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Enhanced production of ε-poly-L-lysine by immobilized Streptomyces ahygroscopicus through repeated-batch or fed-batch fermentation with in situ product removal. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:2109-2120. [PMID: 34047828 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02587-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
ε-Poly-L-lysine (ε-PL) is a naturally-occurring L-lysine homopolymer having a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and used widely as a food preservative. In the present study, the combined use of immobilization and in situ product removal (ISPR) was evaluated for the production of ε-PL by Streptomyces ahygroscopicus GIM8. Results showed that ε-PL production in the flask cultures decreased from 0.84 to 0.38-0.56 g/L upon immobilization on loofah sponge with different amounts (0.5-3 g in 50 mL medium in a flask). By applying continuous ISPR to the immobilized flask cultures, ε-PL production as high as 3.51 g/L was obtained compared to 0.51 g/L of the control. A satisfactory titer of 1.84 g/L ε-PL could also be achieved with intermittent ISRP (three cycles of ISPR operation during cultivation). Further investigation showed that low levels of ε-PL retained in the broth appeared to favor its biosynthesis. In the repeated-batch fermentation in a 5 L immobilized bioreactor, with continuous ISPR, the final average ε-PL concentration and productivity were 3.35 g/L and 0.797 g/L/day, respectively, and 3.18 g/L and 0.756 g/L/day for the alternative (intermittent ISPR), in comparison to 1.16 g/L and 0.277 g/L/day with no ISPR usage. In the fed-batch fermentation with immobilized cells, the combined use of intermittent ISPR and extra nutrient feeding increased ε-PL concentration and productivity up to 24.57 g/L and 9.34 g/L/day. The fermentation processes developed could serve as an effective approach for ε-PL production and, moreover, the combination could greatly simplify downstream processing for ε-PL separation and purification.
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Lakshmi SA, Shafreen RB, Balaji K, Ibrahim KS, Shiburaj S, Gayathri V, Pandian SK. Cloning, expression, homology modelling and molecular dynamics simulation of four domain-containing α-amylase from Streptomyces griseus. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:2152-2163. [PMID: 32193988 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1745282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, α-amylase from Streptomyces griseus TBG19NRA1 was amplified, cloned and successfully expressed in E. coli BL21/DE3. Sequence analysis of S. griseus α-amylase (SGAmy) revealed the presence of four domains (A, B, C and E). Alpha-amylases with E domain (also known as carbohydrate binding module 20 (CBM20)) are capable of degrading raw starch and this property holds great potential for application in starch processing industries. Though α-amylase is a well-studied and characterized enzyme, there is no experimental structure available for this four domain-containing α-amylases. To gain more insight about SGAmy structure and function, homology modelling was performed using a multi-template method. The template α-amylase from Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis (PDB ID 1AQH) and E domain of Cyclodextrin glucanotransferase from Bacillus circulans (PDB ID 1CGY) was found to have significant similarity with the complete target sequence of SGAmy. Therefore, homology model for SGAmy was generated from the crystal structure of 1AQH and 1CGY and the resulting structure was subjected to 10 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Remarkably, CBM20 domain of SGAmy showed greater flexibility in MD simulation than other three domains. This observation is highly rational as this part of SGAmy is strongly implicated in substrate (raw starch) binding. Thus, conformational plasticity at CBM20 is functionally beneficial.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kannan Balaji
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kalibulla Syed Ibrahim
- PG and Research Department of Botany, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sugathan Shiburaj
- Division of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Valsala Gayathri
- Division of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Todhanakasem T. Developing microbial biofilm as a robust biocatalyst and its challenges. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2017.1295230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsaporn Todhanakasem
- Department of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Biotechnology, Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Todhanakasem T, Tiwari R, Thanonkeo P. Development of corn silk as a biocarrier for Zymomonas mobilis biofilms in ethanol production from rice straw. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2016; 62:68-74. [DOI: 10.2323/jgam.62.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Shemer B, Palevsky N, Yagur-Kroll S, Belkin S. Genetically engineered microorganisms for the detection of explosives' residues. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1175. [PMID: 26579085 PMCID: PMC4625088 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The manufacture and use of explosives throughout the past century has resulted in the extensive pollution of soils and groundwater, and the widespread interment of landmines imposes a major humanitarian risk and prevents civil development of large areas. As most current landmine detection technologies require actual presence at the surveyed areas, thus posing a significant risk to personnel, diverse research efforts are aimed at the development of remote detection solutions. One possible means proposed to fulfill this objective is the use of microbial bioreporters: genetically engineered microorganisms “tailored” to generate an optical signal in the presence of explosives’ vapors. The use of such sensor bacteria will allow to pinpoint the locations of explosive devices in a minefield. While no study has yet resulted in a commercially operational system, significant progress has been made in the design and construction of explosives-sensing bacterial strains. In this article we review the attempts to construct microbial bioreporters for the detection of explosives, and analyze the steps that need to be undertaken for this strategy to be applicable for landmine detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Shemer
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Noa Palevsky
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharon Yagur-Kroll
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shimshon Belkin
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel
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Xiao A, Huang Y, Ni H, Cai H, Yang Q. Statistical optimization for tannase production by Aspergillus tubingensis in solid-state fermentation using tea stalks. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Application of statistical design for the optimization of dextranase production by a novel fungus isolated from Red Sea sponge. 3 Biotech 2014; 4:533-544. [PMID: 28324388 PMCID: PMC4162893 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-013-0187-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine endophytic fungi isolated from Red Sea organisms were screened for the production of dextranase enzyme. The most potent isolate was from the Red Sea sponge Callyspongia spp. and was selected for identification. The18S rRNA amplification for phylogenetic study revealed that the isolate was highly related to Aspergillus flocculosus strain NRRL 5224 by 99 %. Medium composition and culture conditions for dextranase production were optimized by response surface methodology. A significant influence of dextran, yeast extract, K2HPO4, NaNO3, NaCl, MgSO4.7H2O and culture requirements such as incubation time, inoculum size, medium volume and inoculum age on dextranase production was evaluated by Plackett–Burman design. The most significant factors were further optimized using Box–Behnken design. The model predicted a dextranase activity of 438.15 U/ml when dextran concentration, medium volume and incubation time were 2.1 g/l, 52.47/250 ml flask and 80.48 h, respectively. Verification of the model showed that dextranase production of 440 U/ml was observed under the optimal condition confirming the validity of the model.
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Jiang PL, Chien MY, Sheu MT, Huang YY, Chen MH, Su CH, Liu DZ. Dried fruit of the Luffa sponge as a source of chitin for applications as skin substitutes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:458287. [PMID: 24812618 PMCID: PMC4000938 DOI: 10.1155/2014/458287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
LUFFACHITIN obtained from the residue of the sponge-like dried fruit of Luffa aegyptiaca was developed as a weavable skin substitute in this study. A chemical analysis revealed that LUFFACHITIN was composed of a copolymer containing N-acetyl-glucosamine (~40%) as a major monomer with a filamentary structure as demonstrated by both optical and scanning electron microscopy. The pulp-like white residue of the sponge-like dried fruit of Luffa aegyptiaca after treatment was then woven into a thin, porous membrane by filtration and lyophilization as a skin substitute for conducting wound-healing study on rats. The results indicated that the LUFFACHITIN membrane showed significant wound-healing enhancement (25 days to complete healing) compared to cotton gauze (>30 days), but not inferior to that of SACCHACHITIN. Furthermore, the LUFFACHITIN membrane had advantages of having a high yield, better physical properties for fabrication, and a more attractive appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Lun Jiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yin Chien
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Ko Da Pharmaceutical Co., Taoyuan 324, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Thau Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Clinical Research Center and Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yi-You Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsun Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hua Su
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Der-Zen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Center for General Education, Hsuan Chuang University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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Xie F, Quan S, Liu D, Ma H, Li F, Zhou F, Chen G. Purification and characterization of a novel α-amylase from a newly isolated Bacillus methylotrophicus strain P11-2. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2013.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Luffa cylindrica and phytosterols bioconversion: from shake flask to jar bioreactor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 40:1315-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-013-1315-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Bioconversion of lipophilic compounds poorly soluble in water, such as sterols, required the use of chemicals and solubilizing agents. On the other hand, it was shown that immobilization of Mycobacterium species on the dried fruit of Luffa cylindrica (DFLC) allows a close interaction between immobilized cells and cholesterol particles and increases by then the product’s yield. In this work, the use of DFLC in a 5-l jar bioreactor with phytosterols mixture (1 g/l) as substrate was assessed without addition of any chemicals or solubilizing agents. DFLC increased by a factor of four the volumetric productivity of androstenones (0.08 g/l day). Products were accumulated in the aqueous medium while substrates remained on the fibers of DFLC. This observation lets envisage a green semi-continuous process of androstenone production. DFLC has no influence on cell growth, and is moreover natural, inexpensive, non-toxic, and mechanically strong.
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Saeed A, Iqbal M. Loofa (Luffa cylindrica) sponge: Review of development of the biomatrix as a tool for biotechnological applications. Biotechnol Prog 2013; 29:573-600. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 11/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Saeed
- Environmental Biotechnology Group; Biotechnology and Food Research Centre; Lahore 54600 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Environmental Biotechnology Group; Biotechnology and Food Research Centre; Lahore 54600 Pakistan
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Pazzetto R, Ferreira SBDS, Santos EJS, Moriwaki C, Guedes TA, Matioli G. Preservation of Bacillus firmus strain 37 and optimization of cyclodextrin biosynthesis by cells immobilized on loofa sponge. Molecules 2012; 17:9476-88. [PMID: 22874792 PMCID: PMC6268496 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17089476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The preservation of Bacillus firmus strain 37 cells by lyophilization was evaluated and response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) production by cells immobilized on loofa sponge. Interactions were studied with the variables temperature, pH and dextrin concentration using a central composite design (CCD). Immobilization time influence on β-CD production was also investigated. B. firmus strain 37 cells remained viable after one year of storage, showing that the lyophilization is a suitable method for preservation of the microorganism. From the three-dimensional diagrams and contour plots, the best conditions for β-CD production were determined: temperature 60 °C, pH 8, and 18% dextrin. Considering that the amount of dextrin was high, a new assay was carried out, in which dextrin concentrations of 10, 15, and 18% were tested and the temperature of 60 °C and pH 8 were maintained. The results achieved showed very small differences and therefore, for economic reasons, the use of 10% dextrin is suggested. Increasing the immobilization time of cells immobilized on synthetic sponge the β-CD production decreased and did not change for cells immobilized on loofa sponge. The results of this research are important for microorganism preservation and essential in the optimization of the biosynthesis of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rúbia Pazzetto
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá-PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | | | - Elder James Silva Santos
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá-PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Moriwaki
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá-PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Teresinha Aparecida Guedes
- Department of Statistics, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá-PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Graciette Matioli
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá-PR 87020-900, Brazil
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +55-44-3011-3868; Fax: +55-44-3011-4119
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Behera S, Mohanty RC, Ray RC. Ethanol fermentation of sugarcane molasses by Zymomonas mobilis MTCC 92 immobilized in Luffa cylindrica L. sponge discs and Ca-alginate matrices. Braz J Microbiol 2012; 43:1499-507. [PMID: 24031981 PMCID: PMC3769043 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838220120004000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bio-ethanol production from cane molasses (diluted to 15 % sugar w/v) was studied using the bacterium, Zymomonas mobilis MTCC 92 entrapped in luffa (Luffa cylindrica L.) sponge discs and Ca-alginate gel beads as the immobilizing matrices. At the end of 96 h fermentation, the final ethanol concentrations were 58.7 ± 0.09 and 59.1 ± 0.08 g/l molasses with luffa and Ca-alginate entrapped Z. mobilis cells, respectively exhibiting 83.25 ± 0.03 and 84.6 ± 0.02 % sugar conversion. There was no statistical significant difference (Fischer’s LSD) in sugar utilization (t = 0.254, p<0.801) and ethanol production (t =-0.663, p<0.513) between the two immobilization matrices used. Further, the immobilized cells in both the matrices were physiologically active for three more cycles of operation with less than 15 % decrease in ethanol yield in the 4th cycle, which was due to some leakage of cells. In conclusion, luffa sponge was found to be equally good as Ca-alginate as a carrier material for bacterial (Z. mobilis) cell immobilization for ethanol production. Further, it has added advantages such as it is cheap, non-corrosive and has no environmental hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuvashish Behera
- Department of Botany, Utkal University , Vanivihar, Bhubaneswar -751004, Orissa , India
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Bacillamide C production by the optimized cultivation of the Bacillus atrophaeus strain C89 associated with the South China Sea sponge Dysidea avara. Process Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Behera S, Mohanty RC, Ray RC. Ethanol production from mahula (Madhuca latifolia L.) flowers using free and immobilized (in Luffa cylindrical L. sponge discs) cells of Zymomonas mobilis MTCC 92. ANN MICROBIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-010-0160-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Ethanol fermentation of mahula (Madhuca latifolia) flowers using free and immobilized bacteria Zymomonas mobilis MTCC 92. Biologia (Bratisl) 2010. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-010-0041-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Statistical optimization of α-amylase production by Bacillus brevis MTCC 7521 in solid-state fermentation using cassava bagasse. Biologia (Bratisl) 2009. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-009-0160-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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