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Zhang Z, Cheng Q, Liu Y, Peng C, Wang Z, Ma H, Liu D, Wang L, Wang C. Zinc-Enriched Yeast May Improve Spermatogenesis by Regulating Steroid Production and Antioxidant Levels in Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3712-3722. [PMID: 34664181 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02970-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is an essential nutrient for the human body. This nutrient is involved in numerous physiological functions and plays an important role in spermatogenesis. Zn-enriched yeast (ZnY) is considered a Zn supplement with high bioavailability and is widely used as a functional food. However, the effect of ZnY on male reproductive function remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of ZnY on the treatment of male spermatogenesis disorders. The spermatogenic dysfunctional mice were established by using cyclophosphamide (CP). CP was administered in saline at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw/day for 5 days by intraperitoneal injection (i.p.). Then, ZnY was orally supplemented at the dose levels of 2, 4, and 8 mg Zn/kg bw/day for 30 days. CP significantly decreased the sperm density and viability, testicular marker enzymes, serum testosterone, follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH). ZnY supplementation significantly improved these sperm parameters and hormone levels. Additionally, ZnY decreased the CP-induced lipid peroxidation and increased the glutathione levels. Moreover, ZnY increased the gene expression of anti-apoptotic proteins and steroid synthetase in mouse testes. The low-dose ZnY supplementation has a better effect on improving spermatogenesis, while the other two groups are less beneficial roles possibly due to excessive Zn intake. The present results suggest that appropriate ZnY can act as an accessory factor to improve steroid production and antioxidant levels in spermatogenic dysfunction mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyu Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Angel Nutritech Company Limited, Yichang, 443000, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Youjiao Liu
- Angel Nutritech Company Limited, Yichang, 443000, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqiong Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Ma
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Duanya Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhong Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
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Maares M, Keil C, Pallasdies L, Schmacht M, Senz M, Nissen J, Kieserling H, Drusch S, Haase H. Zinc availability from zinc-enriched yeast studied with an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell culture model. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 71:126934. [PMID: 35065468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.126934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organic zinc sources for the treatment of zinc deficiency or as a supplement to a specific diet are increasingly needed. Zinc-enriched yeast (ZnYeast) biomass is a promising nutritional supplement for this essential micronutrient. However, these products are not yet authorized in the European Union and a clear position from the European Food Safety Authority on the use of ZnYeast as a zinc supplement is pending, demanding more data on its bioavailability. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to produce a ZnYeast based on a Saccharomyces genus (S. pastorianus Rh), characterize its zinc enrichment quota, cellular distribution of zinc, and evaluate its zinc bioavailability after human digestion by comparing it to commonly used inorganic and organic zinc supplements (ZnO, ZnSO4, zinc gluconate, and zinc aspartate). METHOD AND MAIN FINDINGS The zinc-enriched S. pastorianus Rh contained 5.9 ± 1.0 mg zinc/g yeast, which was predominantly localized on the cell surface according to its characterization on the microscale with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). Combined experiments with a human in vitro digestion model and the in vitro intestinal cell model Caco-2 showed that intestinal zinc bioavailability of digested yeast biomass was comparable to the other zinc supplements, apart from ZnO, which was somewhat less bioavailable. Moreover, zinc released from digested ZnYeast was available for biological processes within the enterocytes, leading to mRNA upregulation of metallothionein, a biomarker of intestinal zinc status, and significantly elevated the cellular labile zinc pool. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that ZnYeast represents a suitable nutritional source for organically bound zinc and highlighted optimization strategies for future production of dietary ZnYeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Maares
- Technische Universität Berlin, Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany; TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany.
| | - Claudia Keil
- Technische Universität Berlin, Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luise Pallasdies
- Technische Universität Berlin, Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian Schmacht
- Department Bioprocess Engineering and Applied Microbiology, Research and Teaching Institute for Brewing in Berlin, Seestraße 13, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Senz
- Department Bioprocess Engineering and Applied Microbiology, Research and Teaching Institute for Brewing in Berlin, Seestraße 13, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Nissen
- Technische Universität Berlin, ZE Electron Microscopy, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helena Kieserling
- Technische Universität Berlin, Department of Food Technology and Food Material Sciences, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Drusch
- Technische Universität Berlin, Department of Food Technology and Food Material Sciences, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hajo Haase
- Technische Universität Berlin, Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany; TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany.
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Alsufiani HM, Alkhanbashi AS, Laswad NAB, Bakhadher KK, Alghamdi SA, Tayeb HO, Tarazi FI. Zinc deficiency and supplementation in autism spectrum disorder and Phelan-McDermid syndrome. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:970-978. [PMID: 35114017 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 1 in 36 children are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The disorder is four times more common in males than in females. Zinc deficiency and mutations in SHANK2 and SHANK3 (members of a family of excitatory postsynaptic scaffolding proteins) are all risk factors that may contribute to the pathophysiology of the disease. The presence of shankopathies (loss of one copy of the SHANK3 gene) can lead to the development of Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMDS)-a rare genetic disorder characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, poor motor tone, and ASD-like symptoms. We reviewed the relationship between zinc, ASD, and PMDS as well as the effect of zinc supplementation in improving symptoms of ASD and PMDS based on 22 studies published within 6 years (2015-2020). Zinc deficiency (assessed by either dietary intake, blood, hair, or tooth matrix) was shown to be highly prevalent in ASD and PMDS patients as well as in preclinical models of ASD and PMDS. Zinc supplements improved the behavioral deficits in animal models of ASD and PMDS. Clinical trials are still needed to validate the beneficial therapeutic effects of zinc supplements in ASD and PMDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeil M Alsufiani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa S Alkhanbashi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah A Bin Laswad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khulood K Bakhadher
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shareefa A Alghamdi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haythum O Tayeb
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Neuroscience Research Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Frank I Tarazi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School and McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
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BXD Recombinant Inbred Mice as a Model to Study Neurotoxicity. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121762. [PMID: 34944406 PMCID: PMC8698863 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BXD recombinant inbred (RI) lines represent a genetic reference population derived from a cross between C57BL/6J mice (B6) and DBA/2J mice (D2), which through meiotic recombination events possesses recombinant chromosomes containing B6 or D2 haplotype segments. The quantitative trait loci (QTLs) are the locations of segregating genetic polymorphisms and are fundamental to understanding genetic diversity in human disease susceptibility and severity. QTL mapping represents the typical approach for identifying naturally occurring polymorphisms that influence complex phenotypes. In this process, genotypic values at markers of known genomic locations are associated with phenotypic values measured in a segregating population. Indeed, BXD RI strains provide a powerful tool to study neurotoxicity induced by different substances. In this review, we describe the use of BXD RI lines to understand the underlying mechanisms of neurotoxicity in response to ethanol and cocaine, as well as metals and pesticide exposures.
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Fan X, Liu Z, Jia Z, Wei Y, Xie D, Zhang J, Wang B, Zhang X. A novel preparation for siderophore‐assisted copper and zinc enrichment in yeast. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐ying Fan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Herbal‐Tebitan Drug Screening and Deep Processing of Gansu Province Lanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
| | - Zi‐yu Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Herbal‐Tebitan Drug Screening and Deep Processing of Gansu Province Lanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
| | - Zhi‐peng Jia
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Herbal‐Tebitan Drug Screening and Deep Processing of Gansu Province Lanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
| | - Ya‐ru Wei
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Herbal‐Tebitan Drug Screening and Deep Processing of Gansu Province Lanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
| | - Dong‐dong Xie
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Herbal‐Tebitan Drug Screening and Deep Processing of Gansu Province Lanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
| | - Ji Zhang
- College of Life Sciences Northwest Normal University Lanzhou China
| | - Bei Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Herbal‐Tebitan Drug Screening and Deep Processing of Gansu Province Lanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
| | - Xin‐guo Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Herbal‐Tebitan Drug Screening and Deep Processing of Gansu Province Lanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
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Madireddy S, Madireddy S. Most Effective Combination of Nutraceuticals for Improved Memory and Cognitive Performance in the House Cricket, Acheta domesticus. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020362. [PMID: 33504066 PMCID: PMC7911739 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dietary intake of multivitamins, zinc, polyphenols, omega fatty acids, and probiotics have all shown benefits in learning, spatial memory, and cognitive function. It is important to determine the most effective combination of antioxidants and/or probiotics because regular ingestion of all nutraceuticals may not be practical. This study examined various combinations of nutrients to determine which may best enhance spatial memory and cognitive performance in the house cricket (Acheta domesticus (L.)). Methods: Based on the 31 possible combinations of multivitamins, zinc, polyphenols, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and probiotics, 128 house crickets were divided into one control group and 31 experimental groups with four house crickets in each group. Over eight weeks, crickets were fed their respective nutrients, and an Alternation Test and Recognition Memory Test were conducted every week using a Y-maze to test spatial working memory. Results: The highest-scoring diets shared by both tests were the combination of multivitamins, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids (VitZncPuf; Alternation: slope = 0.07226, Recognition Memory: slope = 0.07001), the combination of probiotics, polyphenols, multivitamins, zinc, and omega-3 PUFAs (ProPolVitZncPuf; Alternation: slope = 0.07182, Recognition Memory: slope = 0.07001), the combination of probiotics, multivitamins, zinc, and omega-3 PUFAs (ProVitZncPuf; Alternation: slope = 0.06999, Recognition Memory: slope = 0.07001), and the combination of polyphenols, multivitamins, zinc, and omega-3 PUFAs (PolVitZncPuf; Alternation: slope = 0.06873, Recognition Memory: slope = 0.06956). Conclusion: All of the nutrient combinations demonstrated a benefit over the control diet, but the most significant improvement compared to the control was found in the VitZncPuf, ProVitZncPuf, PolVitZncPuf, and ProPolVitZncPuf. Since this study found no significant difference between the performance and improvement of subjects within these four groups, the combination of multivitamins, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids (VitZncPuf) was concluded to be the most effective option for improving memory and cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samskruthi Madireddy
- Independent Researcher, 1353 Tanaka Drive, San Jose, CA 95131, USA
- Correspondence:
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