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Deng H, Zhu S, Yang H, Cui H, Guo H, Deng J, Ren Z, Geng Y, Ouyang P, Xu Z, Deng Y, Zhu Y. The Dysregulation of Inflammatory Pathways Triggered by Copper Exposure. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:539-548. [PMID: 35312958 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03171-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient for both human and animals. However, excessive intake of copper will cause damage to organs and cells. Inflammation is a biological response that can be induced by various factors such as pathogens, damaged cells, and toxic compounds. Dysregulation of inflammatory responses are closely related to many chronic diseases. Recently, Cu toxicological and inflammatory effects have been investigated in various animal models and cells. In this review, we summarized the known effect of Cu on inflammatory responses and sum up the molecular mechanism of Cu-regulated inflammation. Excessive Cu exposure can modulate a huge number of cytokines in both directions, increase and/or decrease through a variety of molecular and cellular signaling pathways including nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) pathway, JAK-STAT (Janus Kinase- signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway, and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Underlying the molecular mechanism of Cu-regulated inflammation could help further understanding copper toxicology and copper-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huidan Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Song Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Huiru Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hengmin Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Engineering of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Yaan, 625014, Sichuan, China.
| | - Hongrui Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Junliang Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yi Geng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ping Ouyang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Youtian Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yanqiu Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
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Jian Z, Guo H, Liu H, Cui H, Fang J, Zuo Z, Deng J, Li Y, Wang X, Zhao L. Oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammatory responses involved in copper-induced pulmonary toxicity in mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:16867-16886. [PMID: 32952128 PMCID: PMC7521514 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
At present, there are few studies focused on the relationship between copper (Cu) and oxidative stress, apoptosis, or inflammatory responses in animal and human lungs. This study was conducted to explore the effects of Cu on pulmonary oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammatory responses in mice orally administered with 0 mg/kg (control), 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, and 40 mg/kg of CuSO4 for 42 days. The results showed that CuSO4 increased ROS production, and MDA, 8-OHdG and NO contents as well as iNOS activities and mRNA expression levels. Meanwhile, CuSO4 reduced the activities and mRNA expression levels of antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px, CAT, and SOD) and GSH contents, and ASA and AHR abilities. Also, CuSO4 induced apoptosis, which was accompanied by decreasing Bcl-2, Bcl-xL mRNA expression levels and protein expression levels, and increasing Bax, Bak, cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-9 mRNA, and protein expression levels, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Concurrently, CuSO4 caused inflammation by increasing MPO activities and activating the NF-κB signalling pathway, and down-regulating the mRNA and protein expression levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-10). In conclusion, the abovementioned findings demonstrated that over 10 mg/kg CuSO4 can cause oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses, which contribute to pulmonary lesions and dysfunction in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Jian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongrui Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Hengmin Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Engineering of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Yaan 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Junliang Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinglun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, China
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Zhang F, Zheng W, Guo R, Yao W. Effect of dietary copper level on the gut microbiota and its correlation with serum inflammatory cytokines in Sprague-Dawley rats. J Microbiol 2017; 55:694-702. [PMID: 28865069 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-017-6627-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In China's swine industry, copper is generally supplemented above the National Research Council (NRC) requirement (2012) because of its antimicrobial properties and the potential for growth promotion. Yet few are concerned about whether this excess supplementation is necessary. In this study, the 16S rRNA pyrosequencing was designed and used to investigate the effect of dietary copper level on the diversity of the fecal microbial community and the correlation of copper level with the serum level of inflammatory cytokines in Sprague-Dawley rat models. The results showed that the diet containing a high level of Cu (120 and 240 mg/kg) changed the microbial richness and diversity of rat feces associated with the increased copper content in the rat ileac and colonic digesta. Furthermore, a Pearson's correlation analysis indicated that an accumulation of unabsorbed copper in the chyme was correlated with the microbial composition of the rat feces, which was linked with TNF-α in serum. The results suggest that dietary copper level may have a direct impact on circulating inflammatory cytokines in the serum, perhaps inducing an inflammatory response by altering the microbial composition of rat feces. Serum TNF-α could be the chief responder to excessive copper exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Weijiang Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Rong Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Wen Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China. .,Key Lab of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, P. R. China.
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Lai M, Wang D, Lin Z, Zhang Y. Small Molecule Copper and Its Relative Metabolites in Serum of Cerebral Ischemic Stroke Patients. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2016; 25:214-9. [PMID: 26573522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copper is a strong pro-oxidant. The most important pro-oxidative form in serum is small molecule copper (SMC), which is copper that is loosely bound to small molecules, such as amino acids and polypeptides. The association between copper and atherosclerotic diseases has been confirmed, but that between SMC and cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS), one of the most principal manifestations and causes of death of atherosclerotic disease, is not yet clear. METHODS We recruited 45 CIS patients and 25 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. We detected their serum levels of SMC, total copper, homocysteine (Hcy), and ceruloplasmin (CP), as well as urinary total copper, and analyzed the relationship of SMC with these aforementioned metabolites or compounds in CIS patients. RESULTS SMC was 4.2 ± .5 µg/L and 2.1 ± .9 µg/L; total copper in sera was 1345.5 ± 308.2 µg/L and 1180.3 ± 134.0 µg/L; and total copper in urine was 27.6 ± 9.3 µg/L and 18.8 ± 8.1 µg/L in patients and controls, respectively (all P < .05). Serum CP activity in CIS patients was 59.92 ± 12.11 U/L versus 37.76 ± 5.71 U/L in controls (P = .0001). The concentration of SMC was positively correlated with CP activity, Hcy concentration in sera, and urinary total copper. CONCLUSION The serum level of SMC and total copper is remarkably elevated, and SMC positively correlates with Hcy, CP activity, and urinary total copper in CIS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minchao Lai
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Dian Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zhexuan Lin
- Analytical and Testing Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Analytical and Testing Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
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Han M, Lin Z, Zhang Y. The alteration of copper homeostasis in inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharides. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 154:268-74. [PMID: 23780468 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9725-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Significant changes of copper homeostasis were triggered by lipopolysaccharides, which result in systemic inflammatory response and contribute to hepatic injury. Administration of lipopolysaccharides resulted in the increase of plasma "free" copper and total copper concentrations, whereas, the decrease of "free" copper and total copper contents in liver tissue. Copper-associated proteins were detected and showed a down-regulation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein, and up-regulation of copper metabolism domain containing 1 and copper transporter 1. The alteration of these proteins would lower the apoptotic threshold. Meanwhile, the increasing of circulation copper might cause oxidative injury through Fenton reaction and contribute to tissue injury. Our findings underscored the possibility that these changes in systemic copper homeostasis might provide a novel insight of the characteristic of the acute phase of inflammatory response and the underlying influence on tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Han
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Dongxia North Road (Zhu-Xia block), Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, People's Republic of China.
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