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Hu MJ, Wang S, Zhang Q, He JL, Zhao HH, Hu WL, Huang F. Associations between environmental exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers and nodular goiter risk: A case-control study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113345. [PMID: 35469855 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widespread and persistent environmental contaminants, but their association with nodular goiter (NG) remains unknown. The present case-control study of 179 NG cases and 358 matched normal controls aimed to investigate the association between PBDEs and risk of NG. The plasma concentrations of 8 PBDEs congeners (BDE-28, -47, -99, -100, -153, -154, -183, and -209) were determined by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. Conditional logistic regression model was used to evaluate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between each PBDEs congener and NG. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was used to evaluate the association between overall levels of 8 PBDEs mixture and NG. The results of logistic model suggested that increased risk of NG was associated with elevated concentrations of all PBDEs congeners, except for BDE-209. In BKMR model, the risk of NG increased with the increase in overall exposure level of 8 PBDEs mixture. Compared to when all PBDEs mixture were at their median value, the risk of exposure-response function for NG increased by 0.34 units when all PBDEs were at their 75th percentile. In women, the results showed similar trends after additional adjustment for age at menarche and menopausal status. These findings provide novel epidemiological evidence for the prevention of NG. However, larger prospective studies are required to address the associations between PBDEs exposure and NG risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jun Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- The Center for Scientific Research of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Jia-Liu He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Huan-Huan Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Wen-Lei Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Fen Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
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