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Ferrisi C, Loreni F, Nenna A, Giacinto O, Lusini M, Chello M. Bioengineering Approaches and Novel Biomaterials to Enhance Sternal Wound Healing after Cardiac Surgery: A Crosstalk between Innovation and Surgical Practice. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:254. [PMID: 39330230 PMCID: PMC11432903 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15090254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Median sternotomy and steel wires for sternal closure are the standard approach for cardiac surgery. An incomplete repair associated with chest wall motion, especially in the presence of predisposing factors, can lead to life-threatening deep sternal wound infection, also known as mediastinitis, in 2-5% of cases. Despite current antibiotic and surgical treatments, mediastinitis is associated with a 10-40% mortality rate and a significant increase in morbidity and hospital stay. High mortality and difficult treatment appear to be due to bacterial biofilm, a self-produced extracellular polymeric product that incorporates host tissue and is responsible for the failure of immune defenses and standard antimicrobial therapies. Nanostructures are an effective strategy to enhance the healing process, as they establish a favorable environment for the neosynthesis of the extracellular matrix, supporting tissue development. Synthetic polymers have been proven to exhibit suitable biodegradable and mechanical properties, and their biofunctionalization to enhance cell attachment and interaction with the extracellular matrix is being widely investigated. The use of antibiotic treatments suspended in poly-D,L-lactide and polyethylene oxide and electrospun into nanofibers, or in sponges, has been shown to inhibit bacterial biofilm production. Additionally, growth factors can be incorporated into 3D bioresorbable scaffolds with the aim of constituting a structural and biological framework to organize and expedite the healing process. Therefore, these combined approaches may change the treatment of mediastinitis in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ferrisi
- Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Loreni
- Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Nenna
- Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Omar Giacinto
- Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Lusini
- Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Chello
- Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
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Dong L, Li X, Leng W, Guo Z, Cai T, Ji X, Xu C, Zhu Z, Lin J. Adipose stem cells in tissue regeneration and repair: From bench to bedside. Regen Ther 2023; 24:547-560. [PMID: 37854632 PMCID: PMC10579872 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
ADSCs are a large number of mesenchymal stem cells in Adipose tissue, which can be applied to tissue engineering. ADSCs have the potential of multi-directional differentiation, and can differentiate into bone tissue, cardiac tissue, urothelial cells, skin tissue, etc. Compared with other mesenchymal stem cells, ADSCs have a multitude of promising advantages, such as abundant number, accessibility in cell culture, stable function, and less immune rejection. There are two main methods to use ADSCs for tissue repair and regeneration. One is to implant the "ADSCs-scaffold composite" into the injured site to promote tissue regeneration. The other is cell-free therapy: using ADSC-exos or ADSC-CM alone to release a large number of miRNAs, cytokines and other bioactive substances to promote tissue regeneration. The tissue regeneration potential of ADSCs is regulated by a variety of cytokines, signaling molecules, and external environment. The differentiation of ADSCs into different tissues is also induced by growth factors, ions, hormones, scaffold materials, physical stimulation, and other factors. The specific mechanisms are complex, and most of the signaling pathways need to be further explored. This article reviews and summarizes the mechanism and clinical application of ADSCs in tissue injury repair so far, and puts forward further problems that need to be solved in this field, hoping to provide directions for further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Wenyuan Leng
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Zhenke Guo
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Tianyu Cai
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xing Ji
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Chunru Xu
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Zhenpeng Zhu
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, 100034, China
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Hao Z, Qi W, Sun J, Zhou M, Guo N. Review: Research progress of adipose-derived stem cells in the treatment of chronic wounds. Front Chem 2023; 11:1094693. [PMID: 36860643 PMCID: PMC9968763 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1094693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although methods are used to treat wounds clinically, there are still many challenges in the treatment of chronic wounds due to excessive inflammatory response, difficulties in epithelialization, vascularization, and other factors. With the increasing research on adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in recent years, accumulating evidence has shown that ADSCs scan promotes the healing of chronic wounds by regulating macrophage function and cellular immunity and promoting angiogenesis and epithelialization. The present study reviewed the difficulties in the treatment of chronic wounds, as well as the advantages and the mechanism of ADSCs in promoting the healing of chronic wounds, to provide a reference for the stem cell therapy of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiaming Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Muran Zhou
- *Correspondence: Muran Zhou, ; Nengqiang Guo,
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Wang YY, Hung AC, Wu YC, Lo S, Chen HD, Chen YK, Hsieh YC, Hu SCS, Hou MF, Yuan SSF. ADSCs stimulated by resistin promote breast cancer cell malignancy via CXCL5 in a breast cancer coculture model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15437. [PMID: 36104403 PMCID: PMC9475041 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19290-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment represents one of the main obstacles in breast cancer treatment owing to the presence of heterogeneous stromal cells, such as adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), that may interact with breast cancer cells and promote cancer development. Resistin is an adipocytokine associated with adverse breast cancer progression; however, its underlying mechanisms in the context of the breast tumor microenvironment remain largely unidentified. Here, we utilized a transwell co-culture model containing patient-derived ADSCs and breast cancer cell lines to investigate their potential interaction, and observed that breast cancer cells co-cultured with resistin-treated ADSCs (R-ADSCs) showed enhanced cancer cell growth and metastatic ability. Screening by proteome arrays revealed that C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5) was released in the conditioned medium of the co-culture system, and phosphorylated ERK was increased in breast cancer cells after co-culture with R-ADSCs. Breast cancer cells treated with the recombinant proteins of CXCL5 showed similarly enhanced cell migration and invasion ability as occurred in the co-culture model, whereas application of neutralizing antibodies against CXCL5 reversed these phenomena. The orthotopic xenograft in mice by breast cancer cells after co-culture with R-ADSCs had a larger tumor growth and more CXCL5 expression than control. In addition, clinical analysis revealed a positive correlation between the expression of resistin and CXCL5 in both tumor tissues and serum specimens of breast cancer patients. The current study suggests that resistin-stimulated ADSCs may interact with breast cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment via CXCL5 secretion, leading to breast cancer cell malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Yun Wang
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Amos C Hung
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Wu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Steven Lo
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Huan-Da Chen
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuk-Kwan Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Oral Pathology and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ching Hsieh
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Stephen Chu-Sung Hu
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shyng-Shiou F Yuan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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Fang HA, Soto E, Pigg R, Smith M, Boyd CJ, Ananthasekar S, Fix RJ, Kilic A, Denney B, Patcha P, Myers RP, de la Torre JI, Collawn S. The Safety of Fat Grafting: An Institutional Retrospective Review. Ann Plast Surg 2022; 88:S473-S477. [PMID: 35690941 PMCID: PMC9893916 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous fat grafting is a popular technique for volume replacement in the breast and face. The efficacy, safety, and complication rate of this technique at the division of plastic surgery at the University of Alabama at Birmingham will be described in this review. METHODS An institutional review board-approved retrospective review of patients undergoing fat grafting procedures from January 2015 to July 2018 was performed. Records were reviewed for fat graft recipient site, donor site, amount grafted, and complications. Continuous variables were compared using either a t test or one-way analysis of variance test. Categorical data were compared using χ2 test. A P value of 0.05 or less was considered statistically significant for all comparisons. RESULTS A total of 396 patients who underwent fat grafting procedures of the face and body from January 2015 through July 2018 met inclusion criteria. Average amount of fat grafted for all grafts was 124.4 +/- 6.74 grams. Two hundred fifty of the grafts (62.7%) involved the bilateral breasts with an average of 140.6 +/- 93.97 g used, 70 per side. Of the 396 patients, 110 (27.8%) experienced complications. Forty three of the complications (10.9%) were considered to be major, which included hematomas/seromas, fat necrosis, dermatitis/cellulitis, and infection. No statistical differences were seen among recipient site complication rate. Types of minor complications were statistically significant per recipient sites with bilateral breasts more likely to experience asymmetry than the other recipient sites (20% for bilateral breasts vs 16% overall, P < 0.05). Fifty nine of the 110 patients (53.6%) had the complications reported to be resolved. CONCLUSIONS Fat grafting is a reliable method for volumization of the breasts and face. Minor complications were not infrequent in this case series; however, no life-threatening complications were observed. Continued work needs to be done to use fat grafting beyond traditional measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Amanda Fang
- University of Alabama in Birmingham School of Medicine, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Edgar Soto
- University of Alabama in Birmingham School of Medicine, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Ricky Pigg
- University of Alabama in Birmingham School of Medicine, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Metta Smith
- University of Alabama in Birmingham School of Medicine, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Carter J. Boyd
- University of Alabama in Birmingham School of Medicine, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Shivani Ananthasekar
- University of Alabama in Birmingham School of Medicine, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - R. Jobe Fix
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Ali Kilic
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Brad Denney
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Prasanth Patcha
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - René P. Myers
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jorge I. de la Torre
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Sherry Collawn
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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