|
1
|
Ahram M, Abu Alragheb B, Abushukair H, Bawadi R, Al-Hussaini M. MicroRNAs Associated with Androgen Receptor and Metastasis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:665. [PMID: 38339416 PMCID: PMC10854913 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
It is crucial to identify novel molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The androgen receptor (AR) is a regulator of TNBC, acting partially via microRNA molecules (miRNAs). In this study, we used PCR arrays to profile the expression of 84 miRNAs in 24 TNBC tissue samples, which were equally classified according to AR expression and/or metastasis. Several bioinformatics tools were then utilized to determine the potentially affected protein targets and signaling pathways. Seven miRNAs were found to be significantly more highly expressed in association with AR expression, including miR-328-3p and miR-489-3p. Increased expression of miR-205-3p was found to be significantly associated with metastasis. Certain miRNAs were specifically found to be differentially expressed in either metastatic or non-metastatic AR-positive tumors. A gene ontology (GO) analysis indicated biological roles in the regulation of transcription, cellular response to DNA damage, and the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signaling pathway. The GO analysis also showed enrichment in kinase and transcription factor activities. The TGF-beta and a number of kinase-dependent pathways were also retrieved using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. This study offers an understanding of the role of AR in TNBC and further implicates miRNAs in mediating the effects of AR on TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mamoun Ahram
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | | | - Hassan Abushukair
- School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan;
| | - Randa Bawadi
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Maysa Al-Hussaini
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan;
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Iqneibi S, Nazzal J, Owda B, Sultan H, Amoudi R, Amarin JZ, Al-Ghnimat S, Ahram M, Al-Hussaini M. Immunohistochemical Expression of p27Kip1, p57Kip2, Cyclin D1, Nestin, and Ki-67 in Ependymoma. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12020282. [PMID: 35204045 PMCID: PMC8870614 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12020282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
p27 and p57 are tumor suppressors that are dysregulated in many cancers. We investigated the immunohistochemical expression of p27 and p57 in ependymoma, with a secondary emphasis on cyclin D1, nestin, and Ki-67. Sixty-five patients diagnosed with ependymoma were included. Clinical and tumoral data were retrieved, and the expression of p27, p57, cyclin D1, nestin, and Ki-67 was measured. Pearson’s χ2 test was used to measure associations and the Kaplan–Meier method was used for survival analysis. p27 underexpression was significantly associated with pseudopalisading necrosis in tumors with foci of necrosis (p = 0.004). Cyclin D1 overexpression was associated with intracranial (p = 0.044), recurrent (p = 0.022) and grade 3 tumors (p = 0.016); nestin overexpression was associated with supratentorial (p = 0.025), mitotically active (p < 0.001), and grade 3 tumors (p = 0.004); Ki-67 overexpression was associated with supratentorial (p = 0.044) and grade 3 tumors (p < 0.001) and the 3 main features of anaplasia. None of the markers were intercorrelated or predictive of overall survival. In conclusion, p27 underexpression in tumors with foci of necrosis signals a pseudopalisading pattern. Cyclin D1, nestin, and Ki-67 are useful markers in ependymoma, but evidence-based cutoff values are required to standardize this interpretation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahad Iqneibi
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (S.I.); (J.N.); (B.O.); (H.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Jamil Nazzal
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (S.I.); (J.N.); (B.O.); (H.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Basma Owda
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (S.I.); (J.N.); (B.O.); (H.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Hala Sultan
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (S.I.); (J.N.); (B.O.); (H.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Runa Amoudi
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (S.I.); (J.N.); (B.O.); (H.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Justin Z. Amarin
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan; (J.Z.A.); (S.A.-G.)
| | - Sura Al-Ghnimat
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan; (J.Z.A.); (S.A.-G.)
| | - Mamoun Ahram
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Maysa Al-Hussaini
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +962-795602694
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Chen S, Deng X, Sheng H, Rong Y, Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Lin J. Noncoding RNAs in pediatric brain tumors: Molecular functions and pathological implications. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 26:417-431. [PMID: 34552822 PMCID: PMC8426460 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Brain tumors are common solid pediatric malignancies and the main reason for cancer-related death in the pediatric setting. Recently, evidence has revealed that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), play a critical role in brain tumor development and progression. Therefore, in this review article, we describe the functions and molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs in multiple types of cancer, including medulloblastoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, ependymoma, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor, glioblastoma, diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, and craniopharyngioma. We also mention the limitations of using ncRNAs as therapeutic targets because of the nonspecificity of ncRNA targets and the delivery methods of ncRNAs. Due to the critical role of ncRNAs in brain oncogenesis, targeting aberrantly expressed ncRNAs might be an effective strategy to improve the outcomes of pediatric patients with brain tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaohuai Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hansong Sheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuxi Rong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yanhao Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yusong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Abstract
Even though the treatment of childhood cancer has evolved significantly in recent decades, aggressive central nervous system (CNS) tumors are still a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in this population. Consequently, the identification of molecular targets that can be incorporated into diagnostic practice, effectively predict prognosis, follow treatment response, and materialize into potential targeted therapeutic approaches are still warranted. Since the first evidence of the participation of miRNAs in cancer development and progression 20 years ago, notable progress has been made in the basic understanding of the contribution of their dysregulation as epigenetic driver of tumorigenesis. Nevertheless, among the plethora of articles in the literature, microRNA profiling of pediatric tumors are scarce. This article gives an overview of the recent advances in the diagnostic/prognostic potential of miRNAs in a selection of pediatric CNS tumors: medulloblastoma, ependymoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, glioblastoma, diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors, and choroid plexus tumors.
Collapse
|