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Hu N, Tian Y, Song Y, Zang L. The inhibition of Beclin1-dependent autophagy sensitizes PTC cells to ABT737-induced death. Genet Mol Biol 2024; 47:e20220170. [PMID: 38488525 PMCID: PMC10941729 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2022-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
ABT737 is used as a specific BCL2 inhibitor, which can treat papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, the effect of ABT737 on PTC cell apoptosis is limited. Moreover, BCL2 inhibition causes the activation of Beclin1-dependent autophagy. Our study aimed to explore the effects of autophagy and Beclin1 on ABT737 efficacy in PTC. The experimental data showed that ABT737 synchronously enhanced autophagic activity and apoptosis level in PTC cells. ABT737 also promoted the dissociation of BCL2-Beclin1 and BCL2-Bax complexes. Autophagy inhibitors, Bafilomycin A1 and 3-MA, enhanced the inhibitory effect of ABT737 on the survival and function in PTC cells. Consistently, autophagy inhibition with Beclin1 pharmacological inhibitor (spautin-1) also enhanced the efficacy of ABT737. Additionally, ABT737 at low-dose promoted LC3 conversion in PTC cells, and did not affect PTC cell apoptosis and survival. However, The efficacy of low-dose of ABT737 in PTC cell apoptosis and survival was displayed with the addition of Bafilomycin A1, 3-MA or spautin-1. In conclusion, the limited role of ABT737 in PTC cell apoptosis is attributed to its promoting effect on Beclin1-dependent autophagy. Therefore, autophagy inhibition based on Beclin1 downregulation can enhance the sensitivity of PTC cells to ABT737-induced death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Hu
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Department of
General Surgery, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanhua Tian
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Department of
Oncology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanmei Song
- Hebei People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Department of Infection
Management/Public Health, Hebei, China
| | - Leilei Zang
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Department of
General Surgery, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Zang L, Song Y, Tian Y, Hu N. TAT-Beclin 1 represses the carcinogenesis of DUSP4-positive PTC by enhancing autophagy. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1425-1436. [PMID: 36474060 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DUSP4 is a pro-tumorigenic molecule of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). DUSP4 also exists as an autophagic regulator. Moreover, DUSP4, as a negative regulator of MAPK, can prevent Beclin 1 from participating in autophagic response. This study aimed to explore whether TAT-Beclin 1, a recombinant protein of Beclin 1, could inhibit the tumorigenesis of DUSP4-positive PTC by regulating autophagy. METHODS First, we divided PTC tissues into three groups according to DUSP4 expression levels by immunohistochemical analyses, and evaluated the relationship between autophagic molecules (Beclin 1 and LC3II) and DUSP4 using Western blotting assays. After overexpression of DUSP4 by lentiviral transduction, the in vitro and in vivo roles of TAT-Beclin 1 on DUSP4-overexpressed PTC cells were assessed (including autophagic activity, cell survival and function, and tumor growth). The roles of TAT-Beclin 1 in the survival of DUSP4-silenced PTC cells were also evaluated. RESULTS Our results showed that the expression levels of autophagic proteins decreased with the increase of DUSP4 expression in PTC tissues. In PTC cells, DUSP4 overexpression-inhibited autophagic activity (including Beclin 1 expression, LC3 conversion rate and LC3-puncta formation) and -promoted cell proliferation and migration were reversed by TAT-Beclin 1 administration. In vivo assays also showed that DUSP4-overexpressed PTC cells had stronger tumorigenic ability and weaker autophagic activity, which was blocked by TAT-Beclin 1 administration. CONCLUSION TAT-Beclin 1, as an autophagic promoter, could repress the carcinogenesis of DUSP4-positive PTC, which implies that the use of TAT-Beclin 1 for the PTC patients' treatment might be determined according to the DUSP4 level in their tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zang
- Department 5 of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050005, Hebei, China
| | - Yanmei Song
- Department of Infection Management/Public Health, Hebei People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050057, Hebei, China
| | - Yanhua Tian
- Department 2 of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050005, Hebei, China
| | - Ning Hu
- Department 4 of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050005, Hebei, China.
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He H, Du Z, Lin J, Wu W, Yu Y. DUSP4 inhibits autophagic cell death in PTC by inhibiting JNK-BCL2-Beclin1 signaling. Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 99:554-561. [PMID: 33621155 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2020-0636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual specificity phosphatase 4 (DUSP4) is a prognostic marker and potential target of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC); however, the molecular mechanism underlying DUSP4-regulated PTC carcinogenesis is unknown. DUSP4 is a negative regulator of the autophagy promoter, JNK. This study explored the relationship between DUSP4 and JNK-mediated autophagic cell death in PTC, and the roles of DUSP4 in PTC using gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays. In addition, we further identified the significance of the JNK-BCL2-Beclin1-autophagy signaling pathway on DUSP4-regulated PTC carcinogenesis by combining knockdown of DUSP4 with a JNK-specific inhibitor (SP600125). We found that knockdown of DUSP4 promoted the phosphorylation of JNK and BCL2 in PTC cells, and enhanced the release of Beclin1 from the BCL2-Beclin1 complex. Knockdown of DUSP4 promoted autophagy and the death of PTC cells. The death and autophagy enhanced by knockdown of DUSP4 was reversed by the JNK inhibitor. We further extended the in-vitro experiments by subcutaneously injecting nude mice with K1 cells transfected with DUSP4-silencing vector. In-vivo assays showed that knockdown of DUSP4 not only inhibited tumor growth, but also promoted the phosphorylation of JNK and BCL2 and the expression of LC3II. In conclusion, DUSP4 inhibits BCL2-Beclin1-autophagy signaling by negatively regulating JNK activity, thus inhibiting PTC oncogenesis. The data from this study contribute to the prevention and cure of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixiang He
- Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Zhenshuang Du
- Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Jianqing Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Wenyi Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Yihuang Yu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
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Borda A, Zahan AE, Piciu D, Barbuș E, Berger N, Nechifor-Boilă A. A 15 year institutional experience of well-differentiated follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinomas; impact of the new 2017 TNM and WHO Classifications of Tumors of Endocrine Organs on the epidemiological trends and pathological characteristics. Endocrine 2020; 67:630-642. [PMID: 31838728 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-02158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our study aimed to describe the evolution of the rate of pathological subtypes of well-differentiated follicular-cell derived thyroid carcinomas (DTCs) in the Department of Pathology, Emergency County Hospital Targu-Mures, Romania over a 15 year period and to assess the impact the new 2017 WHO and TNM classifications of thyroid tumors had on our cases. METHODS The pathological data were retrieved from the original pathological reports. After applying the exclusion criteria the remaining cases were reviewed on a double-headed microscope and reclassified according to the 2017 WHO and TNM staging system. The follow-up data were collected from the Institute of Oncology Cluj-Napoca, Romania. RESULTS Our study included 396 cases of DTCs (375 papillary, 11 follicular, and 10 Hürthle cell carcinomas). PTCs revealed a significant increasing trend over the study period, whereas follicular and Hurthle cell carcinomas remain rare; 125/131 of noninvasive encapsulated follicular variant PTC (EFVPTC) were reclassified as noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTPs), resulting in a 33.3% reduction in the number of PTCs. According to 2017 TNM stage-grouping 31% of 271 patients with DTC were downstaged. Follow-up data were available for most of the patients (65.7%, mean period 58.1 months). All patients with noninvasive EFVPTC were disease free at the last clinical assessment. CONCLUSIONS The increasing rate of PTC was maintained even after exclusion of NIFTP. By applying 2017 TNM criteria, a significant number of DTC cases were downstaged into a more favorable group. Follow-up data highlight the indolent behavior of noninvasive EFVPTCs reclassified as NIFTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Borda
- Department of Histology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences, and Technology of Targu-Mureş, 38 Gh. Marinescu Street, 540139, Targu-Mureş, Romania
- Department of Pathology, Targu-Mureş Emergency County Hospital, 50 Gh. Marinescu Street, 540136, Targu-Mureş, Romania
| | - Ancuța-Elena Zahan
- Department of Histology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences, and Technology of Targu-Mureş, 38 Gh. Marinescu Street, 540139, Targu-Mureş, Romania.
| | - Doina Piciu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, "Ion Chiricuţă" Institute of Oncology, 34-36 Republicii Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400015, Romania
| | - Elena Barbuș
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, "Ion Chiricuţă" Institute of Oncology, 34-36 Republicii Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400015, Romania
| | - Nicole Berger
- Department of Pathology Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Adela Nechifor-Boilă
- Department of Histology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences, and Technology of Targu-Mureş, 38 Gh. Marinescu Street, 540139, Targu-Mureş, Romania
- Department of Pathology, Targu-Mureş County Hospital, 28 December 1/1918 Boulevard, 540061, Targu-Mureş, Romania
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Completion Thyroidectomy in Patients Diagnosed with Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Is There a Predictive Factor for Contralateral Lobe Tumor? MEDICAL BULLETIN OF SISLI ETFAL HOSPITAL 2018; 52:262-267. [PMID: 32774088 PMCID: PMC7406558 DOI: 10.14744/semb.2018.83713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Completion thyroidectomy (CT) is defined as the removal of the residual thyroid tissue in the case of detected malignancy after lobectomy for an indeterminate or non-diagnostic biopsy. Factors such as tumor diameter, aggressive histology, extrathyroidal spread, and positive surgical margin in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) constitute CT indications. However, the type of surgery is controversial especially in patients with a tumor diameter of 1-4 cm. Determination of predictive factors for contralateral lobe tumors (CLTs) in PTC may be helpful for rough or excessive treatment of patients with this common thyroid pathology. The aim of the present study was to determine the predictive factors and rate of detection of CLTs after CT in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma after lobectomy. Methods: Medical records of patients who underwent lobectomy with the final histological diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma for the study period 2011 to 2016 were reviewed. Demographic data of the patients, diameter, multicentricity and subtype of tumor, extrathyroidal spread, and vascular invasion rate were obtained. Patients were divided into 2 groups as final histological examination after CT revealed benign (Group 1) and malignant (Group 2). Results: Data of 49 patients were retrospectively analyzed during the study period. The female-to-male ratio was 33/16. The mean age of the patients was 47.59 (23–77) years. Groups 1 and 2 consisted of 30 and 19 patients, respectively. No significant difference was found between the two groups regarding demographic data and tumor characteristics. Conclusion: Despite the fact that we have not been detecting any predictive factor in predicting the presence of tumor on the contralateral lobe in our study, the detection of a tumor on the contralateral lobe is frequent.
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Can N, Celik M, Sezer YA, Ozyilmaz F, Ayturk S, Tastekin E, Sut N, Gurkan H, Ustun F, Bulbul BY, Guldiken S, Puyan FO. Follicular morphological characteristics may be associated with invasion in follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2017; 17:211-220. [PMID: 28453434 PMCID: PMC5581969 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2017.2039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The newly proposed nomenclature and diagnostic criteria for encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (EFVPTC), the noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP), could improve the consistency and accuracy of diagnosing this entity. Diagnosis of NIFTP requires evaluation of the complete tumor border or capsule. The presence of tumor invasion in follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features has been recently discussed by many authors. In this study, we examined the predictive value and association of follicular morphological characteristics with the tumor invasion. In addition, we analyzed the association between tumor encapsulation and molecular profile in EFVPTC/NIFTP cases. A total of 106 cases of FVPTC were included in the study. The tumors were grouped based on the presence of tumor capsule and characteristics of tumor border, as 1) completely encapsulated tumors without invasion, 2) encapsulated tumors with invasion, 3) infiltrative tumors without a capsule. Clinicopathological features, histomorphological features [nuclear criteria, minor diagnostic features, follicles oriented perpendicular to tumor border/capsule (FOPBC)] and molecular alterations in BRAF, NRAS, and KRAS genes were evaluated. FOPBC were significantly more frequently seen in encapsulated tumors with invasion (p = 0.008). The nuclear features were not associated with the presence of encapsulation and characteristics of tumor border. BRAF mutation was more frequent in infiltrative tumors, while NRAS mutation was more frequent in encapsulated tumors, but the results were not statistically significant (p = 0.917). In conclusion, FOPBC histomorphological feature may be associated with tumor invasion in EFVPTC/NIFTP. Additionally, BRAF/KRAS/NRAS mutation analysis may prevent inadequate treatment in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuray Can
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey.
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Mehrzad R, Nishino M, Nucera C, Dias-Santagata D, Hennessey JV, Hasselgren PO. Invasive follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancer harboring the NRAS mutation Q61K and presenting with bone metastasis-A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2017; 38:180-184. [PMID: 28780248 PMCID: PMC5547242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2017.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A patient with invasive follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancer presented with bone metastasis. The thyroid tumor harbored an isolated RAS mutation. The report challenges recent views that thyroid tumors with isolated RAS mutations may have a non-aggressive clinical course and may be candidates for conservative management.
Introduction The follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancer (FVPTC) can be noninvasive or invasive. The invasive form of FVPTC commonly harbors BRAF mutations whereas RAS mutations are more often associated with noninvasive FVPTC and a favorable clinical outcome. Case report A 47-year-old man presented with a metastasis to his right iliac bone as the initial manifestation of a 1.6 cm invasive FVPTC. After total thyroidectomy, the patient underwent additional treatment, including thyroid hormone suppressive treatment to non-detectable TSH levels, repeated courses of radioiodine treatment, external beam radiation, and treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib. Despite these therapeutic efforts, the disease progressed with growth of the iliac mass and additional metastatic spread to cervical and lumbar vertebrae causing increasing pain and disability. The patient succumbed to the disease four years after presentation. Retrospective next-generation sequencing of the primary tumor using a pan-cancer targeted mutation and gene fusion panel revealed NRAS Q61K mutation and no other oncogenic alterations. Discussion The study challenges the concept that thyroid neoplasms with isolated RAS mutations are often associated with favorable clinical behavior and may be candidates for conservative management. Conclusion An isolated RAS mutation in invasive FVPTC may be associated with an aggressive clinical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raman Mehrzad
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michiya Nishino
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Carmelo Nucera
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dora Dias-Santagata
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - James V Hennessey
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Per-Olof Hasselgren
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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Mehrzad R, Nishino M, Connolly J, Wang H, Mowschenson P, Hasselgren PO. The relationship between the follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancer and follicular adenomas. Surgery 2016; 159:1396-406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2015.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Li WF, Wang G, Zhao ZB, Liu CA. High expression of metadherin correlates with malignant pathological features and poor prognostic significance in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2015; 83:572-80. [PMID: 25418110 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metadherin (MTDH) protein, also called astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) is over expressed in a variety of malignant tumours, and is closely related to tumour invasion and the poor prognosis. OBJECTIVE This study tries to explore the clinical pathological significance of MTDH expression in a large cohort of patients with PTC. DESIGN AND PATIENTS Immunohistochemistry was used to detect MTDH expression in 156 cases of PTC, 6 cases of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), 10 cases of multinodular goitre (MNG) and 10 cases of thyroid adenoma tissues who received a thyroid operation between June 2003 and July 2008. MEASUREMENTS Clinical pathological data of 156 cases of PTC were analysed according to MTDH expression. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot survival curves and log-rank test to compare the postoperative survival results. The prognostic meaning of MTDH expression in PTC was evaluated by Cox regression analysis. RESULTS The positive expression rates of MTDH in PTC and ATC tissues were 37·2% (58/156) and 50% (3/6), respectively, and MTDH positive expression rates were both 10% (1/10) in MNG and thyroid adenoma tissues. High MTDH expression in PTC was associated with larger tumour size (P = 0·030), high rates of lymph node (P = 0·041) and distant metastasis (P = 0·028), but no relation with the patient age, gender, tumour multicenter, extrathyroid invasion and tumour grade. High MTDH expression was associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS) and disease-specific survival rate (DSS) (P = 0·014, P = 0·001, respectively). Cox regression analysis showed that high MTDH expression was independent prognostic indicators for RFS and DSS in patients with PTC (P = 0·023 and P = 0·035, respectively). CONCLUSION High MTDH expression in PTC might play an important role in tumour growth and metastasis, and targeting MTDH treatment might have potential therapeutic value for patients with PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Fang Li
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Medical University, Shiyan City, China
| | - Zong-Bin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Medical University, Shiyan City, China
| | - Chang-An Liu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Comparison of the clinicopathological behavior of the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma and classical papillary thyroid carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mol Clin Oncol 2015; 3:753-764. [PMID: 26171175 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2015.540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FV-PTC) is the second most common type of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and it has been increasingly diagnosed in recent years. However, whether FV-PTC behaves differently from classical PTC (C-PTC) remains controversial. To address this controversy, a meta-analysis was performed to determine the potential differences between FV-PTC and C-PTC in their clinicopathological behavior. The relevant published studies between January 1, 2003 and August 31, 2014 were reviewed according to the defined selection criteria using the PubMed database. Review Manager was used to calculate the pooled odds ratio (OR) or the mean difference (MD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), using a random- or fixed-effect model for all analyses. In total, 112 studies were identified and examined; finally, only 36 studies met the inclusion criteria. In the 36 studies, compared to the clinicopathological behavior of patients with C-PTC, patients with FV-PTC had the following parameters: Similar mean age and similar prevalence of gender, tumor size ≥10 mm, multifocality, capsular invasion, vascular invasion, lymphocytic and/or Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and clinical stage; a larger mean tumor size and higher prevalence of age ≥45 years; and lower prevalence of extrathyroidal extensions, lymph node metastases, BRAF mutation and recurrence. The meta-analysis suggested that patients with FV-PTC have a more favorable clinicopathological behavior and improved prognosis compared to patients with C-PTC. Thus, patients with FV-PTC and C-PTC may be managed differently, and the two types of PTC should be clearly distinguished in future retrospective or prospective studies.
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Boaventura P, Pereira D, Celestino R, Mendes A, Nakasawa T, Teixeira-Gomes J, Sobrinho-Simões M, Soares P. Genetic alterations in thyroid tumors from patients irradiated in childhood for tinea capitis treatment. Eur J Endocrinol 2013; 169:673-9. [PMID: 23966419 DOI: 10.1530/eje-13-0543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exposure to ionizing radiation at young age is the strongest risk factor for the occurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). RET/PTC rearrangements are the most frequent genetic alterations associated with radiation-induced PTC, whereas BRAF and RAS mutations and PAX8-PPARG rearrangement have been associated with sporadic PTC. We decided to search for such genetic alterations in PTCs of patients subjected in childhood to scalp irradiation. DESIGN We studied 67 thyroid tumors from 49 individuals irradiated in childhood for tinea capitis scalp epilation: 36 malignant (12 cases of conventional PTC (cPTC), two cPTC metastases, 20 cases of follicular variant PTC (FVPTC), one oncocytic variant of PTC and one follicular carcinoma) and 31 follicular thyroid adenomas. METHODS The lesions were screened for the BRAF(V600E) and NRAS mutations and for RET/PTC and PAX8-PPARG rearrangements. RESULTS BRAF(V600E) mutation was detected in seven of 14 (50%) cPTC and two of 20 FVPTC (10%) (P=0.019). NRAS mutation was present in one case of FVPTC (5%). RET/PTC1 rearrangement was found, by RT-PCR, in one of 17 cases (5.9%) and by fluorescence in situ hybridization in two of six cases (33%). PAX8-PPARG rearrangement was not detected in any carcinoma. None of the follicular adenomas presented any of the aforementioned genetic alterations. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of BRAF(V600E) mutation in our series is the highest reported in series of PTCs arising in radiation-exposed individuals. The prevalence of RET/PTC1 rearrangement fits with the values recently described in a similar setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Boaventura
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Dr Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Igci YZ, Erkilic S, Igci M, Arslan A. MCM3 protein expression in follicular and classical variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2013; 20:87-91. [PMID: 23821456 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-013-9662-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins are needed as licensors in the DNA replication of eukaryotic cells and transcriptional control of MCM genes has critical role in the regulation of MCM functions. Different MCM protein family members are proposed as diagnostic or prognostic markers in various cancers due to their increased proliferative potential. Among MCM family members, minichromosome maintenance protein 3 (MCM3) expressions in both mRNA and protein levels were shown to be associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). But, the usability of MCM3 in some histological variants of PTC might be controversial due to tissue specific molecular heterogeneities. In follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC), a number of genes including MCM3 were shown to be differentially expressed which were specific to this kind of variant. Using immunohistochemistry method, MCM3 protein expression levels were compared in FVPTC, classic variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (CVPTC), and multi-nodular goiter (MNG) tissues in a group of 32 cases. There was meaningful differences between MNG vs. FVPTC (p = 0.016) and MNG vs. CVPTC (p = 0.019) while there was no significant difference in the comparison FVPTC vs. CVPTC (p = 0.15). Four of the 5 CVPTC cases having surrounding tissue invasion had high expression values. For FVPTC and CVPTC, MCM3 protein expression results were parallel to our previous mRNA expression study while there was downregulation in protein expression despite the increased expression of MCM3 mRNA in MNG suggesting tissue-specific post-transcriptional events in benign thyroid neoplasms of which should be focused on. Moreover, the relatively lower MCM3 protein expression in FVPTC comparing to CVPTC could be due to a different tumorigenic pathway favored in this type of tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Ziya Igci
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, University of Gaziantep, 27310, Gaziantep, Turkey,
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