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Adipogenic Stimulation and Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate Induced Osteogenic Inhibition of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Is Countered by Cordycepin. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11090915. [PMID: 34575692 PMCID: PMC8468365 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11090915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND dental pulp-derived stem cells are easy to access and collect and are an excellent source of stem cells for regenerative therapy. These cells can interact with many biomolecules and scaffolds and can pass on the instructive signals to the sites of regeneration where they are used. In this regard cordycepin, a potential biomolecule derived from medicinal mushrooms with a spectrum of bioactive properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer has not yet been tested for its effect on human dental pulp stem cells. OBJECTIVE the objective of the present study was to assess the in vitro adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential of human dental pulp stem cells with or without induction after administration of cordycepin. MATERIALS AND METHODS human dental pulp stem cells DPSCs were isolated from a healthy permanent tooth extracted for orthodontic purposes after obtaining informed consent. Flow cytometry technique was used to assess the surface markers of these cells such as CD73, CD90, and CD105, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR. Further, an MTT assay was performed on the cells after subjecting them to various concentrations of cordycepin. Following this, the adipogenic and osteogenic potential of the dental pulp stem cells was assessed with or without induction under the influence/absence of 5 µM of cordycepin. The results obtained were statistically analyzed and documented. RESULTS it was found that the dental pulp stem cells showed strong positive expression for CD73, CD90, and CD105 and faint expression of CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR. MTT assay revealed that 5 µM was the optimum concentration of cordycepin for all the assays. Concerning adipogenesis experiments, there was a statistically significant lowering of all the 4 adipogenesis-related genes PPARγ, FABP4, LPL, and C/EBPα following cordycepin treatment in the presence of induction compared to the only induction group and untreated control cells (p < 0.05). In connection with osteogenesis, was found that there was a statistically significant increase in the expression of RUNX2, COL1A1, OSX and OCN genes along with the increase in alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red staining in the DPSC treated with cordycepin along with the presence of induction and simultaneous addition of PDTC compared to the control untreated cells and cells treated with induction and simultaneous addition of PDTC (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION cordycepin can be exploited for its osteopromotive properties and can be used as a bioactive molecule alongside the administration of dental pulp stem cells in the area of regenerative biology and medicine.
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Low Dose of Fluoride in the Culture Medium of Cordyceps militaris Promotes Its Growth and Enhances Bioactives with Antioxidant and Anticancer Properties. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7050342. [PMID: 33925091 PMCID: PMC8145312 DOI: 10.3390/jof7050342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps militaris possesses several compounds with medicinal properties, and is commonly used in traditional Chinese functional food and medicine for a variety of health benefits. Because of its rare occurrence in nature, the market demand for artificial C. militaris is on the rise. Furthermore, efforts to increase its bioactive ingredients have also been considered in research. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of fluoride on the growth and enrichment of bioactive compounds in C. militaris. A wide range of potassium fluoride concentrations (0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mM) were added to the culture media as a source of fluoride during the cultivation of C. militaris fruiting bodies. The contents of fluorine and bioactive substances of the fruiting bodies in normal (NM) and fluorine-supplemented (FM) media were measured and compared. C. militaris raised in the growth medium supplemented with 0.01 mM potassium fluoride led to a 44.86% (1.55 ± 0.14 g/bottle) increase in biomass and a 23.43% (3161.38 ± 35.71 µg/g) increase in total carotenoid content in the fruiting bodies. Furthermore, a remarkable increase in superoxide dismutase-like activity (84.75 U/mg) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 2.59 mg/mL) was recorded. In human cancer cell-based assays, C. militaris raised in FM caused stronger cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in human osteosarcoma cells. These results demonstrated that a low dose of fluoride could stimulate the growth of C. militaris fruiting bodies and enhance the production of bioactive ingredients that possess useful antioxidant and anticancer activities.
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Liu YN, Liu BY, Ma YC, Yang HL, Liu GQ. Analysis of reference genes stability and histidine kinase expression under cold stress in Cordyceps militaris. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236898. [PMID: 32785280 PMCID: PMC7423124 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of fungal fruiting bodies from a hyphal thallus is inducible under low temperature (cold stress). The molecular mechanism has been subject to surprisingly few studies. Analysis of gene expression level has become an important means to study gene function and its regulation mechanism. But identification of reference genes (RGs) stability under cold stress have not been reported in famous medicinal mushroom-forming fungi Cordyceps militaris. Herein, 12 candidate RGs had been systematically validated under cold stress in C. militaris. Three different algorithms, geNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper were applied to evaluate the expression stability of the RGs. Our results showed that UBC and UBQ were the most stable RGs for cold treatments in short and long periods, respectively. 2 RGs (UBC and PP2A) and 3 RGs (UBQ, TUB and CYP) were the suitable RGs for cold treatments in short and long periods, respectively. Moreover, target genes, two-component-system histidine kinase genes, were selected to validate the most and least stable RGs under cold treatment, which indicated that use of unstable expressed genes as RGs leads to biased results. Our results provide a good starting point for accurate reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction normalization by using UBC and UBQ in C. militaris under cold stress and better support for understanding the mechanism of response to cold stress and fruiting body formation in C. militaris and other mushroom-forming fungi in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Nan Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Forestry Biotechnology & International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Bi-Yang Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Forestry Biotechnology & International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - You-Chu Ma
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Forestry Biotechnology & International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Hai-Long Yang
- College of Environmental & Life Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gao-Qiang Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Forestry Biotechnology & International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
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Implementation and Performance Evaluation of Integrated Wireless MultiSensor Module for Aseptic Incubator of Cordyceps militaris. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20154272. [PMID: 32751852 PMCID: PMC7435457 DOI: 10.3390/s20154272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This paper originally proposes a wireless multisensor module with illuminance, temperature, relative humidity (RH) and carbon dioxide (CO2) sensors in an aseptic jar incubator for a solid-state fermentation (SSF) of Cordyceps militaris culture. The light intensity, ambient temperature, RH and CO2 are the critical cultivation factors of C. militaris. First, these sensors are integrated in a multisensor platform which is installed inside a lid and covered with a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) membrane of class H14 for sterilization of bacteria and viruses. The observations of sensors are then transmitted by a wireless XBee network where the slave sensor node is fixed at the top of jar lid and the master radio node receives data and uploads to an on-site monitoring node. The acquired information is further transmitted to an iCloud database and displayed in a web-based monitoring system. The results illustrate the proposed wireless multisensor module was validated with sufficient accuracy, reliable confidence and well-tolerance for C. militaris cultivation biotechnology under aseptic conditions.
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Temperature adaptations of Cordyceps militaris, impact of host thermal biology and immunity on mycosis development. FUNGAL ECOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Sun X, Dong Z, Li N, Feng X, Liu Y, Li A, Zhu X, Li C, Zhao Z. Nucleosides isolated from Ophiocordyceps sinensis inhibit cigarette smoke extract-induced inflammation via the SIRT1-nuclear factor-κB/p65 pathway in RAW264.7 macrophages and in COPD mice. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:2821-2832. [PMID: 30237706 PMCID: PMC6136406 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s172579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ophiocordyceps sinensis (C. sinensis) extracts have been found to have a therapeutic effect on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) plays an important role in the regulation of inflammatory mediators and correlates with lung function and COPD exacerbations. The objective of this work was to explore the anti-inflammatory effect and preliminary pathways of nucleosides from cultured C. sinensis on RAW264.7 macrophages and COPD mice. Materials and methods The nucleosides were extracted from cultured C. sinensis powder and further purified by macroporous resin D101 and glucan G10 columns. Inflammation and oxidative stress models in RAW264.7 macrophages and in mice were established by injection of cigarette smoke extract (CSE). We then examined how the isolated nucleosides regulated the production of the associated inflammatory mediators in vitro and in vivo by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot. Results The nucleosides inhibited inflammatory mediator expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and nitric oxide in both the CSE-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and mice. Moreover, the nucleosides elevated SIRT1 activation and suppressed nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/p65 activation in vitro and in vivo. Nucleoside treatment significantly decreased the levels of the inflammatory mediators in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum of the CSE-induced mice. The nucleosides also altered the recruitment of inflammatory cells in BALF and improved characteristic features of the lungs in the CSE-induced mice. Conclusion These results show that the nucleosides suppressed COPD inflammation through the SIRT1–NF-κB/p65 pathway, suggesting that the nucleosides may be partly responsible for the therapeutic effects of cultured C. sinensis on COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Zhonghua Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Nan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xiuli Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Ang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xiaosong Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Chunyan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Zhongxi Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China, .,Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Jujube Food and Drug, Jinan, People's Republic of China, .,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mucosal and Transdermal Drug Delivery Technologies, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China,
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Heat and light stresses affect metabolite production in the fruit body of the medicinal mushroom Cordyceps militaris. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:4523-4533. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8899-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Yang S, Zheng M, Cao Y, Dong Y, Yaqoob S, Liu J. Optimization of liquid fermentation conditions for biotransformation zein by Cordyceps militaris 202 and characterization of physicochemical and functional properties of fermentative hydrolysates. Braz J Microbiol 2018; 49:621-631. [PMID: 29452848 PMCID: PMC6066730 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps militaris 202 is a potential fungus for biotransformation zein, due to its various proteases, high tolerance and viability in nature. In this article, single factor experiment and response surface methodology were applied to optimize the liquid fermentation conditions and improve the ability of biotransformation zein. The optimized fermentation conditions were as follows: inoculum concentration of 19%, volume of liquor of 130 mL/500 mL and pH of 4.7. Under this condition, the degree of hydrolysis (DH) was 27.31%. The zein hydrolysates from fungi fermentation maintained a high thermal stability. Compared to the original zein, the zein hydrolysates were found to have high solubility, which most likely results in improved foaming and emulsifying properties. Overall, this research demonstrates that hydrolysis of zein by C. militaris 202 is a potential method for improving the functional properties of zein, and the zein hydrolysates can be used as functional ingredients with an increased antioxidant effect in both food and non-food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yang
- Jilin Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun, China; Jilin Agricultural University, National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, China
| | - Mingzhu Zheng
- Jilin Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Jilin Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun, China; Jilin Agricultural University, National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, China
| | - Yanjiao Dong
- Jilin Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun, China
| | - Sanabil Yaqoob
- Jilin Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun, China
| | - Jingsheng Liu
- Jilin Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun, China.
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Lin LT, Lai YJ, Wu SC, Hsu WH, Tai CJ. Optimal conditions for cordycepin production in surface liquid-cultured Cordyceps militaris treated with porcine liver extracts for suppression of oral cancer. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 26:135-144. [PMID: 29389548 PMCID: PMC9332661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cordycepin is one of the most crucial bioactive compounds produced by Cordyceps militaris and has exhibited antitumor activity in various cancers. However, industrial production of large amounts of cordycepin is difficult. The porcine liver is abundant in proteins, vitamins, and adenosine, and these ingredients may increase cordycepin production and bioconversion during C. militaris fermentation. We observed that porcine liver extracts increased cordycepin production. In addition, air supply (2 h/d) significantly increased the cordycepin level in surface liquid-cultured C. militaris after 14 days. Moreover, blue light light-emitting diode irradiation (16 h/d) increased cordycepin production. These findings indicated that these conditions are suitable for increasing cordycepin production. We used these conditions to obtain water extract from the mycelia of surface liquid-cultured C. militaris (WECM) and evaluated the anti-oral cancer activity of this extract in vitro and in vivo. The results revealed that WECM inhibited the cell viability of SCC-4 oral cancer cells and arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction (mitochondrial fission) were observed in SCC-4 cells treated with WECM for 12 hours. Furthermore, WECM reduced tumor formation in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis through the downregulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, vascular endothelial growth factor, and c-fos expression. The results indicated that porcine liver extracts irradiated with blue light light-emitting diode and supplied with air can be used as a suitable medium for the growth of mycelia and production of cordycepin, which can be used in the treatment of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Tzung Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jang Lai
- Department of Food Science, National Quemoy University, Jinning, Kinmen, Fujan, Taiwan
| | - She-Ching Wu
- Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsuan Hsu
- Biochemical Process Technology Department, Center of Excellence for Drug Development, Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Chutung, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Chen-Jei Tai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Zong SY, Han H, Wang B, Li N, Dong TTX, Zhang T, Tsim KWK. Fast Simultaneous Determination of 13 Nucleosides and Nucleobases in Cordyceps sinensis by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Molecules 2015; 20:21816-25. [PMID: 26690105 PMCID: PMC6332315 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A reliable ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–ESI–MS/MS) method for the fast simultaneous determination of 13 nucleosides and nucleobases in Cordyceps sinensis (C. sinensis) with 2-chloroadenosine as internal standard was developed and validated. Samples were ultrasonically extracted in an ice bath thrice, and the optimum analyte separation was performed on an ACQUITY UPLCTM HSS C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) with gradient elution. All targeted analytes were separated in 5.5 min. Furthermore, all calibration curves showed good linear regression (r > 0.9970) within the test ranges, and the limits of quantitation and detection of the 13 analytes were less than 150 and 75 ng/mL, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of intra- and inter-day precisions were <6.23%. Recoveries of the quantified analytes ranged within 85.3%–117.3%, with RSD < 6.18%. The developed UHPLC–ESI–MS/MS method was successfully applied to determine nucleosides and nucleobases in 11 batches of C. sinensis samples from different regions in China. The range for the total content in the analyzed samples was 1329–2057 µg/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Zong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Experimental Center of Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Han Han
- Experimental Center of Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Experimental Center of Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Ning Li
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Tina Ting-Xia Dong
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Experimental Center of Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Karl W K Tsim
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China.
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Zheng ZL, Qiu XH, Han RC. Identification of the Genes Involved in the Fruiting Body Production and Cordycepin Formation of Cordyceps militaris Fungus. MYCOBIOLOGY 2015; 43:37-42. [PMID: 25892913 PMCID: PMC4397378 DOI: 10.5941/myco.2015.43.1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A mutant library of Cordyceps militaris was constructed by improved Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation and screened for degradation features. Six mutants with altered characters in in vitro and in vivo fruiting body production, and cordycepin formation were found to contain a single copy T-DNA. T-DNA flanking sequences of these mutants were identified by thermal asymmetric interlaced-PCR approach. ATP-dependent helicase, cytochrome oxidase subunit I and ubiquitin-like activating enzyme were involved in in vitro fruiting body production, serine/threonine phosphatase involved in in vivo fruiting body production, while glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase and telomerase reverse transcriptase involved in cordycepin formation. These genes were analyzed by bioinformatics methods, and their molecular function and biology process were speculated by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. The results provided useful information for the control of culture degeneration in commercial production of C. militaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang-Li Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Entomological Institute, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Xue-Hong Qiu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Entomological Institute, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Ri-Chou Han
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Entomological Institute, Guangzhou 510260, China
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Yin Y, Yu G, Chen Y, Jiang S, Wang M, Jin Y, Lan X, Liang Y, Sun H. Genome-wide transcriptome and proteome analysis on different developmental stages of Cordyceps militaris. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51853. [PMID: 23251642 PMCID: PMC3522581 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cordyceps militaris, an ascomycete caterpillar fungus, has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for many years owing to its anticancer and immunomodulatory activities. Currently, artificial culturing of this beneficial fungus has been widely used and can meet the market, but systematic molecular studies on the developmental stages of cultured C. militaris at transcriptional and translational levels have not been determined. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We utilized high-throughput Illumina sequencing to obtain the transcriptomes of C. militaris mycelium and fruiting body. All clean reads were mapped to C. militaris genome and most of the reads showed perfect coverage. Alternative splicing and novel transcripts were predicted to enrich the database. Gene expression analysis revealed that 2,113 genes were up-regulated in mycelium and 599 in fruiting body. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were performed to analyze the genes with expression differences. Moreover, the putative cordycepin metabolism difference between different developmental stages was studied. In addition, the proteome data of mycelium and fruiting body were obtained by one-dimensional gel electrophoresis (1-DGE) coupled with nano-electrospray ionization liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nESI-LC-MS/MS). 359 and 214 proteins were detected from mycelium and fruiting body respectively. GO, KEGG and Cluster of Orthologous Groups (COG) analysis were further conducted to better understand their difference. We analyzed the amounts of some noteworthy proteins in these two samples including lectin, superoxide dismutase, glycoside hydrolase and proteins involved in cordycepin metabolism, providing important information for further protein studies. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The results reveal the difference in gene expression between the mycelium and fruiting body of artificially cultivated C. militaris by transcriptome and proteome analysis. Our study provides an effective resource for the further developmental and medicinal research of this promising fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guojun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yijie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Man Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianqing Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Fu H, Fu W, Sun M, Shou Q, Zhai Y, Cheng H, Teng L, Mou X, Li Y, Wan S, Zhang S, Xu Q, Zhang X, Wang J, Zhu J, Wang X, Xu X, Lv G, Jin L, Guo W, Ke Y. Kinetic Cellular Phenotypic Profiling: Prediction, Identification, and Analysis of Bioactive Natural Products. Anal Chem 2011; 83:6518-26. [DOI: 10.1021/ac201670e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Fu
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenqing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mingjiao Sun
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiyang Shou
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yunyan Zhai
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hongqiang Cheng
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li Teng
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaozhou Mou
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanwei Li
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuying Wan
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qinqin Xu
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jenny Zhu
- ACEA Biosciences Incorporated, San Diego, California 92126, United States
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- ACEA Biosciences Incorporated, San Diego, California 92126, United States
| | - Xiao Xu
- ACEA Biosciences Incorporated, San Diego, California 92126, United States
| | - Guiyuan Lv
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wensheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yuehai Ke
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Zheng Z, Huang C, Cao L, Xie C, Han R. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation as a tool for insertional mutagenesis in medicinal fungus Cordyceps militaris. Fungal Biol 2011; 115:265-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2010.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2010] [Revised: 12/20/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Xiong C, Xia Y, Zheng P, Shi S, Wang C. Developmental stage-specific gene expression profiling for a medicinal fungusCordyceps militaris. Mycology 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/21501201003674581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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17
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Screening of edible mushrooms for release of ferulic acid from wheat bran by fermentation. Enzyme Microb Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2009.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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