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Li L, Liu MS, Li GQ, Tang J, Liao Y, Zheng Y, Guo TL, Kang X, Yuan MT. Relationship between Apolipoprotein Superfamily and Parkinson's Disease. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 130:2616-2623. [PMID: 29067960 PMCID: PMC5678263 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.217092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is featured with motor disorder and nonmotor manifestations including psychological symptoms, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, and paresthesia, which results in great inconvenience to the patients’ life. The apolipoprotein (Apo) superfamily, as a group of potentially modifiable biomarkers in clinical practice, is of increasing significance in the diagnosis, evaluation, and prognosis of PD. The present review summarized the current understanding and emerging findings of the relationship between Apo superfamily and PD. Data Sources: All literatures were identified by systematically searching PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane electronic databases with terms “Parkinson disease,” “apolipoprotein,” and their synonyms until May 2017. Study Selection: We have thoroughly examined titles and abstracts of all the literatures that met our search strategy and the full text if the research is identified or not so definite. Reference lists of retrieved articles were also scrutinized for additional relevant studies. Results: The levels of plasma ApoA1 are inversely correlated with the risk of PD and the lower levels of ApoA1 trend toward association with poorer motor performance. Higher ApoD expression in neurons represents more puissant protection against PD, which is critical in delaying the neurodegeneration process of PD. It is suggested that APOE alleles are related to development and progression of cognitive decline and age of PD onset, but conclusions are not completely identical, which may be attributed to different ApoE isoforms. APOJ gene expressions are upregulated in PD patients and it is possible that high ApoJ level is an indicator of PD dementia and correlates with specific phenotypic variations in PD. Conclusions: The Apo superfamily has been proved to be closely involved in the initiation, progression, and prognosis of PD. Apos and their genes are of great value in predicting the susceptibility of PD and hopeful to become the target of medical intervention to prevent the onset of PD or slow down the progress. Therefore, further large-scale studies are warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms of Apos in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ming-Su Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Guang-Qin Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yan Liao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Tong-Li Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xin Kang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Mao-Ting Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Monzón M. Approaches to therapy against prion diseases focused on the individual defence system. AIMS MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.3934/molsci.2017.3.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Wei Y, Tang Y, He W, Qu Z, Zeng J, Qin C. APOE gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. J Clin Neurosci 2013; 21:390-4. [PMID: 24332811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2013.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Associations between apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphisms and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) have been reported, but the results from many of these studies are conflicting. To investigate the association between APOE polymorphisms and CJD risk, we performed a meta-analysis. We used odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess the strength of the association. The frequency of putative risk alleles in control subjects was estimated with the Mantel-Haenszel method. Cochran's Q statistic and the inconsistency index (I(2)) were used to test heterogeneity. Egger's test and an inverted funnel plot were used to assess bias. Our study included 11 published case-control studies with APOE genotyping, involving a total of 1001 CJD patients and 1211 controls. Overall, the APOE 34 (OR 1.37, 95% CI: 1.09-1.72), and APOE 44 (OR 3.16, 95% CI: 1.37-7.26) genotypes and the APOE 4 (OR 1.41, 95% CI: 1.08-1.85) allele were associated with an increased risk of CJD, and the APOE 33 (OR 0.81, 95% CI: 0.67-0.97) genotype tended to protect against CJD. However, we did not find significant evidence supporting associations of the APOE 22 (OR 1.15, 95% CI: 0.45-2.93), APOE 23 (OR 0.84, 95% CI: 0.64-1.09), or APOE 24 (OR 1.40, 95% CI: 0.70-2.77) genotypes, nor the APOE 2 (OR 1.02, 95% CI: 0.73-1.42) or APOE 3 (OR 0.82, 95% CI: 0.65-1.02) alleles with CJD using a fixed-effects model. Our results support a genetic association between APOE polymorphisms and CJD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Wei
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang Yong Lu, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang Yong Lu, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenwu He
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhanli Qu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang Yong Lu, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinming Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Chao Qin
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang Yong Lu, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Reiniger L, Lukic A, Linehan J, Rudge P, Collinge J, Mead S, Brandner S. Tau, prions and Aβ: the triad of neurodegeneration. Acta Neuropathol 2011; 121:5-20. [PMID: 20473510 PMCID: PMC3015202 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-010-0691-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 04/25/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This article highlights the features that connect prion diseases with other cerebral amyloidoses and how these relate to neurodegeneration, with focus on tau phosphorylation. It also discusses similarities between prion disease and Alzheimer's disease: mechanisms of amyloid formation, neurotoxicity, pathways involved in triggering tau phosphorylation, links to cell cycle pathways and neuronal apoptosis. We review previous evidence of prion diseases triggering hyperphosphorylation of tau, and complement these findings with cases from our collection of genetic, sporadic and transmitted forms of prion diseases. This includes the novel finding that tau phosphorylation consistently occurs in sporadic CJD, in the absence of amyloid plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilla Reiniger
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| | - Ana Lukic
- National Prion Clinic, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Jacqueline Linehan
- MRC Prion Unit and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Peter Rudge
- National Prion Clinic, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - John Collinge
- National Prion Clinic, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
- MRC Prion Unit and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Simon Mead
- National Prion Clinic, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
- MRC Prion Unit and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Sebastian Brandner
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, WC1N 3BG London, UK
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Cathepsin D (C224T) Polymorphism in Sporadic and Genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2010; 24:104-7. [DOI: 10.1097/wad.0b013e3181ad378c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gunther EC, Strittmatter SM. Beta-amyloid oligomers and cellular prion protein in Alzheimer's disease. J Mol Med (Berl) 2009; 88:331-8. [PMID: 19960174 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-009-0568-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2009] [Revised: 11/13/2009] [Accepted: 11/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Prefibrillar oligomers of the beta-amyloid peptide (A beta) are recognized as potential mediators of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology. Deficits in synaptic function, neurotoxicity, and the progression of AD have all been linked to the oligomeric A beta assemblies rather than to A beta monomers or to amyloid plaques. However, the molecular sites of A beta oligomer action have remained largely unknown. Recently, the cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) has been shown to act as a functional receptor for A beta oligomers in brain slices. Because PrP(C) serves as the substrate for Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD), these data suggest mechanistic similarities between the two neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review the importance of A beta oligomers in AD, commonalities between AD and CJD, and the newly emergent role of PrP(C) as a receptor for A beta oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik C Gunther
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, 295 Congress Ave., BCMM 436, New Haven, CT 06536-0812, USA
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Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in the world. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of AMD remain largely unclear, a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors is thought to exist. AMD pathology is characterized by degeneration involving the retinal photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, and Bruch's membrane, as well as, in some cases, alterations in choroidal capillaries. Recent research on the genetic and molecular underpinnings of AMD brings to light several basic molecular pathways and pathophysiological processes that might mediate AMD risk, progression, and/or response to therapy. This review summarizes, in detail, the molecular pathological findings in both humans and animal models, including genetic variations in CFH, CX3CR1, and ARMS2/HtrA1, as well as the role of numerous molecules implicated in inflammation, apoptosis, cholesterol trafficking, angiogenesis, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Ding
- Immunopathology Section, Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-1857, USA
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