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Datta A, Nicolaï B, Vitrac O, Verboven P, Erdogdu F, Marra F, Sarghini F, Koh C. Computer-aided food engineering. NATURE FOOD 2022; 3:894-904. [PMID: 37118206 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-022-00617-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Computer-aided food engineering (CAFE) can reduce resource use in product, process and equipment development, improve time-to-market performance, and drive high-level innovation in food safety and quality. Yet, CAFE is challenged by the complexity and variability of food composition and structure, by the transformations food undergoes during processing and the limited availability of comprehensive mechanistic frameworks describing those transformations. Here we introduce frameworks to model food processes and predict physiochemical properties that will accelerate CAFE. We review how investments in open access, such as code sharing, and capacity-building through specialized courses could facilitate the use of CAFE in the transformation already underway in digital food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashim Datta
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | - Bart Nicolaï
- Biosystems Department - MeBioS Division, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olivier Vitrac
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR 0782 SayFood, Massy, France
| | - Pieter Verboven
- Biosystems Department - MeBioS Division, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ferruh Erdogdu
- Department of Food Engineering, Ankara University, Golbasi-Ankara, Turkey
| | - Francesco Marra
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Sarghini
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Chris Koh
- PepsiCo R&D, PepsiCo, Plano, TX, USA
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Lin M, Fawole OA, Saeys W, Wu D, Wang J, Opara UL, Nicolai B, Chen K. Mechanical damages and packaging methods along the fresh fruit supply chain: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:10283-10302. [PMID: 35647708 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2078783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical damage of fresh fruit occurs throughout the postharvest supply chain leading to poor consumer acceptance and marketability. In this review, the mechanisms of damage development are discussed first. Mathematical modeling provides advanced ways to describe and predict the deformation of fruit with arbitrary geometry, which is important to understand their mechanical responses to external forces. Also, the effects of damage at the cellular and molecular levels are discussed as this provides insight into fruit physiological responses to damage. Next, direct measurement methods for damage including manual evaluation, optical detection, magnetic resonance imaging, and X-ray computed tomography are examined, as well as indirect methods based on physiochemical indexes. Also, methods to measure fruit susceptibility to mechanical damage based on the bruise threshold and the amount of damage per unit of impact energy are reviewed. Further, commonly used external and interior packaging and their applications in reducing damage are summarized, and a recent biomimetic approach for designing novel lightweight packaging inspired by the fruit pericarp. Finally, future research directions are provided.HIGHLIGHTSMathematical modeling has been increasingly used to calculate damage to fruit.Cell and molecular mechanisms response to fruit damage is an under-explored area.Susceptibility measurement of different mechanical forces has received attention.Customized design of reusable and biodegradable packaging is a hot topic of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghua Lin
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Olaniyi Amos Fawole
- Postharvest Research Laboratory, Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Wouter Saeys
- BIOSYST-MeBioS, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Di Wu
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Zhejiang University Zhongyuan Institute, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Department of Packaging Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Umezuruike Linus Opara
- SARChI Postharvest Technology Research Laboratory, Africa Institute for Postharvest Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- UNESCO International Centre for Biotechnology, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Bart Nicolai
- BIOSYST-MeBioS, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Flanders Centre of Postharvest Technology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kunsong Chen
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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3
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Naets M, Van Hemelrijck W, Gruyters W, Verboven P, Nicolaï B, Keulemans W, De Coninck B, Geeraerd AH. Time Is of the Essence—Early Activation of the Mevalonate Pathway in Apple Challenged With Gray Mold Correlates With Reduced Susceptibility During Postharvest Storage. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:797234. [PMID: 35633666 PMCID: PMC9133740 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.797234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Apple is typically stored under low temperature and controlled atmospheric conditions to ensure a year round supply of high quality fruit for the consumer. During storage, losses in quality and quantity occur due to spoilage by postharvest pathogens. One important postharvest pathogen of apple is Botrytis cinerea. The fungus is a broad host necrotroph with a large arsenal of infection strategies able to infect over 1,400 different plant species. We studied the apple-B. cinerea interaction to get a better understanding of the defense response in apple. We conducted an RNAseq experiment in which the transcriptome of inoculated and non-inoculated (control and mock) apples was analyzed at 0, 1, 12, and 28 h post inoculation. Our results show extensive reprogramming of the apple’s transcriptome with about 28.9% of expressed genes exhibiting significant differential regulation in the inoculated samples. We demonstrate the transcriptional activation of pathogen-triggered immunity and a reprogramming of the fruit’s metabolism. We demonstrate a clear transcriptional activation of secondary metabolism and a correlation between the early transcriptional activation of the mevalonate pathway and reduced susceptibility, expressed as a reduction in resulting lesion diameters. This pathway produces the building blocks for terpenoids, a large class of compounds with diverging functions including defense. 1-MCP and hot water dip treatment are used to further evidence the key role of terpenoids in the defense and demonstrate that ethylene modulates this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Naets
- Division of MeBioS, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wendy Van Hemelrijck
- Research Station for Fruit Cultivation, Department of Mycology, Sint-Truiden, Belgium
| | - Willem Gruyters
- Division of MeBioS, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Verboven
- Division of MeBioS, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Nicolaï
- Division of MeBioS, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Flanders Centre of Postharvest Technology (VCBT), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wannes Keulemans
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Barbara De Coninck
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annemie H. Geeraerd
- Division of MeBioS, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Annemie H. Geeraerd,
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4
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Research Progress in Simultaneous Heat and Mass Transfer of Fruits and Vegetables During Precooling. FOOD ENGINEERING REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12393-022-09309-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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5
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Berry TM, Defraeye T, Shrivastava C, Ambaw A, Coetzee C, Opara UL. Designing Ventilated Packaging for the Fresh Produce Cold Chain. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Jia B, Yang L, Zhang L, Li X, Liu B, Chen F, Zhang Q. Energy consumption in relation to the number of stacked packages in forced air pre‐cooling of apples. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Binguang Jia
- School of Thermal Engineering Shandong Jianzhu University Jinan China
| | - Luopeng Yang
- School of Thermal Engineering Shandong Jianzhu University Jinan China
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu University Jinan China
| | - Linhua Zhang
- School of Thermal Engineering Shandong Jianzhu University Jinan China
| | - Xiuling Li
- School of Civil Engineering Shandong Jianzhu University Jinan China
| | - Bing Liu
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu University Jinan China
| | - Feiyong Chen
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu University Jinan China
| | - Qiangwu Zhang
- School of Thermal Engineering Shandong Jianzhu University Jinan China
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Chaomuang N, Singphithak P, Laguerre O, Suwapanich R. Temperature control in a horticultural produce supply chain in Thailand and its influence on product quality. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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8
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Tegenaw PD, Verboven P, Vanierschot M. Numerical and experimental study of airflow resistance across an array of sliced food items during drying. J FOOD ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Measurement of Heat Transfer and Flow Resistance for a Packed Bed of Horticultural Products with the Implementation of a Single Blow Technique. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9122151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper provides the practical implementation of the single blow technique as an effective approach of average convective heat transfer coefficient measurement for a packed bed of horticultural products. The measurement approach was positively validated for the case of a packed bed of balls. The presented results cover heat transfer coefficient results for carrots stored in packed beds for two various arrangements (regular and irregular) and bed of apples under conditions of various turbulent intensity at the inlet to the bed. The turbulent intensity (defined as the ratio of the root mean square of the turbulent fluctuation of the air velocity to the mean air velocity) varied from 0.02 to 0.14. The applied velocity ranges for the tests refers to the conventional storage conditions. The heat transfer correlations were proposed based on the obtained results for each arrangement. It was demonstrated that due to flow laminarization inside the bed, the turbulence intensity has no significant effect on heat transfer inside the bed. Heat transfer enhancement of up to 25% was demonstrated for the case of the irregular carrot arrangement in the tested bed. The flow resistance correlations were additionally proposed for the tested beds. It was demonstrated that the product arrangement does not produce an important effect on the pressure drop.
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Piovesan A, Vancauwenberghe V, Van De Looverbosch T, Verboven P, Nicolaï B. X-ray computed tomography for 3D plant imaging. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:1171-1185. [PMID: 34404587 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a valuable tool for 3D imaging of plant tissues and organs. Applications include the study of plant development and organ morphogenesis, as well as modeling of transport processes in plants. Some challenges remain, however, including attaining higher contrast for easier quantification, increasing the resolution for imaging subcellular features, and decreasing image acquisition and processing time for high-throughput phenotyping. In addition, phase contrast, multispectral, dark-field, soft X-ray, and time-resolved imaging are emerging. At the same time, a large amount of 3D image data are becoming available, posing challenges for data management. We review recent advances in the area of X-ray CT for plant imaging, and describe opportunities for using such images for studying transport processes in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Piovesan
- Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Division MeBioS (Mechatronics, Biostatistics, and Sensors) - Postharvest Group, Willem de Croylaan 42, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Valérie Vancauwenberghe
- Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Division MeBioS (Mechatronics, Biostatistics, and Sensors) - Postharvest Group, Willem de Croylaan 42, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim Van De Looverbosch
- Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Division MeBioS (Mechatronics, Biostatistics, and Sensors) - Postharvest Group, Willem de Croylaan 42, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Verboven
- Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Division MeBioS (Mechatronics, Biostatistics, and Sensors) - Postharvest Group, Willem de Croylaan 42, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Bart Nicolaï
- Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Division MeBioS (Mechatronics, Biostatistics, and Sensors) - Postharvest Group, Willem de Croylaan 42, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium; Flanders Centre of Postharvest Technology (VCBT), Willem de Croylaan 42, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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11
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Ambaw A, Fadiji T, Opara UL. Thermo-Mechanical Analysis in the Fresh Fruit Cold Chain: A Review on Recent Advances. Foods 2021; 10:1357. [PMID: 34208183 PMCID: PMC8230901 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In agro-food research and industry, mathematical models are being used to develop and optimize preharvest and postharvest operations, and their use has grown exponentially over the last decade. Generally, transport phenomena (such as airflow, heat, and mass transfer) during the cooling of horticultural products are complex; therefore, the use of computational modeling techniques is a valid alternative to expensive and difficult experiments because computers continuously become more powerful and less expensive, the software is readily available, and once a model is validated, it is a versatile tool to evaluate the effects of the operating and design parameters involved. In this review, thermo-mechanical modeling studies during postharvest handling are overviewed regarding the experimental, analytical, and computational approaches. The airflow, cooling kinetics, cooling uniformity, and the material and mechanical safety behavior of fresh fruit packaging boxes will be analyzed. Current concerns, challenges, and opportunities are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alemayehu Ambaw
- SARChI Postharvest Technology Research Laboratory, Africa Institute for Postharvest Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; (A.A.); (T.F.)
| | - Tobi Fadiji
- SARChI Postharvest Technology Research Laboratory, Africa Institute for Postharvest Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; (A.A.); (T.F.)
| | - Umezuruike Linus Opara
- SARChI Postharvest Technology Research Laboratory, Africa Institute for Postharvest Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; (A.A.); (T.F.)
- UNESCO International Centre for Biotechnology, Nsukka 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
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12
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13
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Recent Advances in Reducing Food Losses in the Supply Chain of Fresh Agricultural Produce. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8111431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables are highly nutritious agricultural produce with tremendous human health benefits. They are also highly perishable and as such are easily susceptible to spoilage, leading to a reduction in quality attributes and induced food loss. Cold chain technologies have over the years been employed to reduce the quality loss of fruits and vegetables from farm to fork. However, a high amount of losses (≈50%) still occur during the packaging, pre-cooling, transportation, and storage of these fresh agricultural produce. This study highlights the current state-of-the-art of various advanced tools employed to reducing the quality loss of fruits and vegetables during the packaging, storage, and transportation cold chain operations, including the application of imaging technology, spectroscopy, multi-sensors, electronic nose, radio frequency identification, printed sensors, acoustic impulse response, and mathematical models. It is shown that computer vision, hyperspectral imaging, multispectral imaging, spectroscopy, X-ray imaging, and mathematical models are well established in monitoring and optimizing process parameters that affect food quality attributes during cold chain operations. We also identified the Internet of Things (IoT) and virtual representation models of a particular fresh produce (digital twins) as emerging technologies that can help monitor and control the uncharted quality evolution during its postharvest life. These advances can help diagnose and take measures against potential problems affecting the quality of fresh produce in the supply chains. Plausible future pathways to further develop these emerging technologies and help in the significant reduction of food losses in the supply chain of fresh produce are discussed. Future research should be directed towards integrating IoT and digital twins for multiple shipments in order to intensify real-time monitoring of the cold chain environmental conditions, and the eventual optimization of the postharvest supply chains. This study gives promising insight towards the use of advanced technologies in reducing losses in the postharvest supply chain of fruits and vegetables.
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Verboven P, Defraeye T, Datta AK, Nicolai B. Digital twins of food process operations: the next step for food process models? Curr Opin Food Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Ajani CK, Zhu Z, Sun DW. Recent advances in multiscale CFD modelling of cooling processes and systems for the agrifood industry. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:2455-2470. [PMID: 32880478 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1809992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Spoilage of agrifood produce is a major issue in the industry. Cooling is an effective technique for extending the shelf life of fresh agrifood produce to minimize spoilage. Due to the practical inability of directly solving the wide spatial and temporal scales in large industrial agrifood cooling systems, the porous medium approach is mostly used. However, improvements of current porous medium models and modeling across much wider scales are needed to better understand the multiscale cooling process and system problems. Recently, as a result of increased computational capacity, multiscale computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling approaches have been developed to tackle some of these challenges. The associated problems and applications of CFD in the design and process optimization of cooling processes and systems at different scales are considered. CFD solution and scale bridging techniques relevant for handling multiscale cooling processes and systems problems are discussed. Innovative applications of various CFD modeling techniques at different scales in cooling processes and systems are reviewed. CFD modeling techniques can be used to handle multiscale cooling process and system problems. Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is a potentially viable discrete modeling technique for complimentary usages alongside current continuum techniques in future multiscale CFD modeling. The multiscale CFD modeling paradigm can overcome the computational resource limitations associated with the direct modeling approach and enhance model extension across wider spatial and temporal scales. Information from multiscale CFD could be used to improve the accuracy of current porous medium models, and thus the design of more efficient cooling systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Kehinde Ajani
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China.,Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China.,Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Wen Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China.,Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China.,Food Refrigeration and Computerized Food Technology (FRCFT), Agriculture and Food Science Centre, University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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16
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Duan Y, Wang GB, Fawole OA, Verboven P, Zhang XR, Wu D, Opara UL, Nicolai B, Chen K. Postharvest precooling of fruit and vegetables: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Cao Y, Gong YF, Zhang XR. Impact of ventilation design on the precooling effectiveness of horticultural produce—a review. FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/fqsafe/fyaa004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Optimizing the ventilation design of packaging system is of crucial importance for improving the efficiency of the forced-air precooling process to maintain the quality of horticultural produce and extend the shelf life in food cold chain. Many efforts had been devoted to the study about the impact of ventilation design on airflow and temperature distribution inside ventilated packages. This paper reviews relevant research methods, commonly used quantities for the measurement of precooling effectiveness, attractive design parameters, and their impact on precooling effectiveness. These allow us to know exactly the characteristic and deficiency of each research method, identify dominant design parameters, and seek a promising way for the future improvement of the ventilated packaging system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Cao
- College of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Fang Gong
- College of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Rong Zhang
- Department of Energy and Resource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
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