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Hanumegowda SM, Srinivasa C, Shivaiah A, Venkatappa MM, Shankar RL, Lakshmaiah RK, Gonchigar SJ, Sannaningaiah D. Kenaf Seed Cysteine Protease (KSCP) Inhibits the Intrinsic Pathway of the Blood Coagulation Cascade and Platelet Aggregation. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2024; 25:394-408. [PMID: 38031777 DOI: 10.2174/0113892037265109231114065204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombosis is the key event that obstructs the flow of blood throughout the circulatory system, leading to stroke, myocardial infarction and severe cardiovascular complications. Currently, available antithrombotic drugs trigger several life-threatening side effects. INTRODUCTION Antithrombotic agents from natural sources devoid of adverse effects are grabbing high attention. In our previous study, we reported the antioxidant, anticoagulant and antiplatelet properties of kenaf seed protein extract. Therefore, in the current study, purification and characterization of cysteine protease from kenaf seed protein extract responsible for potential antithrombotic activity was undertaken. METHODS Purification of KSCP (Kenaf Seed Cysteine Protease) was carried out using gel permeation and ion exchange column chromatography. The purity of the enzyme was evaluated by SDS PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl-Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis). RP-HPLC (Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography), MALDI-TOF (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-Of-Flight) and CD (Circular Dichroism techniques) were employed for its characterization. Proteolytic, fibrinolytic and kinetic study was done using spectroscopy. Plasma recalcification time, Prothrombin Time (PT), Thrombin clotting time (TCT), Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), bleeding time and platelet aggregation studies were carried out for antithrombotic activity of KSCP. RESULT A single sharp band of KSCP was observed under both reduced and non-reduced conditions, having a molecular mass of 24.1667kDa. KSCP was found to contain 30.3% helix turns and 69.7% random coils without a beta-pleated sheet. KSCP digested casein and fibrin, and its activity was inhibited by iodoacetic acid (IAA). KSCP was optimally active at pH 6.0 at the temperature of 40°C. KSCP exhibited anticoagulant properties by interfering in the intrinsic pathway of the blood coagulation cascade. Furthermore, KSCP dissolved both whole blood and plasma clots and platelet aggregation. CONCLUSION KSCP purified from kenaf seed extract showed antithrombotic potential. Hence, it could be a better candidate for the management of thrombotic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujatha M Hanumegowda
- Department of Biochemistry Jnansahydri, Kuvempu University, Shankarghatta-577451, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India
| | - Chandramma Srinivasa
- Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Tumkur University-572102, Tumkur, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashwini Shivaiah
- Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Tumkur University-572102, Tumkur, Karnataka, India
| | - Manjula M Venkatappa
- Department of Biochemistry Jnansahydri, Kuvempu University, Shankarghatta-577451, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India
| | - Rohith L Shankar
- Department of Seribiotechnology, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore-57005, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramesh K Lakshmaiah
- Department of Food Science, Maharani College for Women, University of Mysore-570004, Karnataka, India
| | - Sathisha J Gonchigar
- Department of Biochemistry Jnansahydri, Kuvempu University, Shankarghatta-577451, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India
| | - Devaraja Sannaningaiah
- Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Tumkur University-572102, Tumkur, Karnataka, India
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Srisai P, Lin HC, Liu CC, Zeng FJ, Yang YC, Chou WM. Thermostable ficin from jelly fig (Ficus pumila var. awkeotsang) latex: purification, identification and characterization. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:846-855. [PMID: 36071690 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The achenes/seeds of endemic jelly fig (Ficus pumila var. awkeotsang) fruit have been applied to prepare a traditional beverage in Taiwan. Upon fruit harvest, jelly fig latex exuded from stalks was discarded. Protease activity was monitored in its latex. Proteases capable of hydrolyzing proteins have many application aspects based on diverse characteristics. Commercial plant proteases are frequently from latex. RESULTS The latex protease of jelly fig, termed FaFicin, was purified to homogeneity with a molecular mass of ~32 kDa on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. According to liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric analyses, the expected protein band of protease was matched to ficin A, ficin B or chymopapain from common fig or papaya. Iodoacetamide, an inhibitor of cysteine protease, inhibited its protease activity completely. Hence FaFicin was identified as a papain-like cysteine protease (PLCP), exhibiting more than 80% and 70% activity as assayed at pH 5-8 and 40-70 °C, respectively. It maintained ~89% of initial activity after 120 min at 55 °C and pH 7. Moreover, FaFicin could degrade the myosin and actin of meat, and clot milk. CONCLUSION The ficin FaFicin was obtained, purified and identified as a PLCP member from agricultural waste: jelly fig latex. It possessed activity under a wide range of pH values and temperature, and exhibited excellent thermostability. Based on its initial evaluation as a meat tenderizer and milk clotting reagent, the application of FaFicin was possible, which may extend utilization of jelly fig. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parawee Srisai
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Huwei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hua-Chian Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Huwei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Chen Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Huwei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Feng-Jin Zeng
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Huwei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuan-Chang Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Huwei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wing-Ming Chou
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Huwei, Taiwan, ROC
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Structure determinants defining the specificity of papain-like cysteine proteases. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:6552-6569. [DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Wang X, He L, Zhao Q, Chen H, Shi Y, Fan J, Chen Y, Huang A. Protein function analysis of germinated Moringa oleifera seeds, and purification and characterization of their milk-clotting peptidase. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 171:539-549. [PMID: 33434550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the biological functions of germinated M. oleifera seed proteins and to identify the identity of milk-clotting proteases. A total of 963 proteins were identified, and those with molecular weights between 10 and 30 kDa were most abundant. The identified proteins were mainly involved in energy-associated catalytic activity and metabolic processes, and carbohydrate and protein metabolisms. The numbers of proteins associated with the hydrolytic and catalytic activities were higher than the matured dry M. oleifera seeds reported previously. Of the identified proteins, proteases were mainly involved in the milk-clotting activity. Especially, a cysteine peptidase with a molecular mass of 17.727 kDa exhibiting hydrolase and peptidase activities was purified and identified. The identified cysteine peptidase was hydrophilic, and its secondary structure consisted of 27.60% alpha helix, 9.20% beta fold, and 63.20% irregular curl; its tertiary structure was also constructed using M. oleifera seed 2S protein as the protein template. The optimal pH and temperature of the purified protease were pH 4.0 and 60 °C, respectively. The protease had high acidic stability and good thermostability, thus could potentially be applied in the dairy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Li He
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Haoran Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanan Shi
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiangping Fan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.
| | - Aixiang Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.
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Zhai Y, Cui Y, Song M, Vainstein A, Chen S, Ma H. Papain-Like Cysteine Protease Gene Family in Fig ( Ficus carica L.): Genome-Wide Analysis and Expression Patterns. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:681801. [PMID: 34122493 PMCID: PMC8193581 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.681801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The papain-like cysteine proteases (PLCPs) are the most abundant family of cysteine proteases in plants, with essential roles in biotic/abiotic stress responses, growth and senescence. Papain, bromelain and ficin are widely used in food, medicine and other industries. In this study, 31 PLCP genes (FcPCLPs) were identified in the fig (Ficus carica L.) genome by HMM search and manual screening, and assigned to one of nine subfamilies based on gene structure and conserved motifs. SAG12 and RD21 were the largest subfamilies with 10 and 7 members, respectively. The FcPCLPs ranged from 1,128 to 5,075 bp in length, containing 1-10 introns, and the coding sequence ranged from 624 to 1,518 bp, encoding 207-505 amino acids. Subcellular localization analysis indicated that 24, 2, and 5 PLCP proteins were targeted to the lysosome/vacuole, cytoplasm and extracellular matrix, respectively. Promoter (2,000 bp upstream) analysis of FcPLCPs revealed a high number of plant hormone and low temperature response elements. RNA-seq revealed differential expression of 17 FcPLCPs in the inflorescence and receptacle, and RD21 subfamily members were the major PLCPs expressed in the fruit; 16 and 5 FcPLCPs responded significantly to ethylene and light, respectively. Proteome analyses revealed 18 and 5 PLCPs in the fruit cell soluble proteome and fruit latex, respectively. Ficins were the major PLCP in fig fruit, with decreased abundance in inflorescences, but increased abundance in receptacles of commercial-ripe fruit. FcRD21B/C and FcALP1 were aligned as the genes encoding the main ficin isoforms. Our study provides valuable multi-omics information on the FcPLCP family and lays the foundation for further functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlei Zhai
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cui
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Miaoyu Song
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Alexander Vainstein
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shangwu Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiqin Ma
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Huiqin Ma,
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Wanderley LF, Soares AMDS, Silva CRE, Figueiredo IMD, Ferreira ATDS, Perales J, Mota HRDO, Oliveira JTA, Costa Junior LM. A cysteine protease from the latex of Ficus benjamina has in vitro anthelmintic activity against Haemonchus contortus. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2018; 27:473-480. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-296120180070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Haemonchus contortus is a gastrointestinal nematode that is responsible for high mortality rates in ruminant herds. The resistance of nematodes to synthetic anthelmintics is widespread and requires a continuous search for new bioactive molecules, such as proteins. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anthelmintic potential of a protease purified from the latex of Ficus benjamina against H. contortus . Fresh latex was collected from plants via small incisions in the green stems, the rubber was removed by centrifugation, and the latex protein extract (LPE) was obtained. After LPE fractionation with ammonium sulfate and chromatography of the fraction containing the highest proteolytic activity on CM-cellulose, a cysteine protease (FbP) was purified. FbP has a molecular mass of approximately 23.97 kDa, and its proteolytic activity was stable between pH 6.0 and pH 10 and over a broad temperature range, with optimum activity at 60 °C. FbP inhibited both the development and exsheathment of H. contortus larvae, with 50% effective concentrations of 0.26 and 0.79 mg/mL, respectively. We conclude that this cysteine protease from F. benjamina latex with anthelmintic activity against H. contortus could be a promising alternative for the development of products for use in parasite control programmes.
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Marinho CR, Pereira RAS, Peng YQ, Teixeira SP. Laticifer distribution in fig inflorescence and its potential role in the fig-fig wasp mutualism. ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Vallés D, Cantera AMB. Antiacanthain A: New proteases isolated from Bromelia antiacantha Bertol. (Bromeliaceae). Int J Biol Macromol 2018. [PMID: 29522824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Crude extract (CE) from pulp of Bromelia antiacantha Bertol. mature fruit, contains at least 3 cysteine proteases with proteolytic activity. By single step cation exchange chromatography (Hi-trap SP-HP) of partially purified CE, the protease with the lowest pI, Antiacanthain A (AntA), was isolated. It showed maximum activity at pH9, and 75% of remaining activity was maintained over a wide pH range (pH6-10). The AntA activity exhibits a constant increase up to 70°C. Maintains almost 100% of its activity at 45 at pH6 and 9. A 60% of AntA was active by titration with specific inhibitor, E64. Amidasic activity was studied with pyroglutamyl-phenyl-leucyl-paranitroaniline (PFLNA) substrate having higher AntA catalytic efficiency of (kcat/Km=470s-1M-1) relative to stem bromelain (kcat/Km=305s-1M-1). Esterase activity using p-nitrophenyl esters of N-α-CBZ-l-Lysine (z-L-LysONp) showed a 10-fold higher catalytic efficiency for AntA (kcat/Km=6376s-1M-1) relative to stem bromelain (kcat/Km=688s-1M-1). Incubation with 8M Urea did not affect AntA activity and remained unchanged for 18h, with 6M GndHCl resulted in a 41% decrease in activity after 30min incubation, maintained this activity 18h. AntA exhibits high sequence identity with proteases of the Bromeliaceae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Vallés
- Laboratorio de Enzimas Hidrolíticas, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Ana M B Cantera
- Laboratorio de Enzimas Hidrolíticas, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay; Cátedra de Bioquímica, Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
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Matagne A, Bolle L, El Mahyaoui R, Baeyens-Volant D, Azarkan M. The proteolytic system of pineapple stems revisited: Purification and characterization of multiple catalytically active forms. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 138:29-51. [PMID: 28238440 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Crude pineapple proteases extract (aka stem bromelain; EC 3.4.22.4) is an important proteolytic mixture that contains enzymes belonging to the cysteine proteases of the papain family. Numerous studies have been reported aiming at the fractionation and characterization of the many molecular species present in the extract, but more efforts are still required to obtain sufficient quantities of the various purified protease forms for detailed physicochemical, enzymatic and structural characterization. In this work, we describe an efficient strategy towards the purification of at least eight enzymatic forms. Thus, following rapid fractionation on a SP-Sepharose FF column, two sub-populations with proteolytic activity were obtained: the unbound (termed acidic) and bound (termed basic) bromelain fractions. Following reversible modification with monomethoxypolyethylene glycol (mPEG), both fractions were further separated on Q-Sepharose FF and SP-Sepharose FF, respectively. This procedure yielded highly purified molecular species, all titrating ca. 1 mol of thiol group per mole of enzyme, with distinct biochemical properties. N-terminal sequencing allowed identifying at least eight forms with proteolytic activity. The basic fraction contained previously identified species, i.e. basic bromelain forms 1 and 2, ananain forms 1 and 2, and comosain (MEROPS identifier: C01.027). Furthermore, a new proteolytic species, showing similarities with basic bomelain forms 1 and 2, was discovered and termed bromelain form 3. The two remaining species were found in the acidic bromelain fraction and were arbitrarily named acidic bromelain forms 1 and 2. Both, acidic bromelain forms 1, 2 and basic bromelain forms 1, 2 and 3 are glycosylated, while ananain forms 1 and 2, and comosain are not. The eight protease forms display different amidase activities against the various substrates tested, namely small synthetic chromogenic compounds (DL-BAPNA and Boc-Ala-Ala-Gly-pNA), fluorogenic compounds (like Boc-Gln-Ala-Arg-AMC, Z-Arg-Arg-AMC and Z-Phe-Arg-AMC), and proteins (azocasein and azoalbumin), suggesting a specific organization of their catalytic residues. All forms are completely inhibited by specific cysteine and cysteine/serine protease inhibitors, but not by specific serine and aspartic protease inhibitors, with the sole exception of pepstatin A that significantly affects acidic bromelain forms 1 and 2. For all eight protease forms, inhibition is also observed with 1,10-phenanthrolin, a metalloprotease inhibitor. Metal ions (i.e. Mn2+, Mg2+ and Ca2+) showed various effects depending on the protease under consideration, but all of them are totally inhibited in the presence of Zn2+. Mass spectrometry analyses revealed that all forms have a molecular mass of ca. 24 kDa, which is characteristic of enzymes belonging to the papain-like proteases family. Far-UV CD spectra analysis further supported this analysis. Interestingly, secondary structure calculation proves to be highly reproducible for all cysteine proteases of the papain family tested so far (this work; see also Azarkan et al., 2011; Baeyens-Volant et al., 2015) and thus can be used as a test for rapid identification of the classical papain fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Matagne
- Université de Liège, Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Repliement des Protéines, Centre d'Ingénierie des Protéines, Liège, Belgium
| | - Laetitia Bolle
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculty of Medicine, Protein Chemistry Unit, Campus Erasme (CP 609), 808 route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rachida El Mahyaoui
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculty of Medicine, Protein Chemistry Unit, Campus Erasme (CP 609), 808 route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Danielle Baeyens-Volant
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculty of Medicine, Protein Chemistry Unit, Campus Erasme (CP 609), 808 route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Azarkan
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculty of Medicine, Protein Chemistry Unit, Campus Erasme (CP 609), 808 route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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Sun Q, Zhang B, Yan QJ, Jiang ZQ. Comparative analysis on the distribution of protease activities among fruits and vegetable resources. Food Chem 2016; 213:708-713. [PMID: 27451238 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a comparative analysis on the distribution of protease activities among 90 plant resources, including fruits and vegetables, has been performed. Protease activities of plant extracts were assayed at different pH values (pH 3.0, pH 7.5 and pH 10.5) using casein as a substrate. Ten fruits and thirteen vegetables show protease activities above 10U/g. Pineapple, fig and papaya, which are used for commercial protease production, exhibited high protease activities. Additionally, high protease activities were detected in kiwifruit (28.8U/g), broccoli (16.9U/g), ginger (16.6U/g), leek (32.7U/g) and red pepper (15.8U/g) at different pH values. SDS-PAGE and zymograms confirmed that various types of proteases existed in the five plant extracts and might be explored. Furthermore, five plant extracts were treated by different protease inhibitors. These results show that there are still many plant resources unexplored, which may be promising candidates for plant-derived protease production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Qiao-Juan Yan
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zheng-Qiang Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Xu Y, Dai M, Zang J, Jiang Q, Xia W. Purification and Characterization of an Extracellular Acidic Protease of Pediococcus pentosaceus Isolated from Fermented Fish. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.21.739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanshun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University
| | - Mengjie Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University
| | - Jinhong Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University
| | - Qixing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University
| | - Wenshui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University
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