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Shang G, Niu X, Tong Q, Zhao Y, Yin J, Zhou X, Xu J, Cao Y, Cheng F, Bao B, Li Z, Yao W. Integrated metabolomic and lipidomic analysis revealed the protective mechanisms of Erzhi Wan on senescent NRK cells through BRL cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117482. [PMID: 38000520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Erzhi Wan (EZW), as a prescription of traditional Chinese medicine, has been used for tonifying the liver and kidney. Although past studies have shown that EZW has potential anti-aging effect, the mechanisms associated with cellular metabolomics and lipidomics are not fully understood. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to evaluate the anti-aging effect of EZW and investigate the mechanisms associated with cellular metabolomics and lipidomics. MATERIALS AND METHODS EZW solution at dosage of 3.6 g/kg in Sprague-Dawley rats was orally administered twice a day for 7 days and serum containing EZW was then collected. NRK cell senescence model induced by D-galactose was established in vitro, and non-contact co-culture cell assay was performed between senescent NRK cells and BRL cells intervened by serum containing EZW. The anti-aging effect of EZW on NRK cells was evaluated by metabolites identification, differential metabolites screening and metabolic pathways analysis through cellular metabolomics with GC-MS and lipidomics with UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS. RESULTS Serum containing EZW indicated a protective effect through intervening BRL cells in non-contact co-culture system with D-gal-induced senescent NRK cells. For metabolic profiles, 71 endogenous metabolites were identified, among which 24 significantly differential metabolites were screened as metabolomics potential biomarkers. For lipidic profiles, 64 lipid components were identified in NRK cell samples under positive ion mode, among which 24 potential biomarkers of lipids were screened, mainly including PC and PE. 127 lipid components were identified in NRK cell samples under negative ion mode, among which 59 potential biomarkers of lipids were screened, including FA, PC, PE, PI and PS. Metabolic pathway analysis demonstrated that the identified differential metabolites found mainly involved in amino acids metabolism, energy metabolism and phospholipid biosynthesis pathways. CONCLUSION Serum containing EZW exhibited protective effect on D-gal-induced senescent NRK cells through intervening BRL cells by mainly regulating amino acids metabolism, energy metabolism and phospholipid biosynthesis pathways to possess its anti-aging function, providing a theoretical basis for clinical treatment of EZW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanxiong Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xuan Niu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Qingheng Tong
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jiu Yin
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xiaoqi Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jia Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yudan Cao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Fangfang Cheng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Beihua Bao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China.
| | - Weifeng Yao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Cui Z, Guo FY, Li L, Lu F, Jin CH, Wang X, Liu F. Brazilin-7-acetate, a novel potential drug of Parkinson's disease, hinders the formation of α-synuclein fibril, mitigates cytotoxicity, and decreases oxidative stress. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 264:115965. [PMID: 38056304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) aggregates. However, there are currently no effective therapies for PD. Brazilin, an inhibitor of α-Syn aggregation, is unstable and toxic. Therefore, we have developed and synthesized derivatives of brazilin. One of these derivatives, called brazilin-7-acetate (B-7-A), has shown reduced toxicity and a stronger effect on inhibiting α-Syn aggregation. It showed that B-7-A prevented the formation of α-Syn fibers and disrupted existing fibers in a dosage-dependent manner. Additionally, B-7-A significantly reduced the cytotoxicity of α-Syn aggregates and alleviated oxidative stress in PC12 cells. The beneficial effects of B-7-A were also confirmed using the Caenorhabditis elegans model. These effects included preventing the accumulation of α-Syn clumps, improving behavior disorder, increasing lifespan, reducing oxidative stress, and protecting against lipid oxidation and loss. Finally, B-7-A showed good ADMET properties in silico. Based on these findings, B-7-A exhibits potential as a prospective treatment for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Cui
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang-Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Science, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, China
| | - Fuping Lu
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng-Hua Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Xiangming Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Fufeng Liu
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin, China.
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Elmorsy E, Al-Ghafari A, Al Doghaither H, Hashish S, Salama M, Mudyanselage AW, James L, Carter WG. Differential Effects of Paraquat, Rotenone, and MPTP on Cellular Bioenergetics of Undifferentiated and Differentiated Human Neuroblastoma Cells. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1717. [PMID: 38137165 PMCID: PMC10741680 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ), rotenone (RO), and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) are neurotoxicants that can damage human health. Exposure to these neurotoxicants has been linked to neurodegeneration, particularly Parkinson's disease. However, their mechanisms of action have not been fully elucidated, nor has the relative vulnerability of neuronal subtypes to their exposures. To address this, the current study investigated the cytotoxic effects of PQ, RO, and MPTP and their relative effects on cellular bioenergetics and oxidative stress on undifferentiated human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells and those differentiated to dopaminergic (DA) or cholinergic (CH) phenotypes. The tested neurotoxicants were all cytotoxic to the three cell phenotypes that correlated with both concentration and exposure duration. At half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50s), there were significant reductions in cellular ATP levels and reduced activity of the mitochondrial complexes I and III, with a parallel increase in lactate production. PQ at 10 µM significantly decreased ATP production and mitochondrial complex III activity only in DA cells. RO was the most potent inhibitor of mitochondrial complex 1 and did not inhibit mitochondrial complex III even at concentrations that induced a 50% loss of cell viability. MPTP was the most potent toxicant in undifferentiated cells. All neurotoxicants significantly increased reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and nuclear expression of Nrf2, with a corresponding inhibition of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase. At a 10 µM exposure to PQ or RO, oxidative stress biomarkers were significant in DA cells. Collectively, this study underscores the importance of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in PQ, RO, and MPTP-induced cytotoxicity and that neuronal phenotypes display differential vulnerability to these neurotoxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekramy Elmorsy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayat Al-Ghafari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.-G.); (H.A.D.)
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda Al Doghaither
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.-G.); (H.A.D.)
| | - Sara Hashish
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology, The American University in Cairo (AUC), Cairo 11385, Egypt; (S.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Mohamed Salama
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology, The American University in Cairo (AUC), Cairo 11385, Egypt; (S.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Anusha W. Mudyanselage
- Clinical Toxicology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby DE22 3DT, UK; (A.W.M.); (L.J.)
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihuloya 70140, Sri Lanka
| | - Lipta James
- Clinical Toxicology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby DE22 3DT, UK; (A.W.M.); (L.J.)
| | - Wayne G. Carter
- Clinical Toxicology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby DE22 3DT, UK; (A.W.M.); (L.J.)
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Hardy MLM, Lakhiani D, Morris MB, Day ML. Proline and Proline Analogues Improve Development of Mouse Preimplantation Embryos by Protecting Them against Oxidative Stress. Cells 2023; 12:2640. [PMID: 37998375 PMCID: PMC10670569 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The culture of embryos in the non-essential amino acid L-proline (Pro) or its analogues pipecolic acid (PA) and L-4-thiazolidine carboxylic acid (L4T) improves embryo development, increasing the percentage that develop to the blastocyst stage and hatch. Staining of 2-cell and 4-cell embryos with tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate showed that the culture of embryos in the presence of Pro, or either of these analogues, reduced mitochondrial activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS), respectively, indicating potential mechanisms by which embryo development is improved. Inhibition of the Pro metabolism enzyme, proline oxidase, by tetrahydro-2-furoic-acid prevented these reductions and concomitantly prevented the improved development. The ways in which Pro, PA and L4T reduce mitochondrial activity and ROS appear to differ, despite their structural similarity. Specifically, the results are consistent with Pro reducing ROS by reducing mitochondrial activity while PA and L4T may be acting as ROS scavengers. All three may work to reduce ROS by contributing to the GSH pool. Overall, our results indicate that reduction in mitochondrial activity and oxidative stress are potential mechanisms by which Pro and its analogues act to improve pre-implantation embryo development.
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The Age-Accompanied and Diet-Associated Remodeling of the Phospholipid, Amino Acid, and SCFA Metabolism of Healthy Centenarians from a Chinese Longevous Region: A Window into Exceptional Longevity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204420. [PMID: 36297104 PMCID: PMC9612356 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
As centenarians provide a paradigm of healthy aging, investigating the comprehensive metabolic profiles of healthy centenarians is of utmost importance for the pursuit of health and longevity. However, relevant reports, especially studies considering the dietary influence on metabolism, are still limited, mostly lacking the guidance of a model of healthy aging. Therefore, exploring the signatures of the integrative metabolic profiles of the healthy centenarians from a famous longevous region, Bama County, China, should be an effective way. The global metabolome in urine and the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the feces of 30 healthy centenarians and 31 elderly people aged 60−70 from the longevous region were analyzed by non-targeted metabolomics combined with metabolic target analysis. The results showed that the characteristic metabolites related to longevity were mostly summarized into phosphatidylserine, lyso-phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, bile acids, and amino acids (p < 0.05). Six metabolic pathways were found significant relevant to longevity. Furthermore, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, and total SCFA were significantly increased in the centenarian group (p < 0.05) and were also positively associated with the dietary fiber intake (p < 0.01). It was age-accompanied and diet-associated remodeling of phospholipid, amino acid, and SCFA metabolism that expressed the unique metabolic signatures related to exceptional longevity. This metabolic remodeling is suggestive of cognitive benefits, better antioxidant capacity, the attenuation of local inflammation, and health-span-promoting processes, which play a critical and positive role in shaping healthy aging.
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Deterioration in the Quality of Recalcitrant Quercus robur Seeds during Six Months of Storage at Subzero Temperatures: Ineffective Activation of Prosurvival Mechanisms and Evidence of Freezing Stress from an Untargeted Metabolomic Study. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12080756. [PMID: 36005628 PMCID: PMC9413681 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) is an economically important forest-forming species in Poland that produces seeds that are sensitive to desiccation; therefore, short-lived seeds are classified as recalcitrant. Such seeds display active metabolism throughout storage. Acorns stored under controlled conditions (moisture content of 40%, temperature −3 °C) maintain viability for up to 1.5–2 years. Meanwhile, oaks only produce large numbers of seeds every few years during so-called mast years. This results in a scarcity of good-quality seeds for continuous nursery production and restoration. The recalcitrant storage behavior and the requirements of foresters make it necessary to develop a new protocol for longer acorn storage at lower temperatures. Two storage temperatures were tested: −3 °C (currently used in forest practice) and −7 °C. Our results showed that acorns stored for six months exhibited deterioration and reduced germination capacity, as well as reduced seedling performance, particularly when acorns were stored at −7 °C. To elucidate the decrease in quality during storage, an untargeted metabolomics study was performed for the first time and supported with the analysis of carbohydrates and percentages of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). Embryonic axes were characterized by a lower C:N ratio and higher hydration. A total of 1985 metabolites were detected, and 303 were successfully identified and quantified, revealing 44 known metabolites that displayed significantly up- or downregulated abundance. We demonstrated for the first time that the significant deterioration of seed germination potential, particularly in seeds stored at −7 °C, was accompanied by an increased abundance of phenolic compounds and carbohydrates but also amino acids and phosphorylated monosaccharides, particularly in the embryonic axes. The increased abundance of defense-related metabolites (1,2,4-Benzenetriol; BTO), products of ascorbic acid degradation (threonic and isothreonic acid), as well as antifreezing compounds (sugar alcohols, predominantly threitol), was reported in seed stored at −7 °C. We hypothesize that seed deterioration was caused by freezing stress experienced during six months of storage at −7 °C, a decline in antioxidative potential and the unsuccessful rerouting of the energy-production pathways. Additionally, our data are a good example of the application of high-throughput metabolomic tools in forest management.
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Comparative Metabolomics Study of the Impact of Articaine and Lidocaine on the Metabolism of SH-SY5Y Neuronal Cells. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12070581. [PMID: 35888705 PMCID: PMC9323911 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12070581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Articaine (ATC) and lidocaine (LDC) are the local anesthetics (LAs) currently most employed in dentistry. Cases of paresthesia, reported more frequently for ATC, have raised concerns about their potential neurotoxicity, calling for further investigation of their biological effects in neuronal cells. In this work, the impact of ATC and LDC on the metabolism of SH-SY5Y cells was investigated through 1H NMR metabolomics. For each LA, in vitro cultured cells were exposed to concentrations causing 10 and 50% reductions in cell viability, and their metabolic intracellular and extracellular profiles were characterized. Most effects were common to ATC and LDC, although with varying magnitudes. The metabolic variations elicited by the two LAs suggested (i) downregulation of glycolysis and of glucose-dependent pathways (e.g., one-carbon metabolism and hexosamine biosynthetic pathway), (ii) disturbance of branched chain amino acids (BCAA) catabolism, (iii) downregulation of TCA cycle anaplerotic fueling and activation of alternative energy producing pathways, (iv) interference with choline metabolism and (v) lipid droplet build-up. Interestingly, LDC had a greater impact on membrane phospholipid turnover, as suggested by higher phosphatidylcholine to phosphocholine conversion. Moreover, LDC elicited an increase in triglycerides, whereas cholesteryl esters accumulated in ATC-exposed cells, suggesting a different composition and handling of lipid droplets.
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Hu Y, Shen X, Liu F, Zhu W. Phoenixin-14 Ameliorates Cellular Senescence Against Morphine in M17 Neuronal Cells. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:498-507. [PMID: 35298792 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00489-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Drug dependence on morphine is commonly accompanied by neurodegenerative disorders. A previous study showed that prolonged exposure to morphine induces cellular senescence in neuronal cells by reducing telomere length. Phoenixin-14 is a newly discovered brain peptide with pleiotropic roles. However, it is unknown whether phoenixin-14 possesses a beneficial property against morphine-induced cellular senescence. Our results show that morphine reduced the expression of G protein-coupled receptor 173 (GPR173) in M17 neuronal cells. Therefore, we speculated that phoenixin-14, as a ligand for GPR173, may be involved in the morphine-mediated response in M17 cells. Further, we found that phoenixin-14 mitigated morphine-induced oxidative stress by reducing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in M17 neuronal cells. The morphine-induced cellular senescence in M17 neuronal cells was prevented by phoenixin-14. Phoenixin-14 resolved the morphine-caused cell cycle arrest with significant changes in the expression levels of p21, cyclin-dependent kinases 6 (CDK6), and p-Rb. It also elevated the telomerase activity and restored the expressions of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and TERF2 in morphine-induced M17 neuronal cells. Furthermore, phoenixin-14 restored the yes-associated protein (YAP) expression against morphine in M17 neuronal cells. Knockdown of YAP abolished the beneficial effects of phoenixin-14 on cellular senescence against morphine induction. Taken together, these aggregate data demonstrate that phoenixin-14 prevented cellular senescence against morphine induction in M17 neuronal cells via regulating YAP expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghe Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, No. 1558, Sanhuan North RoadZhejiang Province, Wuxing District, Huzhou City, 313099, China
| | - Xinxin Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, No. 1558, Sanhuan North RoadZhejiang Province, Wuxing District, Huzhou City, 313099, China
| | - Feifan Liu
- Department of Rheumatism, Huzhou Third People's Hospital, 2088 Tiaoxi East RoadZhejiang Province, Wuxing District, Huzhou City, 313002, No, China
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, No. 1558, Sanhuan North RoadZhejiang Province, Wuxing District, Huzhou City, 313099, China.
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Redox Regulation and Oxidative Stress in Mammalian Oocytes and Embryos Developed In Vivo and In Vitro. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111374. [PMID: 34769890 PMCID: PMC8583213 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oocytes and preimplantation embryos require careful regulation of the redox environment for optimal development both in vivo and in vitro. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated throughout development as a result of cellular metabolism and enzyme reactions. ROS production can result in (i) oxidative eustress, where ROS are helpful signalling molecules with beneficial physiological functions and where the redox state of the cell is maintained within homeostatic range by a closely coupled system of antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes, or (ii) oxidative distress, where excess ROS are deleterious and impair normal cellular function. in vitro culture of embryos exacerbates ROS production due to a range of issues including culture-medium composition and laboratory culture conditions. This increase in ROS can be detrimental not only to assisted reproductive success rates but can also result in epigenetic and genetic changes in the embryo, resulting in transgenerational effects. This review examines the effects of oxidative stress in the oocyte and preimplantation embryo in both the in vivo and in vitro environment, identifies mechanisms responsible for oxidative stress in the oocyte/embryo in culture and approaches to reduce these problems, and briefly examines the potential impacts on future generations.
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In Vitro Fertilisation of Mouse Oocytes in L-Proline and L-Pipecolic Acid Improves Subsequent Development. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061352. [PMID: 34072568 PMCID: PMC8229504 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure of oocytes to specific amino acids during in vitro fertilisation (IVF) improves preimplantation embryo development. Embryos fertilised in medium with proline and its homologue pipecolic acid showed increased blastocyst formation and inner cell mass cell numbers compared to embryos fertilised in medium containing no amino acids, betaine, glycine, or histidine. The beneficial effect of proline was prevented by the addition of excess betaine, glycine, and histidine, indicating competitive inhibition of transport-mediated uptake. Expression of transporters of proline in oocytes was investigated by measuring the rate of uptake of radiolabelled proline in the presence of unlabelled amino acids. Three transporters were identified, one that was sodium-dependent, PROT (SLC6A7), and two others that were sodium-independent, PAT1 (SLC36A1) and PAT2 (SLC36A2). Immunofluorescent staining showed localisation of PROT in intracellular vesicles and limited expression in the plasma membrane, while PAT1 and PAT2 were both expressed in the plasma membrane. Proline and pipecolic acid reduced mitochondrial activity and reactive oxygen species in oocytes, and this may be responsible for their beneficial effect. Overall, our results indicate the importance of inclusion of specific amino acids in IVF medium and that consideration should be given to whether the addition of multiple amino acids prevents the action of beneficial amino acids.
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Darcy J, Fang Y, McFadden S, Lynes MD, Leiria LO, Dreyfuss JM, Bussburg V, Tolstikov V, Greenwood B, Narain NR, Kiebish MA, Bartke A, Tseng YH. Integrated metabolomics reveals altered lipid metabolism in adipose tissue in a model of extreme longevity. GeroScience 2020; 42:1527-1546. [PMID: 32632845 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue plays an essential role in metabolic health. Ames dwarf mice are exceptionally long-lived and display metabolically beneficial phenotypes in their adipose tissue, providing an ideal model for studying the intersection between adipose tissue and longevity. To this end, we assessed the metabolome and lipidome of adipose tissue in Ames dwarf mice. We observed distinct lipid profiles in brown versus white adipose tissue of Ames dwarf mice that are consistent with increased thermogenesis and insulin sensitivity, such as increased cardiolipin and decreased ceramide concentrations. Moreover, we identified 5-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (5-HEPE), an ω-3 fatty acid metabolite, to be increased in Ames dwarf brown adipose tissue (BAT), as well as in circulation. Importantly, 5-HEPE is increased in other models of BAT activation and is negatively correlated with body weight, insulin resistance, and circulating triglyceride concentrations in humans. Together, these data represent a novel lipid signature of adipose tissue in a mouse model of extreme longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Darcy
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yimin Fang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatric Research, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Samuel McFadden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatric Research, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Matthew D Lynes
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luiz O Leiria
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases (CRID), Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jonathan M Dreyfuss
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrzej Bartke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatric Research, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Yu-Hua Tseng
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Guan Y, Zhao X, Liu F, Yan S, Wang Y, Du C, Cui X, Li R, Zhang CX. Pathogenic Mutations Differentially Regulate Cell-to-Cell Transmission of α-Synuclein. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:159. [PMID: 32595456 PMCID: PMC7303300 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that the cell-to-cell spread of pathological α-synuclein (α-syn) plays important roles in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). PD patients who carry α-syn gene mutations often have an earlier onset and more severe clinical symptoms and pathology than sporadic PD cases who carry the wild-type (WT) α-syn gene. However, the molecular mechanism by which α-syn gene mutations promote PD remains unclear. Here, we hypothesized that pathogenic mutations facilitate the intercellular transfer and cytotoxicity of α-syn, favoring an early disease onset and faster progression. We investigated the effects of eight known pathogenic mutations in human α-syn (A18T, A29S, A30P, E46K, H50Q, G51D, A53E, and A53T) on its pathological transmission in terms of secretion, aggregation, intracellular level, cytotoxicity, seeding, and induction of neuroinflammation in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, cultured rat neurons, and microglia, and the rat substantia nigra pars compacta. We found that 2 of the 8 mutations (H50Q and A53T) significantly increased α-syn secretion while 6 mutations (A18T, A29S, A30P, G51D, A53E, and E46K) tended to enhance it. In vitroα-syn aggregation experiments showed that H50Q promoted while G51D delayed aggregation most strongly. Interestingly, 3 mutations (E46K, H50Q, and G51D) greatly increased the intracellular α-syn level when cultured cells were treated with preformed α-syn fibrils (PFFs) compared with the WT, while the other 5 had no effect. We also demonstrated that H50Q, G51D, and A53T PFFs, but not E46K PFFs, efficiently seeded in vivo and acutely induced neuroinflammation in rat substantia nigra pars compacta. Our data indicate that pathogenic mutations augment the prion-like spread of α-syn at different steps and blockade of this pathogenic propagation may serve as a promising therapeutic intervention for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Guan
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Huaxin Hospital, First Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengwei Liu
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxin Yan
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yalong Wang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cuilian Du
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Xiuyu Cui
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rena Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital and Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Claire Xi Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Hlapisi N, Motaung TE, Linganiso LZ, Oluwafemi OS, Songca SP. Encapsulation of Gold Nanorods with Porphyrins for the Potential Treatment of Cancer and Bacterial Diseases: A Critical Review. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2019; 2019:7147128. [PMID: 31182957 PMCID: PMC6515112 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7147128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer and bacterial diseases have been the most incidental diseases to date. According to the World Health Report 2018, at least every family is affected by cancer around the world. In 2012, 14.1 million people were affected by cancer, and that figure is bound to increase to 21.6 million in 2030. Medicine therefore sorts out ways of treatment using conventional methods which have been proven to have many side effects. Researchers developed photothermal and photodynamic methods to treat both cancer and bacterial diseases. These methods pose fewer effects on the biological systems but still no perfect method has been synthesized. The review serves to explore porphyrin and gold nanorods to be used in the treatment of cancer and bacterial diseases: porphyrins as photosensitizers and gold nanorods as delivery agents. In addition, the review delves into ways of incorporating photothermal and photodynamic therapy aimed at producing a less toxic, more efficacious, and specific compound for the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nthabeleng Hlapisi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zululand, X1001, KwaDlangezwa, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Tshwafo E. Motaung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zululand, X1001, KwaDlangezwa, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Linda Z. Linganiso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zululand, X1001, KwaDlangezwa, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Oluwatobi S. Oluwafemi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
- Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sandile P. Songca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kwazulu Natal, Kwazulu Natal, South Africa
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Canfield CA, Bradshaw PC. Amino acids in the regulation of aging and aging-related diseases. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE OF AGING 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tma.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Wu S, Lei L, Song Y, Liu M, Lu S, Lou D, Shi Y, Wang Z, He D. Mutation of hop-1 and pink-1 attenuates vulnerability of neurotoxicity in C. elegans: the role of mitochondria-associated membrane proteins in Parkinsonism. Exp Neurol 2018; 309:67-78. [PMID: 30076829 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered as a critical mechanism in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Increasing evidence supports the notion of mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) in mitochondrial dysfunction; yet little is known about the role of MAMs-related proteins in the pathogenesis of PD. Herein we exposed the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to 0.5-10.0 μM rotenone (RO) or 0.2-1.6 mM paraquat (PQ) for 3 days. Our results showed that both RO and PQ induced similar Parkinsonism including motor deficits and dopaminergic degeneration. RO/PQ caused mitochondrial damages characterized by the increase of vacuole areas and autophagy vesicles, but the decrease of mitochondrial cristae. RO/PQ-impacted mitochondrial function was also demonstrated by the decrease of ATP level and mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, the attachment or surrounding of endoplasmic reticulum to the damaged mitochondria indicates ultrastructural alterations in MAMs. Using fluorescently labeled transgenic nematodes, we further found that the expression of tomm-7 and genes of Complex I, II and III was reduced, whereas the expression of pink-1 was increased in the exposed animals. To determine MAMs in toxicity toward PD, we investigated the mutants of hop-1 and pink-1, encoding presenilin and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) in mitochondria-associated membranes, respectively. Results demonstrated that the mutation of both hop-1 and pink-1 reduced the vulnerability of lethal, behavioral, and mitochondrial toxicity induced by RO/PQ. These findings suggest that presenilin and PINK1 play important roles in the RO/PQ-induced neurotoxicity through the mechanisms involved in mitochondria-associated membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Wu
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500# DongChuan RD, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lili Lei
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500# DongChuan RD, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yang Song
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500# DongChuan RD, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mengting Liu
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500# DongChuan RD, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shibo Lu
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500# DongChuan RD, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Dan Lou
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore 21205, USA
| | - Yonghong Shi
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518# Ziyue RD, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore 21205, USA.
| | - Defu He
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500# DongChuan RD, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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