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 79:102871. [PMID: 36621220 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2022.102871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Microbial contamination of food products is a significant challenge that impacts food safety and quality. This review focuses on bio-based technologies for enhancing the decontamination of raw foods during postharvest processing, preventing cross-contamination, and rapidly detecting microbial risks. The bio-based antimicrobial compositions include bio-based antimicrobial delivery systems and coatings. The antimicrobial delivery systems are developed using cell-based carriers, microbubbles, and lipid-based colloidal particles. The antimicrobial coatings are engineered by incorporating biopolymers with conventional antimicrobials or cell-based antimicrobial carriers. The bio-based sensing approaches focus on replacing antibodies with more stable and cost-effective bio-receptors, including antimicrobial peptides, bacteriophages, DNAzymes, and engineered liposomes. Together, these approaches can reduce microbial contamination risks and enhance the in-situ detection of microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonbin Kim
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Luyao Ma
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kang Huang
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Nitin Nitin
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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4
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Numerical simulation and experimental validation of bacterial detachment using a spherical produce model in an industrial-scale flume washer. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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A Double-Edged Sword of Surfactant Effect on Hydrophobic Surface Broccoli Leaf as a Model Plant: Promotion of Pathogenic Microbial Contamination and Improvement to Disinfection Efficiency of Ozonated Water. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9040679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic microbial contamination is significantly influenced by the crop surface properties and surfactant use, which are crucial factors for the postharvest washing process. However, there is little information on the interaction between surfactant and food pathogens on food crops. Thus, this study (1) investigated whether the attachment of Salmonella increases as pesticides denature epicuticular wax crystals and (2) tested if the antibacterial effect of ozonated water can be improved on waxy produce surfaces by adding surfactant to ozonated water. As a result, significantly lower levels of Salmonella Typhimurium attached to waxy leaf surfaces than they did to glossy and pesticide-treated waxy leaf surfaces (3.28 as opposed to 4.10 and 4.32 Log colony forming units (CFU)/cm2, respectively), suggesting that the pesticide containing a surfactant application increased the attachment of S. Typhiumurium on waxy leaf surfaces. There was no significant washing effect on waxy leaf surfaces washed with ozonated water. On the other hand, S. Typhimurium were not detected on waxy leaf surfaces after washing with surfactant-added ozonated water.
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Efficacy of Nanobubbles Alone or in Combination with Neutral Electrolyzed Water in Removing Escherichia coli O157:H7, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Listeria innocua Biofilms. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-020-02572-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zhao YM, Patange A, Sun DW, Tiwari B. Plasma-activated water: Physicochemical properties, microbial inactivation mechanisms, factors influencing antimicrobial effectiveness, and applications in the food industry. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:3951-3979. [PMID: 33337045 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Novel nonthermal inactivation technologies have been increasingly popular over the traditional thermal food processing methods due to their capacity in maintaining microbial safety and other quality parameters. Plasma-activated water (PAW) is a cutting-edge technology developed around a decade ago, and it has attracted considerable attention as a potential washing disinfectant. This review aims to offer an overview of the fundamentals and potential applications of PAW in the agri-food sector. A detailed description of the interactions between plasma and water can help to have a better understanding of PAW, hence the physicochemical properties of PAW are discussed. Further, this review elucidates the complex inactivation mechanisms of PAW, including oxidative stress and physical effect. In particular, the influencing factors on inactivation efficacy of PAW, including processing factors, characteristics of microorganisms, and background environment of water are extensively described. Finally, the potential applications of PAW in the food industry, such as surface decontamination for various food products, including fruits and vegetables, meat and seafood, and also the treatment on quality parameters are presented. Apart from decontamination, the applications of PAW for seed germination and plant growth, as well as meat curing are also summarized. In the end, the challenges and limitations of PAW for scale-up implementation, and future research efforts are also discussed. This review demonstrates that PAW has the potential to be successfully used in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ming Zhao
- Food Refrigeration and Computerised Food Technology (FRCFT), School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,Food Chemistry and Technology Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Apurva Patange
- Food Chemistry and Technology Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Da-Wen Sun
- Food Refrigeration and Computerised Food Technology (FRCFT), School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brijesh Tiwari
- Food Chemistry and Technology Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
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Huang K, Nitin N. Food-Grade Microscale Dispersion Enhances UV Stability and Antimicrobial Activity of a Model Bacteriophage (T7) for Reducing Bacterial Contamination ( Escherichia coli) on the Plant Surface. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:10920-10927. [PMID: 32845633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the use of conventional chemical pesticides, naturally occurring biopesticides such as bacteriophages have emerged as a promising solution, but effectiveness of these biopesticides can be limited because of their UV and desiccation instability. This study developed a biopolymer formulation to improve the phage stability, enhance the antimicrobial activity of phages, and prevent bacterial contaminations on a leaf surface in the presence of UV-A. The mixture of microscale polydopamine (PDA) particles with whey protein isolate (WPI)-glycerol formulation was effective for enhancing the stability of T7 phages in spraying solution and on a model leaf surface during 4 h exposure to UV-A and 1 h exposure to the simulated sunlight, respectively. The T7 phages incorporated with the biopolymer formulation effectively improved the antimicrobial activity of phages, as exhibited by greater than 2.8 log reduction in model bacteria Escherichia coli BL21 and also illustrated by significant potential of this formulation to prevent bacterial contamination and colonization of the plant surface. In summary, this study illustrates that phages combined with a biopolymer formulation can be an effective approach for a field deployable biocontrol solution of bacterial contamination in the agricultural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Nitin Nitin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Hamilton A, Harper SJ, Critzer F. Optimization of a Method for the Concentration of Genetic Material in Bacterial and Fungal Communities on Fresh Apple Peel Surfaces. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8101480. [PMID: 32993184 PMCID: PMC7601045 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Apples are the most consumed fruit in the United States and have recently been shown to exhibit some vulnerability to contamination across the supply chain. It is unclear what role a fruit microbiome analysis may serve in future food safety programs interested in understanding changes in the product and the processing environment. Ultimately, sample integrity is key if any of these approaches are to be employed; low microbial loads on apple surfaces, the inability to sample the entire surface, and inefficiency of removal may act as barriers to achieving high-quality DNA. As such, the objective of this study was to identify a reproducible method to concentrate and quantify bacterial and fungal DNA from fresh apple surfaces. Five methods were evaluated: two variations of wash solutions for bath sonication, wash filtration, epidermis excision, and surface swabbing. Epidermis excision returned the highest mean DNA quantities, followed by the sonicated washes and wash filtration. Surface swabbing was consistently below the limit of detection. Based on the quantity of host DNA contamination in surface excision, the sonicated wash solution containing a surfactant presents the greatest opportunity for consistent, high-yielding DNA recovery from the entire apple surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Hamilton
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+1-509-786-9209
| | - Scott J. Harper
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;
| | - Faith Critzer
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;
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10
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Quantitative analysis and influences of contact dynamics on bacterial cross-contamination from contaminated fresh produce. J FOOD ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2019.109771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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11
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Mayton HM, Marcus IM, Walker SL. Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium adhesion to spinach leaf surfaces: Sensitivity to water chemistry and nutrient availability. Food Microbiol 2018; 78:134-142. [PMID: 30497595 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of solution chemistry and growth conditions on bacterial deposition on spinach leaf surfaces using a parallel plate flow cell. Two food safety pathogens of concern and two non-pathogen bacterial surrogates (environmental E. coli isolates) were grown in ideal (LB media) and nutrient-restricted (M9 media) conditions. Bacterial attachment was quantified as mass transfer rate coefficients for cells suspended in 10 mM KCl, CaCl2 and artificial groundwater, and cell and leaf surfaces were extensively characterized (zeta potential, hydrophobicity, extracellular polymer (EPS) composition). Between the pathogens, E. coli O157:H7 attachment was greater than that of Salmonella Typhimurium, attributed to measurable variability in cell surface charge and hydrophobicity. When grown in M9 media, both pathogens were significantly more adhesive to spinach surfaces (p < 0.01) than when grown in LB media. Surrogates did not follow this trend and showed minimal changes in adhesion kinetics and surface properties between growth conditions. EPS sugar/protein ratios were reduced in some of the highest attachment scenarios, suggesting that changes in EPS composition in favor of proteins may play a role. These results show the importance of growth conditions and solution complexities in understanding mechanisms of aqueous bacterial adhesion to food surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly M Mayton
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Ian M Marcus
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Sharon L Walker
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
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Geranium Essential Oil Emulsion Containing Benzalkonium Chloride as a Wash Solution on Fresh-Cut Vegetables. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-018-2177-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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