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Maharati A, Samsami Y, Latifi H, Tolue Ghasaban F, Moghbeli M. Role of the long non-coding RNAs in regulation of Gemcitabine response in tumor cells. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:168. [PMID: 37580768 PMCID: PMC10426205 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is widely used as one of the first line therapeutic methods in cancer patients. However, chemotherapeutic resistance is one of the most common problems in cancer patients, which leads to the therapeutic failure and tumor relapse. Considering the side effects of chemotherapy drugs in normal tissues, it is required to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in drug resistance to improve the therapeutic strategies in cancer patients. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have pivotal roles in regulation of cellular processes associated with drug resistance. LncRNAs deregulations have been frequently reported in a wide range of chemo-resistant tumors. Gemcitabine (GEM) as a nucleoside analog has a wide therapeutic application in different cancers. However, GEM resistance is considered as a therapeutic challenge. Considering the role of lncRNAs in the occurrence of GEM resistance, in the present review we discussed the molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in regulation of GEM response among cancer patients. It has been reported that lncRNAs have mainly an oncogenic role as the inducers of GEM resistance through direct or indirect regulation of transcription factors, autophagy, polycomb complex, and signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT, MAPK, WNT, JAK/STAT, and TGF-β. This review paves the way to present the lncRNAs as non-invasive markers to predict GEM response in cancer patients. Therefore, lncRNAs can be introduced as the efficient markers to reduce the possible chemotherapeutic side effects in GEM resistant cancer patients and define a suitable therapeutic strategy among these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yalda Samsami
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hanieh Latifi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Faezeh Tolue Ghasaban
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Zhang L, Ye B, Lin Y, Li YD, Wang JQ, Chen Z, Ping FF, Chen ZS. Ribociclib Inhibits P-gp-Mediated Multidrug Resistance in Human Epidermoid Carcinoma Cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:867128. [PMID: 35450042 PMCID: PMC9016416 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.867128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of cancer chemotherapy can be attenuated or abrogated by multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells. In this study, we determined the effect of the CDK4/6 inhibitor, ribociclib (or LEE011), on P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated MDR in the human epidermoid carcinoma MDR cell line, KB-C2, which is widely used for studying P-gp-mediated MDR in cancers. The incubation of KB-C2 cells with ribociclib (3–9 µM) increased the efficacy of colchicine, a substrate for P-gp. The cell expression of P-gp was down-regulated at both translation and transcription levels. Furthermore, ribociclib produced a 3.5-fold increase in the basal activity of P-gp ATPase, and the concentration required to increase basal activity by 50% (EC50) was 0.04 μM. Docking studies indicated that ribociclib interacted with the drug-substrate binding site of P-gp. The short-term and long-term intracellular accumulation of doxorubicin greatly increased in the KB-C2 cells co-cultured with ribociclib, indicating ribociclib inhibited the drug efflux activity of P-gp. The results of our study indicate that LEE011 may be a potential agent for combined therapy of the cancers with P-gp mediated MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States.,State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Biwei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi-Dong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Jing-Quan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Zhuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Feng Ping
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
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Zhang L, Li Y, Hu C, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chen ZS, Zhang JY, Fang S. CDK6-PI3K signaling axis is an efficient target for attenuating ABCB1/P-gp mediated multi-drug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:103. [PMID: 35459184 PMCID: PMC9027122 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01524-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug resistance (MDR) mediated by ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1/P-gp) is a major cause of cancer chemotherapy failure, but the regulation mechanisms are largely unknown. METHODS Based on single gene knockout, we studied the regulation of CDK6-PI3K axis on ABCB1-mediated MDR in human cancer cells. CRISPR/Cas9 technique was performed in KB-C2 cells to knockout cdk6 or cdk4 gene. Western blot, RT-PCR and transcriptome analysis were performed to investigate target gene deletion and expression of critical signaling factors. The effect of cdk4 or cdk6 deficiency on cell apoptosis and the cell cycle was analyzed using flow cytometry. In vivo studies were performed to study the sensitivity of KB-C2 tumors to doxorubicin, tumor growth and metastasis. RESULTS Deficiency of cdk6 led to remarkable downregulation of ABCB1 expression and reversal of ABCB1-mediated MDR. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that CDK6 knockout regulated a series of signaling factors, among them, PI3K 110α and 110β, KRAS and MAPK10 were downregulated, and FOS-promoting cell autophagy and CXCL1-regulating multiple factors were upregulated. Notably, PI3K 110α/110β deficiency in-return downregulated CDK6 and the CDK6-PI3K axis synergizes in regulating ABCB1 expression, which strengthened the regulation of ABCB1 over single regulation by either CDK6 or PI3K 110α/110β. High frequency of alternative splicing (AS) of premature ABCB1 mRNA induced by CDK6, CDK4 or PI3K 110α/110β level change was confirmed to alter the ABCB1 level, among them 10 common skipped exon (SE) events were found. In vivo experiments demonstrated that loss of cdk6 remarkably increased the sensitivity of KB-C2 tumors to doxorubicin by increasing drug accumulation of the tumors, resulting in remarkable inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis, as well as KB-C2 survival in the nude mice. CONCLUSIONS CDK6-PI3K as a new target signaling axis to reverse ABCB1-mediated MDR is reported for the first time in cancers. Pathways leading to inhibition of cancer cell proliferation were revealed to be accompanied by CDK6 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China. .,College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, 11439, USA. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yidong Li
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Chaohua Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yangmin Chen
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Zhuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Jian-Ye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Shuo Fang
- The department of clinical oncology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Precision Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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Sun Y, Wang P, Zhang Q, Wu H. CDK14/β-catenin/TCF4/miR-26b positive feedback regulation modulating pancreatic cancer cell phenotypes in vitro and tumor growth in mice model in vivo. J Gene Med 2022; 24:e3343. [PMID: 33871149 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chemotherapy and radiotherapy have been reported to be basically ineffective for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients; thus, gene therapy might provide a novel approach. CDK14, a new oncogenic member of the CDK family involved in the pancreatic cancer cell response to gemcitabine treatment, has been reported to be regulated by microRNAs. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether miR-26b regulated CDK14 expression to affect the phenotype of pancreatic cancer cells. METHODS Overexpression or knockdown of CDK14 or miR-26b was generated in pancreatic cancer cell lines and the function of CDK14 and miR-26b on cell phenotype and the Wnt signaling pathway was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine and transwell assays, as well as a xenograft model and western blotting. The predicted binding site between the 3'-untranslated region of CDK14 and miR-26b, miR-26b promoter and TCF4 was verified by luciferase or chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. RESULTS CDK14 overexpression inhibited p-GSK3β, whereas it promoted p-LRP6, the nuclear translocation of β-catenin and the transactivation of TCF4 transcription factor, thus promoting pancreatic cancer cell aggressiveness. miR-26b directly targeted CDK14 and inhibited CDK14 expression. In vitro and in vivo, miR-26b overexpression inhibited, and CDK14 overexpression promoted, cancer cell aggressiveness; CDK14 overexpression partially attenuated the miR-26b overexpression effects on cancer cells. The effects of miR-26b overexpression on tumor growth and the Wnt/β-catenin/TCF4 signaling were partially reversed by CDK14 overexpression. TCF4 inhibited the expression of miR-26b by targeting its promoter region. CONCLUSIONS CDK14, β-catenin, TCF4 and miR-26b form a positive feedback regulation for modulating pancreatic cancer cell phenotypes in vitro and tumor growth in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiyu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Wu
- Department of Post-anesthetic ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Transcriptional cyclin-dependent kinases as the mediators of inflammation-a review. Gene 2020; 769:145200. [PMID: 33031895 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) belong to the serine/threonine kinase family, and their unique interactions with a variety of cyclin complexes influence its catalytic activity to ensure unimpaired cell cycle progression. In addition to their cell cycle regulatory roles, it is becoming increasingly clear that the CDKs can have multiple functional roles like transcription, epigenetic regulation, metabolism, stem cell self-renewal, neuronal functions, and in spermatogenesis. Further in addition, recent reports suggest that CDKs have a remarkable regulatory role in influencing the pro-inflammatory functions of various cytokines during the clinical inflammatory responses. CDKs initiate the inflammatory responses by triggering the activity of prominent pro-inflammatory transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and activator protein 1 (AP-1). The transcriptional CDKs (tCDKs) is crucial for organizing various transcription events and associated processes such as RNA capping, splicing, 3' end formation, and chromatin remodeling. Although the in-depth mechanism of certain mammalian CDKs is explored with respect to inflammation, the role of other tCDKs or any synergistic play among the members still remains unexplored. Until today, there is only supportive and palliative care available most of the inflammatory disorders, and thus it is the right time to explore novel pharmacological targets. In this regard, we focus on the pathophysiological role of CDK7, CDK8 and CDK9 and their impact on the development of inflammatory disorders within the mammals. Additionally, we discuss the potential trends of having tCDKs as a therapeutic target for fine-tuning inflammatory disorders.
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MGMT-Mediated neuron Apoptosis in Injured Rat Spinal Cord. Tissue Cell 2019; 62:101311. [PMID: 32433023 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2019.101311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) induces a series of endogenous biochemical changes that lead to secondary degeneration, including apoptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential effect and mechanism of action of MGMT in strengthing neuronal apoptosis following SCI. To determine MGMT-mediated apoptosis in spinal cord injury, we performed western blot and analyzed the expression change of MGMT with different timepoints. Western blot analysis showed the upregulation of MGMT has a peak at 21 days in injured spinal cord tissues. Expression and location was observed in the neurons after SCI. Upregulation of p53, Bax, cleaved caspase3 and cleaved caspase9 and downregulation of Bcl2 were detected after SCI. Co-localization of cleaved caspase3 with MGMT indicated MGMT involved in apoptosis taking place after SCI. In addition, we carried out H2O2 stimulation to further confirm MGMT played a role in neuron apoptosis process and activated p53 signaling pathway in vitro. Finally, based above data, we packaged lenti-associated virus inhibit MGMT expression and injected into rat spinal cords after SCI model was built. LV-MGMT not only reduces the neuron apoptosis, but also increases GAP43 expression and promotes hindlimbs locomotor function recovery. Taken together, the in vivo data and the in vitro observations prove MGMT-mediated apoptosis in the injured spinal cord.
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Yuan YH, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Xu MD, Wu J, Li W, Wu MY, Li DM. Identification of key genes and pathways downstream of the β-catenin-TCF7L1 complex in pancreatic cancer cells using bioinformatics analysis. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:1117-1132. [PMID: 31423172 PMCID: PMC6607041 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a key component of the Wnt signaling pathway, the β-catenin-transcription factor 7 like 1 (TCF7L1) complex activates transcription and regulates downstream target genes that serve important roles in the pathology of pancreatic cancer. To identify associated key genes and pathways downstream of the β-catenin-TCF7L1 complex in pancreatic cancer cells, the current study used the gene expression profiles GSE57728 and GSE90926 downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus. GSE57728 is an array containing information regarding β-catenin knockdown and GSE90926 was developed by high throughput sequencing to provide information regarding TCF7L1 knockdown. Subsequently, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were sorted separately and the shared 88 DEGs, including 37 upregulated and 51 downregulated genes, were screened. Clustering analysis of these DEGs was performed by heatmap analysis. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses were then performed using FunRich software and Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery, which revealed that the DEGs were predominantly enriched in terms associated with transport, transcription factor activity, and cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway process. A DEG-associated protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, consisting of 58 nodes and 171 edges, was then constructed using Cytoscape software and the 15 genes with top node degrees were selected as the hub genes. Overall survival (OS) analysis of the 88 DEGs was performed and the relevant gene expression datasets were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Consequently, three upregulated and seven downregulated genes were identified to be associated with prognosis. Furthermore, high expression levels of five downregulated genes, including CXCL5, CYP27C1, FUBP1, CDK14 and TRIM24, were associated with worse OS. In addition, CDK14 and TRIM24 were revealed as hub genes in the PPI network and both were confirmed to be involved in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway. Promoter analysis was also applied to the five downregulated DEGs associated with prognosis, which revealed that TCF7L1 may serve as a transcription factor of the DEGs. In conclusion, the genes and pathways identified in the current study may provide potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hang Yuan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Dan Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China.,PREMED Key Laboratory for Precision Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215021, P.R. China.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Yao Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Dao-Ming Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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Sun Y, Wang P, Yang W, Shan Y, Zhang Q, Wu H. The role of lncRNA MSC-AS1/miR-29b-3p axis-mediated CDK14 modulation in pancreatic cancer proliferation and Gemcitabine-induced apoptosis. Cancer Biol Ther 2019; 20:729-739. [PMID: 30915884 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1529121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related death due to the failure of traditional therapies. In the present study, we attempted to construct a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network which may modulate PDAC cell proliferation and Gemcitabine-induced cell apoptosis starting from CDK14, a new member of the CDK family and an oncogene in many cancers. Based on TCGA data, a significant positive correlation was observed between lncRNA MSC-AS1 and CDK14. Moreover, MSC-AS1 expression was upregulated in PDAC tissues. Higher MSC-AS1 expression was correlated with poorer prognosis in patients with PDAC. MSC-AS1 knockdown in Panc-1 and BxPC-3 cells significantly inhibited the cell proliferation. Moreover, miR-29b-3p, which has been reported to act as a tumor suppressor, was predicted to bind to both MSC-AS1 and CDK14. Contrary to MSC-AS1, higher miR-29b-3p expression was correlated to better prognosis in patients with PDAC. In both PDAC cell lines, miR-29b-3p negatively regulated MSC-AS1 and CDK14. As confirmed using luciferase reporter gene and RIP assays, MSC-AS1 served as a ceRNA for miR-29b-3p to counteract miR-29b-mediated CDK14 repression. MSC-AS1 knockdown inhibited CDK14 protein levels and PDAC proliferation and enhanced gemcitabine-induced cell death and apoptosis while miR-29b-3p inhibition exerted an opposing effect; the effect of MSC-AS1 knockdown was partially attenuated by miR-29b-3p inhibition. Taken together, we demonstrated that MSC-AS1/miR-29b-3p axis modulates the cell proliferation and GEM-induced cell apoptosis in PDAC cell lines through CDK14. We provided a novel experimental basis for PDAC treatment from the perspective of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Sun
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- b Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Wenjun Yang
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Yunfeng Shan
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Qiyu Zhang
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Huanhuan Wu
- c Department of Post-anesthetic ICU , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
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Lentivirus-mediated silencing of the PTC1 and PTC2 genes promotes recovery from spinal cord injury by activating the Hedgehog signaling pathway in a rat model. Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e412. [PMID: 29244790 PMCID: PMC5750477 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of Patched-1 (PTC1) and PTC2 silencing in a rat model, on Hedgehog (Hh) pathway-mediated recovery from spinal cord injury (SCI). An analytical emphasis on the relationship between the sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway and nerve regeneration was explored. A total of 126 rats were divided into normal, sham, SCI, negative control (NC), PTC1-RNAi, PTC2-RNAi and PTC1/PTC2-RNAi groups. The Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) scale was employed to assess hind limb motor function. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were performed to examine the mRNA and protein levels of PTC1, PTC2, Shh, glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli-1), Smo and Nestin. Tissue morphology was analyzed using immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescent staining was conducted to detect neurofilament protein 200 (NF-200) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The PTC1/PTC2-RNAi group displayed higher BBB scores than the SCI and NC groups. Shh, Gli-1, Smo and Nestin expression levels were elevated in the PTC1/PTC2-RNAi group. PTC1 and PTC2 mRNA and protein expression was lower in the PTC1/PTC2-RNAi group than in the normal, sham and SCI groups. Among the seven groups, the PTC1/PTC2-RNAi group had the largest positive area of NF-200 staining, whereas the SCI group exhibited a larger GFAP-positive area than both the normal and the sham groups. The Shh pathway may provide new insights into therapeutic indications and regenerative recovery tools for the treatment of SCI. Activation of the Hh signaling pathway by silencing PTC1 and PTC2 may reduce inflammation and may ultimately promote SCI recovery.
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Zhou Y, Shen JK, Hornicek FJ, Kan Q, Duan Z. The emerging roles and therapeutic potential of cyclin-dependent kinase 11 (CDK11) in human cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:40846-40859. [PMID: 27049727 PMCID: PMC5130049 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression and/or hyperactivation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are common features of most cancer types. CDKs have been shown to play important roles in tumor cell proliferation and growth by controlling cell cycle, transcription, and RNA splicing. CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib has been recently approved by the FDA for the treatment of breast cancer. CDK11 is a serine/threonine protein kinase in the CDK family and recent studies have shown that CDK11 also plays critical roles in cancer cell growth and proliferation. A variety of genetic and epigenetic events may cause universal overexpression of CDK11 in human cancers. Inhibition of CDK11 has been shown to lead to cancer cell death and apoptosis. Significant evidence has suggested that CDK11 may be a novel and promising therapeutic target for the treatment of cancers. This review will focus on the emerging roles of CDK11 in human cancers, and provide a proof-of-principle for continued efforts toward targeting CDK11 for effective cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Jacson K. Shen
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Francis J. Hornicek
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Quancheng Kan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
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Chen X, Hao J, Fu T, Liu J, Yu M, He S, Qian R, Zhang F. Temporal and Spatial Expression of LGR5 After Acute Spinal Cord Injury in Adult Rats. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:2645-2654. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1977-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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