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Yang L, Liu X, Chen S, Sun J, Tao Y, Ma L, Zeng Y, Luo K, Tian R, Meng X. Scutellarin ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in OGD/R-insulted HT22 cells through mitophagy induction. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 179:117340. [PMID: 39191025 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Scutellarin (Scu), a flavonoid from herbal Erigeron breviscapus (Vaniot) Hand-Mazz, exerts neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia. However, whether the effects of Scu are related to mitochondrial protection needs further investigation. In this study, we aimed to clarify the mechanisms of Scu against HT22 cells injury caused by oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R). Our results proved that Scu significantly reduced the overload of intracellular reactive oxygen species (cellar ROS) and mitochondria reactive oxygen species (mito-ROS), ameliorating oxidative stress damage. TUNEL positive rate, Caspase-3 activity, and Cytochrome c (Cyto-c) expression remarkably decreased following Scu treatment. Meanwhile, Scu could maintain mitochondrial morphology and reverse ultrastructure changes. And mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), oxygen consumption rate (OCR), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and Na+/K+-ATPase activity were obviously promoted. Additionally, Scu was found to stimulate mitophagy level by increasing the expression of LC3, Beclin1, PINK1 and Parkin proteins, as well as promoting the degradation of p62. More importantly, the regulatory effects of Scu on mito-ROS, MMP, ATP, Na+/K+-ATPase, cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were markedly limited by Mdivi-1 (a mitophagy inhibitor). Of note, the inhibitor also reversed Scu-mediated apoptosis suppression, evidenced by the diminished apoptosis rate, the down-regulated expression activities of Cyto-c, Bax and cleaved Caspase-3, as well as the elevated level of Bcl-2 protein. Collectively, Scu could improve mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibit apoptosis by stimulating mitophagy, thereby attenuating OGD/R-induced HT22 cells injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan 620010, China
| | - Xianfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Siyin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Jiayi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yiwen Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Liyuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Kaipei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Ruimin Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China.
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan 620010, China.
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Fu D, Luo J, Wu Y, Zhang L, Li L, Chen H, Wen T, Fu Y, Xiong W. Angiotensin II-induced calcium overload affects mitochondrial functions in cardiac hypertrophy by targeting the USP2/MFN2 axis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 571:111938. [PMID: 37100191 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.111938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitination, a common type of post-translational modification, is known to affect various diseases, including cardiac hypertrophy. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 2 (USP2) plays a crucial role in regulating cell functions, but its role in cardiac functions remains elusive. The present study aims to investigate the mechanism of USP2 in cardiac hypertrophy. Animal and cell models of cardiac hypertrophy were established using Angiotensin II (Ang II) induction. Our experiments revealed that Ang II induced USP2 downregulation in the in vitro and in vivo models. USP2 overexpression suppressed the degree of cardiac hypertrophy (decreased ANP, BNP, and β-MHC mRNA levels, cell surface area, and ratio of protein/DNA), calcium overload (decreased Ca2+ concentration and t-CaMKⅡ and p-CaMKⅡ, and increased SERCA2), and mitochondrial dysfunction (decreased MDA and ROS and increased MFN1, ATP, MMP, and complex Ⅰ and II) both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, USP2 interacted with MFN2 and improved the protein level of MFN2 through deubiquitination. Rescue experiments confirmed that MFN2 downregulation neutralized the protective role of USP2 overexpression in cardiac hypertrophy. Overall, our findings suggested that USP2 overexpression mediated deubiquitination to upregulate MFN2, thus alleviating calcium overload-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyao Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanze Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liuping Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tong Wen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yongnan Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenjun Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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The Role of Mitochondrial Dynamin in Stroke. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2504798. [PMID: 35571256 PMCID: PMC9106451 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2504798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the world. However, the pathophysiological process of stroke is still not fully clarified. Mitochondria play an important role in promoting nerve survival and are an important drug target for the treatment of stroke. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the hallmarks of stroke. Mitochondria are in a state of continuous fission and fusion, which are termed as mitochondrial dynamics. Mitochondrial dynamics are very important for maintaining various functions of mitochondria. In this review, we will introduce the structure and functions of mitochondrial fission and fusion related proteins and discuss their role in the pathophysiologic process of stroke. A better understanding of mitochondrial dynamin in stroke will pave way for the development of new therapeutic options.
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Xia Y, Li Y, Wu X, Zhang Q, Chen S, Ma X, Yu M. Ironing Out the Details: How Iron Orchestrates Macrophage Polarization. Front Immunol 2021; 12:669566. [PMID: 34054839 PMCID: PMC8149954 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.669566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron fine-tunes innate immune responses, including macrophage inflammation. In this review, we summarize the current understanding about the iron in dictating macrophage polarization. Mechanistically, iron orchestrates macrophage polarization through several aspects, including cellular signaling, cellular metabolism, and epigenetic regulation. Therefore, iron modulates the development and progression of multiple macrophage-associated diseases, such as cancer, atherosclerosis, and liver diseases. Collectively, this review highlights the crucial role of iron for macrophage polarization, and indicates the potential application of iron supplementation as an adjuvant therapy in different inflammatory disorders relative to the balance of macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yikun Li
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingzhuo Zhang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianyong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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Stem Cells as Drug-like Biologics for Mitochondrial Repair in Stroke. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12070615. [PMID: 32630218 PMCID: PMC7407993 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a devastating condition characterized by widespread cell death after disruption of blood flow to the brain. The poor regenerative capacity of neural cells limits substantial recovery and prolongs disruptive sequelae. Current therapeutic options are limited and do not adequately address the underlying mitochondrial dysfunction caused by the stroke. These same mitochondrial impairments that result from acute cerebral ischemia are also present in retinal ischemia. In both cases, sufficient mitochondrial activity is necessary for cell survival, and while astrocytes are able to transfer mitochondria to damaged tissues to rescue them, they do not have the capacity to completely repair damaged tissues. Therefore, it is essential to investigate this mitochondrial transfer pathway as a target of future therapeutic strategies. In this review, we examine the current literature pertinent to mitochondrial repair in stroke, with an emphasis on stem cells as a source of healthy mitochondria. Stem cells are a compelling cell type to study in this context, as their ability to mitigate stroke-induced damage through non-mitochondrial mechanisms is well established. Thus, we will focus on the latest preclinical research relevant to mitochondria-based mechanisms in the treatment of cerebral and retinal ischemia and consider which stem cells are ideally suited for this purpose.
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Astragalus Polysaccharide Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Suppressing Oxidative Damage and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2851349. [PMID: 31998784 PMCID: PMC6970487 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2851349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug in the treatment of various solid tumors. However, the cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury remains a disturbing complication, which still lacks effective prevention. Cisplatin-induced oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction are anticipated to be crucial in the occurrence of kidney injury. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) has been reported to possess multiple biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and mitochondria protection. In this study, we investigated the potentially protective effect of APS against cisplatin-induced kidney injury both in vivo and in vitro. We found that APS pretreatment attenuated the cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction and histopathological damage in mice; in addition, it also protected the viability of HK-2 cells upon cisplatin exposure. APS attenuated the cisplatin-induced oxidative damage by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and recovering the activities of total superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in mice kidney. In addition, electron microscope analysis indicated that cisplatin induced extensive mitochondrial vacuolization in mice kidney. However, APS administration reversed these mitochondrial morphology changes. In HK-2 cells, APS reduced the cisplatin-induced mitochondrial and intracellular ROS generation. Furthermore, APS protected the normal morphology of mitochondria, blocked the cisplatin-induced mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, and reduced the cytochrome c leakage. Subsequently, APS reduced the cisplatin-induced apoptosis in mice renal and HK-2 cells. In conclusion, our data suggested that APS pretreatment might prevent cisplatin-induced kidney injury through attenuating oxidative damage, protecting mitochondria, and ameliorating mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis.
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Kingsbury C, Heyck M, Bonsack B, Lee JY, Borlongan CV. Stroke gets in your eyes: stroke-induced retinal ischemia and the potential of stem cell therapy. Neural Regen Res 2019; 15:1014-1018. [PMID: 31823871 PMCID: PMC7034271 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.270293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke persists as a global health and economic crisis, yet only two interventions to reduce stroke-induced brain injury exist. In the clinic, many patients who experience an ischemic stroke often further suffer from retinal ischemia, which can inhibit their ability to make a functional recovery and may diminish their overall quality of life. Despite this, no treatments for retinal ischemia have been developed. In both cases, ischemia-induced mitochondrial dysfunction initiates a cell loss cascade and inhibits endogenous brain repair. Stem cells have the ability to transfer healthy and functional mitochondria not only ischemic neurons, but also to similarly endangered retinal cells, replacing their defective mitochondria and thereby reducing cell death. In this review, we encapsulate and assess the relationship between cerebral and retinal ischemia, recent preclinical advancements made using in vitro and in vivo retinal ischemia models, the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in retinal ischemia pathology, and the therapeutic potential of stem cell-mediated mitochondrial transfer. Furthermore, we discuss the pitfalls in classic rodent functional assessments and the potential advantages of laser Doppler as a metric of stroke progression. The studies evaluated in this review highlight stem cell-derived mitochondrial transfer as a novel therapeutic approach to both retinal ischemia and stroke. Furthermore, we posit the immense correlation between cerebral and retinal ischemia as an underserved area of study, warranting exploration with the aim of these treating injuries together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase Kingsbury
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Matt Heyck
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Brooke Bonsack
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jea-Young Lee
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
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Heyck M, Bonsack B, Zhang H, Sadanandan N, Cozene B, Kingsbury C, Lee JY, Borlongan CV. The brain and eye: Treating cerebral and retinal ischemia through mitochondrial transfer. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:1485-1492. [PMID: 31604382 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219881623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke remains a devastating disease with limited treatment options, despite our growing understanding of its pathology. While ischemic stroke is traditionally characterized by a blockage of blood flow to the brain, this may coincide with reduced blood circulation to the eye, resulting in retinal ischemia, which may in turn lead to visual impairment. Although effective treatment options for retinal ischemia are similarly scarce, new evidence suggests that deleterious changes to mitochondrial structure and function play a major role in both cerebral and retinal ischemia pathologies. Prior studies establish that astrocytes transfer healthy mitochondria to ischemic neurons following stroke; however, this alone is not enough to significantly mitigate the damage caused by primary and secondary cell death. Thus, stem cell-based regenerative medicine targeting amelioration of ischemia-induced mitochondrial dysfunction via the transfer of functional mitochondria to injured neural cells represents a promising approach to improve stroke outcomes for both cerebral and retinal ischemia. In this review, we evaluate recent laboratory evidence supporting the remedial capabilities of mitochondrial transfer as an innovative stroke treatment. In particular, we examine exogenous stem cell transplants in their potential role as suppliers of healthy mitochondria to neurons, brain endothelial cells, and retinal cells.Impact statementStroke constitutes a global health crisis, yet potent, applicable therapeutic options remain effectively inaccessible for many patients. To this end, stem cell transplants stand as a promising stroke treatment and as an emerging subject of research for cell-based regenerative medicine. This is the first review to synthesize the implications of stem cell-derived mitochondrial transfer in both the brain and the eye. As such, this report carries fresh insight into the commonalities between the two stroke-affected organs. We present the findings of this developing area of research inquiry with the hope that our evaluation may advance the use of stem cell transplants as viable therapeutic alternatives for ischemic stroke and related disorders characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction. Such lab-to-clinic translational advancement has the potential to save and improve the ever increasing millions of lives affected by stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Heyck
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Brooke Bonsack
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Henry Zhang
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Nadia Sadanandan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Blaise Cozene
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Chase Kingsbury
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jea-Young Lee
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Retinal ischemia is a major cause of visual impairment in stroke patients, but our incomplete understanding of its pathology may contribute to a lack of effective treatment. Here, we investigated the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in retinal ischemia and probed the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in mitochondrial repair under such pathological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Nguyen
- From the Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa (H.N., J.Y.L., P.R.S., C.V.B.)
| | - Jea Young Lee
- From the Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa (H.N., J.Y.L., P.R.S., C.V.B.)
| | - Paul R Sanberg
- From the Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa (H.N., J.Y.L., P.R.S., C.V.B.)
| | - Eleonora Napoli
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis (E.N.)
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- From the Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa (H.N., J.Y.L., P.R.S., C.V.B.)
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Wang L, Song S, Liu X, Zhang M, Xiang W. Low MFN2 expression related to ageing in granulosa cells is associated with assisted reproductive technology outcome. Reprod Biomed Online 2018; 38:152-158. [PMID: 30593438 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Is low MFN2 expression associated with ageing in granulosa cells as well as assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcome, and what is the underlying mechanism of action of MFN2? DESIGN In a prospective study, fresh granulosa cells were obtained from 161 women aged 20-40 years who underwent IVF with embryo transfer and who were divided into two groups: the diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) group (n = 51) and the control group (n = 110). Patient characteristics including age, infertility duration, body mass index, FSH, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC) and husband's semen parameters and granulosa cell MFN2 expression levels, cell apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and ATP levels were analysed. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the DOR and control groups in terms of age, infertility duration and husband'' semen parameters; however, significant (P< 0.05) changes were found between the two groups in FSH, AMH and AFC levels. MFN2 expression was remarkably lower in granulosa cells from the DOR group and decreased in both groups as age increased. Furthermore, among young patients, MFN2 levels significantly increased in patients with pregnancy. MFN2 protein levels and cell apoptosis were lower in the MFN2 knockdown (MFN2-siRNA) group than in the control (Cy3-siRNA) group. ΔΨm and ATP levels were reduced in the MFN2-siRNA group compared with the Cy3-siRNA group. CONCLUSIONS Low MFN2 expression levels in granulosa cells were related to ageing, which may be involved in the clinical outcome of ART by promoting cell apoptosis and affecting mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjuan Wang
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Su Song
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Wenpei Xiang
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
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Chimeh U, Zimmerman MA, Gilyazova N, Li PA. B355252, A Novel Small Molecule, Confers Neuroprotection Against Cobalt Chloride Toxicity In Mouse Hippocampal Cells Through Altering Mitochondrial Dynamics And Limiting Autophagy Induction. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:1384-1396. [PMID: 30275767 PMCID: PMC6158673 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.24702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral hypoxia as often occurs in cases of stroke, hemorrhage, or other traumatic brain injuries, is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and a main driver of disabilities in the elderly. Using a chemical mimetic of hypoxia, cobalt chloride (CoCl2), we tested the ability of a novel small molecule, 4-chloro-N-(naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)-5-(3-(piperazin-1-yl)phenoxy)thiophene-2-sulfonamide (B355252), to alleviate CoCl2-induced damage in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. A dose-dependent decrease in cell viability was observed during CoCl2 treatment along with increases in mitochondrial membrane potential and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). B355252 conferred protection against these changes. We further found that mitochondrial dynamics, the balance between mitochondrial fusion and fission, were perturbed by CoCl2 treatment. Mitochondrial fusion, which was assessed by measuring the expression of proteins optic atrophy protein 1 (OPA1) and mitofusin 2 (Mfn2), declined due to CoCl2 exposure, but B355252 addition was able to elevate Mfn2 expression while OPA1 expression was unchanged. Mitochondrial fission, measured by phosphorylated dynamin-related protein 1 (p-DRP1) and fission protein 1 (FIS1) expression, also decreased following CoCl2 exposure, and was stabilized by B355252 addition. Finally, autophagy was assessed by measuring the conversion of cytosolic microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain three-I (LC3-I) to autophagosome-bound microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain three-II (LC3-II) and was found to be increased by CoCl2. B355252 addition significantly reduced autophagy induction. Taken together, our results indicate B355252 has therapeutic potential to reduce the damaging effects caused by CoCl2 and should be further evaluated for applications in cerebral ischemia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - P. Andy Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute Biotechnology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC USA
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