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Yan J, Liu T, Li Y, Zhang J, Shi B, Zhang F, Hou X, Zhang X, Cui W, Li J, Yao H, Li X, Gao Y, Jiang J. Effects of magnetically targeted iron oxide@polydopamine-labeled human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in cerebral infarction in mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:1130-1142. [PMID: 36812482 PMCID: PMC10008509 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells are a potential therapeutic candidate for cerebral infarction due to their anti-inflammatory proprieties. However, ensuring the engraftment of sufficient cells into the affected brain area remains a challenge. Herein, magnetic targeting techniques were used for the transplantation of a large number of cells noninvasively. Mice subjected to pMCAO surgery were administered MSCs labeled or not with iron oxide@polydopamine nanoparticles by tail vein injection. Iron oxide@polydopamine particles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, and labeled MSCs were characterized by flow cytometry and their differentiation potential was assessed in vitro. Following the systemic injection of iron oxide@polydopamine-labeled MSCs into pMCAO-induced mices, magnetic navigation increased the MSCs localization to the brain lesion site and reduced the lesion volume. Treatment with iron oxide@polydopamine-labeled MSCs also significantly inhibited M1 microglia polarization and increased M2 microglia cell infiltration. Furthermore, western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that microtubule-associated protein 2 and NeuN levels were upregulated the brain tissue of mice treated with iron oxide@polydopamine-labeled MSCs. Thus, iron oxide@polydopamine-labeled MSCs attenuated brain injury and protected neurons by preventing pro-inflammatory microglia activation. Overall, the proposed iron oxide@polydopamine-labeled MSCs approach may overcome the major drawback of the conventional MSCs therapy for the treatment of cerebral infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yan
- Department of Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China.,Central Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Women and Children’s Medical Center (Group), Xigang District, Dalian 116012, China
| | - Te Liu
- Department of Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Bo Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Fuqiang Zhang
- Department of Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Xuejia Hou
- Department of Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- Department of Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Wanxing Cui
- Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Hua Yao
- Department of Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Xiuying Li
- Department of Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Yufei Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130031, Jilin, China
| | - Jinlan Jiang
- Department of Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
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Fang CN, Tan HQ, Song AB, Jiang N, Liu QR, Song T. NGF/TrkA promotes the vitality, migration and adhesion of bone marrow stromal cells in hypoxia by regulating the Nrf2 pathway. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:2017-2026. [PMID: 35579787 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00974-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) transplantation is a treatment strategy for ischemic stroke (IS) with great potential. However, the vitality, migration and adhesion of BMSCs are greatly impaired due to the harsh environment of the ischemic area, which affects the therapeutic effects. Herein, we aimed to investigate the roles of nerve growth factor (NGF) in regulating cell behaviors of BMSCs in IS. METHODS The mRNA and protein expressions were assessed using qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. To simulate ischemic-like conditions in vitro, Brain microvascular (bEnd.3) cells were exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). Cell viability and cell proliferation were evaluated by MTT assay and BrdU assay, respectively. Transwell migration and cell adhesion assays were carried out to determine cell migration and adhesion of BMSCs, respectively, coupled with flow cytometry to evaluate cell apoptosis of bEnd.3 cells. Finally, angiogenesis assay was performed to assess the angiogenesis ability of bEnd.3 cells. RESULTS NGF overexpression resulted in increased cell vitality, adhesion and migration of BMSCs, while NGF knockdown presented the opposite effects. We subsequently discovered that TrkA was a receptor for NGF, and TrkA knockdown significantly inhibited the cell viability, migration and adhesion of BMSCs. Besides, Nrf2 was confirmed as the downstream target of NGF/TrkA to promote the viability, adhesion and migration of BMSC cells. Finally, NGF-silenced BMSCs could not effectively restore the OGD-induced brain microvascular cell damage. CONCLUSIONS NGF/TrkA promoted the viability, migration and adhesion of BMSCs in IS via activating Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Ni Fang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the first-affiliated Hospital of Hunan normal University), No.89, Guhan Road, Furong District, 410000, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Qun Tan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the first-affiliated Hospital of Hunan normal University), No.89, Guhan Road, Furong District, 410000, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Ao-Bo Song
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the first-affiliated Hospital of Hunan normal University), No.89, Guhan Road, Furong District, 410000, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Ni Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the first-affiliated Hospital of Hunan normal University), No.89, Guhan Road, Furong District, 410000, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Qian-Rong Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the first-affiliated Hospital of Hunan normal University), No.89, Guhan Road, Furong District, 410000, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the first-affiliated Hospital of Hunan normal University), No.89, Guhan Road, Furong District, 410000, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China.
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Zheng J, Mao X, Wang D, Xia S. Preconditioned MSCs Alleviate Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats by Improving the Neurological Function and the Inhibition of Apoptosis. Brain Sci 2022; 12:631. [PMID: 35625017 PMCID: PMC9140028 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12050631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have great application prospects in the treatment of ischemic injury. However, their long-time cultivation before transplantation and poor survival after transplantation greatly limit the therapeutic effect and applications. This study aimed to investigate whether MSCs under the ischemic microenvironment could improve their survival and better alleviate cerebral ischemic injury. Firstly, we used ischemic brain tissue to culture MSCs and evaluated the functional changes of MSCs. Then a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was induced in rats, and the pretreated MSCs were injected via the tail vein. The adhesive removal test, rotarod test, modified neurological severity score, and pathological analyses were applied to assess the rats' neurological function. Then the expression of neuron and apoptosis related markers was detected. The results indicated that ischemic brain tissue pretreated MSCs promoted the proliferation and the release of the growth factors of MSCs. Meanwhile, in MCAO model rats, transplantation of pretreated MSCs enhanced the neurogenesis, attenuated behavioral changes, reduced infarct size, and inhibited apoptosis. The expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), NF-L, and NeuN were increased, while BCL2-Associated X (Bax) and Caspase-3 decreased. Our results suggest that MSCs pretreatment with stroke brain tissue could be an effective strategy in treating cerebral ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Xueyu Mao
- Department of Neurology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China; (X.M.); (D.W.); (S.X.)
| | - Delong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China; (X.M.); (D.W.); (S.X.)
| | - Shiliang Xia
- Department of Neurology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China; (X.M.); (D.W.); (S.X.)
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Progress in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Ischemic Stroke. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:9923566. [PMID: 34221026 PMCID: PMC8219421 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9923566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a serious cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity and disability worldwide. Despite the great efforts that have been made, the prognosis of patients with IS remains unsatisfactory. Notably, recent studies indicated that mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) therapy is becoming a novel research hotspot with large potential in treating multiple human diseases including IS. The current article is aimed at reviewing the progress of MSC treatment on IS. The mechanism of MSCs in the treatment of IS involved with immune regulation, neuroprotection, angiogenesis, and neural circuit reconstruction. In addition, nutritional cytokines, mitochondria, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) may be the main mediators of the therapeutic effect of MSCs. Transplantation of MSCs-derived EVs (MSCs-EVs) affords a better neuroprotective against IS when compared with transplantation of MSCs alone. MSC therapy can prolong the treatment time window of ischemic stroke, and early administration within 7 days after stroke may be the best treatment opportunity. The deliver routine consists of intraventricular, intravascular, intranasal, and intraperitoneal. Furthermore, several methods such as hypoxic preconditioning and gene technology could increase the homing and survival ability of MSCs after transplantation. In addition, MSCs combined with some drugs or physical therapy measures also show better neurological improvement. These data supported the notion that MSC therapy might be a promising therapeutic strategy for IS. And the application of new technology will promote MSC therapy of IS.
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Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells improve post-ischemia neurological function in rats via the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/CRMP-2 pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:2193-2201. [PMID: 33559827 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04073-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is a potential therapy for cerebral ischemia. However, the underlying protective mechanism remains undetermined. Here, we tested the hypothesis that transplantation of BMSCs via intravenous injection can alleviate neurological functional deficits through activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway after cerebral ischemia in rats. METHODS A cerebral ischemic rat model was established by the 2 h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Twenty-four hours later, BMSCs (1 × 106 in 1 ml PBS) from SD rats were injected into the tail vein. Neurological function was evaluated by modified neurological severity score (mNSS) and modified adhesive removal test before and on d1, d3, d7, d10 and d14 after MCAO. Protein expressions of AKT, GSK-3β, CRMP-2 and GAP-43 were detected by Western-bolt. NF-200 was detected by immunofluorescence. RESULTS BMSCs transplantation did not only significantly improve the mNSS score and the adhesive-removal somatosensory test after MCAO, but also increase the density of NF-200 and the expression of p-AKT, pGSK-3β and GAP-43, while decrease the expression of pCRMP-2. Meanwhile, these effects can be suppressed by LY294002, a specific inhibitor of PI3K/AKT. CONCLUSION These data suggest that transplantation of BMSCs could promote axon growth and neurological deficit recovery after MCAO, which was associated with activation of PI3K/AKT /GSK-3β/CRMP-2 signaling pathway.
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Yang F, Li WB, Qu YW, Gao JX, Tang YS, Wang DJ, Pan YJ. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induce M2 microglia polarization through PDGF-AA/MANF signaling. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:633-658. [PMID: 32843919 PMCID: PMC7415242 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i7.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are capable of shifting the microglia/macrophages phenotype from M1 to M2, contributing to BMSCs-induced brain repair. However, the regulatory mechanism of BMSCs on microglia/macrophages after ischemic stroke is unclear. Recent evidence suggests that mesencephalic astrocyte–derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) and platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA)/MANF signaling regulate M1/M2 macrophage polarization.
AIM To investigate whether and how MANF or PDGF-AA/MANF signaling influences BMSCs-mediated M2 polarization.
METHODS We identified the secretion of MANF by BMSCs and developed transgenic BMSCs using a targeting small interfering RNA for knockdown of MANF expression. Using a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model transplanted by BMSCs and BMSCs–microglia Transwell coculture system, the effect of BMSCs-induced downregulation of MANF expression on the phenotype of microglia/macrophages was tested by Western blot, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence. Additionally, microglia were transfected with mimics of miR-30a*, which influenced expression of X-box binding protein (XBP) 1, a key transcription factor that synergized with activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) to govern MANF expression. We examined the levels of miR-30a*, ATF6, XBP1, and MANF after PDGF-AA treatment in the activated microglia.
RESULTS Inhibition of MANF attenuated BMSCs-induced functional recovery and decreased M2 marker production, but increased M1 marker expression in vivo or in vitro. Furthermore, PDGF-AA treatment decreased miR-30a* expression, had no influence on the levels of ATF6, but enhanced expression of both XBP1 and MANF.
CONCLUSION BMSCs-mediated MANF paracrine signaling, in particular the PDGF-AA/miR-30a*/XBP1/MANF pathway, synergistically mediates BMSCs-induced M2 polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wen-Bin Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ye-Wei Qu
- Department of Neurology, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jin-Xing Gao
- Department of Neurology, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yu-Shi Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Dong-Jie Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yu-Jun Pan
- Department of Neurology, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Zhao FY, Cheng TY, Yang L, Huang YH, Li C, Han JZ, Li XH, Fang LJ, Feng DD, Tang YT, Yue SJ, Tang SY, Luo ZQ, Liu W. G-CSF Inhibits Pulmonary Fibrosis by Promoting BMSC Homing to the Lungs via SDF-1/CXCR4 Chemotaxis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10515. [PMID: 32601321 PMCID: PMC7324625 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65580-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have multi-lineage differentiation potential and play an important role in tissue repair. Studies have shown that BMSCs gather at the injured tissue site after granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) administration. In this study, we first investigated whether G-CSF could promote BMSC homing to damaged lung tissue induced by bleomycin (BLM) and then investigated whether SDF-1/CXCR4 chemotaxis might be involved in this process. Next, we further studied the potential inhibitory effect of G-CSF administration in mice with lung fibrosis induced by bleomycin. We examined both the antifibrotic effects of G-CSF in mice with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in vivo and its effects on the proliferation, differentiation and chemotactic movement of cells in vitro. Flow cytometry, real-time PCR, transwell and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were used in this study. The results showed that both preventative and therapeutic G-CSF administration could significantly inhibit bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. G-CSF enhanced BMSC migration to lung tissues, but this effect could be alleviated by AMD3100, which blocked the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis. We also found that BMSCs could inhibit fibroblast proliferation and transdifferentiation into myofibroblasts through paracrine actions. In conclusion, G-CSF exerted antifibrotic effects in bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis, in part by promoting BMSC homing to injured lung tissues via SDF-1/CXCR4 chemotaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Yan Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Tian-Yin Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Lei Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Yan-Hong Huang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Physiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Han
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Li-Juan Fang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Dan-Dan Feng
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Yi-Ting Tang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Shao-Jie Yue
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Si-Yuan Tang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Zi-Qiang Luo
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.
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Li C, Fei K, Tian F, Gao C, Yang S. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate ischemic brain injuries in rats by modulating miR-21-3p/MAT2B signaling transduction. Croat Med J 2020. [PMID: 31686458 PMCID: PMC6852138 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2019.60.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To explore the mechanism underlying the protective effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) against ischemic stroke by focusing on miR-21-3p/MAT2B axis. Methods Ischemic brain injury was induced in 126 rats by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The effect of ADMSC administration on blood-brain barrier (BBB) condition, apoptosis, inflammation, and the activity of miR-21-3p/MAT2B axis was assessed. The role of miR-21-3p inhibition in the function of ADMSCs was further validated in in vitro neural cells. Results ADMSCs administration improved BBB condition, inhibited apoptosis, and suppressed inflammation. It also reduced the abnormally high level of miR-21-3p in MCAO rats. Dual luciferase assays showed that miR-21-3p directly inhibited the MAT2B expression in neural cells, and miR-21-3p inhibition by inhibitor or ADMSC-derived exosomes in neurons attenuated hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced impairments similarly to that of ADMSCs in vivo. Conclusion This study confirmed the protective effect of ADMSCs against ischemic brain injury exerted by suppressing miR-21-3p level and up-regulating MAT2B level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Song Yang
- Song Yang, Department of Emergency, Longnan Hospital of Daqing, No.35 Aiguo Road, Ranghulu District, 163453 Daqing City, China,
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Li W, Yang F, Gao J, Tang Y, Wang J, Pan Y. Over-Expression of TRPC6 via CRISPR Based Synergistic Activation Mediator in BMSCs Ameliorates Brain Injury in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion. Neuroscience 2019; 415:147-160. [PMID: 31369718 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a major life-threatening and disabling disease with a restricted therapeutic approach. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) possess proliferative ability and a multi-directional differentiation potential, and secrete a range of trophic/growth factors that can protect neurons after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) is a family of non-selective channels permeable to Ca2+, with several functions including neuronal survival. Over-expression of TRPC6, a subtype of the TRPC family, was shown to protect neurons against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, it remains unclear whether over-expression of TRPC6 in BMSCs can further reduce brain injury after ischemia/reperfusion. In the present study, we report that over-expression of TRPC6 via a CRISPR-based synergistic activation mediator in BMSCs provided a greater reduction of brain injury in a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion. Further, the improved neurofunctional outcomes were associated with increased TRPC6 and brain derived neurotrophic factor expression levels. Overall, these data suggest that TRPC6 over-expressing BMSCs may be a promising therapeutic agent for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Li
- Department of Neurology, First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Room 501, Building 3, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Neurology, First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Room 501, Building 3, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxing Gao
- Department of Neurology, First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Room 501, Building 3, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yushi Tang
- Department of Neurology, First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Room 501, Building 3, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Room 501, Building 3, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujun Pan
- Department of Neurology, First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Room 501, Building 3, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, People's Republic of China.
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Fang J, Guo Y, Tan S, Li Z, Xie H, Chen P, Wang K, He Z, He P, Ke Y, Jiang X, Chen Z. Autologous Endothelial Progenitor Cells Transplantation for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A 4-Year Follow-Up Study. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 8:14-21. [PMID: 30156755 PMCID: PMC6312444 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is a proven safe and effective method for treatment of cerebral ischemia in animal experiments. However, safety and efficacy need to be determined in clinical trials. We performed a two‐center, randomized, placebo‐controlled phase I/IIa trial with blinded outcome assessment on 18 patients with acute cerebral infarct within the middle cerebral artery territory, and followed for up to 4 years. Autologous ex vivo expanded EPCs were injected intravenously in the EPC group, and patients who received saline or autologous bone marrow stromal cells served as control groups. Mortality of any cause, adverse events, and new‐onset comorbidities were monitored. Changes in neurological deficits were assessed at different time points. We found no toxicity events or infusional or allergic reactions in any treated group. Three patients in the placebo group died during the 4‐year follow‐up. We found that the EPC group had fewer serious adverse events compared with the placebo‐controlled group, although there were no statistical differences in mortality among the three groups. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in neurological or functional improvement observed among the three groups, except for the Scandinavia Stroke Scale score at 3 months between the EPC group and placebo‐controlled group. Autologous transplantation of EPCs appears to improve long‐term safety in acute cerebral infarct patients, supporting the feasibility of this novel method for treatment of ischemic stroke (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01468064). Stem Cells Translational Medicine2019;8:14–21
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The National Key Clinical Specialty, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Tan
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanhui Li
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital's Nanhai Hospital, The Second People's Hospital of Nanhai District, Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Xie
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingyan Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicong He
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital's Nanhai Hospital, The Second People's Hospital of Nanhai District, Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng He
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital's Nanhai Hospital, The Second People's Hospital of Nanhai District, Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiquan Ke
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The National Key Clinical Specialty, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The National Key Clinical Specialty, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhou Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The National Key Clinical Specialty, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Chi L, Huang Y, Mao Y, Wu K, Zhang L, Nan G. Tail Vein Infusion of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Alleviated Inflammatory Response and Improved Blood Brain Barrier Condition by Suppressing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in a Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Rat Model. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:3946-3957. [PMID: 29888735 PMCID: PMC6026597 DOI: 10.12659/msm.907096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study was designed to explore the pathway through which adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) affect brain ischemic injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS The improving effect of ADMSCs on the brain function and structure was evaluated in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model. The permeability of the brain-blood barrier (BBB), inflammatory response, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related signaling induced by ischemia were determined. RESULTS The administration of ADMSCs decreased neurological severity score when compared with that in the MCAO group and also restricted the brain infarction area as well as cell apoptosis. ADMSCs suppressed the inflammation in brains by decreasing the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, contributing to the decreased permeability of the BBB. The expressions of pro-apoptosis factors in ER stress were inhibited while that of anti-apoptosis factors were induced. CONCLUSIONS ADMSCs affected brain injury in multiple ways, not only by suppressing inflammation in the brain infarction area, but also by blocking ER stress-induced apoptosis.
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Intrathecal Injection of Allogenic Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Treatment of Patients with Severe Ischemic Stroke: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Observer-Blinded Trial. Transl Stroke Res 2018; 10:170-177. [DOI: 10.1007/s12975-018-0634-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Xue P, Wang M, Yan G. Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation as an effective treatment strategy for ischemic stroke in Asia: a meta-analysis of controlled trials. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2018; 14:909-928. [PMID: 29785117 PMCID: PMC5957058 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s161326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy in patients with ischemic stroke (IS). Materials and methods Clinical trials involved in this research were searched from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Wanfang and CNKI database. Therapeutic effects of MSC therapy were assessed according to National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Barthel index (BI), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and its safety was evaluated based on adverse events. Results This research covered 23 trials including 1,279 IS patients. Based on our analysis, the overall condition of IS patients significantly improved after MSC therapy, indicated by decreased NIHSS and increased BI, FMA and FIM scores. Our analysis also showed that the treatment effects in the MSC transplantation group were superior to those in the control group (routine medication therapy) with statistical significance for NIHSS (1 month after therapy: odds ratio [OR]=-1.92, CI=-3.49 to -0.34, P=0.02; 3 months after therapy: OR=-2.65, CI=-3.40 to -1.90, P<0.00001), BI (1 month after therapy: OR=0.99, CI=0.19-1.79, P=0.02; 6 months after therapy: OR=10.10, CI=3.07-17.14, P=0.005), FMA (3 months after therapy: OR=10.20, CI=3.70-16.70, P=0.002; 6 months after therapy: OR=10.82, CI=6.45-15.18, P<0.00001) and FIM (1 month after therapy: OR=15.61, CI=-0.02 to 31.24, P=0.05; 6 months after therapy: OR=16.56, CI=9.06-24.06, P<0.0001). No serious adverse events were reported during MSC therapy. Conclusion MSC therapy is safe and effective in treating IS by improving the neurological deficits, motor function and daily life quality of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xue
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanhua Yan
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, People's Republic of China
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Ji M, Wang W, Li S, Hu W. Implantation of bone mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing miRNA‑705 mitigated ischemic brain injury. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:8323-8328. [PMID: 28983620 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic brain damage remains the major cause of death and disability worldwide. Bone mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation has been identified to serve important roles in cerebral infarction due to its multi‑directional differentiation and proliferative ability. However, the function of miR‑705 combined with BMSCs on ischemic brain injury remains to be fully elucidated. In the present study, an ischemic brain injury mouse model was constructed, and the mice were injected with BMSCs infected by lentiviral particles expressing miR‑705 (BMSCs‑Ad‑miR‑705) to explore the mechanism by which BMSCs‑Ad‑miR‑705 mitigates neurological deficits in ischemic brain damage. In the sham group, no significant neurological injury evaluated via neurological deficit scores was identified, the morphological structure of brain stained with HE was almost normal, and few apoptotic cells were detected by TUNEL assay. However, the PBS group exhibited significant brain damage (P<0.05). BMSCs‑Ad (BMSCs infected with control lentiviral particles) and BMSCs‑Ad‑miR‑705 markedly mitigated neurological injury, suppressed morphological damage and inhibited neuronal apoptosis, however promoted the mRNA levels of brain‑derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) examined by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Notably, BMSCs‑Ad‑miR‑705 improved the outcome of BMSCs‑Ad transplantation. These data indicated that BMSCs‑Ad‑miR‑705 promoted the secretion of VEGF and BDNF, suppressed neuronal apoptosis, and stimulated neuronal regeneration, in turn mitigating the impairment of ischemic brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ji
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Chao‑yang Hospital, Affiliate of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Chao‑yang Hospital, Affiliate of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Shujuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Chao‑yang Hospital, Affiliate of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Wenli Hu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Chao‑yang Hospital, Affiliate of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
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Akhoundzadeh K, Vakili A, Sameni HR, Vafaei AA, Rashidy-Pour A, Safari M, Mohammadkhani R. Effects of the combined treatment of bone marrow stromal cells with mild exercise and thyroid hormone on brain damage and apoptosis in a mouse focal cerebral ischemia model. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:1267-1277. [PMID: 28547077 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-0034-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This study examined whether post-stroke bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) therapy combined with exercise (EX) and/or thyroid hormone (TH) could reduce brain damage in an experimental ischemic stroke in mice. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced under Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF) guide by 45 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), followed by 7 days of reperfusion in albino mice. BMSCs were injected into the right cerebral ventricle 24 h after MCAO, followed by daily injection of T3 (20 μg/100 g weight S.C) and 6 days of running on a treadmill. Infarct size, neurobehavioral test, TUNEL and BrdU positive cells were evaluated at 7 days after MCAO. Treatment with BMSCs and mild EX alone significantly reduced the infarct volume by 23% and 44%, respectively (both, p < 0.001). The BMSCs + TH, BMSCs + EX, and BMSCs + EX + TH combination therapies significantly reduced the infarct volume by 26%, 51%, and 70%, respectively (all, p < 0.001). A significant improvement in the neurobehavioral functioning was observed in the EX, BMSCs + EX, and BMSCs + EX+ TH groups (p < 0.001). The number of TUNEL-positive cells (a marker of apoptosis) was significantly reduced in the EX, BMSCs, BMSCs + EX, BMSCs + TH, and BMSCs + EX + TH groups (all, p < 0.001). Moreover, the combination therapy considerably increased BrdU-labeled cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) (p < 0.01). Our findings indicated that the combined treatment of BMSCs with mild EX and TH more efficiently reduces the cerebral infarct size after stroke. More likely, these effects mediate via enchaining generation of new neuronal cells and the attenuation of apoptosis in ischemia stroke in young mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobar Akhoundzadeh
- Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Abedin Vakili
- Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Hamid Reza Sameni
- Research Center of Nervous System Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Abbas Ali Vafaei
- Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Rashidy-Pour
- Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Manouchehr Safari
- Research Center of Nervous System Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Razieh Mohammadkhani
- Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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Fu S, Yang L, Hong H, Zhang R. [Wnt/β-catenin signaling is involved in the Icariin induced proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells]. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2016; 36:360-8. [PMID: 27468552 DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(16)30050-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of icariin on proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. METHODS BMSCs were obtained from SD rat bone marrow with differential time adherent method. Its characteristic was identified through differentiation cell surface antigens and the multi-lineage (osteo/adipo/chondo) differentiation potential. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method and 5-Bromo-2-Deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation were applied to detect the effect of icariin on BMSCs proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to detect proliferation index of BMSCs. The RNA level and the distribution of β-catenin were evaluated by Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Immunofluorescent staining respectively. Western blot was used to detect protein expression levels of β-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β), phospho-glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (pGSK-3β) and cyclinD1. RESULTS Icariin promoted BMSCs proliferation at the concentration of 0.05-2.0 mg/L. The percentage of BrdU positive cells of BMSCs was increased from 40.98% to 70.42%, and the proliferation index value was increased from 8.9% to 17.5% with the treatment of 0.05 mg/L icariin, which significance values were both less than 0.05. Compared with the control group, total and nuclear β-catenin proteins, as well as β-catenin mRNA expression, were all increased with icariin treatment. Meanwhile, the phosphorylation level of GSK-3β and cyclinD1 protein expressions were also increased in BMSCs with icariin treatment. CONCLUSION The findings of the present study demonstrated that low dosage of icariin could promote BMSCs proliferation. The activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathways was involved in this process.
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He B, Yao Q, Liang Z, Lin J, Xie Y, Li S, Wu G, Yang Z, Xu P. The Dose of Intravenously Transplanted Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Determines the Therapeutic Effect on Vascular Remodeling in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke. Cell Transplant 2016; 25:2173-2185. [PMID: 27480476 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x692627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic benefits of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) transplantation for ischemic stroke have been extensively demonstrated. However, studies on the optimal cell dose for intravenous administration are still limited. This study aimed to determine an appropriate cell dose for BM-MSC intravenous transplantation and to investigate the effect of cell dose on vascular remodeling in a rat model of ischemic stroke. BM-MSCs at doses of 5104 (low-dose group), 5105 (medium-dose group), and 2106 (high-dose group) were intravenously injected into rats at 72 h after ischemia. The therapeutic efficacy of BM-MSCs was evaluated by measuring infarct volume, vascular diameters, capillary area in the peri-infarct zone, level of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the peri-infarct zone, and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level at 7 days after ischemia. Compared with the low-dose and control groups, medium-dose and high-dose BM-MSC transplantation significantly reduced the volume of the infarct area, enlarged the diameters of pial vessels and the basilar artery, and increased the capillary area in the peri-infarct zone of the cerebral cortex. Furthermore, transplanted BM-MSCs elevated the expressions of bFGF in the peri-infarct zone and the serum VEGF level. Administration of 5105 BM-MSCs is an appropriate cell dose for ischemic stroke therapy in rats. These findings may be helpful for designing future clinical trials.
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18
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Carvajal HG, Suárez-Meade P, Borlongan CV. Amnion-derived stem cell transplantation: A novel treatment for neurological disorders. Brain Circ 2016; 2:1-7. [PMID: 30276271 PMCID: PMC6126246 DOI: 10.4103/2394-8108.178537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we evaluated the literature reporting the use of amniotic stem cells (ASCs) in regenerative medicine for the treatment of neurological disorders. There is an increasing amount of evidence that indicates the exacerbation of the primary injury by inflammation in neurological disorders characterized by rampant inflammation, thereby increasing damage to the central nervous system (CNS). To address this, we focus on the amnion cells' anti-inflammatory properties, which make their transplantation a promising treatment for these disorders. In addition, we offered insights into new applications of the ASC in the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horacio G Carvajal
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA
| | - Paola Suárez-Meade
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA
| | - Cesario V Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA
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Bone Marrow-Derived Cells as a Therapeutic Approach to Optic Nerve Diseases. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:5078619. [PMID: 26649049 PMCID: PMC4663341 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5078619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Following optic nerve injury associated with acute or progressive diseases, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) of adult mammals degenerate and undergo apoptosis. These diseases have limited therapeutic options, due to the low inherent capacity of RGCs to regenerate and due to the inhibitory milieu of the central nervous system. Among the numerous treatment approaches investigated to stimulate neuronal survival and axonal extension, cell transplantation emerges as a promising option. This review focuses on cell therapies with bone marrow mononuclear cells and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, which have shown positive therapeutic effects in animal models of optic neuropathies. Different aspects of available preclinical studies are analyzed, including cell distribution, potential doses, routes of administration, and mechanisms of action. Finally, published and ongoing clinical trials are summarized.
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20
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Zhang YX, Yuan MZ, Cheng L, Lin LZ, Du HW, Chen RH, Liu N. Treadmill exercise enhances therapeutic potency of transplanted bone mesenchymal stem cells in cerebral ischemic rats via anti-apoptotic effects. BMC Neurosci 2015; 16:56. [PMID: 26342636 PMCID: PMC4560892 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-015-0196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) has proved to ameliorate ischemic brain injury in animals, but most transplanted MSCs undergo apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra, greatly compromising the therapeutic value of this treatment. Meanwhile, cell apoptosis can be inhibited by post-ischemia exercise which has been demonstrated to improve the expression of related anti-apoptotic proteins. The present study investigated whether treadmill exercise enhances the neuroprotective effects of transplanted MSCs in a rat experimental stroke model. Result Rats were subjected to 2-h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Twenty-four hours after reperfusion, they were assigned randomly to receive no MSCs treatment and no exercise (control group), intravenous transplantation of MSCs and treadmill exercise (MSCs + Ex group), MSCs transplantation only (MSCs group) and treadmill exercise only (Ex group). Neurological assessment, TUNEL staining and western blot were performed. Compared with the MSCs group and Ex group, the MSCs + Ex group reported markedly improved neurological function, significantly decreased apoptotic cells, and increased expressions of survivin and bcl-2 (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01, respectively). Interestingly, the treadmill exercise significantly inhibited the apoptosis of transplanted MSCs. As a result, the number of engrafted MSCs in the MSCs + Ex group was significantly higher than that in the MSC group (p < 0.01). Conclusions Treadmill exercise enhances the therapeutic potency of MSCs by improving neurological function and possibly inhibiting the apoptosis of neuron cells and transplanted MSCs. These effects may involve an increased expression of survivin and bcl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xian Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ming-Zhou Yuan
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lin Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Long-Zai Lin
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hou-Wei Du
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rong-Hua Chen
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nan Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Cao W, Li P. Effectiveness and Safety of Autologous Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Transplantation After Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis. Med Sci Monit 2015. [PMID: 26215395 PMCID: PMC4523068 DOI: 10.12659/msm.895081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous bone marrow stromal cells (BM-SCs) transplantation might be a potential therapy for stroke. Although a series of clinical trials were performed to assess the effectiveness and safety of BM-SCs transplantation after ischemic stroke, the results are still conflicting. This study aimed to pool previous controlled trials to assess the effectiveness of BM-SCs-based cell therapy after ischemic stroke. MATERIAL AND METHODS Relevant studies were searched among online databases. Barthel index (BI) or modified Barthel index (mBI), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and Rankin Score (mRS) were used to assess therapeutic effects. The frequencies of adverse events were extracted for assessing safety of stem cell therapy. Data analysis was performed by using Review Manager 5.3. RESULTS Patients who received cell therapy had significantly lower NIHSS score (-1.85) than the controls. In addition, there might be some benefits in daily activity measured by mBI, but this meta-analysis failed to demonstrate significant benefits of BM-SCs-based cell therapy in increasing the proportion of mRS ≤2 patients. We did not find any severe adverse events associated with BM-SCs-based cell therapy. CONCLUSIONS Although BM-MNCs/MSCs transplantation might generate some benefits in lowering the grade of impairment caused by ischemic stroke, large RCTs are required to further confirm the effectiveness of BM-MSCs/MNCs-based cell therapy and to optimize the conditions require for best therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Cao
- Department of Neurology, The Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Pan Li
- Department of Neurology, The Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China (mainland)
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Abstract
Stem cell-based therapies hold considerable promise for many currently devastating neurological disorders. Substantial progress has been made in the derivation of disease-relevant human donor cell populations. Behavioral data in relevant animal models of disease have demonstrated therapeutic efficacy for several cell-based approaches. Consequently, cGMP grade cell products are currently being developed for first in human clinical trials in select disorders. Despite the therapeutic promise, the presumed mechanism of action of donor cell populations often remains insufficiently validated. It depends greatly on the properties of the transplanted cell type and the underlying host pathology. Several new technologies have become available to probe mechanisms of action in real time and to manipulate in vivo cell function and integration to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Results from such studies generate crucial insight into the nature of brain repair that can be achieved today and push the boundaries of what may be possible in the future.
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Ikegame Y, Yamashita K, Nakashima S, Nomura Y, Yonezawa S, Asano Y, Shinoda J, Hara H, Iwama T. Fate of graft cells: what should be clarified for development of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for ischemic stroke? Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:322. [PMID: 25374506 PMCID: PMC4204523 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are believed to be promising for cell administration therapy after ischemic stroke. Because of their advantageous characteristics, such as ability of differentiation into neurovascular lineages, avoidance of immunological problems, and abundance of graft cells in mesodermal tissues, studies regarding MSC therapy have increased recently. However, several controversies are yet to be resolved before a worldwide consensus regarding a standard protocol is obtained. In particular, the neuroprotective effects, the rate of cell migration to the lesion, and differentiation direction differ depending on preclinical observations. Analyses of these differences and application of recent developments in stem cell biology or engineering in imaging modality may contribute to identification of criteria for optimal stem cell therapy in which reliable protocols, which control cell quality and include safe administration procedures, are defined for each recovery phase after cerebral ischemia. In this mini review, we examine controversies regarding the fate of grafts and the prospects for advanced therapy that could be obtained through recent developments in stem cell research as direct conversion to neural cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Ikegame
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chubu Medical Center for Prolonged Traumatic Brain Dysfunction Gifu, Japan ; Department of Clinical Brain Sciences, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu, Japan ; Department of Cell Signaling, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamashita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu, Japan ; Department of Neurosurgery, Murakami Memorial Hospital, Asahi University Gifu, Japan
| | - Shigeru Nakashima
- Department of Cell Signaling, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu, Japan
| | - Yuichi Nomura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chubu Medical Center for Prolonged Traumatic Brain Dysfunction Gifu, Japan
| | - Shingo Yonezawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chubu Medical Center for Prolonged Traumatic Brain Dysfunction Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Asano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chubu Medical Center for Prolonged Traumatic Brain Dysfunction Gifu, Japan ; Department of Clinical Brain Sciences, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu, Japan
| | - Jun Shinoda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chubu Medical Center for Prolonged Traumatic Brain Dysfunction Gifu, Japan ; Department of Clinical Brain Sciences, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hara
- Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Molecular Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University Gifu, Japan
| | - Toru Iwama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu, Japan
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Mediano DR, Sanz-Rubio D, Ranera B, Bolea R, Martín-Burriel I. The potential of mesenchymal stem cell in prion research. Zoonoses Public Health 2014; 62:165-78. [PMID: 24854140 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy are fatal neurodegenerative diseases caused by the accumulation of a misfolded protein (PrP(res)), the pathological form of the cellular prion protein (PrP(C)). For the last decades, prion research has greatly progressed, but many questions need to be solved about prion replication mechanisms, cell toxicity, differences in genetic susceptibility, species barrier or the nature of prion strains. These studies can be developed in murine models of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, although development of cell models for prion replication and sample titration could reduce economic and timing costs and also serve for basic research and treatment testing. Some murine cell lines can replicate scrapie strains previously adapted in mice and very few show the toxic effects of prion accumulation. Brain cell primary cultures can be more accurate models but are difficult to develop in naturally susceptible species like humans or domestic ruminants. Stem cells can be differentiated into neuron-like cells and be infected by prions. However, the use of embryo stem cells causes ethical problems in humans. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from many adult tissues, including bone marrow, adipose tissue or even peripheral blood. These cells differentiate into neuronal cells, express PrP(C) and can be infected by prions in vitro. In addition, in the last years, these cells are being used to develop therapies for many diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. We review here the use of cell models in prion research with a special interest in the potential use of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Mediano
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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