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Li Y, Wu L, Yong Y, Niu X, Gao Y, Zhou Q, Xie H, Liu X, Li Y, Yu Z, Abd El-Aty AM, Ju X. Enhancing gut barrier integrity: Upregulation of tight junction proteins by chitosan oligosaccharide through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Nutrition 2024; 124:112428. [PMID: 38663127 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the protective mechanism of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in IEC-6 cells and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. METHODS The cell inflammation model was constructed by LPS in vitro and enteritis model by DSS in vivo. RESULTS Following LPS exposure, IEC-6 cell proliferation significantly decreased, epithelial cell integrity was compromised, and TNF-α and IL-1β levels were increased. However, COS pretreatment reversed these changes. In vivo, DSS-treated mice exhibited evident pathological alterations, including heightened inflammatory levels and significantly decreased expression of tight junction proteins and critical proteins in the Mitogen activated proteins kinase signaling pathway. Nevertheless, COS administration notably reduced inflammatory levels and increased the expression of tight junction proteins and key proteins in the Mitogen activated proteins kinase signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that COS safeguards gut barrier integrity by upregulating tight junction proteins through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Therefore, COS has emerged as a promising candidate for novel drug interventions against inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Marine Medical Research and Development Centre, Shenzheng Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzheng, China
| | - Lianyun Wu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yanhong Yong
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xueting Niu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Marine Medical Research and Development Centre, Shenzheng Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzheng, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Marine Medical Research and Development Centre, Shenzheng Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzheng, China
| | - Qiu Zhou
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Marine Medical Research and Development Centre, Shenzheng Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzheng, China
| | - Huili Xie
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Marine Medical Research and Development Centre, Shenzheng Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzheng, China
| | - Xiaoxi Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Youquan Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhichao Yu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt; Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Xianghong Ju
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Marine Medical Research and Development Centre, Shenzheng Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzheng, China.
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Lv Y, Wen J, Fang Y, Zhang H, Zhang J. Corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 (CRF-R1) antagonists: Promising agents to prevent visceral hypersensitivity in irritable bowel syndrome. Peptides 2022; 147:170705. [PMID: 34822913 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is a 41-amino acid polypeptide that coordinates the endocrine system, autonomic nervous system, immune system, and physiological behavior. CRF is a signaling regulator in the neuro-endocrine-immune (NEI) network that mediates visceral hypersensitivity. Rodent models to simulate changes in intestinal motility similar to those reported in the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), demonstrate that the CRF receptor 1 (CRF-R1) mediates intestinal hypersensitivity under many conditions. However, the translation of preclinical studies into clinical trials has not been successful possibly due to the lack of sufficient understanding of the multiple variants of CRF-R1 and CRF-R1 antagonists. Investigating the sites of action of central and peripheral CRF is critical for accelerating the translation from preclinical to clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxia Lv
- School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong City, China.
| | - Jing Wen
- School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong City, China.
| | - Yingying Fang
- School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong City, China.
| | - Haoyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong City, China.
| | - Jianwu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong City, China.
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Wang H, Wang L, Li J, Fu F, Zheng Y, Zhang L. Molecular characterization, expression and functional analysis of yak IFITM3 gene. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 184:349-357. [PMID: 34119542 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
IFITM3 is interferon-induced transmembrane 3, which plays an extremely key role in anti-proliferation, anti-virus and anti-tumor diseases. In this study, the yak (Bos grunniens) IFITM3 (BgIFITM3) gene contained a 5'-untranslated region (UTR) (25 bp), a coding region (441 bp), and a 3'-UTR (115 bp). The expression of BgIFITM3 gene in liver was significantly higher than that in heart, spleen, lung and kidney (P < 0.01). BgIFITM3 protein was localized on the yak hepatocyte plasma membrane, and its expression was significantly different between 1 day and 15 months of age (P < 0.05). Moreover, the prokaryotic expression vector of BgIFITM3 protein was constructed and expressed successfully, with a molecular weight of 19.5 kDa. The activities of yak hepatocyte were significantly inhibited after treating with BgIFITM3 protein (10 and 20 μg/mL) (P < 0.01). The expression levels of ERBB-2, IRS-1, PI3KR-1, AKT-1 and MAPK-3 were significantly lower after treating with 20 μg/mL BgIFITM3 protein (P < 0.05). Besides, the activities of HepG2 cells were significantly inhibited after treating with BgIFITM3 protein (1, 10 and 20 μg/mL) (P < 0.05). While, the cloning ability and migration ability of HepG2 cells were significantly inhibited after treating with 10 μg/mL BgIFITM3 protein (P < 0.05). Finally, the mitochondria of HepG2 cells was concentrated, cristae widened, and the double film density of mitochondria was increased after treating with 10 μg/mL BgIFITM3 protein. After 10 μg/mL BgIFITM3 protein treating, the expression levels of VDAC-2, VDAC-3 and p53 genes were significantly increased, but the expression level of GPX-4 gene was significantly decreased (P < 0.01). Taken together, the BgIFITM3 protein could inhibit the proliferations of yak hepatocyte and HepG2 cells by regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway or ferroptosis-related genes, respectively. These results benefit for further study of the function of BgIFITM3 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Baritaki S, de Bree E, Chatzaki E, Pothoulakis C. Chronic Stress, Inflammation, and Colon Cancer: A CRH System-Driven Molecular Crosstalk. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1669. [PMID: 31614860 PMCID: PMC6833069 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is thought to be involved in the occurrence and progression of multiple diseases, via mechanisms that still remain largely unknown. Interestingly, key regulators of the stress response, such as members of the corticotropin-releasing-hormone (CRH) family of neuropeptides and receptors, are now known to be implicated in the regulation of chronic inflammation, one of the predisposing factors for oncogenesis and disease progression. However, an interrelationship between stress, inflammation, and malignancy, at least at the molecular level, still remains unclear. Here, we attempt to summarize the current knowledge that supports the inseparable link between chronic stress, inflammation, and colorectal cancer (CRC), by modulation of a cascade of molecular signaling pathways, which are under the regulation of CRH-family members expressed in the brain and periphery. The understanding of the molecular basis of the link among these processes may provide a step forward towards personalized medicine in terms of CRC diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Baritaki
- Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71500 Crete, Greece.
| | - Eelco de Bree
- Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71500 Crete, Greece.
| | - Ekaterini Chatzaki
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
| | - Charalabos Pothoulakis
- IBD Center, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 10833, USA.
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Chatoo M, Li Y, Ma Z, Coote J, Du J, Chen X. Involvement of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor and Receptors in Immune Cells in Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:21. [PMID: 29483895 PMCID: PMC5816029 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder defined by ROME IV criteria as pain in the lower abdominal region, which is associated with altered bowel habit or defecation. The underlying mechanism of IBS is not completely understood. IBS seems to be a product of interactions between various factors with genetics, dietary/intestinal microbiota, low-grade inflammation, and stress playing a key role in the pathogenesis of this disease. The crosstalk between the immune system and stress in IBS mechanism is increasingly recognized. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), a major mediator in the stress response, is involved in altered function in GI, including inflammatory processes, colonic transit time, contractile activity, defecation pattern, pain threshold, mucosal secretory function, and barrier functions. This mini review focuses on the recently establish local GI-CRF system, its involvement in modulating the immune response in IBS, and summarizes current IBS animal models and mapping of CRF, CRFR1, and CRFR2 expression in colon tissues. CRF and receptors might be a key molecule involving the immune and movement function via brain-gut axis in IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahanand Chatoo
- Division of Neurobiology and Physiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- Division of Neurobiology and Physiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Division of Neurobiology and Physiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - John Coote
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jizeng Du
- Division of Neurobiology and Physiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuequn Chen
- Division of Neurobiology and Physiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xuequn Chen,
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Abstract
Dendritic cells are the most potent antigen-presenting cells, and are critical for the generation of an antigen-specific immune response and protective immunity. These unique features have been applied to dendritic cell-based immunization in a number of disease conditions. Our published results have demonstrated that the immunity induced by intranasal immunization with DNA-transfected dendritic cells results in reduced fungal burden, and alleviated lung tissue damage in a mouse model of pulmonary fungal infection. In this article, approaches for the preparation and characterization of DNA-transfected dendritic cells and intranasal immunization in mice are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanjana Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA.
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