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Zeng N, Zhang N, Wang D, Long J, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Pu F, Li Z, Baloch FB, Li B. Regulation of cell differentiation to promote pullulan synthesis in Aureobasidium pullulans NG. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:6761-6773. [PMID: 37698607 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12758-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Pullulan is a polymer produced by Aureobasidium spp. The yield of pullulan production can be impacted by the cellular differentiation of Aureobasidium spp., which changes with alterations in the growth environment. To improve pullulan yield, identifying key factors that regulate cellular differentiation is crucial. In this study, the main form of pullulan synthesis in Aureobasidium pullulans NG was through swollen cells (SC). The results showed that citric acid (CA) can regulate the cellular differentiation of Aureobasidium pullulans NG by accumulating higher levels of CA in the cells to maintain growth in SC form and increase pullulan production. The addition of 1.0% CA to Aureobasidium pullulans NG for 96 h resulted in a significant increase in pullulan production, producing 18.32 g/l compared to the control group which produced 10.23 g/l. Our findings suggest that controlling cellular differentiation using CA is a promising approach for enhancing pullulan production in Aureobasidium pullulans. KEY POINTS: • The regulation of cell differentiation in Aureobasidium pullulans NG is demonstrated to be influenced by citric acid. • Intracellular citric acid levels in Aureobasidium pullulans NG have been shown to support the growth of swollen cells. • Citric acid has been found to increase pullulan production in Aureobasidium pullulans NG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zeng
- College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dandan Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Long
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunjiao Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Yating Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangxiong Pu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijing Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Faryal Babar Baloch
- College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingxue Li
- College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China.
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Exclusive Biosynthesis of Pullulan Using Taguchi’s Approach and Decision Tree Learning Algorithm by a Novel Endophytic Aureobasidium pullulans Strain. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061419. [PMID: 36987200 PMCID: PMC10058109 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pullulan is a biodegradable, renewable, and environmentally friendly hydrogel biopolymer, with potential uses in food, medicine, and cosmetics. New endophytic Aureobasidium pullulans (accession number; OP924554) was used for the biosynthesis of pullulan. Innovatively, the fermentation process was optimized using both Taguchi’s approach and the decision tree learning algorithm for the determination of important variables for pullulan biosynthesis. The relative importance of the seven tested variables that were obtained by Taguchi and the decision tree model was accurate and followed each other’s, confirming the accuracy of the experimental design. The decision tree model was more economical by reducing the quantity of medium sucrose content by 33% without a negative reduction in the biosynthesis of pullulan. The optimum nutritional conditions (g/L) were sucrose (60 or 40), K2HPO4 (6.0), NaCl (1.5), MgSO4 (0.3), and yeast extract (1.0) at pH 5.5, and short incubation time (48 h), yielding 7.23% pullulan. The spectroscopic characterization (FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy) confirmed the structure of the obtained pullulan. This is the first report on using Taguchi and the decision tree for pullulan production by a new endophyte. Further research is encouraged for additional studies on using artificial intelligence to maximize fermentation conditions.
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Akdeniz Oktay B, Bozdemir MT, Ozbas ZY. Optimization of hazelnut husk medium for pullulan production by a domestic A. pullulans strain. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 53:317-330. [PMID: 35715009 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2022.2084625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hazelnut husk is one of the most abundant agricultural residue in Turkey. Valorization of this lignocellulosic biomass would provide a promoting alternative for economical production of pullulan. In this study, dried hazelnut husk hydrolysate was used directly as fermentation medium for pullulan production by a domestic strain of Aureobasidium pullulans. The aim of this work was the optimization of some fermentation medium parameters by central composite design using response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of (NH4)2SO4 concentration, the volume of concentrated H2SO4 and the amount of ground hazelnut husk on pullulan production were optimized by RSM. The optimum levels of the fermentation parameters defined as 7.2 gL-1, 2.5 mL and 20 g, respectively. The maximum pullulan and exopolysaccharide concentrations were determined as 74.39 and 75.95 gL-1, respectively in the optimum conditions. Specific growth rate of the strain was found as 0.097 h-1. FTIR spectral attributes confirmed the structure of pullulan. Thermal decomposition temperature of synthesized pullulan was found as 247.15 °C. This study showed that hazelnut husk was one of the novel substrate for production of the pullulan by A. pullulans AZ-6. No previous work was found to utilize dried hazelnut husk as fermentation medium for pullulan production by A. pullulans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Tijen Bozdemir
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Turkey
| | - Z Yesim Ozbas
- Department of Food Engineering, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Turkey
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Singh RS, Saini GK, Kennedy JF. Pullulan production in stirred tank reactor by a colour-variant strain of Aureobasidium pullulans FB-1. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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5
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Yalage Don SM, Gambetta JM, Steel CC, Schmidtke LM. Elucidating the interaction of carbon, nitrogen, and temperature on the biosynthesis of Aureobasidium pullulans antifungal volatiles. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 13:482-494. [PMID: 33448129 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The combined biochemical impact of carbon, nitrogen and temperature on the biosynthesis of the antifungal volatile organic compounds (VOCs): ethanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol and 2-phenylethanol produced by Aureobasidium pullulans A1 and A3 was investigated using a Box-Behnken experimental design and response surface methodology (RSM). Normalized peak areas derived from solid phase micro extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) analysis, indicated that initial carbon content had a significant influence on the biosynthesis of ethanol and alcohols with greater than three carbon atoms. This result suggests a dominant activity of the A. pullulans anabolic pathway to biosynthesize three higher alcohols via de novo biosynthesis of amino acids from sugar metabolism. Low concentrations of carbon (3-13 g l-1 ) with nitrogen as both ammonium and amino acids in the growth medium resulted in a higher number of significant linear and quadratic relationships. Nitrogen availability and growth temperature had significant negative linear and quadratic correlations with VOCs biosynthesis in most instances. Isolate-dependant metabolic response was evident for all abiotic parameters tested on alcohol production. The findings of this study offer new perspectives to improve the production of key antifungal compounds by antagonists in biological control systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sashika M Yalage Don
- School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia
| | - Joanna M Gambetta
- School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia
- South Australian Research and Development Institute Waite Campus, GPO Box 397, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Christopher C Steel
- School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia
| | - Leigh M Schmidtke
- School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia
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Singh RS, Kaur N, Hassan M, Kennedy JF. Pullulan in biomedical research and development - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 166:694-706. [PMID: 33137388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pullulan is an imperative microbial exo-polymer commercially produced by yeast like fungus Aureobasidium pullulans. Its structure contains maltosyl repeating units which comprises two α-(1 → 4) linked glucopyranose rings attached to one glucopyranose ring through α-(1 → 6) glycosidic bond. The co-existence of α-(1 → 6) and α-(1 → 4) glycosidic linkages endows distinctive physico-chemical properties to pullulan. It is highly biocompatible, non-toxic and non-carcinogenic in nature. It is extremely resistant to any mutagenicity or immunogenicity. The unique properties of pullulan make it a potent candidate for biomedical applications viz. drug delivery, gene delivery, tissue engineering, molecular chaperon, plasma expander, vaccination, etc. This review highlights the potential of pullulan in biomedical research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sarup Singh
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala 147 002, Punjab, India.
| | - Navpreet Kaur
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala 147 002, Punjab, India
| | - Muhammad Hassan
- US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - John F Kennedy
- Chembiotech Laboratories, Advanced Science and Technology Institute, 5 The Croft, Buntsford Drive, Stoke Heath, Bromsgrove, Worcs B60 4JE, UK
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Fermentative Production of Naringinase from Aspergillus niger van Tieghem MTCC 2425 Using Citrus Wastes: Process Optimization, Partial Purification, and Characterization. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 193:1321-1337. [PMID: 32710169 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03385-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis of naringin by the action of naringinase is one of the standard practices adopted in the citrus fruit juice industry for debittering. In the present study, a submerged fermentation condition was optimized for producing naringinase from Aspergillus niger van Tieghem MTCC 2425. As per Placket-Burman design, pH (3-5), incubation temperature (26-30 °C), and inducer concentration (12-18 g·L-1) were the most important factors influencing the naringinase production. Naringin from citrus waste was used as an inducer. A rotatable central composite design was employed on these three variables and the numerical optimization predicted that fermentation at 29.8 °C, pH 4.7, and inducer concentration of 14.9 g L-1 would yield a maximum naringinase activity of 545.2 IU g-1. During partial purification, ion exchange chromatography led to a 9.92-fold increase in enzyme activity resulting a specific activity of 5460 IU g-1 with an activity recovery of 17%. As reflected by SDS-PAGE profile, the partially purified naringinase showed the molecular weight bands of 10-20, 65, and 80 kDa, respectively. The purified form of enzyme showed optimum stability at pH 5 and 50 °C. The naringinase activity was completely retained up to 150 days when stored at 4 °C.
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8
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Ojha SK, Singh PK, Mishra S, Pattnaik R, Dixit S, Verma SK. Response surface methodology based optimization and scale-up production of amylase from a novel bacterial strain, Bacillus aryabhattai KIIT BE-1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:e00506. [PMID: 32742945 PMCID: PMC7388185 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A novel strain KIIT BE-1 isolated from a specialized environment, screened through starch iodine test from a set of eighty-five biodigestate isolates, produced amylase maximally when cultured for 48 h at 37 °C. The molecular and biochemical characterization confirmed it as a strain of Bacillus aryabhattai. It exhibited optimal amylase activity (3.20 U/ml) at 36 h post incubation with a media combination of starch and yeast extract for C-N source respectively. Statistical optimisation by response surface modeling showed R2 values of 0.9645 for biomass and 0.9831 for amylase activity, suggesting the significance of the model. The optimised medium (10.25 % starch, 5.0 % peptone, 5.18 % yeast extract, pH 7.3) enhanced the enzyme activity to 4.16 U/ml (1.39-fold) from 3.20 U/ml of un-optimised medium. Further, the biomass yield and the enzymatic activity in optimized medium and process conditions increased by 1.14 and 1.21 folds subjected to a 5 l scaled-up operation in a lab-scale bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar Ojha
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, 751 024, India.,Pandorum Technologies Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore Bioinnovation Centre, Helix Biotech Park, Electronic City Phase 1, Bengaluru, 560 100, India
| | - Puneet Kumar Singh
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, 751 024, India
| | - Snehasish Mishra
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, 751 024, India
| | - Ritesh Pattnaik
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, 751 024, India
| | - Shubha Dixit
- School of Pharmacy, Lloyd Institute of Management and Technology, PlotNo.11, Knowledge Park II, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | - Suresh K Verma
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, 751 024, India
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Haghighatpanah N, Mirzaee H, Khodaiyan F, Kennedy JF, Aghakhani A, Hosseini SS, Jahanbin K. Optimization and characterization of pullulan produced by a newly identified strain of Aureobasidium pullulans. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 152:305-313. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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10
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Singh R, Singh T, Pandey A. Fungal endoinulinase production from raw Asparagus inulin for the production of fructooligosaccharides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2020.100417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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11
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Carbamoylethyl locust bean gum: Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of its film forming potential. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 149:348-358. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Pullulan production from agro-industrial waste and its applications in food industry: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 217:46-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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13
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Investigating the potential of carboxymethyl pullulan for protecting the rabbit eye from systematically induced precorneal tear film damage. Exp Eye Res 2019; 184:91-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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Singh RS, Kaur N. Understanding response surface optimization of medium composition for pullulan production from de-oiled rice bran by Aureobasidium pullulans. Food Sci Biotechnol 2019; 28:1507-1520. [PMID: 31695950 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-019-00585-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Central composite rotatable design of RSM was used for the optimization of medium composition for pullulan production from de-oiled rice bran by Aureobasidium pullulans in shake-flask fermentations. The sugars from de-oiled rice bran were extracted in distilled water under moist steam pressure and the obtained de-oiled rice bran extract (DRBE) was used for the optimization of medium composition. RSM optimized medium components (DRBE sugars, 3.88%; yeast extract, 0.24%; (NH4)2SO4, 0.06%; K2HPO4, 0.57% (w/v), and pH, 5.22) supported 5.48% (w/v) pullulan production and 0.88 (A600/100) biomass yield. Coefficient of determination for pullulan production (0.99) and biomass yield (0.99) was close to 1.0 which justifies significance of model. Lack of fit for both responses was non-significant, which shows fitness of quadratic model. FTIR and NMR spectral attributes confirmed the structure of pullulan. XRD patterns verified the amorphous nature of pullulan. De-oiled rice bran was found as a potential substrate for pullulan production.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Singh
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147 002 India
| | - Navpreet Kaur
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147 002 India
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15
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Badhwar P, Kumar P, Dubey KK. Extractive Fermentation for Process integration and amplified pullulan production by A. pullulans in Aqueous Two Phase Systems. Sci Rep 2019; 9:32. [PMID: 30631089 PMCID: PMC6328562 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37314-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extractive fermentation technique or in situ product recovery process is a novel technique to segregate the desired product simultaneously in a fermentation process. For economic and high yield production of pullulan, Extractive fermentation process was applied fermentation process of A. pullulans. Aqueous Two Phase system (ATPS) systems were designed with various molecular mass of PEG (400, 600, 4000 and 6000) and dextran or mono/bi-sodium phosphate salts. Systems with short Tie Line length (TLL) 6.7 and 7.5% w/w for PEG-Salt and PEG-dextran respectively were chosen. Volume ratio for all the systems was kept constant at 1.0 and pH 7.0 for PEG-dextran and PEG-NaH2PO4 was maintained, whereas pH 9.0 was kept for PEG-Na2HPO4. A. pullulans, was found to be viable with PEG-NaH2PO4 and PEG-dextran systems. The biomass partitioned in the PEG rich top phase and the exopolysaccharide pullulan shown affinity towards the bottom phase. A maximum yield (36.47 g/L) was found with PEG 4000-Dextran 500 system of extractive fermentation process. The proposed process aptly integrates upstream and downstream process for continuous production and recovery of pullulan from the biomass, thus reducing the time quotient of the whole process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Badhwar
- Microbial Process Development Laboratory University Institute of Engineering and Technology Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Punit Kumar
- Microbial Process Development Laboratory University Institute of Engineering and Technology Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Kashyap Kumar Dubey
- Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, Haryana, India.
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Tabasum S, Noreen A, Maqsood MF, Umar H, Akram N, Nazli ZIH, Chatha SAS, Zia KM. A review on versatile applications of blends and composites of pullulan with natural and synthetic polymers. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:603-632. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Singh RS, Kaur N, Sharma R, Rana V. Carbamoylethyl pullulan: QbD based synthesis, characterization and corneal wound healing potential. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:2245-2255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Tomazetto G, Hahnke S, Wibberg D, Pühler A, Klocke M, Schlüter A. Proteiniphilum saccharofermentans str. M3/6 T isolated from a laboratory biogas reactor is versatile in polysaccharide and oligopeptide utilization as deduced from genome-based metabolic reconstructions. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 18:e00254. [PMID: 29892569 PMCID: PMC5993710 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2018.e00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Proteiniphilum saccharofermentans str. M3/6T is a recently described species within the family Porphyromonadaceae (phylum Bacteroidetes), which was isolated from a mesophilic laboratory-scale biogas reactor. The genome of the strain was completely sequenced and manually annotated to reconstruct its metabolic potential regarding biomass degradation and fermentation pathways. The P. saccharofermentans str. M3/6T genome consists of a 4,414,963 bp chromosome featuring an average GC-content of 43.63%. Genome analyses revealed that the strain possesses 3396 protein-coding sequences. Among them are 158 genes assigned to the carbohydrate-active-enzyme families as defined by the CAZy database, including 116 genes encoding glycosyl hydrolases (GHs) involved in pectin, arabinogalactan, hemicellulose (arabinan, xylan, mannan, β-glucans), starch, fructan and chitin degradation. The strain also features several transporter genes, some of which are located in polysaccharide utilization loci (PUL). PUL gene products are involved in glycan binding, transport and utilization at the cell surface. In the genome of strain M3/6T, 64 PUL are present and most of them in association with genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes. Accordingly, the strain was predicted to metabolize several sugars yielding carbon dioxide, hydrogen, acetate, formate, propionate and isovalerate as end-products of the fermentation process. Moreover, P. saccharofermentans str. M3/6T encodes extracellular and intracellular proteases and transporters predicted to be involved in protein and oligopeptide degradation. Comparative analyses between P. saccharofermentans str. M3/6T and its closest described relative P. acetatigenes str. DSM 18083T indicate that both strains share a similar metabolism regarding decomposition of complex carbohydrates and fermentation of sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geizecler Tomazetto
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory – CTBE/CNPEM, 10000 Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro St, Zip Code 13083-852 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Sarah Hahnke
- Department Bioengineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Daniel Wibberg
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Genome Research of Industrial Microorganisms, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Alfred Pühler
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Genome Research of Industrial Microorganisms, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Michael Klocke
- Department Bioengineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Andreas Schlüter
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Genome Research of Industrial Microorganisms, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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Badhwar P, Kumar P, Dubey KK. Development of aqueous two-phase systems comprising poly ethylene glycol and dextran for purification of pullulan: Phase diagrams and fiscal analysis. Eng Life Sci 2018; 18:524-531. [PMID: 32624933 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201700156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Pullulan is a commercially important Exopolysaccharide (EPS) with wide-spread applications which is produced by Aureobasidium pullulans. The alternative α (1 4) & α (1 6) configuration in pullulan provides it the specific structural and conformational properties. Pullulan is currently being exploited in food, health care, pharmacy, lithography, cosmetics. The fermented broth is processed by organic solvent precipitation for isolation and purification of pullulan. In this study, we have tried to analyze the potential of aqueous two phase system as an alternate technique to extract pullulan from fermented broth. Including this viability of ATPS was also compared with conventional organic solvent precipitation system in terms of cost and time. It was found that ATPS process produced a higher yield of pullulan (80.56%) than organic solvent precipitation method (71.6%). ATPS was also found more economical and less time consuming method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Badhwar
- Microbial Process Development Laboratory University Institute of Engineering and Technology Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak Haryana India
| | - Punit Kumar
- Microbial Process Development Laboratory University Institute of Engineering and Technology Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak Haryana India
| | - Kashyap Kumar Dubey
- Microbial Process Development Laboratory University Institute of Engineering and Technology Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak Haryana India.,Department of Biotechnology Central University of Haryana Mahendergarh Haryana India
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Singh RS, Chauhan K. Sequential statistical optimization of lactose-based medium and process variables for inulinase production from Penicillium oxalicum BGPUP-4. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:38. [PMID: 29291151 PMCID: PMC5745202 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-1060-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A statistical tool of response surface methodology was used sequentially to optimise lactose-based medium and process variables for inulinase production from Penicillium oxalicum BGPUP-4. Two-level CCRD with four variables, for each design, was used for the optimization study. The independent variables: lactose 1-3%, NH4H2PO4 0.2-0.5%, NaNO3 0.2-0.5%, pH 5.0-7.0 (design-1); temperature 25-35 °C, incubation time 4.0-6.0 days, inoculum size 1.0-3.0 mycelial agar discs and agitation 100-200 rpm (design-2) were selected for the present investigation. The optimised medium variables (lactose 3.70%, NH4H2PO4 0.35%, NaNO3 0.35% and pH 6.0) produced 44.44 (IU/ml) and 0.38 (g dry wt./50 ml) of inulinase and biomass yield, respectively. Thereafter, the optimization of process conditions (temperature 25 °C, incubation time 5 days, inoculum size 2 mycelial agar discs and agitation 150 rpm), increased the inulinase production 50.45 (IU/ml) and biomass yield 0.26 (g dry wt./50 ml). The good agreement between experimental and predicted values in both the designs, the coefficient of determination (R2 ) greater than 0.90 and very close to 1.0 shows an appropriate fitness of the polynomial quadratic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sarup Singh
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147 002 Punjab India
| | - Kanika Chauhan
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147 002 Punjab India
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K.R. S, V. P. Review on production, downstream processing and characterization of microbial pullulan. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 173:573-591. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Singh RS, Kaur N, Rana V, Kennedy JF. Pullulan: A novel molecule for biomedical applications. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 171:102-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.04.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Singh RS, Kaur N, Rana V, Kennedy JF. Recent insights on applications of pullulan in tissue engineering. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 153:455-462. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.07.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Sheng L, Tong Q, Ma M. Why sucrose is the most suitable substrate for pullulan fermentation by Aureobasidium pullulans CGMCC1234? Enzyme Microb Technol 2016; 92:49-55. [PMID: 27542744 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper studies the metabolic pathway of sucrose in pullulan fermentation by Aureobasidium pullulans. Because of its high pullulan production, sucrose proved to be the best carbon source for pullulan synthesis by A. pullulans CGMCC1234 (36.3g/L). Compared to other carbon sources, A. pullulans cells reached the stationary phase more quickly in the presence of sucrose. The specific sugar types and concentrations occurring during pullulan fermentation were detected using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). HPLC results revealed that sucrose did not simply break down into glucose and fructose in the medium employed. Kestose (22.69g/L) also accumulated during early stages of fermentation (24h), which reduced the osmotic pressure of the extracellular fluid and diminished the inhibition of cell growth and pullulan production. β-Fructofuranosidase activity strongly depended on the carbon source. Sucrose was the best inducer of β-fructofuranosidase production. However, β-fructofuranosidase production did not directly and/or proportionally correlate with the growth of A. pullulans cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Sheng
- National R&D Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qunyi Tong
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Meihu Ma
- National R&D Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Sugumaran K, Ponnusami V. Statistical modeling of pullulan production and its application in pullulan acetate nanoparticles synthesis. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:867-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Singh RS, Kaur N, Kennedy JF. Pullulan and pullulan derivatives as promising biomolecules for drug and gene targeting. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 123:190-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Statistical optimization of molasses based exopolysaccharide and biomass production by Aureobasidium pullulans MTCC 2195. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2013.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Mehta A, Prasad G, Choudhury AR. Cost effective production of pullulan from agri-industrial residues using response surface methodology. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 64:252-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Statistical studies on high molecular weight pullulan production in solid state fermentation using jack fruit seed. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 98:854-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Sharma N, Prasad G, Choudhury AR. Utilization of corn steep liquor for biosynthesis of pullulan, an important exopolysaccharide. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 93:95-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2011] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kitanovic A, Bonowski F, Heigwer F, Ruoff P, Kitanovic I, Ungewiss C, Wölfl S. Acetic acid treatment in S. cerevisiae creates significant energy deficiency and nutrient starvation that is dependent on the activity of the mitochondrial transcriptional complex Hap2-3-4-5. Front Oncol 2012; 2:118. [PMID: 23050242 PMCID: PMC3448058 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2012.00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic pathways play an indispensable role in supplying cellular systems with energy and molecular building blocks for growth, maintenance and repair and are tightly linked with lifespan and systems stability of cells. For optimal growth and survival cells rapidly adopt to environmental changes. Accumulation of acetic acid in stationary phase budding yeast cultures is considered to be a primary mechanism of chronological aging and induction of apoptosis in yeast, which has prompted us to investigate the dependence of acetic acid toxicity on extracellular conditions in a systematic manner. Using an automated computer controlled assay system, we investigated and model the dynamic interconnection of biomass yield- and growth rate-dependence on extracellular glucose concentration, pH conditions and acetic acid concentration. Our results show that toxic concentrations of acetic acid inhibit glucose consumption and reduce ethanol production. In absence of carbohydrates uptake, cells initiate synthesis of storage carbohydrates, trehalose and glycogen, and upregulate gluconeogenesis. Accumulation of trehalose and glycogen, and induction of gluconeogenesis depends on mitochondrial activity, investigated by depletion of the Hap2-3-4-5 complex. Analyzing the activity of glycolytic enzymes, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), pyruvate kinase (PYK), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) we found that while high acetic acid concentration increased their activity, lower acetic acids concentrations significantly inhibited these enzymes. With this study we determined growth and functional adjustment of metabolism to acetic acid accumulation in a complex range of extracellular conditions. Our results show that substantial acidification of the intracellular environment, resulting from accumulation of dissociated acetic acid in the cytosol, is required for acetic acid toxicity, which creates a state of energy deficiency and nutrient starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Kitanovic
- Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University Heidelberg, Germany
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Pullulan fermentation using a prototype rotational reciprocating plate impeller. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2012; 36:603-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-012-0816-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Ali G, Rihouey C, Le Cerf D, Picton L. Effect of carboxymethyl groups on degradation of modified pullulan by pullulanase from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 93:109-15. [PMID: 23465908 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Revised: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pullulanase is an enzyme that hydrolyses the α-1,6 linkages of pullulan (Pull) to produce maltotriose units. We studied the capacity of pullulanase to cleave its modified substrate: carboxymethylpullulan (CMPull), synthesized with two different degrees of substitution (DS=0.16 and 0.8). Size exclusion chromatography with on line multi angle light scattering and differential refractive index detection (SEC/MALS/DRI) was used to estimate both number and weight average molar masses, respectively, Mn and Mw, of pullulan and CMPulls together with the percentage of maltotriose formed during hydrolysis. Determination of reduced sugars gave also a Mn that is compared to data obtained by SEC. It revealed that CMPull is partially degraded by pullulanase and the rate of hydrolysis decreased with increased DS. At the end of the hydrolysis, Mn is decreased by a factor of 23 and 1.7 for CMPull with a DS of 0.16 and 0.8 respectively. The percentage of produced maltotriose decreased also when increasing DS (24% and 7% for CMPull DS 0.16 and 0.8 respectively). The kinetic properties of pullulanase were also investigated with Pull and CMPulls by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) using simple injection method. Based on Michaelis-Menten kinetics, Vmax (maximal velocity) decreased and KM (Michaelis constant) increased when DS of modified pullulan CMPull increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghina Ali
- Université de Rouen, Laboratoire Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces, UMR 6270 & FR 3038 CNRS, 76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France
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Choudhury AR, Bhattacharyya M, Prasad G. Application of response surface methodology to understand the interaction of media components during pullulan production by Aureobasidium pullulans RBF-4A3. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gao W, Chung CH, Li J, Lee JW. Application of statistical experimental design for optimization of physiological factors and their influences on production of pullulan by Aureobasidium pullulans HP-2001 using an orthogonal array method. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-011-0107-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Cheng KC, Demirci A, Catchmark JM. Pullulan: biosynthesis, production, and applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 92:29-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3477-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Application of statistical experimental design for optimization of downstream process for recovery of pullulan produced by Aureobasidium pullulans HP-2001. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-011-0011-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Singh RS, Saini GK, Kennedy JF. Continuous hydrolysis of pullulan using covalently immobilized pullulanase in a packed bed reactor. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gao W, Kim YJ, Chung CH, Li J, Lee JW. Optimization of mineral salts in medium for enhanced production of pullulan by Aureobasidium pullulans HP-2001 using an orthogonal array method. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-010-0042-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Singh RS, Saini GK, Kennedy JF. Covalent immobilization and thermodynamic characterization of pullulanase for the hydrolysis of pullulan in batch system. Carbohydr Polym 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Singh RS, Saini GK, Kennedy JF. Maltotriose syrup preparation from pullulan using pullulanase. Carbohydr Polym 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Singh RS, Saini GK, Kennedy JF. Downstream processing and characterization of pullulan from a novel colour variant strain of Aureobasidium pullulans FB-1. Carbohydr Polym 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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