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Ma Y, Ma M, Sun J, Li W, Li Y, Guo X, Zhang H. CHIR-99021 regulates mitochondrial remodelling via β-catenin signalling and miRNA expression during endodermal differentiation. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.229948. [PMID: 31289194 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.229948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial remodelling is a central feature of stem cell differentiation. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms during these processes. Previously, we found that a pharmacological inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3α and -3β, CHIR-99021, initiates human adipose stem cell differentiation into human definitive endodermal progenitor cells (hEPCs), which were directed to differentiate synchronously into hepatocyte-like cells after further treatment with combinations of soluble factors. In this study, we show that CHIR-99021 promotes mitochondrial biogenesis, the expression of PGC-1α (also known as PPARGC1A), TFAM and NRF1 (also known as NFE2L1), oxidative phosphorylation capacities, and the production of reactive oxygen species in hEPCs. Blocking mitochondrial dynamics using siRNA targeting DRP1 (also known as DNM1L) impaired definitive endodermal differentiation. Downregulation of β-catenin (CTNNB1) expression weakened the effect of CHIR-99021 on the induction of mitochondrial remodelling and the expression of transcription factors for mitochondrial biogenesis. Moreover, CHIR-99021 decreased the expression of miR-19b-2-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-23c, miR-130a-3p and miR-130a-5p in hEPCs, which target transcription factors for mitochondrial biogenesis. These data demonstrate that CHIR-99021 plays a role in mitochondrial structure and function remodelling via activation of the β-catenin signalling pathway and inhibits the expression of miRNAs during definitive endodermal differentiation.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejiao Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Minghui Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Weihong Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yaqiong Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xinyue Guo
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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Gozes I, Ivashko-Pachima Y, Kapitansky O, Sayas CL, Iram T. Single-cell analysis of cytoskeleton dynamics: From isoelectric focusing to live cell imaging and RNA-seq. J Neurosci Methods 2019; 323:119-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Brenneman DE, Kinney WA, Ward SJ. Knockdown siRNA Targeting the Mitochondrial Sodium-Calcium Exchanger-1 Inhibits the Protective Effects of Two Cannabinoids Against Acute Paclitaxel Toxicity. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 68:603-619. [PMID: 31077084 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01321-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Treatment with cannabidiol (CBD) or KLS-13019 (novel CBD analog), has previously been shown to prevent paclitaxel-induced mechanical allodynia in a mouse model of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). The mechanism of action for CBD- and KLS-13019-mediated protection now has been explored with dissociated dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cultures using small interfering RNA (siRNA) to the mitochondrial Na+ Ca2+ exchanger-1 (mNCX-1). Treatment with this siRNA produced a 50-55% decrease in the immunoreactive (IR) area for mNCX-1 in neuronal cell bodies and a 72-80% decrease in neuritic IR area as determined with high-content image analysis. After treatment with 100 nM KLS-13019 and siRNA, DRG cultures exhibited a 75 ± 5% decrease in protection from paclitaxel-induced toxicity; whereas siRNA studies with 10 μM CBD produced a 74 ± 3% decrease in protection. Treatment with mNCX-1 siRNA alone did not produce toxicity. The protective action of cannabidiol and KLS-13019 against paclitaxel-induced toxicity during a 5-h test period was significantly attenuated after a 4-day knockdown of mNCX-1 that was not attributable to toxicity. These data indicate that decreases in neuritic mNCX-1 corresponded closely with decreased protection after siRNA treatment. Pharmacological blockade of mNCX-1 with CGP-37157 produced complete inhibition of cannabinoid-mediated protection from paclitaxel in DRG cultures, supporting the observed siRNA effects on mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas E Brenneman
- Advanced Neural Dynamics, Inc, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, 3805 Old Easton Road, Doylestown, PA, 18902, USA. .,Kannalife Sciences, Inc, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Doylestown, PA, 18902, USA.
| | - William A Kinney
- Kannalife Sciences, Inc, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Doylestown, PA, 18902, USA
| | - Sara Jane Ward
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
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Rogalska A, Marczak A. Therapeutic potential of patupilone in epithelial ovarian cancer and future directions. Life Sci 2018; 205:38-44. [PMID: 29727613 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy worldwide with extremely poor patient prognosis. Elucidation of the detailed mechanisms of action of drugs targeting this cancer type is necessary to optimize treatment efficacy. Epothilones, a new class of microtubule-stabilizing anticancer drugs, show strong cytotoxic properties in vitro and in vivo and are additionally effective in taxane-resistant cells. In this report, we focus on inhibitors of microtubule depolymerization, taxanes, and the novel antimicrotubule agents, epothilones. Current knowledge regarding the effects of epothilone B on ovarian tumor cell metabolism is reviewed, along with recent advances in therapeutic strategies, such as novel agents and biologic drug combinations containing epothilone that target aberrant pathways in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Rogalska
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Marczak
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Mondal P, Das G, Khan J, Pradhan K, Ghosh S. Crafting of Neuroprotective Octapeptide from Taxol-Binding Pocket of β-Tubulin. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:615-625. [PMID: 29155559 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules play a crucial role in maintaining the shape and function of neurons. During progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), severe destabilization of microtubules occurs, which leads to the permanent disruption of signal transduction processes and memory loss. Thus, microtubule stabilization is one of the key requirements for the treatment of AD. Taxol, a microtubule stabilizing anticancer drug, has been considered as a potential anti-AD drug but was never tested in AD patients, likely because of its' toxic nature and poor brain exposure. However, other microtubule-targeting agents such as epothilone D (BMS-241027) and TPI-287 (abeotaxane) and NAP peptide (davunetide) have entered in AD clinical programs. Therefore, the taxol binding pocket of tubulin could be a potential site for designing of mild and noncytotoxic microtubule stabilizing molecules. Here, we adopted an innovative strategy for the development of a peptide based microtubule stabilizer, considering the taxol binding pocket of β-tubulin, by using alanine scanning mutagenesis technique. This approach lead us to a potential octapeptide, which strongly binds to the taxol pocket of β-tubulin, serves as an excellent microtubule stabilizer, increases the expression of acetylated tubulin, and acts as an Aβ aggregation inhibitor and neuroprotective agent. Further, results revealed that this peptide is nontoxic against both PC12 derived neurons and primary cortical neurons. We believe that our strategy and discovery of peptide-based microtubule stabilizer will open the door for the development of potential anti-AD therapeutics in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Mondal
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032 West Bengal, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Campus, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Gaurav Das
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032 West Bengal, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Campus, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Juhee Khan
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032 West Bengal, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Campus, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Krishnangsu Pradhan
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032 West Bengal, India
| | - Surajit Ghosh
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032 West Bengal, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Campus, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
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Duhamel M, Rose M, Rodet F, Murgoci AN, Zografidou L, Régnier-Vigouroux A, Vanden Abeele F, Kobeissy F, Nataf S, Pays L, Wisztorski M, Cizkova D, Fournier I, Salzet M. Paclitaxel Treatment and Proprotein Convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) Knockdown in Macrophages is a Promising Antiglioma Strategy as Revealed by Proteomics and Cytotoxicity Studies. Mol Cell Proteomics 2018. [PMID: 29531019 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra117.000443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
High grade gliomas are the most common brain tumors in adult. These tumors are characterized by a high infiltration in microglial cells and macrophages. The immunosuppressive tumor environment is known to orient immune cells toward a pro-tumoral and anti-inflammatory phenotype. Therefore, the current challenge for cancer therapy is to find a way to reorient macrophages toward an antitumoral phenotype. Previously, we demonstrated that macrophages secreted antitumoral factors when they were invalidated for the proprotein converstase 1/3 (PC1/3) and treated with LPS. However, achieving an activation of macrophages via LPS/TLR4/Myd88-dependent pathway appears yet unfeasible in cancer patients. On the contrary, the antitumor drug Paclitaxel is also known to activate the TLR4 MyD88-dependent signaling pathway and mimics LPS action. Therefore, we evaluated if PC1/3 knock-down (KD) macrophages could be activated by Paclitaxel and efficient against glioma. We report here that such a treatment of PC1/3 KD macrophages drove to the overexpression of proteins mainly involved in cytoskeleton rearrangement. In support of this finding, we found that these cells exhibited a Ca2+ increase after Paclitaxel treatment. This is indicative of a possible depolymerization of microtubules and may therefore reflect an activation of inflammatory pathways in macrophages. In such a way, we found that PC1/3 KD macrophages displayed a repression of the anti-inflammatory pathway STAT3 and secreted more pro-inflammatory cytokines. Extracellular vesicles isolated from these PC1/3 KD cells inhibited glioma growth. Finally, the supernatant collected from the coculture between glioma cells and PC1/3 KD macrophages contained more antitumoral factors. These findings unravel the potential value of a new therapeutic strategy combining Paclitaxel and PC1/3 inhibition to switch macrophages toward an antitumoral immunophenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Duhamel
- From the ‡Inserm U-1192, Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Université Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France;
| | - Mélanie Rose
- From the ‡Inserm U-1192, Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Université Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France.,§Oncovet Clinical Research (OCR), SIRIC ONCOLille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Franck Rodet
- From the ‡Inserm U-1192, Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Université Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
| | - Adriana Natalia Murgoci
- From the ‡Inserm U-1192, Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Université Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France.,§§Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Lea Zografidou
- ¶Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 15, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Anne Régnier-Vigouroux
- ¶Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 15, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Fabien Vanden Abeele
- ‖Inserm U-1003, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- **Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 1107 2020 Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Serge Nataf
- ‡‡Inserm U-1060, CarMeN Laboratory, Banque de Tissus et de Cellules des Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Lyon-1, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69437 Lyon cedex 03, France
| | - Laurent Pays
- ‡‡Inserm U-1060, CarMeN Laboratory, Banque de Tissus et de Cellules des Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Lyon-1, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69437 Lyon cedex 03, France
| | - Maxence Wisztorski
- From the ‡Inserm U-1192, Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Université Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
| | - Dasa Cizkova
- §§Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Isabelle Fournier
- From the ‡Inserm U-1192, Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Université Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
| | - Michel Salzet
- From the ‡Inserm U-1192, Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Université Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
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Pittman SK, Gracias NG, Fehrenbacher JC. Nerve growth factor alters microtubule targeting agent-induced neurotransmitter release but not MTA-induced neurite retraction in sensory neurons. Exp Neurol 2016; 279:104-115. [PMID: 26883566 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy is a dose-limiting side effect of anticancer treatment with the microtubule-targeted agents (MTAs), paclitaxel and epothilone B (EpoB); however, the mechanisms by which the MTAs alter neuronal function and morphology are unknown. We previously demonstrated that paclitaxel alters neuronal sensitivity, in vitro, in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF). Evidence in the literature suggests that NGF may modulate the neurotoxic effects of paclitaxel. Here, we examine whether NGF modulates changes in neuronal sensitivity and morphology induced by paclitaxel and EpoB. Neuronal sensitivity was assessed using the stimulated release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), whereas morphology of established neurites was evaluated using a high content screening system. Dorsal root ganglion cultures, maintained in the absence or presence of NGF, were treated from day 7 to day 12 in culture with paclitaxel (300nM) or EpoB (30nM). Following treatment, the release of CGRP was stimulated using capsaicin or high extracellular potassium. In the presence of NGF, EpoB mimicked the effects of paclitaxel: capsaicin-stimulated release was attenuated, potassium-stimulated release was slightly enhanced and the total peptide content was unchanged. In the absence of NGF, both paclitaxel and EpoB decreased capsaicin- and potassium-stimulated release and the total peptide content, suggesting that NGF may reverse MTA-induced hyposensitivity. Paclitaxel and EpoB both decreased neurite length and branching, and this attenuation was unaffected by NGF in the growth media. These differential effects of NGF on neuronal sensitivity and morphology suggest that neurite retraction is not a causative factor to alter neuronal sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry K Pittman
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, United States.
| | - Neilia G Gracias
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, United States; Indiana University School of Medicine, Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, United States.
| | - Jill C Fehrenbacher
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, United States; Indiana University School of Medicine, Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, United States; Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, United States.
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Sarin H. Conserved molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of small molecule xenobiotic chemotherapeutics on cells. Mol Clin Oncol 2015; 4:326-368. [PMID: 26998284 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2015.714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
For proper determination of the apoptotic potential of chemoxenobiotics in synergism, it is important to understand the modes, levels and character of interactions of chemoxenobiotics with cells in the context of predicted conserved biophysical properties. Chemoxenobiotic structures are studied with respect to atom distribution over molecular space, the predicted overall octanol-to-water partition coefficient (Log OWPC; unitless) and molecular size viz a viz van der Waals diameter (vdWD). The Log OWPC-to-vdWD (nm-1 ) parameter is determined, and where applicable, hydrophilic interacting moiety/core-to-vdWD (nm-1 ) and lipophilic incorporating hydrophobic moiety/core-to-vdWD (nm-1 ) parameters of their part-structures are determined. The cellular and sub-cellular level interactions of the spectrum of xenobiotic chemotherapies have been characterized, for which a classification system has been developed based on predicted conserved biophysical properties with respect to the mode of chemotherapeutic effect. The findings of this study are applicable towards improving the effectiveness of existing combination chemotherapy regimens and the predictive accuracy of personalized cancer treatment algorithms as well as towards the selection of appropriate novel xenobiotics with the potential to be potent chemotherapeutics for dendrimer nanoparticle-based effective transvascular delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Sarin
- Freelance Investigator in Translational Science and Medicine, Charleston, WV 25314, USA
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Sarin H. Pressuromodulation at the cell membrane as the basis for small molecule hormone and peptide regulation of cellular and nuclear function. J Transl Med 2015; 13:372. [PMID: 26610602 PMCID: PMC4660824 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0707-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Building on recent knowledge that the specificity of the biological interactions of small molecule hydrophiles and lipophiles across microvascular and epithelial barriers, and with cells, can be predicted on the basis of their conserved biophysical properties, and the knowledge that biological peptides are cell membrane impermeant, it has been further discussed herein that cellular, and thus, nuclear function, are primarily regulated by small molecule hormone and peptide/factor interactions at the cell membrane (CM) receptors. The means of regulating cellular, and thus, nuclear function, are the various forms of CM Pressuromodulation that exist, which include Direct CM Receptor-Mediated Stabilizing Pressuromodulation, sub-classified as Direct CM Receptor-Mediated Stabilizing Shift Pressuromodulation (Single, Dual or Tri) or Direct CM Receptor-Mediated Stabilizing Shift Pressuromodulation (Single, Dual or Tri) cum External Cationomodulation (≥3+ → 1+); which are with respect to acute CM receptor-stabilizing effects of small biomolecule hormones, growth factors or cytokines, and also include Indirect CM- or CM Receptor-Mediated Pressuromodulation, sub-classified as Indirect 1ary CM-Mediated Shift Pressuromodulation (Perturbomodulation), Indirect 2ary CM Receptor-Mediated Shift Pressuromodulation (Tri or Quad Receptor Internal Pseudo-Cationomodulation: SS 1+), Indirect 3ary CM Receptor-Mediated Shift Pressuromodulation (Single or Dual Receptor Endocytic External Cationomodulation: 2+) or Indirect (Pseudo) 3ary CM Receptor-Mediated Shift Pressuromodulation (Receptor Endocytic Hydroxylocarbonyloetheroylomodulation: 0), which are with respect to sub-acute CM receptor-stabilizing effects of small biomolecules, growth factors or cytokines. As a generalization, all forms of CM pressuromodulation decrease CM and nuclear membrane (NM) compliance (whole cell compliance), due to pressuromodulation of the intracellular microtubule network and increases the exocytosis of pre-synthesized vesicular endogolgi peptides and small molecules as well as nuclear-to-rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane proteins to the CM, with the potential to simultaneously increase the NM-associated chromatin DNA transcription of higher molecular weight protein forms, secretory and CM-destined, mitochondrial and nuclear, including the highest molecular weight nuclear proteins, Ki67 (359 kDa) and Separase (230 kDa), with the latter leading to mitogenesis and cell division; while, in the case of growth factors or cytokines with external cationomodulation capability, CM Receptor External Cationomodulation of CM receptors (≥3+ → 1+) results in cationic extracellular interaction (≥3+) with extracellular matrix heparan sulfates (≥3+ → 1+) concomitant with lamellopodesis and cell migration. It can be surmised that the modulation of cellular, and nuclear, function is mostly a reactive process, governed, primarily, by small molecule hormone and peptide interactions at the cell membrane, with CM receptors and the CM itself. These insights taken together, provide valuable translationally applicable knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Sarin
- Freelance Investigator in Translational Science and Medicine, Charleston, WV, USA.
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Fehrenbacher JC. Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2015; 131:471-508. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Das V, Sim DA, Miller JH. Effect of taxoid and nontaxoid site microtubule-stabilizing agents on axonal transport of mitochondria in untransfected and ECFP-htau40-transfected rat cortical neurons in culture. J Neurosci Res 2014; 92:1155-66. [PMID: 24788108 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An important aspect of synaptic plasticity in the brain is axonal transport of essential components such as mitochondria from the soma to the synapse. For uninterrupted transport of cellular cargo down the axon, functional microtubules are required. Altered microtubule dynamics induced by changes in expression of microtubule-associated tau protein affects normal microtubule function and interferes with axonal transport. Here we investigate the effects of the nontaxoid-binding-site microtubule-stabilizing agents peloruside A (PelA) and laulimalide, compared with the taxoid-site-binding agents paclitaxel (Ptx) and ixabepilone, on axonal transport of mitochondria in 1-day-old rat pup cerebral cortical neuron cultures. The differences in effects of these two types of compound on mitochondrial trafficking were specifically compared under conditions of excess tau expression. PelA and laulimalide had no adverse effects on their own on mitochondrial transport compared with Ptx and ixabepilone, which inhibited mitochondrial run length at higher concentrations. PelA, like Ptx, was able to partially reverse the blocked mitochondrial transport seen in ECFP-htau40-overexpressing neurons, although at higher concentrations of microtubule-stabilizing agent, the PelA response was improved over the Ptx response. These results support a neuroprotective effect of microtubule stabilization in maintaining axonal transport in neurons overexpressing tau protein and may be beneficial in reducing the severity of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswanath Das
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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12
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Medina Benavente JJ, Mogami H, Sakurai T, Sawada K. Evaluation of silicon nitride as a substrate for culture of PC12 cells: an interfacial model for functional studies in neurons. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90189. [PMID: 24587271 PMCID: PMC3937378 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon nitride is a biocompatible material that is currently used as an interfacial surface between cells and large-scale integration devices incorporating ion-sensitive field-effect transistor technology. Here, we investigated whether a poly-L-lysine coated silicon nitride surface is suitable for the culture of PC12 cells, which are widely used as a model for neural differentiation, and we characterized their interaction based on cell behavior when seeded on the tested material. The coated surface was first examined in terms of wettability and topography using contact angle measurements and atomic force microscopy and then, conditioned silicon nitride surface was used as the substrate for the study of PC12 cell culture properties. We found that coating silicon nitride with poly-L-lysine increased surface hydrophilicity and that exposing this coated surface to an extracellular aqueous environment gradually decreased its roughness. When PC12 cells were cultured on a coated silicon nitride surface, adhesion and spreading were facilitated, and the cells showed enhanced morphological differentiation compared to those cultured on a plastic culture dish. A bromodeoxyuridine assay demonstrated that, on the coated silicon nitride surface, higher proportions of cells left the cell cycle, remained in a quiescent state and had longer survival times. Therefore, our study of the interaction of the silicon nitride surface with PC12 cells provides important information for the production of devices that need to have optimal cell culture-supporting properties in order to be used in the study of neuronal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Jaime Medina Benavente
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Program, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hideo Mogami
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Program, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Health Promotional Sciences, Hamamatsu University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakurai
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Program, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
- Electronics-Inspired Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Sawada
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Program, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
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Rogalska A, Szula E, Gajek A, Marczak A, Jóźwiak Z. Activation of apoptotic pathway in normal, cancer ovarian cells by epothilone B. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 36:600-610. [PMID: 23838010 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The epothilones, a new class of microtubule-targeting agents, seem to be a very promising alternative to the current strategy of cancer treatment. We have analyzed the aspects of epothilone B (Epo B) on cellular metabolism of tumor (OV-90) and normal (MM 14) ovarian cells. The observed effects were compared with those of paclitaxel (PTX), which is now a standard for the treatment of ovarian cancer. The results provide direct evidence that Epo B is considerably more cytotoxic to human OV-90 ovarian cancer cells than PTX. We have found, that antitumor efficacy of this new drug is related to its apoptosis-inducing ability, which was confirmed during measurements typical markers of the process. Epo B induced changes in morphology of cells, mitochondrial membrane potential and cytochrome c release. Also a slight increase of the intracellular calcium level was observed. Moreover, we have found that ROS production, stimulated by Epo B, is directly involved in the induction of apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Rogalska
- Department of Thermobiology, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Ewa Szula
- Department of Thermobiology, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Gajek
- Department of Thermobiology, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Marczak
- Department of Thermobiology, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Zofia Jóźwiak
- Department of Thermobiology, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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Pla-Martín D, Rueda CB, Estela A, Sánchez-Piris M, González-Sánchez P, Traba J, de la Fuente S, Scorrano L, Renau-Piqueras J, Alvarez J, Satrústegui J, Palau F. Silencing of the Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease-associated gene GDAP1 induces abnormal mitochondrial distribution and affects Ca2+ homeostasis by reducing store-operated Ca2+ entry. Neurobiol Dis 2013; 55:140-51. [PMID: 23542510 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
GDAP1 is an outer mitochondrial membrane protein that acts as a regulator of mitochondrial dynamics. Mutations of the GDAP1 gene cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) neuropathy. We show that GDAP1 interacts with the vesicle-organelle trafficking proteins RAB6B and caytaxin, which suggests that GDAP1 may participate in the mitochondrial movement within the cell. GDAP1 silencing in the SH-SY5Y cell line induces abnormal distribution of the mitochondrial network, reduces the contact between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and alters the mobilization of mitochondria towards plasma membrane upon depletion of ER-Ca(2+) stores. GDAP1 silencing does not affect mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake, ER-Ca(2+), or Ca(2+) flow from ER to mitochondria, but reduces Ca(2+) inflow through store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) following mobilization of ER-Ca(2+) and SOCE-driven Ca(2+) entry in mitochondria. Our studies suggest that the pathophysiology of GDAP1-related CMT neuropathies may be associated with abnormal distribution and movement of mitochondria throughout cytoskeleton towards the ER and subplasmalemmal microdomains, resulting in a decrease in SOCE activity and impaired SOCE-driven Ca(2+) uptake in mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pla-Martín
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, CSIC, Valencia, Spain
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Rovini A, Savry A, Braguer D, Carré M. Microtubule-targeted agents: When mitochondria become essential to chemotherapy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2011; 1807:679-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Revised: 01/02/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Li D, Sewer MB. RhoA and DIAPH1 mediate adrenocorticotropin-stimulated cortisol biosynthesis by regulating mitochondrial trafficking. Endocrinology 2010; 151:4313-23. [PMID: 20591975 PMCID: PMC2940507 DOI: 10.1210/en.2010-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Steroid hormones are formed by the successive action of enzymes that are localized in mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Compartmentalization of these enzymes in different subcellular organelles dictates the need for efficient transfer of intermediary metabolites between the mitochondrion and ER; however, the molecular determinants that regulate interorganelle substrate exchange are unknown. The objective of this study was to define the molecular mechanism by which adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) signaling regulates communication between mitochondria and the ER during steroidogenesis. Using live cell video confocal microscopy, we found that ACTH and dibutyryl cAMP rapidly increased the rate of mitochondrial movement. Inhibiting tubulin polymerization prevented both basal and ACTH/cAMP-stimulated mitochondrial trafficking and decreased cortisol secretion. This decrease in cortisol secretion evoked by microtubule inhibition was paralleled by an increase in dehydroepiandrosterone production. In contrast, treatment with paclitaxel to stabilize microtubules or latrunculin B to inhibit actin polymerization and disrupt microfilament organization increased both mitochondrial trafficking and cortisol biosynthesis. ACTH-stimulated mitochondrial movement was dependent on RhoA and the RhoA effector, diaphanous-related homolog 1 (DIAPH1). ACTH signaling temporally increased the cellular concentrations of GTP-bound and Ser-188 phosphorylated RhoA, which promoted interaction with DIAPH1. Expression of a dominant-negative RhoA mutant or silencing DIAPH1 impaired mitochondrial trafficking and cortisol biosynthesis and concomitantly increased the secretion of adrenal androgens. We conclude that ACTH regulates cortisol production by facilitating interorganelle substrate transfer via a process that is mediated by RhoA and DIAPH1, which act to coordinate the dynamic trafficking of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Li
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0704, USA
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Wu YT, Wu SB, Lee WY, Wei YH. Mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction-elicited oxidative stress and posttranslational protein modification in mitochondrial diseases. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2010; 1201:147-56. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05631.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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