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de Oliveira RL, da Silva WB, Couto KS, Porto TS. Sequential cultivation method for β-fructofuranosidase production from Aspergillus tamarii URM4634, evaluation of their biochemical and kinetic/thermodynamic characteristics, and application on sucrose hydrolysis. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:186. [PMID: 39077623 PMCID: PMC11283445 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04027-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study focused on evaluating the sequential fermentation (SF) method for FFase production from Aspergillus tamarii URM4634 using soybean bran as substrate. The SF was performed using soybean bran as substrate at 72 h and 30 °C and the maximum hydrolytic activity (44.00 U mL-1), corresponding to an increase of 2.98-fold to about SmF using sucrose as substrate. Already the maximum transfructosylating activity was 26.10 U mL-1. The FFase presents maximum hydrolytic activity at pH 5.0-6.0 and transfructosylating at pH 6.0 and 60 °C for both enzyme activities. The enzyme showed a typical hydrolytic kinetic profile evidenced by more affinity by sucrose hydrolysis reaction than the fructosyl transfer one. From kinetic and thermodynamic data of thermal denaturation, it was observed that the enzyme presents suitable at 55 °C, evidenced by the large half-life (990.21 min) and D values (3289.41 min). The maximum release of reducing sugars (8.45 g L-1) was obtained in hydrolysis of 20% sucrose during 180 min. The results obtained for FFase production by SF proved that this method can be used satisfactorily for sucrose-degrading enzymes and can contribute to the development of the SF technique to produce different industrial-interest enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Lira de Oliveira
- Federal University of Agreste of Pernambuco (UFAPE), Multi-User Food Science and Technology Laboratory, Garanhuns, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Wanessa Braz da Silva
- School of Food Engineering, Federal University of Agreste of Pernambuco (UFAPE), Garanhuns, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Karollayny Santos Couto
- School of Food Engineering, Federal University of Agreste of Pernambuco (UFAPE), Garanhuns, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Tatiana Souza Porto
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
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Trapala J, González-Andrade M, Olvera C, Cayetano M, Sanz-Aparicio J, Jimenez-Ortega E, Bustos-Jaimes I, Montiel C. Relevance of aromatic and polar amino acids in the specificity of Inulinase ISO3 from Kluyveromyces marxianus: A molecular dynamics approach with an experimental verification. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124734. [PMID: 37150366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The Inulinase from Kluyveromyces marxianus ISO3 (Inu-ISO3) is an enzyme able to hydrolyze linear fructans such as chicory inulin as well as branched fructans like agavin. This enzyme was cloned and expressed in Komagataella pastoris to study the role of selected aromatic and polar residues in the catalytic pocket by Alanine scanning. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and enzyme kinetics analysis were performed to study the functional consequences of these amino acid substitutions. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to construct the mutants of the enzyme after carrying out the MD simulations between Inu-ISO3 and its substrates. Mutation Trp79:Ala resulted in the total loss of activity when fructans were used as substrates, while with sucrose, the activity decreased by 98 %. In contrast, the mutations Phe113:Ala and Gln236:Ala increased the invertase activity when sucrose was used as a substrate. Although these amino acids are not part of the conserved motifs where the catalytic triad is located, they are essential for the enzyme's activity. In silico and experimental approaches corroborate the relevance of these residues for substrate binding and their influence on enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Trapala
- Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México City 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Clarita Olvera
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62250, Mexico
| | - Maribel Cayetano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Julia Sanz-Aparicio
- Departamento de Cristalografía y Biología Estructural, Instituto de Química-Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Jimenez-Ortega
- Departamento de Cristalografía y Biología Estructural, Instituto de Química-Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ismael Bustos-Jaimes
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Carmina Montiel
- Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México City 04510, Mexico.
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Enhanced production of Aspergillus niger inulinase from sugar beet molasses and its kinetic modeling. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 42:1939-1955. [PMID: 32424732 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-02913-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The fermentation medium contains many complex components (vitamins, minerals, etc.) for better growth of the microorganisms. The increasing purity and number of these components used in the medium seriously affect the cost of the microbial process. This study aimed to further optimize the concentration of the components used in the medium (yeast extract and peptone) for inulinase fabrication by Aspergillus niger from sugar-beet molasses in shake flask fermentation by using Central Composite Design (CCD) and to kinetically identify the fermentation. RESULTS The results indicated that the optimal medium composition consisted of only 4.2% (w/v) yeast extract. By using the fermentation environment, the inulinase generation, inulinase/sucrase ratio, maximum inulinase generation rate, maximum sugar depletion rate, and substrate utilization yield were determined as 1294.5 U/mL, 1.2, 159.6 U/mL/day, 7.4 g/L/day, and 98.1%, respectively. The kinetic analysis of the fungal development (logistic model) indicated that a specific development rate and initial biomass concentration were 0.89/day and 1.79 g/L, respectively. Inulinase and sucrase productions are mixed-development associated since the α value ≠ 0 (8.46 and 4.31 U/mgX) and the β value ≠ 0 (5.15 and 4.83 U/mgX day), respectively (Luedeking-Piret model). Besides, the maintenance value (Z) (0.009 gS/gX day) was lower than γ value (1.044 gS/gX), showing that A. niger commonly uses the substrates for enzyme fabrication and fungal development (modified Luedeking-Piret model). CONCLUSIONS The enzyme activity was increased by optimizing the concentration of the components used. It was demonstrated that the proposed kinetic models can victoriously define fungal development, enzyme fabrication, and sugar depletion.
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Germec M, Gürler HN, Ozcan A, Erkan SB, Karahalil E, Turhan I. Medium optimization and kinetic modeling for the production of Aspergillus niger inulinase. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 43:217-232. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02219-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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A panorama of bacterial inulinases: Production, purification, characterization and industrial applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 96:312-322. [PMID: 27932256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Inulinases are important hydrolysing enzymes which specifically act on β-2, 1 linkages of inulin to produce fructose or fructooligosaccharides. Fungi, yeasts and bacteria are the potent microbial sources of inulinases. The data on bacterial inulinases is scarce as compared to other microbial sources. Inulinases yield from bacteria is very less as compared to fungal and yeast sources of inulinases. Submerged fermentation (SmF) is the method of choice for the production of inulinases from bacterial sources. Moreover, inulin is a potent substrate for the production of inulinases in SmF. Many bacterial inulinases have been reported to display magnificent environment abiding features and variability in their biophysical and biochemical properties. These properties have attracted intention of many researchers towards exploring adverse ecological niches for more distinctive inulinase producing bacterial strains. Inulinases are substantially important in current biotechnological era due to their numerous industrial applications. High fructose syrup and fructooligosaccharides are two major industrial applications of inulinases. Additionally, there are many reports on the production of various metabolites like citric acid, lactic acid, ethanol, biofuels, butanediol etc. using mixed cultures of inulinase producing organisms with other microorganisms. The present review mainly envisages inulinase producing bacterial sources, inulinase production, purification, characterization and their applications.
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Zabot GL, Silva EK, Azevedo VM, Meireles MAA. Replacing modified starch by inulin as prebiotic encapsulant matrix of lipophilic bioactive compounds. Food Res Int 2016; 85:26-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Wojcik M, Miłek J. A new method to determine optimum temperature and activation energies for enzymatic reactions. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 39:1319-23. [PMID: 27066801 PMCID: PMC4945675 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1596-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A new method for determination of the optimum temperature and activation energies based on an idea of the average rate of enzymatic reaction has been developed. A mathematical model describing the effect of temperature on a dimensionless activity for enzyme deactivation following the first-order kinetics has been derived. The necessary condition for existence of the function extreme of the optimal temperature has been applied in the model. The developed method has been verified using the experimental data for inulinase from Kluyveromyces marxianus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wojcik
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - J Miłek
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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Rawat HK, Soni H, Treichel H, Kango N. Biotechnological potential of microbial inulinases: Recent perspective. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2016; 57:3818-3829. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1147419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Kumar Rawat
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar (M.P.), India
| | - Hemant Soni
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar (M.P.), India
| | - Helen Treichel
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul-Campus de Erechim, Erechim, Brazil
| | - Naveen Kango
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar (M.P.), India
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Flores AC, Morlett JA, Rodríguez R. Inulin Potential for Enzymatic Obtaining of Prebiotic Oligosaccharides. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2015; 56:1893-902. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2013.807220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Flores-Gallegos AC, Contreras-Esquivel JC, Morlett-Chávez JA, Aguilar CN, Rodríguez-Herrera R. Comparative study of fungal strains for thermostable inulinase production. J Biosci Bioeng 2014; 119:421-6. [PMID: 25454696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2014.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fructose and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are important ingredients in the food industry. Fructose is considered an alternative sweetener to sucrose because it has higher sweetening capacity and increases iron absorption in children, and FOS's are a source of dietary fiber with a bifidogenic effect. Both compounds can be obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin. However, inulin presents limited solubility at room temperature, thus, fructose and FOS production is carried out at 60°C. Therefore, there is a growing interest to isolate and characterize thermostable inulinases. The aim of this work was to evaluate the capacity of different fungal strains to produce potential thermostable inulinases. A total of 27 fungal strains belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Rhizomucor and Thermomyces were evaluated for production of inulinase under submerged culture using Czapek Dox medium with inulin as a sole carbon source. Strains were incubated at 37°C and 200 rpm for 96 h. Crude enzyme extract was obtained to evaluate inulinase and invertase activity. In order to select the fungal strain with the highest thermostable inulinase production, a selection criterion was established. It was possible to determine the highest inulinase activity for Rhizopus microsporus 13aIV (10.71 U/mL) at 36 h with an optimum temperature of inulinase of 70°C. After 6 h at 60°C, the enzyme did not show any significant loss of activity and retained about 87% activity, while it only retains 57% activity at 70°C. According to hydrolysis products, R. microsporus produced endo and exo-inulinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana C Flores-Gallegos
- Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Boulevard Venustiano Carranza and José Cárdenas s/n, República Oriente, Saltillo 25280, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Juan C Contreras-Esquivel
- Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Boulevard Venustiano Carranza and José Cárdenas s/n, República Oriente, Saltillo 25280, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Jesús A Morlett-Chávez
- Clinical and Molecular Diagnosis Department, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Boulevard Venustiano Carranza and José Cárdenas s/n, República Oriente, Saltillo 25280, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Cristóbal N Aguilar
- Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Boulevard Venustiano Carranza and José Cárdenas s/n, República Oriente, Saltillo 25280, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Raúl Rodríguez-Herrera
- Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Boulevard Venustiano Carranza and José Cárdenas s/n, República Oriente, Saltillo 25280, Coahuila, Mexico.
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Zajkoska P, Rebroš M, Rosenberg M. Biocatalysis with immobilized Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:1441-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4651-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Revised: 12/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Huitrón C, Pérez R, Gutiérrez L, Lappe P, Petrosyan P, Villegas J, Aguilar C, Rocha-Zavaleta L, Blancas A. Bioconversion of Agave tequilana fructans by exo-inulinases from indigenous Aspergillus niger CH-A-2010 enhances ethanol production from raw Agave tequilana juice. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 40:123-32. [PMID: 23160922 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-012-1211-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Agave tequilana fructans are the source of fermentable sugars for the production of tequila. Fructans are processed by acid hydrolysis or by cooking in ovens at high temperature. Enzymatic hydrolysis is considered an alternative for the bioconversion of fructans. We previously described the isolation of Aspergillus niger CH-A-2010, an indigenous strain that produces extracellular inulinases. Here we evaluated the potential application of A. niger CH-A-2010 inulinases for the bioconversion of A. tequilana fructans, and its impact on the production of ethanol. Inulinases were analyzed by Western blotting and thin layer chromatography. Optimal pH and temperature conditions for inulinase activity were determined. The efficiency of A. niger CH-A-2010 inulinases was compared with commercial enzymes and with acid hydrolysis. The hydrolysates obtained were subsequently fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae to determine the efficiency of ethanol production. Results indicate that A. niger CH-A-2010 predominantly produces an exo-inulinase activity. Optimal inulinase activity occurred at pH 5.0 and 50 °C. Hydrolysis of raw agave juice by CH-A-2010 inulinases yielded 33.5 g/l reducing sugars, compared with 27.3 g/l by Fructozyme(®) (Novozymes Corp, Bagsværd, Denmark) and 29.4 g/l by acid hydrolysis. After fermentation of hydrolysates, we observed that the conversion efficiency of sugars into ethanol was 97.5 % of the theoretical ethanol yield for enzymatically degraded agave juice, compared to 83.8 % for acid-hydrolyzed juice. These observations indicate that fructans from raw Agave tequilana juice can be efficiently hydrolyzed by using A. niger CH-A-2010 inulinases, and that this procedure impacts positively on the production of ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Huitrón
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Escolar s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico DF, Mexico
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Coghetto CC, Scherer RP, Silva MF, Golunski S, Pergher SB, de Oliveira D, Vladimir Oliveira J, Treichel H. Natural montmorillonite as support for the immobilization of inulinase from Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL Y-7571. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2012.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Astolfi V, Joris J, Verlindo R, Oliveira JV, Maugeri F, Mazutti MA, de Oliveira D, Treichel H. Operation of a fixed-bed bioreactor in batch and fed-batch modes for production of inulinase by solid-state fermentation. Biochem Eng J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2011.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dilipkumar M, Rajasimman M, Rajamohan N. Application of statistical design for the production of inulinase by streptomyces sp. using pressmud. Front Chem Sci Eng 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-011-1112-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Fawzi EM. Comparative study of two purified inulinases from thermophile Thielavia Terrestris NRRL 8126 and mesophile Aspergillus Foetidus NRRL 337 grown on Cichorium Intybus l. Braz J Microbiol 2011; 42:633-49. [PMID: 24031675 PMCID: PMC3769809 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838220110002000028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Revised: 06/24/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirty fungal species grown on Cichorium intybus L. root extract as a sole carbon source, were screened for the production of exo-inulinase activities. The thermophile Thielavia terrestris NRRL 8126 and mesophile Aspergillus foetidus NRRL 337 gave the highest production levels of inulinases I & II at 50 and 24 ºC respectively. Yeast extract and peptone were the best nitrogen sources for highest production of inulinases I & II at five and seven days of incubation respectively. The two inulinases I & II were purified to homogeneity by gel-filtration and ion-exchange chromatography with 66.0 and 42.0 fold of purification respectively. The optimum temperatures of purified inulinases I & II were 75 and 50 ºC respectively. Inulinase I was more thermostable than the other one. The optimum pH for activity was found to be 4.5 and 5.5 for inulinases I & II respectively. A comparatively lower Michaelis–Menten constant (2.15 mg/ml) and higher maximum initial velocity (115 µmol/min/mg of protein) for inulinase I on inulin demonstrated the exoinulinase’s greater affinity for inulin substrate. These findings are significant for its potential industrial application. The molecular mass of the inulinases I & II were estimated to be 72 & 78 kDa respectively by sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Mohamed Fawzi
- Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University , Roxy, Heliopolis, P.C.11757, Cairo , Egypt
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