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Macías Sánchez KL, González Martínez HDR, Carrera Cerritos R, Martínez Espinosa JC. In Vitro Evaluation of the Antifungal Effect of AgNPs on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1274. [PMID: 37049367 PMCID: PMC10096921 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The application of nanomaterials in the agri-food industry can lead us to the formulation of new sustainable and effective pesticides for the control of fungi such as Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol). This is a fungal plant pathogen for the tomato plant. In this work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by a green methodology from Geranium leaf extract as a reducing agent. The poisoned food technique was used to determine the percentage of inhibition of Fol mycelial growth by the action of AgNPs. They were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEOL JEM-2100, Tokyo, Japan) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS, DU 730 Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, USA). Five different concentrations of AgNPs (10, 20, 40, 75, and 150 mg/L) were evaluated in vitro in order to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) as well as the behavior of their antifungal activity in tomato fruit. Nanoparticles with spherical morphology and average diameters of 38.5 ± 18.5 nm were obtained. The maximum percentage of inhibition on the mycelial growth of Fol was 94.6 ± 0.1%, which was obtained using the AgNPs concentration of 150 mg/L and it was determined that the MIC corresponds to 75 mg/L. On the other hand, in a qualitative way, it was possible to observe an external inhibitory effect in the tomato fruit from the concentration of 10 mg/L. Finally, we can conclude that AgNPs are a viable alternative for alternative formulations applied in the agri-food industry as pesticide solutions.
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Chen R, Zhao L, Gan R, Feng Z, Cui C, Xie X, Hao F, Zhang Z, Wang L, Ran T, Wang W, Zhang S, Li Y, Zhang W, Pang M, Xiong Q, Shao G. Evidence for the Rapid and Divergent Evolution of Mycoplasmas: Structural and Phylogenetic Analysis of Enolases. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:811106. [PMID: 35145997 PMCID: PMC8822174 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.811106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasmas are a group of prokaryotes without cell walls that have evolved through several rounds of degenerative evolution. With a low cell DNA G + C content and definitively long genetic lineages, mycoplasmas are thought to be in a state of rapid evolution. However, little associated evidence has been provided. Enolase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that is widely found in all species from the three domains, and it is evolutionarily conserved. In our previous studies, enolase acted as a virulence factor and participated in cell-surface adhesion in Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Furthermore, unique loop regions were first found in the crystal structure of Mhp Eno. Here, enolase structures from Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycoplasma bovis were determined. An extra helix 7 is specific and conservatively found in almost all mycoplasma enolases, as confirmed by crystal structures and sequence alignment. Particular motifs for helix 7, which is composed of F-K/G-K-L/F-K-X-A-I, have been proposed and could be regarded as molecular markers. To our surprise, the genetic distances between any two mycoplasma enolases were obviously longer than those between the two corresponding species themselves, indicating divergent evolution of mycoplasma enolases, whereas no horizontal gene transfer was detected in mycoplasma enolase genens. Furthermore, different evolutionary patterns were adopted by different loop regions of mycoplasma enolase. Enolases from different Mycoplasma species also showed different affinities for PLG and fibronectin. Our results indicate the rapid and divergent evolution of mycoplasma enolase and mycoplasmas. This study will also aid understanding the independent evolution of Mycoplasma species after separation from their common ancestor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Gan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhixin Feng
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenxi Cui
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Xie
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Hao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Ran
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuijun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology of Ministry of Agriculture, OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Zhang, ; Maoda Pang, ; Qiyan Xiong,
| | - Maoda Pang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of MOST, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Zhang, ; Maoda Pang, ; Qiyan Xiong,
| | - Qiyan Xiong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Zhang, ; Maoda Pang, ; Qiyan Xiong,
| | - Guoqing Shao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
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Karkowska-Kuleta J, Wronowska E, Satala D, Zawrotniak M, Bras G, Kozik A, Nobbs AH, Rapala-Kozik M. Als3-mediated attachment of enolase on the surface of Candida albicans cells regulates their interactions with host proteins. Cell Microbiol 2020; 23:e13297. [PMID: 33237623 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The multifunctional protein enolase has repeatedly been identified on the surface of numerous cell types, including a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. In Candida albicans-one of the most common fungal pathogens in humans-a surface-exposed enolase form has been previously demonstrated to play an important role in candidal pathogenicity. In our current study, the presence of enolase at the fungal cell surface under different growth conditions was examined, and a higher abundance of enolase at the surface of C. albicans hyphal forms compared to yeast-like cells was found. Affinity chromatography and chemical cross-linking indicated a member of the agglutinin-like sequence protein family-Als3-as an important potential partner required for the surface display of enolase. Analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells overexpressing Als3 with site-specific deletions showed that the Ig-like N-terminal region of Als3 (aa 166-225; aa 218-285; aa 270-305; aa 277-286) and the central repeat domain (aa 434-830) are essential for the interaction of this adhesin with enolase. In addition, binding between enolase and Als3 influenced subsequent docking of host plasma proteins-high molecular mass kininogen and plasminogen-on the candidal cell surface, thus supporting the hypothesis that C. albicans can modulate plasma proteolytic cascades to affect homeostasis within the host and propagate inflammation during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Karkowska-Kuleta
- Department of Comparative Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewelina Wronowska
- Department of Comparative Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dorota Satala
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Zawrotniak
- Department of Comparative Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Grazyna Bras
- Department of Comparative Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kozik
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Angela H Nobbs
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Maria Rapala-Kozik
- Department of Comparative Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
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Zheng Z, Zhang Y, Wu X, Yang H, Ma L, Zhou M. FoMyo5 motor domain substitutions (Val 151 to Ala and Ser 418 to Thr) cause natural resistance to fungicide phenamacril in Fusarium oxysporum. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 147:119-126. [PMID: 29933981 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) is an important genus of filamentous fungi that causes many devastating diseases of agronomical plants and some opportunistic diseases of humans. Previous studies have indicated that mutations in myosin5 acquired resistance to phenamacril in Fusarium graminearum (Fg). Here, we need to determine the residues of FoMyo5 involved in the natural resistance of plant pathogenic Fo strains. Six kinds of Fo reference strains from different hosts were studied. Fungicide susceptibility testing showed that these Fo strains demonstrated different resistance or susceptibility to phenamacril, which is Fusarium-specific antifungal compound, compared with Fg species. When aligned these homologous myosin5 motor domains of these strains, we found that the substitutions (Val151 to Ala and Ser418 to Thr) in FoMyo5 cause natural resistance to phenamacril in the plant pathogenic Fo strains. And we confirmed this result by gene replacement strategy. Such a phenomenon impeded the practical development of this fungicide for controlling vascular wilt diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitian Zheng
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, MA, United States
| | - Xiaoyi Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, MA, United States
| | - He Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, MA, United States
| | - Lijun Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, MA, United States.
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
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da Rosa-Garzon NG, Laure HJ, Souza-Motta CMD, Rosa JC, Cabral H. Medium pH in submerged cultivation modulates differences in the intracellular protein profile of Fusarium oxysporum. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 47:664-672. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2017.1303610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathália Gonsales da Rosa-Garzon
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Hélen Julie Laure
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - José César Rosa
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Hamilton Cabral
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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