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Bai Y, Niu Y, Qin S, Ma G. A New Biomaterial Derived from Aloe vera-Acemannan from Basic Studies to Clinical Application. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1913. [PMID: 37514099 PMCID: PMC10385217 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aloe vera is a kind of herb rich in polysaccharides. Acemannan (AC) is considered to be a natural polysaccharide with good biodegradability and biocompatibility extracted from Aloe vera and has a wide range of applications in the biomedical field due to excellent immunomodulatory, antiviral, antitumor, and tissue regeneration effects. In recent years, clinical case reports on the application of AC as a novel biomedical material in tissue regenerative medicine have emerged; it is mainly used in bone tissue engineering, pulp-dentin complex regeneration engineering, and soft tissue repair, among other operations. In addition, multiple studies have proved that the new composite products formed by the combination of AC and other compounds have excellent biological and physical properties and have broader research prospects. This paper introduces the preparation process, surface structure, and application forms of AC; summarizes the influence of acetyl functional group content in AC on its functions; and provides a detailed review of the functional properties, laboratory studies, clinical cutting-edge applications, and combined applications of AC. Finally, the current application status of AC from basic research to clinical treatment is analyzed and its prospects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Bai
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yimeng Niu
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shengao Qin
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Guowu Ma
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
- Department of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital Affiliated School, Stomatology of Dalian Medical University, NO. 397 Huangpu Road, Shahekou District, Dalian 116086, China
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Jales STL, Barbosa RDM, Silva GR, Severino P, Lima Moura TFA. Natural Polysaccharides From
Aloe vera
L. Gel (
Aloe barbadensis
Miller): Processing Techniques and Analytical Methods. POLYSACCHARIDES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119711414.ch1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Ultrasonic-Assisted Aqueous Two-Phase Extraction and Properties of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from Malus hupehensis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082213. [PMID: 33921423 PMCID: PMC8068786 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Malus hupehensis (M. hupehensis), an edible and medicinal plant with significant antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity, has been applied to new resource foods. However, the structural characterization and biological effects of its polysaccharides (MHP) are less known. The optimum extraction parameters to achieve the highest extraction efficiency (47.63%), the yield (1.68%) and purity of MHP (89.6%) by ultrasonic-assisted aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) were obtained under the liquid-to-solid ratio of 23 g/mL, ultrasonic power of 65 W, and ultrasonic time of 33 min. According to the analysis results, MHP was composed of Man, GlcA, Rha, GalA, Glc, Gal, Xyl, Ara, and Fuc, in which Ara and Gal were the main components, and the content of GlcA was the lowest. In in vitro activity analysis, MHP showed a significant antioxidant capacity, and an inhibition activity of α-glucosidase and the advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation in the BSA/Glc reaction model. MHP interacted with α-glucosidase and changed the internal microenvironment of the enzyme, and inhibited the AGEs formation, which provides more evidence for the antihyperglycemic mechanism of MHP. The results suggest that ATPS is an efficient and environmentally friendly solvent system, and M. hupehensis has broad application prospects in functional foods, healthcare products, and pharmaceuticals.
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Liu C, Cui Y, Pi F, Cheng Y, Guo Y, Qian H. Extraction, Purification, Structural Characteristics, Biological Activities and Pharmacological Applications of Acemannan, a Polysaccharide from Aloe vera: A Review. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24081554. [PMID: 31010204 PMCID: PMC6515206 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aloe vera is a medicinal plant species of the genus Aloe with a long history of usage around the world. Acemannan, considered one of the main bioactive polysaccharides of Aloe vera, possesses immunoregulation, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, wound healing and bone proliferation promotion, neuroprotection, and intestinal health promotion activities, among others. In this review, recent advancements in the extraction, purification, structural characteristics and biological activities of acemannan from Aloe vera were summarized. Among these advancements, the structural characteristics of purified polysaccharides were reviewed in detail. Meanwhile, the biological activities of acemannan from Aloe vera determined by in vivo, in vitro and clinical experiments are summarized, and possible mechanisms of these bioactivities were discussed. Moreover, the latest research progress on the use of acemannan in dentistry and wound healing was also summarized in details. The structure-activity relationships of acemannan and its medical applications were discussed. Finally, new perspectives for future research work on acemannan were proposed. In conclusion, this review summarizes the extraction, purification, structural characteristics, biological activities and pharmacological applications of acemannan, and provides information for the industrial production and possible applications in dentistry and wound healing in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Yan Cui
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Key Laboratory of Preservation Engineering of Agricultural Products, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo 315040, China.
| | - Fuwei Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Yuliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Yahui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - He Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Ariestanti CA, Seechamnanturakit V, Harmayani E, Wichienchot S. Optimization on production of konjac oligo-glucomannan and their effect on the gut microbiota. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:788-796. [PMID: 30847158 PMCID: PMC6392846 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a polysaccharide extracted from Amorphophallus konjac, and its degradation product is konjac oligo-glucomannan (KOG). The aim of this study was to produce KOG from KGM and to evaluate its effect on the gut microbiota in fecal batch culture. KOG was produced by enzymatic hydrolysis using β-mannanase. The optimum conditions were as follows: reaction temperature of 48°C, reaction time of 4 hr, pH of 5.5 and E/S of 0.05% followed by purification step using 3,000 NMWC ultrafiltration (UF) membrane pore size. The effect of KOG on changes in human fecal bacterial populations and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production was evaluated. The results showed that low-molecular weight KOG (LKOG) from purification step with concentration of 9.54 mg/ml, and a prebiotic index (PI) of 0.76 was successfully produced. LKOG can enhance the production of butyric acid in the colon with the highest concentration (8.24 mM) found at 72 hr fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vatcharee Seechamnanturakit
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Nutraceutical and Functional Food (IGS‐NFF)Prince of Songkla UniversityHat Yai, SongkhlaThailand
| | - Eni Harmayani
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of Agricultural TechnologyGadjah Mada UniversityYogyakartaIndonesia
| | - Santad Wichienchot
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Nutraceutical and Functional Food (IGS‐NFF)Prince of Songkla UniversityHat Yai, SongkhlaThailand
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Xiao J, Chen G, Li N. Ionic Liquid Solutions as a Green Tool for the Extraction and Isolation of Natural Products. Molecules 2018; 23:E1765. [PMID: 30021998 PMCID: PMC6100307 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past few years, the application of ionic liquids (ILs) had attracted more attention of the researchers. Many studies focused on extracting active components from traditional herbals using ILs as alternative solvents so as to address the issue caused by the traditional methods for extraction of natural products (NPs) with organic chemical reagents. Through the summary of reported research work, an overview was presented for the application of ILs or IL-based materials in the extraction of NPs, including flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids and so on. Here, we mainly describe the application of ILs to rich the extraction of critical bioactive constituents that were reported possessing multiple therapeutic effects or pharmacological activities, from medicinal plants. This review could shed some light on the wide use of ILs in the field of natural products chemistry to further reduce the environmental damage caused by large quantity of organic chemical reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Xiao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Ning Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Efficient separation of mannan–protein mixtures by ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system, comparison with lectin affinity purification. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 98:314-318. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Three phase partitioning for simultaneous purification of aloe polysaccharide and protein using a single-step extraction. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Jian W, Sun Y, Huang H, Yang Y, Peng S, Xiong B, Pan T, Xu Z, He M, Pang J. Study on preparation and separation of Konjac oligosaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 92:1218-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Revised: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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