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Long L, Han X, Ma X, Li K, Liu L, Dong J, Qin B, Zhang K, Yang K, Yan H. Protective effects of fisetin against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:3177-3188. [PMID: 32266013 PMCID: PMC7132235 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanism of the myocardial protective effect of fisetin was studied in a rat ischemia/reperfusion injury model. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to seven groups and pretreated with different solutions by gavage administration. A rat model of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury was established. Plasma levels of Von Willebrand factor (vWF) were determined by ELISA, flow cytometry was used to determine the level of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium staining was used to determine the size of myocardial infarcts. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections of myocardial tissues were examined for pathological changes. Expressions of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) were measured by immunohistochemistry. Compared with the model group, rats pretreated with fisetin, quercetin and aspirin showed significant prolongation of clotting time, prothrombin time, thrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. Fisetin treatment better maintained the integrity of myocardial fibers and nuclear integrity, reduced the percentage of apoptotic myocardial cells, inhibited expression of NF-κB, decreased the loss of MMP-9 and reduced nuclear translocation of NF-kB. Rats pretreated with fisetin also demonstrated a significant decrease in plasma levels of vWF. In addition, the protective effect of fisetin on myocardial cells was found to be dose dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Long
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, P.R. China
| | - Xuliang Han
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, P.R. China
| | - Xingming Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, P.R. China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, P.R. China
| | - Linjie Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, P.R. China
| | - Juanni Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, P.R. China
| | - Bei Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Kelin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, P.R. China
| | - Kuan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Honglin Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, P.R. China
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Mazo T, D'Annunzio V, Donato M, Perez V, Zaobornyj T, Gelpi RJ. Dyslipidemia in Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1127:117-130. [PMID: 31140175 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-11488-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. Although reperfusion therapies are currently the best treatment for this entity, the restoration of blood flow leads, under certain circumstances, to a form of myocardial damage called reperfusion injury. Several studies have shown that age, sex, smoking, diabetes and dyslipidemia are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Among these risk factors, dyslipidemias are present in 40% of patients with ischemic heart disease and represent the clinical factor with the greatest impact on the prognosis of patients with cardiovascular diseases. It is known that during reperfusion the increase of the oxidative stress is perhaps one of the most important mechanisms implicated in cell damage. That is why several researchers have studied protective mechanisms against reperfusion injury, such as the ischemic pre- and post- conditioning, making emphasis mainly on the reduction of oxidative stress. However, few of these efforts have been successfully translated into the clinical setting. The controversial results in regards to the relation between cardioprotective mechanisms and dyslipidemia/hypercholesterolemia are mainly due to the difference among quality, composition and the time of administration of hypercholesterolemic diets, as well as the difference in the species used in each of the studies. Therefore, in order to compare results, it is crucial that all variables that could modify the obtained results are taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Mazo
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiopathology and Department of Pathology and Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (IBIMOL UBA-CONICET), Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Veronica D'Annunzio
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiopathology and Department of Pathology and Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (IBIMOL UBA-CONICET), Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martin Donato
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiopathology and Department of Pathology and Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (IBIMOL UBA-CONICET), Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Virginia Perez
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiopathology and Department of Pathology and Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (IBIMOL UBA-CONICET), Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tamara Zaobornyj
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (IBIMOL UBA-CONICET) School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ricardo J Gelpi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiopathology and Department of Pathology and Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (IBIMOL UBA-CONICET), Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Wu N, Li W, Shu W, Lv Y, Jia D. Inhibition of Rho-kinase by fasudil restores the cardioprotection of ischemic postconditioninng in hypercholesterolemic rat heart. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:2517-24. [PMID: 25231456 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic postconditioning (IPoC) reduces lethal reperfusion injury under normal conditions, but its effectiveness is blocked by hypercholesterolemia. The present study aimed to determine whether the inhibition of Rho‑kinase by fasudil restores the cardioprotection of IPoC in the hypercholesterolemic rat heart, and to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying this process. The isolated rat hearts underwent 30 min global ischemia and 120 min reperfusion. IPoC was induced by six cycles of 10 sec ischemia and 10 sec reperfusion at the onset of the reperfusion. Fasudil was administered 15 min prior to ischemia, and wortmannin and L‑NAME were administered following IPoC. The myocardial infarct size, apoptosis, myocardial nitric oxide (NO) content and Rho‑kinase activity, as well as the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase/Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (PI3K/Akt/eNOS) pathway, were examined. The results revealed that IPoC and 1 µM fasudil treatment alone failed to reduce the infarct size and apoptosis rate. However, IPoC combined with 1 µM fasudil treatment or 10 µM fasudil treatment alone restored the cardioprotection as evidenced by the decreasing in infarct size and apoptosis rate, whereas it was blocked by the administration of wortmannin or L‑NAME. Furthermore, IPoC combined with 1 µM fasudil treatment also enhanced the phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS and conferred a significant increase in the content of NO. By contrast, no significant improvements were demonstrated in the phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS, as well as myocardial NO content when treated with 1 µM fasudil and IPoC alone. The inhibition of Rho‑kinase by fasudil was able to restore the cardioprotection of IPoC in the hypercholesterolemic rat heart. The underlying mechanisms involved in this process appear to be mediated by the activation of the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signal pathway and an increase in the myocardial NO content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Wenna Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Wenqi Shu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yan Lv
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Dalin Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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