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Wu Y, Mohd Sani SB, Peng K, Lin T, Tan C, Huang X, Li Z. Research progress of the Otubains subfamily in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 179:117348. [PMID: 39208669 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In cancer research, oncogenesis can be affected by modulating the deubiquitination pathway. Ubiquitination regulates proteins post-translationally in variety of physiological processes. The Otubain Subfamily includes OTUB1 (ovarian tumor-associated proteinase B1) and OTUB2(ovarian tumor-associated proteinase B2). They are deubiquitinating enzymes, which are research hotspots in tumor immunotherapy, with their implications extending across the spectrum of tumor development. Understanding their important role in tumorigenesis, includ-ing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is crucial. HCC has alarming global incidence rates and mortality statistics, ranking among the top five prevalent cancers in Malaysia1. Numerous studies have consistently indicated significant expression of OTUB1 and OTUB2 in HCC cells. In addition, OTUB1 has important biological functions in cancer, suggesting its important role in tumorigenesis. However, the mechanism underlying the action of OTUB1 and OTUB2 in liver cancer remains inadequately explored. Therefore, Otubain Subfamily, as potential molecular target, holds promise for advancing HCC treatments. However, further clinical studies are required to verify its efficacy and application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang 13200, Malaysia.
| | - Sa'udah Badriah Mohd Sani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang 13200, Malaysia.
| | - Ke Peng
- Department of Neurology, School of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, China.
| | - Tao Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Anyang People's Hospital, Anyang, Henan 450000, China.
| | - Chenghao Tan
- Department of Social Science, Universiti Sain Malaysia, Gelugor, Penang 11700, Malaysia.
| | | | - Zhengrui Li
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China.
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2
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Li H, Liang L, Li J. Transcriptomic Profiling in Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer Induced by Microwave Ablation. Int J Endocrinol 2024; 2024:6674506. [PMID: 38779358 PMCID: PMC11111303 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6674506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) serve as the immune system's primary transportation hub outside of the affected ablated tissue. This study aims to explore the transcriptomic profiling of the immune response in PBMCs induced by microwave ablation (MWA) in low-risk thyroid cancer. Methods For eight patients diagnosed with low-risk thyroid cancer, 10 ml of peripheral venous blood was collected before MWA as well as one day and one month after MWA. mRNA was extracted from PBMCs for transcriptome next-generation gene sequencing and qRT-PCR analyses. The plasma samples were used for chemokine detection purposes. Results One day and one month after MWA, there were significant changes in GSEA, particularly in the NF-kappa B-TNFα pathway, inflammatory response, and early and late estrogen response. Common changes in differently expressed genes resulted in a significant downregulation of tumor-promoting genes (BCL3, NR6A1, and PFKFB3). One day after low-risk thyroid cancer MWA, GO enrichment analysis mainly revealed processes related to oxygen transport and other pathways. One month after MWA, GO enrichment analysis mainly revealed regulation of toll-like receptor signaling and other pathways. Furthermore, inflammation-related cytokines and regulatory genes, as well as tumor-promoting cytokines and regulatory genes, were downregulated after MWA. Conclusions This study presents a comprehensive profile of the systemic immune response induced by thermal ablation for treating low-risk thyroid cancer. More significantly, this study provides valuable insight into potential references for systemic antitumor immunity of ablation against low-risk thyroid cancer. This trial is registered with ChiCTR1900024544.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huarong Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianming Li
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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3
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Mirjat D, Kashif M, Roberts CM. Shake It Up Baby Now: The Changing Focus on TWIST1 and Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer and Other Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17539. [PMID: 38139368 PMCID: PMC10743446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
TWIST1 is a transcription factor that is necessary for healthy neural crest migration, mesoderm development, and gastrulation. It functions as a key regulator of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process by which cells lose their polarity and gain the ability to migrate. EMT is often reactivated in cancers, where it is strongly associated with tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Early work on TWIST1 in adult tissues focused on its transcriptional targets and how EMT gave rise to metastatic cells. In recent years, the roles of TWIST1 and other EMT factors in cancer have expanded greatly as our understanding of tumor progression has advanced. TWIST1 and related factors are frequently tied to cancer cell stemness and changes in therapeutic responses and thus are now being viewed as attractive therapeutic targets. In this review, we highlight non-metastatic roles for TWIST1 and related EMT factors in cancer and other disorders, discuss recent findings in the areas of therapeutic resistance and stemness in cancer, and comment on the potential to target EMT for therapy. Further research into EMT will inform novel treatment combinations and strategies for advanced cancers and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dureali Mirjat
- Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA
| | - Muhammad Kashif
- Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA
| | - Cai M. Roberts
- Department of Pharmacology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
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Kazemi M, Montazersaheb S, Noroozpour M, Farajnia S, Nozad Charoudeh H. Modulatory Effect of Vitamin C on Hypoxia Induced Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:792-798. [PMID: 38022819 PMCID: PMC10676544 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Eliminating cancer stem cells (CSCs) is a challenge because of their enhanced resistance to anti-cancer drugs. Vitamin C, which is insufficient in patients with higher stages of cancer, has been gaining attention as a potential treatment for human malignancies. Hence this study aimed to analyze the effect of high-dose vitamin C treatment on the gene expression level of HIF-1α, NF-κB1, BAX, and DNMT1 in the MCF7 cells undergoing hypoxia, as an inducer of CSCs characteristics. As a result, vitamin C could be possibly used as a promising therapeutic adjuvant. Methods Here we first analyzed the breast CSC population alteration in MCF7 cells following hypoxia induction. Then, we evaluated the impact of vitamin C treatment on the gene expression level of four stemness-related genes in hypoxic MCF7 cells. Results Our results indicate that vitamin C could reduce proliferation and stemness states in CSCs possibly by induction of apoptotic markers such as BAX, along with attenuating stemness markers, including NF-κB1, and DNMT1 gene expressions. Conclusion According to our findings, vitamin C administration would become a new approach to avoiding the stimulation of CSCs during cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Kazemi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Montazersaheb
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mina Noroozpour
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Safar Farajnia
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Han Y, Yu SM, Shah FH, Kim SJ. Subversive molecular role of Krüppel-like factor 5 in extracellular matrix degradation and chondrocyte dedifferentiation. Funct Integr Genomics 2022; 22:1307-1313. [PMID: 35931836 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-022-00892-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder worldwide and a leading cause of pain and disability. However, the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis has not been elucidated. Krüppel-like factor (KLF)-5 is involved in several biological processes, including inflammation and cell differentiation, but its role in OA has not been evaluated. In this study, we investigated the role of KLF-5 in chondrocyte differentiation. KLF-5 overexpression in chondrocytes induced a loss of type II collagen expression and sulfated proteoglycan synthesis at the transcriptional and translational levels. Based on immunofluorescence staining, the ectopic expression of KLF-5 reduced type II collagen expression. In contrast, with KLF-5-transfected cells, KLF-5 siRNA transfection-induced type II expression also blocked dedifferentiation caused by the overexpression of KLF-5. In zebra fish, KLF-5 reduced the sulfated proteoglycan synthesis of ceratobranchial cartilage. Our results suggest that KLF-5 plays a pivotal role in the dedifferentiation of rabbit articular cartilage and zebra fish, providing a basis for therapeutic strategy for osteoarthritis aimed at controlling cartilage destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Mi Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Fahad Hassan Shah
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Ja Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588, Republic of Korea.
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Yi D, Zhang D, Zeng Z, Zhang S, Li M, Zhang Y. MicroRNA-144-3p Represses the Growth and EMT of Thyroid Cancer via the E2F2/TNIK Axis in Cells and Male BALB/c Nude Mice. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6586857. [PMID: 35579981 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT microRNA (miR/miRNA)-144-3p has been implicated in thyroid cancer (TC) progression with poorly identified mechanisms. Furthermore, E2F2 has been documented to assume a role in the development of various cancers. OBJECTIVE This research sought to ascertain the role of miR-144-3p in growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in TC in cells and male BALB/c nude mice. METHODS In the obtained TC cells, miR-144-3p expression was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and E2F2 and TNIK expression by Western blot analysis. After gain- and loss-of-function assays, cell viability, clone formation, migration, and invasion were assessed by cell counting kit-8, clone formation, scratch, and Transwell assays. The expression of EMT-related proteins (Snail, Vimentin, N-cadherin, and E-cadherin) was tested by Western blot analysis. The targeting relationship between miR-144-3p and E2F2 was evaluated by dual-luciferase reporter and radioimmunoprecipitation assays, and the binding relationship between E2F2 and TNIK by dual-luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. TC cell growth in vivo was determined by subcutaneous tumorigenesis assays in nude mice. RESULTS miR-144-3p was downregulated, whereas E2F2 and TNIK were upregulated in TC cells. Mechanistically, miR-144-3p inversely targeted E2F2, which increased TNIK expression by binding to TNIK promoter in TC cells. Overexpression of miR-144-3p reduced proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of FRO and KTC3 cells, which was nullified by overexpressing E2F2 or TNIK expression. Upregulation of miR-144-3p diminished FRO cell growth and EMT in nude mice, which was abrogated by overexpressing TNIK. CONCLUSION miR-144-3p inhibits cell growth and EMT in TC through E2F2/TNIK axis inactivation in cells and male BALB/c nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan 410005, P. R. China
| | - Dongxin Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan 410005, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Zeng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan 410005, P. R. China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan 410005, P. R. China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan 410005, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management Center, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan 410005, P. R. China
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LI Y, WEN X, WU J, XIANG D, QUAN J. Expression and correlation of cycde-2 protein and nuclear factor kB in serum of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.125521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjing LI
- Chongqing Jiangjin District Central Hospital, China
| | - Xing WEN
- Chongqing Jiangjin District Central Hospital, China
| | - Jie WU
- The Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, China
| | - Debing XIANG
- Chongqing Jiangjin District Central Hospital, China
| | - Jin QUAN
- Chongqing Jiangjin District Central Hospital, China
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8
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Zhu X, Wang X, Gong Y, Deng J. E-cadherin on epithelial-mesenchymal transition in thyroid cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:695. [PMID: 34930256 PMCID: PMC8690896 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02344-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma is a common malignant tumor of endocrine system and head and neck. Recurrence, metastasis and high malignant expression after routine treatment are serious clinical problems, so it is of great significance to explore its mechanism and find action targets. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with tumor malignancy and invasion. One key change in tumour EMT is low expression of E-cadherin. Therefore, this article reviews the expression of E-cadherin in thyroid cancers (TC), discuss the potential mechanisms involved, and outline opportunities to exploit E-cadherin on regulating the occurrence of EMT as a critical factor in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Yifei Gong
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Junlin Deng
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China
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Ye R, Liu D, Guan H, AiErken N, Fang Z, Shi Y, Zhang Y, Wang S. AHNAK2 promotes thyroid carcinoma progression by activating the NF-κB pathway. Life Sci 2021; 286:120032. [PMID: 34627772 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma metastasis is the main reason for treatment failure; therefore, understanding the regulatory mechanisms of thyroid carcinoma metastasis is critical to treat patients with thyroid carcinoma. The present study aimed to investigate the role of AHNAK Nucleoprotein 2 (AHNAK2) in thyroid carcinoma metastasis. AHNAK2 was found to be upregulated in thyroid carcinoma tissues, especially in metastatic thyroid carcinoma tissues. Patients with high AHNAK2 expression had poor prognosis. AHNAK2 knockdown inhibited thyroid carcinoma migration, invasion, and metastasis. Mechanistic analysis showed that AHNAK2 knockdown reduced thyroid carcinoma progression by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway activity. The results identified a novel target to treat metastatic thyroid carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runyi Ye
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongwei Liu
- Department of General Practice,The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Hongyu Guan
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - NiJiati AiErken
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, ShenZhen 518107, China
| | - Zeng Fang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yawei Shi
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunjian Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shenming Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Viana BPPB, Gomes AVP, Gimba ERP, Ferreira LB. Osteopontin Expression in Thyroid Cancer: Deciphering EMT-Related Molecular Mechanisms. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101372. [PMID: 34680488 PMCID: PMC8533224 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common tumor arising from the endocrine system and generally presents good prognosis. However, its aggressive subtypes are related to therapeutic resistance and early metastasis. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reverse process, the mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET), are key events mediating cancer progression, including in thyroid cancer. The matricellular protein osteopontin (OPN) has been reported as a master regulator of EMT in many tumor types. Although high OPN expression has been described and associated with important aspects of thyroid cancer progression, there is no clear evidence regarding OPN as a regulator of EMT in thyroid cancer. Thus, taking together the known roles of OPN in the modulation of EMT in cancer and the information reporting the expression of OPN in thyroid tumor progression, this review aims at summarizing and discussing data related to EMT in thyroid cancer and its putative relation to the roles of OPN in the development of thyroid cancer. These data provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms by which OPN could potentially modulate EMT in thyroid tumors, generating evidence for future studies that may contribute to new therapeutic, prognostic and/or diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Prunes Pena Baroni Viana
- Grupo de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Praça da Cruz Vermelha, 23, 6° andar, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, CEP, Brazil; (B.P.P.B.V.); (A.V.P.G.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Oncologia, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37, 3° andar, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, CEP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Vitória Pampolha Gomes
- Grupo de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Praça da Cruz Vermelha, 23, 6° andar, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, CEP, Brazil; (B.P.P.B.V.); (A.V.P.G.)
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Frei Caneca, 94, Rio de Janeiro 20211-010, CEP, Brazil
| | - Etel Rodrigues Pereira Gimba
- Grupo de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Praça da Cruz Vermelha, 23, 6° andar, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, CEP, Brazil; (B.P.P.B.V.); (A.V.P.G.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Oncologia, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37, 3° andar, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, CEP, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Recife 1-7, Bela Vista, Rio das Ostras 28880-000, CEP, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biomédicas, Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto Biomédico, Av. Prof. Hernani Melo, 101, Niterói 24210-130, CEP, Brazil
- Correspondence: (E.R.P.G.); (L.B.F.)
| | - Luciana Bueno Ferreira
- Grupo de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Praça da Cruz Vermelha, 23, 6° andar, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, CEP, Brazil; (B.P.P.B.V.); (A.V.P.G.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Oncologia, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37, 3° andar, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, CEP, Brazil
- Correspondence: (E.R.P.G.); (L.B.F.)
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Yang C, Liu Y, Fang K. Thymosin β10 mediates the effects of microRNA-184 in the proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of BCPAP cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:742. [PMID: 34055058 PMCID: PMC8138264 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the endocrine system. It has been reported that thymosin β10 (TMSB10) serves a vital role in tumor invasion and metastasis, and further understanding the role of TMSB10 in thyroid cancer may provide new insights into the development of novel targeted drugs. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that there might exist a regulatory relationship between miR-184 and TMSB10. Therefore, the expression of microRNA (miR)-184 was investigated in the TPC-1 and BCPAP thyroid cancer cell lines and the Nthy-ori 3-1 thyroid epithelial cell line via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The effect of miR-184 on BCPAP cell proliferation was evaluated using MTT and colony formation assays. In addition, the expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated proteins were examined via western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining. Furthermore, the targeting association between miR-184 and TMSB10 was verified using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Notably, miR-184 overexpression attenuated BCPAP cell proliferation, increased the expression level of the epithelial marker E-cadherin, and decreased that of the mesenchymal marker vimentin. These effects were reversed in BCPAP cells following TMSB10 overexpression. The present study revealed that TMSB10 may be considered as a key mediator in promoting papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cell proliferation and EMT, which were negatively regulated by miR-184. Therefore, the findings of the present study may provide a novel potential therapeutic target for attenuating PTC cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Yunni Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Kun Fang
- Department of Surgery, Yinchuan Women and Children's Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
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12
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Zhang P, Zhang H, Dong W, Wang Z, Qin Y, Wu C, Dong Q. IL-34 is a potential biomarker for the treatment of papillary thyroid cancer. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23335. [PMID: 32573824 PMCID: PMC7439428 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interleukin (IL)‐34 is a recently discovered pro‐inflammatory cytokine and is a vital regulator in different tumor types. However, the function of IL‐34 in thyroid carcinoma has yet to be investigated. In this study, we analyzed the expression of IL‐34 in human papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) samples and determined its effects on the proliferation and apoptosis of PTC cells. Methods We examined the expression of IL‐34 in serum and tissue samples of patients with PTC by Western blotting and ELISA assay and analyzed its association with clinicopathological features including tumor size, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, and lymph node metastasis (LNM). We selected TPC1 and K1 for knockdown or overexpressing of IL‐34 via small interference RNA transfection. The proliferation of PTC cells was evaluated by CCK8 assay. We further investigated the role of IL‐34 in apoptosis by flow cytometry and studied the protein levels of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers, phosphorylated extracellular‐regulated kinase (ERK), and total‐ERK (t‐ERK) by Western blotting. Results Our results show that IL‐34 is significantly upregulated in serum and tissue samples from patients with PTC. IL‐34 promotes the proliferation and suppresses apoptosis in PTC cells. In addition, IL‐34 can promote the EMT and activate ERK signaling pathway in PTC cells. Conclusion This study provides novel evidence that IL‐34 serves as an oncogene in PTC. IL‐34 promotes proliferation, EMT phenotype, and ERK signaling pathway and inhibits apoptosis in PTC cells. Therefore, IL‐34 may be a potent therapeutic target for the treatment of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenwu Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Changhao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of General Surgery, The People's Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Chen G, Gao Y, Wang G, Dai G, Tong L. MiR-145 inhibits the migration and invasion of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells through NF-κB pathway regulation. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:3325-3332. [PMID: 31907977 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most prevalent cancer in the endocrine system, and the number of patients diagnosed with PTC has been increasing rapidly in recent years. Previous studies have reported that miR-145 plays an important role in many kinds of cancers, but its function in PTC remains unclear. In this study, we found that compared to paracancerous tissues, the level of miR-145 expression was significantly downregulated in PTC tissues. When miR-145 is overexpressed, migration and invasion of PTC cells were suppressed in vitro. In addition, we found that miR-145 downregulated the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway in PTC cells. Taken together, our data suggest that miR-145 functions as a tumor suppressor in PTC with the suppressive effect related to downregulation of the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengyu Chen
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Gangpu Wang
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guofeng Dai
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Tong
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Zhou B, Xu J, Chen Y, Gao S, Feng X, Lu X. miR-200b/c-RAP1B axis represses tumorigenesis and malignant progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma through inhibiting the NF-κB/Twist1 pathway. Exp Cell Res 2019; 387:111785. [PMID: 31877303 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a common endocrine malignancy with an increasing occurrence and recurrence. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been widely acknowledged to be participated in human cancers. However, how these miRNAs exert roles and potential mechanisms in PTC regulatory networks is still lacking. The purpose of our study lies in discovering the regulatory basis of miR-200b/c and Rap1b for PTC tumorigenesis and malignant progression, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms. Herein, miR-200b/c expression was sharply dropped and Rap1b expression was up-regulated in PTC cells and tissues samples when compared to normal thyroid epithelial cells and normal tissues. miR-200b/c targeted Rap1 directly and negatively regulated its expression. miR-200b/c overexpression suppressed proliferative, colony forming, migratory and invasive capabilities and EMT as well as elevated apoptosis of PTC cells through inhibiting Rap1b. Furthermore, xenograft experiments showed miR-200b/c overexpression constrained growth of PTC xenograft and EMT. miR-200b/c inhibited NF-κB/Twist1 signals via regulating the Rap1b expression in cells and animal models. Taken together, our study suggested that upregulation of miR-200b/c-RAP1B axis constrained PTC cell proliferation, invasion, migration and EMT. Also, the upregulation of miR-200b/c-RAP1B leaded to elevated apoptosis through inhibiting the NF-κB/Twist1 pathway, thus inhibiting PTC tumorigenesis and malignant progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, PR China; Department of Oncology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, Henan, PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, Henan, PR China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Oncology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, Henan, PR China
| | - Shegan Gao
- Department of Oncology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaoshan Feng
- Department of Oncology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiubo Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, PR China.
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15
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Chong ST, Tan KM, Kok CYL, Guan SP, Lai SH, Lim C, Hu J, Sturgis C, Eng C, Lam PYP, Ngeow J. IL13RA2 Is Differentially Regulated in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma vs Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:5573-5584. [PMID: 31290966 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2019-00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The interleukin-13 receptor alpha2 (IL13RA2), which is known to be overexpressed in glioblastoma multiforme, plays a role in various cellular processes such as cell migration that may contribute to tumor progression. Studies have attributed IL13RA2 to invasion and metastasis in cancers of the ovary, breast, and pancreas, but the pathological role of IL13RA2 in thyroid cancer is still unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate IL13RA2 expression in thyroid carcinomas and to examine the role of IL13RA2 in the progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS IL13RA2 immunochemical staining was performed on tissue microarrays of 137 thyroid carcinomas from patients, and the differential profile of IL13RA2 was validated in thyroid cancer cell lines. In PTC cell lines, we functionally assessed the effects of IL13RA2 underexpression and overexpression on cell proliferation, cell migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by using CCK-8, transwell migration assay, quantitative RT-PCR, and Western blot analysis. RESULTS IL13RA2 expression was significantly correlated with advanced tumor T stage (pT3 or pT4; P = 0.001) and regional lymph node metastasis (pN1; P < 0.001). The staining scores of IL13RA2 were significantly higher in PTC compared with follicular subtypes (P < 0.001) and correlated with advanced tumor stage among PTC samples (pT3 or pT4; P = 0.028). Knockdown of IL13RA2 in B-CPAP cells significantly reduced cell viability, cell migration, and EMT markers including N-cadherin, Vimentin, and Snail. Exogenous overexpression of IL13RA2 in K1 cells increased cell migration and EMT, although cell proliferation was not affected. CONCLUSION IL13RA2 is differentially regulated in PTC and is involved in cell migration by enhancing EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siao Ting Chong
- Cancer Genetics Service, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Khee Ming Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Catherine Y L Kok
- Cellular and Molecular Research Division, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Shou Ping Guan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Division, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Siang Hui Lai
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Cindy Lim
- Department of Clinical Trials and Epidemiological Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiancheng Hu
- Cellular and Molecular Research Division, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Charles Sturgis
- Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Charis Eng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, and Germline High Risk Cancer Focus Group, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Paula Y P Lam
- Cellular and Molecular Research Division, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Joanne Ngeow
- Cancer Genetics Service, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore
- Oncology Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore
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Fuziwara CS, Saito KC, Kimura ET. Interplay of TGFβ signaling and microRNA in thyroid cell loss of differentiation and cancer progression. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2019; 63:536-544. [PMID: 31482959 PMCID: PMC10522270 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer has been rapidly increasing in prevalence among humans in last 2 decades and is the most prevalent endocrine malignancy. Overall, thyroid-cancer patients have good rates of long-term survival, but a small percentage present poor outcome. Thyroid cancer aggressiveness is essentially related with thyroid follicular cell loss of differentiation and metastasis. The discovery of oncogenes that drive thyroid cancer (such as RET, RAS, and BRAF), and are aligned in the MAPK/ERK pathway has led to a new perspective of thyroid oncogenesis. The uncovering of additional oncogene-modulated signaling pathways revealed an intricate and active signaling cross-talk. Among these, microRNAs, which are a class of small, noncoding RNAs, expanded this cross-talk by modulating several components of the oncogenic network - thus establishing a new layer of regulation. In this context, TGFβ signaling plays an important role in cancer as a dual factor: it can exert an antimitogenic effect in normal thyroid follicular cells, and promote epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cell migration, and invasion in cancer cells. In this review, we explore how microRNAs influence the loss of thyroid differentiation and the increase in aggressiveness of thyroid cancers by regulating the dual function of TGFβ. This review provides directions for future research to encourage the development of new strategies and molecular approaches that can improve the treatment of aggressive thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Seigi Fuziwara
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Kelly Cristina Saito
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Edna Teruko Kimura
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Zhang M, Shi B, Zhang K. miR-186 Suppresses the Progression of Cholangiocarcinoma Cells Through Inhibition of Twist1. Oncol Res 2019; 27:1061-1068. [PMID: 31072421 PMCID: PMC7848398 DOI: 10.3727/096504019x15565325878380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of miR-186 and Twist1 has been identified to be involved in the progression of multiple cancers. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying miR-186-involved cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are still unknown. In this study, we found that miR-186 was downregulated in CCA tissues and cell lines, and negatively correlated with the expression of Twist1 protein. In vitro assays demonstrated that miR-186 mimics repressed cell proliferation, in vivo tumor formation, and caused cell cycle arrest. miR-186 mimics also inhibited the migration and invasion of CCLP1 and SG-231 cells. Mechanistically, the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of Twist1 mRNA is a direct target of miR-186. Further, miR-186 inhibited the expressions of Twist1, N-cadherin, vimentin, and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) proteins, whereas it increased the expression of E-cadherin in CCLP1 and SG-231 cells. Silencing of Twist1 expression enhanced the inhibitory effects of miR-186 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CCLP1 and SG-231 cells. In conclusion, miR-186 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) through targeting Twist1 in human CCA. Thus, miR-186/Twist1 axis may benefit the development of therapies for CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Baochang Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
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18
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Liu J, Ke F, Cheng H, Zhou J. Traditional Chinese medicine as targeted treatment for epithelial-mesenchymal transition-induced cancer progression. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:1068-1079. [PMID: 30431663 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program, which loosens cell-cell adhesion complexes, endows cells with enhanced migratory and invasive properties. Furthermore, this process facilitates both the development of drug resistance and immunosuppression by tumor cells, which preclude the successful treatment of cancer. Recent research has demonstrated that many signaling pathways are involved in EMT progression. In addition, cancer stem cells (CSCs), vasculogenic mimicry (VM) and the tumor-related immune microenvironment all play important roles in tumor formation. However, there are few reports on the relationships between EMT and these factors. In addition, in recent years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has developed a unique system for treating cancer. In this review, we summarize the crucial signaling pathways associated with the EMT process in cancer patients and discuss the interconnections between EMT and other molecular factors (such as CSCs, VM, and the tumor-related immune microenvironment). We attempt to identify common regulators that might be potential therapeutic targets to thereby optimize tumor treatment. In addition, we outline recent research on TCM approaches that target EMT and thereby provide a foundation for further research on the exact mechanisms by which TCMs affect EMT in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Liu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Ke
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Haibo Cheng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinrong Zhou
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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19
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Ma Y, Sun Y. miR-29a-3p inhibits growth, proliferation, and invasion of papillary thyroid carcinoma by suppressing NF-κB signaling via direct targeting of OTUB2. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 11:13-23. [PMID: 30588107 PMCID: PMC6301296 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s184781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is closely involved in cancer development. Downregulation of miR-29a-3p and its tumor suppressive roles in cancer have been revealed by multiple reporters. However, study of its expression pattern and function in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is rare. Materials and methods The expression of miR-29a-3p in PTC tissues and cells was detected by qPCR. CCK-8, plate clone formation, transwell invasion, Western blot, immunohistochem-istry, and luciferase reporter assays were carried out to identify the target of miR-29a-3p and explore its roles and mechanisms in PTC. Results Deregulated miR-29a-3p in PTC tissues and cell lines were revealed by qPCR. Restoring miR-29a-3p expression significantly inhibited growth, proliferation, and invasion of PTC cells demonstrated by CCK-8, plate clone formation, and transwell assays. Luciferase reporter assays showed miR-29a-3p can directly target OTUB2 in PTC cells. Ectopic expression of OTUB2 can antagonize the effects of miR-29a-3p on cell growth, proliferation, and invasion of PTC. Mechanistically, OTUB2 overexpression can activate NF-κB signaling mostly by stabilizing TRAF6. Upregulated OTUB2 expression was observed in PTC tissues via immunohistochemistry analysis. Moreover, OTUB2 showed a positive correlation to metastatic status and showed a negative correlation to the overall survival rate in PTC patients. Conclusion Deregulated miR-29a-3p can promote cell growth, proliferation, and invasion in PTC. OTUB2 is a direct downstream target of miR-29a-3p in PTC, and it mediates the effects of deregulated miR-29a-3p by activating TRAF6-associated NF-κB signaling in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Ma
- Department of Fourth Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China,
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Fourth Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China,
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20
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Nimmakayala RK, Batra SK, Ponnusamy MP. Unraveling the journey of cancer stem cells from origin to metastasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1871:50-63. [PMID: 30419314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer biology research over recent decades has given ample evidence for the existence of self-renewing and drug-resistant populations within heterogeneous tumors, widely recognized as cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, a lack of clear understanding about the origin, existence, maintenance, and metastatic roles of CSCs limit efforts towards the development of CSC-targeted therapy. In this review, we describe novel avenues of current CSC biology. In addition to cell fusion and horizontal gene transfer, CSCs are originated by mutations in somatic or differentiated cancer cells, resulting in de-differentiation and reprogramming. Recent studies also provided evidence for the existence of distinct or heterogeneous CSC populations within a single heterogeneous tumor. Our analysis of the literature also opens the doors for a novel hypothesis that CSC populations with specific phenotypes, metabolic profiles, and clonogenic potential metastasize to specific organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Krishna Nimmakayala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA.
| | - Moorthy P Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA.
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21
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Chen LL, Gao GX, Shen FX, Chen X, Gong XH, Wu WJ. SDC4 Gene Silencing Favors Human Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Apoptosis and Inhibits Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. Mol Cells 2018; 41:853-867. [PMID: 30165731 PMCID: PMC6182223 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As the most common type of endocrine malignancy, papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) accounts for 85-90% of all thyroid cancers. In this study, we presented the hypothesis that SDC4 gene silencing could effectively attenuate epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), and promote cell apoptosis via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in human PTC cells. Bioinformatics methods were employed to screen the determined differential expression levels of SDC4 in PTC and adjacent normal samples. PTC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were prepared and their respective levels of SDC4 protein positive expression, in addition to the mRNA and protein levels of SDC4, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, EMT and apoptosis related genes were all detected accordingly. Flow cytometry was applied in order to detect cell cycle entry and apoptosis. Finally, analyses of PTC migration and invasion abilities were assessed by using a Transwell assay and scratch test. In PTC tissues, activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, increased EMT and repressed cell apoptosis were determined. Moreover, the PTC K1 and TPC-1 cell lines exhibiting the highest SDC4 expression were selected for further experiments. In vitro experiments revealed that SDC4 gene silencing could suppress cell migration, invasion and EMT, while acting to promote the apoptosis of PTC cells by inhibiting the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Besides, si-β-catenin was observed to inhibit the promotion of PTC cell migration and invasion caused by SDC4 overexpression. Our study revealed that SDC4 gene silencing represses EMT, and enhances cell apoptosis by suppressing the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in human PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Liang Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010,
P.R. China
| | - Ge-Xin Gao
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000,
P.R. China
| | - Fei-Xia Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015,
P.R. China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015,
P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hua Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015,
P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jun Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015,
P.R. China
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22
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Gao Y, Elamin E, Zhou R, Yan H, Liu S, Hu S, Dong J, Wei M, Sun L, Zhao Y. FKBP51 promotes migration and invasion of papillary thyroid carcinoma through NF-κB-dependent epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:7020-7028. [PMID: 30546435 PMCID: PMC6256738 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51) is a member of the immunophilin family, with relevant roles in multiple signaling pathways, tumorigenesis and chemoresistance. However, the function of FKBP51 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remains largely unknown. In the present study, increased FKBP51 expression was detected in PTC tissues as compared with adjacent normal tissues, and the expression level was associated with clinical tumor, node and metastasis stage. Using FKBP51-overexpressing K1 cells and FKBP51-knockdown TPC-1 cells, both human PTC cell lines, it was identified that FKBP51 promoted the migration and invasion of PTC, without affecting cell proliferation. Further investigation revealed that FKBP51 activated the NF-κB pathway and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) genes, and EMT was suppressed when NF-κB was inhibited. It was also assessed whether FKBP51 promoted the formation of cytoskeleton to promote migration and invasion of PTC using a tubulin tracker; however, no evidence of such an effect was observed. These results suggested that FKBP51 promotes migration and invasion through NF-κB-dependent EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Department of Central Lab, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan 250021, P.R. China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan 250014, P.R. China
| | - Elham Elamin
- Department of Central Lab, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Rongfang Zhou
- Department of Central Lab, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Huili Yan
- Department of Medicine and Life Science, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, Jinan 250062, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Central Lab, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Shengnan Hu
- Department of Central Lab, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of Central Lab, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Muyun Wei
- Department of Central Lab, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Linying Sun
- Department of Central Lab, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Yueran Zhao
- Department of Central Lab, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan 250021, P.R. China
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23
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Ma Y, Wang Q, Liu F, Ma X, Wu L, Guo F, Zhao S, Huang F, Qin G. KLF5 promotes the tumorigenesis and metastatic potential of thyroid cancer cells through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:2608-2618. [PMID: 30226614 PMCID: PMC6151893 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to identify the potential function of Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) in thyroid cancer and investigate the underlying mechanisms. The protein levels of KLF5 in 98 thyroid cancer tissues were analyzed using an immunohistochemistry assay. SW579 cells transfected with small interfering RNA against KLF5 and B-CPAP cells transfected with KLF5 expressing vectors were used for functional studies. Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation assays were used to investigate the mechanisms of KLF5. In vivo tumorigenicity was assessed using a subcutaneous xenograft experiment. The results revealed that KLF5 was highly expressed in thyroid cancer tissues and associated with lymph node metastasis. Knockdown of KLF5 in SW579 cells suppressed proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, migration and invasion in vitro, while the overexpression of KLF5 resulted in opposite effects in B-CPAP cells. Mechanistically, it was demonstrated that KLF5 promoted the cytoplasm-nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB. Additionally, it was revealed that insufficient F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7 expression may be responsible for the dysfunction of KLF5 in thyroid cancer. These results revealed that KLF5 promotes the tumorigenesis and metastasis of thyroid cancer cells and may be a potential therapeutic target in patients with thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehua Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Qingzhu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Lina Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Shuiying Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Fengjuan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Guijun Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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Chronic Niche Inflammation in Endometriosis-Associated Infertility: Current Understanding and Future Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082385. [PMID: 30104541 PMCID: PMC6121292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease that affects up to 10% of women of reproductive age and accounts for up to 50% of female infertility cases. It has been highly associated with poorer outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART), including decreased oocyte retrieval, lower implantation, and pregnancy rates. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of endometriosis-associated infertility is crucial for improving infertility treatment outcomes. Current theories regarding how endometriosis reduces fertility include anatomical distortion, ovulatory dysfunction, and niche inflammation-associated peritoneal or implantation defects. This review will survey the latest evidence on the role of inflammatory niche in the peritoneal cavity, ovaries, and uterus of endometriosis patients. Nonhormone treatment strategies that target these inflammation processes are also included. Furthermore, mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies are highlighted for potential endometriosis treatment because of their immunomodulatory effects and tropism toward inflamed lesion foci. Potential applications of stem cell therapy in treatment of endometriosis-associated infertility in particular for safety and efficacy are discussed.
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Ge MH, Jiang LH, Wen QL, Tan Z, Chen C, Zheng CM, Zhu X, Chen JW, Zhu ZY, Cai XJ. Preliminary screening and analysis of metastasis-related lncRNA and co-expressed papillary thyroid carcinoma mRNA. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:3715-3725. [PMID: 30127982 PMCID: PMC6096112 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and mRNA expression profiles that are associated with the invasion and metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Transwell invasion assays were used to screen three highly invasive sub-strains of the human PTC IHH4 cell line: IHH4-M1, IHH4-M2 and IHH4-M3. In addition, tumor-bearing nude mice were used to identify the invasive and metastatic capacity of the three sub-strains. Agilent lncRNA microarray chips were used to screen 795 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 788 differentially expressed mRNAs. A total of 10 lncRNAs and 10 mRNAs were randomly selected for RT-qPCR validation to confirm that the results were consistent with the microarray chips, suggesting that the results of the microarray chip analysis were relatively accurate. Gene ontology enrichment-based cluster analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly associated with steroid biosynthesis, bioadhesion, intercellular adhesion and other metastasis-associated biological processes. The results of the pathway cluster analysis identified that the differentially expressed genes were associated with tumor metastasis-associated signaling pathways, including the cholesterol metabolic signaling pathway, the sterol regulatory element-binding protein signaling pathway and the integrin signaling pathway, suggesting that lncRNA may regulate PTC metastasis through various signaling pathways. The present study screened and constructed PTC metastasis-associated lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles, and it provides a molecular basis for the future study of high-risk molecular markers of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hua Ge
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Lie-Hao Jiang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Liang Wen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Tan
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Chuan-Ming Zheng
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Wen Chen
- Donghai Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316000, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Yu Zhu
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Jun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
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Functional Role of Non-Coding RNAs during Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition. Noncoding RNA 2018; 4:ncrna4020014. [PMID: 29843425 PMCID: PMC6027143 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna4020014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key biological process involved in a multitude of developmental and pathological events. It is characterized by the progressive loss of cell-to-cell contacts and actin cytoskeletal rearrangements, leading to filopodia formation and the progressive up-regulation of a mesenchymal gene expression pattern enabling cell migration. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is already observed in early embryonic stages such as gastrulation, when the epiblast undergoes an EMT process and therefore leads to the formation of the third embryonic layer, the mesoderm. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is pivotal in multiple embryonic processes, such as for example during cardiovascular system development, as valve primordia are formed and the cardiac jelly is progressively invaded by endocardium-derived mesenchyme or as the external cardiac cell layer is established, i.e., the epicardium and cells detached migrate into the embryonic myocardial to form the cardiac fibrous skeleton and the coronary vasculature. Strikingly, the most important biological event in which EMT is pivotal is cancer development and metastasis. Over the last years, understanding of the transcriptional regulatory networks involved in EMT has greatly advanced. Several transcriptional factors such as Snail, Slug, Twist, Zeb1 and Zeb2 have been reported to play fundamental roles in EMT, leading in most cases to transcriptional repression of cell⁻cell interacting proteins such as ZO-1 and cadherins and activation of cytoskeletal markers such as vimentin. In recent years, a fundamental role for non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs and more recently long non-coding RNAs, has been identified in normal tissue development and homeostasis as well as in several oncogenic processes. In this study, we will provide a state-of-the-art review of the functional roles of non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs, in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in both developmental and pathological EMT.
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Ma Z, Xin Z, Hu W, Jiang S, Yang Z, Yan X, Li X, Yang Y, Chen F. Forkhead box O proteins: Crucial regulators of cancer EMT. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 50:21-31. [PMID: 29427645 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an acknowledged cellular transition process in which epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal-like properties that endow cancer cells with increased migratory and invasive behavior. Forkhead box O (FOXO) proteins have been shown to orchestrate multiple EMT-associated pathways and EMT-related transcription factors (EMT-TFs), thereby modulating the EMT process. The focus of the current review is to evaluate the latest research progress regarding the roles of FOXO proteins in cancer EMT. First, a brief overview of the EMT process in cancer and a general background on the FOXO family are provided. Next, we present the interactions between FOXO proteins and multiple EMT-associated pathways during malignancy development. Finally, we propose several novel potential directions for future research. Collectively, the information compiled herein should serve as a comprehensive repository of information on this topic and should aid in the design of additional studies and the future development of FOXO proteins as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069 China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Zhenlong Xin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiaolong Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069 China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Fulin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069 China.
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28
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Cao QH, Liu F, Li CZ, Liu N, Shu M, Lin Y, Ding L, Xue L. Testes-specific protease 50 (TSP50) promotes invasion and metastasis by inducing EMT in gastric cancer. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:94. [PMID: 29361914 PMCID: PMC5781268 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4000-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background TSP50 (testes-specific protease 50) has been reported to be a candidate oncogene and is overexpressed in various cancers. Our previous study demonstrated that TSP50 protein is elevated in gastric cancer, and its high expression is associated with unfavorable prognosis and lymph node metastasis. However, the role of TSP50 in gastric cancer remains elusive. Methods qRT-PCR, western blot were used to determine TSP50 expression in gastric cancer cell lines. Role of TSP50 in proliferation and invasion was examined by BrdU incorporation assay, cell count, wound healing and transwell assay. Immunohistochemistry and western blot were performed to identify the potential mechanisms involved. Results TSP50 was highly expressed in most of the gastric cancer cell lines at both mRNA and protein levels. Up-regulation of TSP50 in gastric cancer cells enhanced proliferation and invasiveness, whereas down-regulation of TSP50 by its specific shRNA decreased it. A negative correlation between TSP50 and E-Cadherin was found in gastric cancer tissues, and combination of them improves the prediction for prognosis and lymph node metastasis. Mechanistic studies revealed that overexpression of TSP50 increased the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers including Vimentin, and Twist, and decreased the epithelial marker E-Cadherin. NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in the regulatory effects of TSP50 on EMT, migration and invasion in gastric cancer cells. Conclusion TSP50 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells involving NF-κB dependent EMT activation. Targeting TSP50 may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for the management of gastric cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4000-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hua Cao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #58, Zhongnshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang-Zhao Li
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Diseases Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ni Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #58, Zhongnshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Man Shu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #58, Zhongnshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #58, Zhongnshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #58, Zhongnshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ling Xue
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #58, Zhongnshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Knockdown of TRIM44 inhibits the proliferation and invasion in papillary thyroid cancer cells through suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:98-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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Tesselaar MH, Smit JW, Nagarajah J, Netea-Maier RT, Plantinga TS. Pathological processes and therapeutic advances in radioiodide refractory thyroid cancer. J Mol Endocrinol 2017; 59:R141-R154. [PMID: 28931558 DOI: 10.1530/jme-17-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
While in most patients with non-medullary thyroid cancer (TC), disease remission is achieved by thyroidectomy and ablation of tumor remnants by radioactive iodide (RAI), a substantial subgroup of patients with metastatic disease present tumor lesions that have acquired RAI resistance as a result of dedifferentiation. Although oncogenic mutations in BRAF, TERT promoter and TP53 are associated with an increased propensity for induction of dedifferentiation, the role of genetic and epigenetic aberrations and their effects on important intracellular signaling pathways is not yet fully elucidated. Also immune, metabolic, stemness and microRNA pathways have emerged as important determinants of TC dedifferentiation and RAI resistance. These signaling pathways have major clinical implications since their targeting could inhibit TC progression and could enable redifferentiation to restore RAI sensitivity. In this review, we discuss the current insights into the pathological processes conferring dedifferentiation and RAI resistance in TC and elaborate on novel advances in diagnostics and therapy to improve the clinical outcome of RAI-refractory TC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika H Tesselaar
- Department of PathologyRadboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes W Smit
- Internal MedicineDivision of Endocrinology Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - James Nagarajah
- Radiology & Nuclear MedicineRadboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Romana T Netea-Maier
- Internal MedicineDivision of Endocrinology Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo S Plantinga
- Department of PathologyRadboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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31
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Liang Z, Xie WJ, Zhao M, Cheng GP, Wu MJ. DDR2 facilitates papillary thyroid carcinoma epithelial mesenchymal transition by activating ERK2/Snail1 pathway. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:8114-8121. [PMID: 29250189 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The upregulation of discoidin domain receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (DDR2) has been reported to be associated with poor prognosis and metastasis in numerous tumor types by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); however, the expression profile of DDR2 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with local metastasis and the effect of DDR2 on PTC cells remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression levels of DDR2 in tumor tissues of patients with PTC with local metastasis and cell lines and to determine the effect of DDR2 on EMT in PTC cells. In the present study, it was demonstrated that DDR2 was significantly increased in tumor tissues of patients with PTC with local metastasis and human PTC cell lines. The overexpression of DDR2 by lentiviral transfection decreased E-cadherin protein, increased Vimentin protein, and promoted cell migration and invasion. The inhibition of DDR2 reversed transforming growth factor-β- and collagen I-induced EMT. EMT induced by DDR2 overexpression was suggested to be dependent on increased Snail1 protein level following extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)2 activation. The inhibition of Snail1 or ERK2 was sufficient to abrogate DDR2-induced PTC cell EMT. In conclusion, these results indicate that DDR2 is upregulated in PTC tissues with local metastasis. Overexpression of DDR2 induced EMT in PTC cells by activating ERK2 and stabilizing Snail1, making it a promising therapeutic target for reducing PTC local or distant metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Liang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jun Xie
- Department of Pathology, Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang Affiliated Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Ping Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Juan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
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Jia J, Yin P, Han G, Xu M, Wang W, Bi W. MicroRNA-300 decreases cell viability, inhibits migration and promotes apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells via downregulation of Twist1. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:3613-3618. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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33
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Lian EY, Maritan SM, Cockburn JG, Kasaian K, Crupi MJF, Hurlbut D, Jones SJM, Wiseman SM, Mulligan LM. Differential roles of RET isoforms in medullary and papillary thyroid carcinomas. Endocr Relat Cancer 2017; 24:53-69. [PMID: 27872141 DOI: 10.1530/erc-16-0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The RET receptor tyrosine kinase mediates cell proliferation, survival and migration in embryogenesis and is implicated in the transformation and tumour progression in multiple cancers. RET is frequently mutated and constitutively activated in familial and sporadic thyroid carcinomas. As a result of alternative splicing, RET is expressed as two protein isoforms, RET9 and RET51, which differ in their unique C-terminal amino acids. These isoforms have distinct intracellular trafficking and associated signalling complexes, but functional differences are not well defined. We used shRNA-mediated knockdown (KD) of individual RET isoforms or of total RET to evaluate their functional contributions in thyroid carcinoma cells. We showed that RET is required for cell survival in medullary (MTC) but not papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cells. In PTC cells, RET depletion reduced cell migration and induced a flattened epithelial-like morphology. RET KD decreased the expression of mesenchymal markers and matrix metalloproteinases and reduced anoikis resistance and invasive potential. Further, we showed that RET51 depletion had significantly greater effects on each of these processes than RET9 depletion in both MTC and PTC cells. Finally, we showed that expression of RET, particularly RET51, was correlated with malignancy in a panel of human thyroid tumour tissues. Together, our data show that RET expression promotes a more mesenchymal phenotype with reduced cell-cell adhesion and increased invasiveness in PTC cell models, but is more important for tumour cell survival, proliferation and anoikis resistance in MTC models. Our data suggest that the RET51 isoform plays a more prominent role in mediating these processes compared to RET9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Y Lian
- Division of Cancer Biology and GeneticsCancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology & Molecular MedicineQueen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah M Maritan
- Division of Cancer Biology and GeneticsCancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology & Molecular MedicineQueen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica G Cockburn
- Division of Cancer Biology and GeneticsCancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology & Molecular MedicineQueen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katayoon Kasaian
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences CentreBritish Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mathieu J F Crupi
- Division of Cancer Biology and GeneticsCancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology & Molecular MedicineQueen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Hurlbut
- Department of Pathology & Molecular MedicineQueen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences CentreBritish Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medical GeneticsUniversity of British Columbia, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sam M Wiseman
- Department of SurgerySt Paul's Hospital & University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lois M Mulligan
- Division of Cancer Biology and GeneticsCancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology & Molecular MedicineQueen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Comprehensive gene and microRNA expression profiling reveals a role for miRNAs in the oncogenic roles of SphK1 in papillary thyroid cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 143:601-611. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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35
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Hong S, Yu S, Li J, Yin Y, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Guan H, Li Y, Xiao H. MiR-20b Displays Tumor-Suppressor Functions in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma by Regulating the MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathway. Thyroid 2016; 26:1733-1743. [PMID: 27717302 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2015.0578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, small, non-coding RNAs that play important roles in multiple biological processes. MiR-20b has been reported to be dysregulated in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, the functional roles are still largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the biological functions and the underlying molecular mechanisms of miR-20b in PTC. METHOD The expression of miR-20b was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in 47 pairs of PTC and adjacent normal thyroid tissues. The association between miR-20b expression and clinicopathologic status of PTC patients was analyzed. MiR-20b was overexpressed in the PTC cell lines K1 and TPC-1, and the effects on cell viability, migration, and invasion were evaluated. The study further searched for targets of miR-20b, and identified the possible molecular mechanisms of miR-20b in PTC cells. Additionally, the effect of miR-20b on tumor growth in nude mice was assessed. RESULTS It was found that miR-20b was markedly downregulated in PTC tissues compared with their adjacent normal thyroid tissues. The low-level expression of miR-20b was correlated with cervical lymph node metastasis and TNM staging. Upregulation of miR-20b inhibited cell viability, migration, and invasion in K1 and TPC-1 cells. Ectopic overexpression of miR-20b could suppress the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) signaling pathway through directly targeting son of sevenless homolog 1 (SOS1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2). Furthermore, depletion of SOS1 or ERK2 by siRNAs has similar effects as miR-20b overexpression on cell viability and invasion, whereas rescued SOS1 or ERK2 expression partially reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-20b in TPC cell lines. In xenograft animal experiments, it was found that overexpressed miR-20b could suppress tumor growth of PTC cells. CONCLUSION These results indicate for the first time that miR-20b displays tumor-suppressor functions in PTC. By targeting SOS1 and ERK2, miR-20b inhibits the activity of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. The findings suggest that miR-20b may play an important role in PTC initiation, progression, and metastasis, and may provide a potential therapeutic target for PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubin Hong
- 1 Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Yu
- 1 Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Li
- 2 Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yali Yin
- 1 Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- 3 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- 4 Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center , Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Guan
- 1 Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanbing Li
- 1 Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Haipeng Xiao
- 1 Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China
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Melzer C, Yang Y, Hass R. Interaction of MSC with tumor cells. Cell Commun Signal 2016; 14:20. [PMID: 27608835 PMCID: PMC5016940 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-016-0143-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor development and tumor progression is not only determined by the corresponding tumor cells but also by the tumor microenvironment. This includes an orchestrated network of interacting cell types (e.g. immune cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and mesenchymal stroma/stem cells (MSC)) via the extracellular matrix and soluble factors such as cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and various metabolites. Cell populations of the tumor microenvironment can interact directly and indirectly with cancer cells by mutually altering properties and functions of the involved partners. Particularly, mesenchymal stroma/stem cells (MSC) play an important role during carcinogenesis exhibiting different types of intercellular communication. Accordingly, this work focusses on diverse mechanisms of interaction between MSC and cancer cells. Moreover, some functional changes and consequences for both cell types are summarized which can eventually result in the establishment of a carcinoma stem cell niche (CSCN) or the generation of new tumor cell populations by MSC-tumor cell fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Melzer
- Biochemistry and Tumor Biology Lab, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Biochemistry and Tumor Biology Lab, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ralf Hass
- Biochemistry and Tumor Biology Lab, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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