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Volyanskaya AR, Akberdin IR, Kulyashov MA, Yevshin IS, Romanov MN, Shagimardanova EI, Gusev OA, Kolpakov FA. A bird's-eye overview of molecular mechanisms regulating feed intake in chickens-with mammalian comparisons. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 17:61-74. [PMID: 38737579 PMCID: PMC11087724 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, a lot of research has been conducted to explore poultry feeding behavior. However, up to now, the processes behind poultry feeding behavior remain poorly understood. The review generalizes modern expertise about the hormonal regulation of feeding behavior in chickens, focusing on signaling pathways mediated by insulin, leptin, and ghrelin and regulatory pathways with a cross-reference to mammals. This overview also summarizes state-of-the-art research devoted to hypothalamic neuropeptides that control feed intake and are prime candidates for predictors of feeding efficiency. Comparative analysis of the signaling pathways that mediate the feed intake regulation allowed us to conclude that there are major differences in the processes by which hormones influence specific neuropeptides and their contrasting roles in feed intake control between two vertebrate clades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia R. Volyanskaya
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Biosoft.Ru, Ltd., Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ilya R. Akberdin
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Biosoft.Ru, Ltd., Novosibirsk, Russia
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Russia
| | - Mikhail A. Kulyashov
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Biosoft.Ru, Ltd., Novosibirsk, Russia
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Russia
| | - Ivan S. Yevshin
- Biosoft.Ru, Ltd., Novosibirsk, Russia
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Russia
| | - Michael N. Romanov
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
- L.K. Ernst Federal Research Centre for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, Podolsk, Russia
| | - Elena I. Shagimardanova
- Regulatory Genomics Research Center, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Oleg A. Gusev
- Regulatory Genomics Research Center, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- Life Improvement By Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, Moscow, Russia
- Intractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fedor A. Kolpakov
- Biosoft.Ru, Ltd., Novosibirsk, Russia
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Russia
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Targa G, Mottarlini F, Rizzi B, Taddini S, Parolaro S, Fumagalli F, Caffino L. Anorexia-Induced Hypoleptinemia Drives Adaptations in the JAK2/STAT3 Pathway in the Ventral and Dorsal Hippocampus of Female Rats. Nutrients 2024; 16:1171. [PMID: 38674862 PMCID: PMC11054075 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Leptin is an appetite-regulating adipokine that is reduced in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), a psychiatric disorder characterized by self-imposed starvation, and has been linked to hyperactivity, a hallmark of AN. However, it remains unknown how leptin receptor (LepR) and its JAK2-STAT3 downstream pathway in extrahypothalamic brain areas, such as the dorsal (dHip) and ventral (vHip) hippocampus, crucial for spatial memory and emotion regulation, may contribute to the maintenance of AN behaviors. Taking advantage of the activity-based anorexia (ABA) model (i.e., the combination of food restriction and physical activity), we observed reduced leptin plasma levels in adolescent female ABA rats at the acute phase of the disorder [post-natal day (PND) 42], while the levels increased over control levels following a 7-day recovery period (PND49). The analysis of the intracellular leptin pathway revealed that ABA rats showed an overall decrease of the LepR/JAK2/STAT3 signaling in dHip at both time points, while in vHip we observed a transition from hypo- (PND42) to hyperactivation (PND49) of the pathway. These changes might add knowledge on starvation-induced fluctuations in leptin levels and in hippocampal leptin signaling as initial drivers of the transition from adaptative mechanisms to starvation toward the maintenance of aberrant behaviors typical of AN patients, such as perpetuating restraint over eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Targa
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences ‘Rodolfo Paoletti’, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (G.T.); (F.M.); (B.R.); (S.T.); (S.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Francesca Mottarlini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences ‘Rodolfo Paoletti’, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (G.T.); (F.M.); (B.R.); (S.T.); (S.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Beatrice Rizzi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences ‘Rodolfo Paoletti’, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (G.T.); (F.M.); (B.R.); (S.T.); (S.P.); (F.F.)
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Sofia Taddini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences ‘Rodolfo Paoletti’, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (G.T.); (F.M.); (B.R.); (S.T.); (S.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Susanna Parolaro
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences ‘Rodolfo Paoletti’, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (G.T.); (F.M.); (B.R.); (S.T.); (S.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Fabio Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences ‘Rodolfo Paoletti’, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (G.T.); (F.M.); (B.R.); (S.T.); (S.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Lucia Caffino
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences ‘Rodolfo Paoletti’, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (G.T.); (F.M.); (B.R.); (S.T.); (S.P.); (F.F.)
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3
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Mohebati S, Shakeri M, Ranjbar S, Jalali M, Nouri M, Faghih S. The association of dietary carbohydrate quality and quantity with obesity among Iranian adolescents: a case-control study. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:176. [PMID: 38461264 PMCID: PMC10924309 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent obesity is considered as a major health concern worldwide which is closely linked to the quality of diet. The purpose of the present study was to assess the carbohydrate quality and quantity in relation to odds of overweight and obesity in adolescents. METHODS This case-control study with a 1:1 ratio was conducted on 406 adolescents (14 to 18 years old) matched for age and gender. Participants were selected by multistage cluster random sampling method from March to October 2019 in Shiraz, Iran. Dietary intakes of the study population were assessed by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Also anthropometric indices were measured using standard methods and demographic information was recorded via face to face interview. The relation between low carbohydrate diet score (LCDS) and carbohydrate quality index (CQI), and odds of obesity was evaluated by multiple Logistic regression. RESULTS After adjusting the role of potential confounders, the participants in the third tertiles of LCDS (OR = 0.443, 95% CI = (0.260 to 0.755)) and CQI (OR = 0.005, 95% CI = (0.001 to 0.025)) had less odds of being overweight and obese compared to the first tertile. CONCLUSION The present study found an inverse relationship between dietary quantity and quality of carbohydrate intake and the odds of overweight and obesity in a sample of Iranian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Mohebati
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Shakeri
- Endoocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sara Ranjbar
- Department of Nutritional sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Mohammad Jalali
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Shiva Faghih
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Sasso CV, Lhamyani S, Hevilla F, Padial M, Blanca M, Barril G, Jiménez-Salcedo T, Martínez ES, Nogueira Á, Lago-Sampedro AM, Olveira G. Modulation of miR-29a and miR-29b Expression and Their Target Genes Related to Inflammation and Renal Fibrosis by an Oral Nutritional Supplement with Probiotics in Malnourished Hemodialysis Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1132. [PMID: 38256206 PMCID: PMC10816158 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition is prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially those on hemodialysis. Recently, our group described that a new oral nutritional supplement (ONS), specifically designed for malnourished (or at risk) hemodialysis patients with a "similar to the Mediterranean diet" pattern, improved caloric-protein intake, nutritional status and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidation. Our aim in this study was to evaluate whether the new ONS, associated with probiotics or not, may produce changes in miRNA's expression and its target genes in malnourished hemodialysis patients, compared to individualized diet recommendations. We performed a randomized, multicenter, parallel-group trial in malnourished hemodialysis patients with three groups (1: control (C) individualized diet (n = 11); 2: oral nutritional supplement (ONS) + placebo (ONS-PL) (n = 10); and 3: ONS + probiotics (ONS-PR) (n = 10)); the trial was open regarding the intake of ONS or individualized diet recommendations but double-blinded for the intake of probiotics. MiRNAs and gene expression levels were analyzed by RT-qPCR at baseline and after 3 and 6 months. We observed that the expression of miR-29a and miR-29b increased significantly in patients with ONS-PR at 3 months in comparison with baseline, stabilizing at the sixth month. Moreover, we observed differences between studied groups, where miR-29b expression levels were elevated in patients receiving ONS-PR compared to the control group in the third month. Regarding the gene expression levels, we observed a decrease in the ONS-PR group compared to the control group in the third month for RUNX2 and TNFα. TGFB1 expression was decreased in the ONS-PR group compared to baseline in the third month. PTEN gene expression was significantly elevated in the ONS-PR group at 3 months in comparison with baseline. LEPTIN expression was significantly increased in the ONS-PL group at the 3-month intervention compared to baseline. The new oral nutritional supplement associated with probiotics increases the expression levels of miR-29a and miR-29b after 3 months of intervention, modifying the expression of target genes with anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic actions. This study highlights the potential benefit of this oral nutritional supplement, especially associated with probiotics, in malnourished patients with chronic renal disease on hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Verónica Sasso
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (C.V.S.); (S.L.); (F.H.); (M.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina y Dermatología, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Said Lhamyani
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (C.V.S.); (S.L.); (F.H.); (M.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco Hevilla
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (C.V.S.); (S.L.); (F.H.); (M.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina y Dermatología, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Marina Padial
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (C.V.S.); (S.L.); (F.H.); (M.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina y Dermatología, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - María Blanca
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.); (E.S.M.)
| | - Guillermina Barril
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (G.B.); (Á.N.)
| | | | - Enrique Sanz Martínez
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.); (E.S.M.)
| | - Ángel Nogueira
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (G.B.); (Á.N.)
| | - Ana María Lago-Sampedro
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (C.V.S.); (S.L.); (F.H.); (M.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina y Dermatología, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Gabriel Olveira
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (C.V.S.); (S.L.); (F.H.); (M.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina y Dermatología, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain
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Abstract
Obesity has been recognized to be increasing globally and is designated a disease with adverse consequences requiring early detection and appropriate care. In addition to being related to metabolic syndrome disorders such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, stroke, and premature coronary artery disease. Obesity is also etiologically linked to several cancers. The non-gastrointestinal cancers are breast, uterus, kidneys, ovaries, thyroid, meningioma, and thyroid. Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, and colorectal. The brighter side of the problem is that being overweight and obese and cigarette smoking are mostly preventable causes of cancers. Epidemiology and clinical studies have revealed that obesity is heterogeneous in clinical manifestations. In clinical practice, BMI is calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilograms by the square of the person's height in square meters (kg/m2). A BMI above 30 kg/m2 (defining obesity in many guidelines) is considered obesity. However, obesity is heterogeneous. There are subdivisions for obesity, and not all obesities are equally pathogenic. Adipose tissue, in particular, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), is endocrine and abdominal obesity (a surrogate for VAT) is evaluated by waist-hip measurements or just waist measures. Visceral Obesity, through several hormonal mechanisms, induces a low-grade chronic inflammatory state, insulin resistance, components of metabolic syndrome, and cancers. Metabolically obese, normal-weight (MONW) individuals in several Asian countries may have BMI below normal levels to diagnose obesity but suffer from many obesity-related complications. Conversely, some people have high BMI but are generally healthy with no features of metabolic syndrome. Many clinicians advise weight loss by dieting and exercise to metabolically healthy obese with large body habitus than to individuals with metabolic obesity but normal BMI. The GI cancers (esophagus, pancreas, gallbladder, liver, and colorectal) are individually discussed, emphasizing the incidence, possible pathogenesis, and preventive measures. From 2005 to 2014, most cancers associated with overweight and Obesity increased in the United States, while cancers related to other factors decreased. The standard recommendation is to offer or refer adults with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more to intensive, multicomponent behavioral interventions. However, the clinicians have to go beyond. They should critically evaluate BMI with due consideration for ethnicity, body habitus, and other factors that influence the type of obesity and obesity-related risks. In 2001, the Surgeon General's ``Call to Action to Prevent and Decrease Overweight and Obesity'' identified obesity as a critical public health priority for the United States. At government levels reducing obesity requires policy changes that improve the food and physical activity for all. However, implementing some policies with the most significant potential benefit to public health is politically tricky. The primary care physician, as well as subspecialists, should identify overweight and Obesity based on all the variable factors in the diagnosis. The medical community should address the prevention of overweight and Obesity as an essential part of medical care as much as vaccination in preventing infectious diseases at all levels- from childhood, to adolescence, and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Zou
- Department of Medicine, Saint Peter's University Hospital, 125 Andover DR, Kendall Park, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Capecomorin S Pitchumoni
- Department of Medicine, Saint Peter's University Hospital, 125 Andover DR, Kendall Park, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
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Iosif CI, Bashir ZI, Apps R, Pickford J. Cerebellar Prediction and Feeding Behaviour. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 22:1002-1019. [PMID: 36121552 PMCID: PMC10485105 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-022-01476-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Given the importance of the cerebellum in controlling movements, it might be expected that its main role in eating would be the control of motor elements such as chewing and swallowing. Whilst such functions are clearly important, there is more to eating than these actions, and more to the cerebellum than motor control. This review will present evidence that the cerebellum contributes to homeostatic, motor, rewarding and affective aspects of food consumption.Prediction and feedback underlie many elements of eating, as food consumption is influenced by expectation. For example, circadian clocks cause hunger in anticipation of a meal, and food consumption causes feedback signals which induce satiety. Similarly, the sight and smell of food generate an expectation of what that food will taste like, and its actual taste will generate an internal reward value which will be compared to that expectation. Cerebellar learning is widely thought to involve feed-forward predictions to compare expected outcomes to sensory feedback. We therefore propose that the overarching role of the cerebellum in eating is to respond to prediction errors arising across the homeostatic, motor, cognitive, and affective domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana I Iosif
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
| | - Zafar I Bashir
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Richard Apps
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Jasmine Pickford
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
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Zhao J, Feng Y, Rao Z, Li H, Xu J, Cui S, Lai L. Exercise combined with heat treatment improves insulin resistance in diet-induced obese rats. J Therm Biol 2023; 116:103651. [PMID: 37459707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance is a risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, which seriously threaten human health. Thus, finding a safe, effective and economical strategy to treat insulin resistance is urgently needed. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exercise combined with heat treatment on the insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle of diet-induced obese (DIO) rats. Obese rats were induced by a 10-week high-fat diet and were randomly divided into normal temperature + control (NC), normal temperature + exercise (NE), heat treatment + control (HC) and heat treatment + exercise (HE) groups for 7 weeks of incremental load endurance exercise and heat treatment (exposure to a high-temperature environment room). At the end of the 7-week intervention, we measured fasting blood glucose, serum fasting insulin, serum leptin, serum adiponectin, protein expression of HSF1/HSP27 and JAK2/STAT3 pathway in soleus (primarily composed of slow-twitch fibres) and extensor digitorum longus (primarily composed of fast-twitch fibres) muscles. The results showed that exercise combined with heat treatment can effectively improve insulin resistance by regulating HSF1/HSP27 and JAK2/STAT3 pathways in the slow-twitch muscle of DIO rats. Importantly, exercise combined with heat treatment is more effective in improving insulin resistance in DIO rats than exercise or heat treatment alone. Low-moderate intensity exercise that stimulates slow-twitch muscle, combined with heat treatment is an effective strategy to treat insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexiu Zhao
- Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China.
| | - Yiwei Feng
- Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijian Rao
- Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China; Physical Education College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Li
- Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jincheng Xu
- Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China; Winter Sports Management Center of the General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing, China
| | - Shuqiang Cui
- Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Sports Science, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Lai
- Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China; Nanchang Normal University, Jiangxi, China
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Manzano MA, Strong DR, Rhee KE, Liang J, Boutelle KN. Discordance between assessments of food cue responsiveness: Implications for assessment in youth with overweight/obesity. Appetite 2023; 186:106575. [PMID: 37100119 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Food cue responsiveness (FCR), broadly defined as behavioral, cognitive, emotional and/or physiological responses to external appetitive cues outside of physiological need, contributes to overeating and obesity among youth and adults. A variety of measures purportedly assess this construct, ranging from youth- or parent-report surveys to objective eating tasks. However, little research has assessed their convergence. It is especially important to evaluate this in children with overweight/obesity (OW/OB), as reliable and valid assessments of FCR are essential to better understand the role of this critical mechanism in behavioral interventions. The present study examined the relationship between five measures of FCR in a sample of 111 children with OW/OB (mean age = 10.6, mean BMI percentile = 96.4; 70% female; 68% white; 23% Latinx). Assessments included: objectively measured eating in the absence of hunger (EAH), parasympathetic activity when exposed to food, parent reported food responsiveness subscale from the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ-FR), child self-reported Power of Food total score (C-PFS), and child self-reported Food Cravings Questionnaire total score (FCQ-T). Statistically significant spearman correlations were found between EAH and CEBQ-FR (ρ = 0.19, p < 0.05) and parasympathetic reactivity to food cues with both C-PFS (ρ = -0.32, p = 0.002) and FCQ-T (ρ = -0.34, p < 0.001). No other associations were statistically significant. These relationships remained significant in subsequent linear regression models controlling for child age and gender. The lack of concordance between measures assessing highly conceptually related constructs is of concern. Future studies should seek to elucidate a clear operationalization of FCR, examine the associations between FCR assessments in children and adolescents with a range of weight statuses, and evaluate how to best revise these measures to accurately reflect the latent construct being assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Manzano
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, United States; University of California San Diego, Department of Pediatrics, United States.
| | - David R Strong
- University of California San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, United States
| | - Kyung E Rhee
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pediatrics, United States
| | - June Liang
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pediatrics, United States
| | - Kerri N Boutelle
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pediatrics, United States; University of California San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, United States; University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, United States
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9
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Liu S, Wang X, Zheng Q, Gao L, Sun Q. Sleep Deprivation and Central Appetite Regulation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245196. [PMID: 36558355 PMCID: PMC9783730 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Research shows that reduced sleep duration is related to an increased risk of obesity. The relationship between sleep deprivation and obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other chronic diseases may be related to the imbalance of appetite regulation. To comprehensively illustrate the specific relationship between sleep deprivation and appetite regulation, this review introduces the pathophysiology of sleep deprivation, the research cutting edge of animal models, and the central regulatory mechanism of appetite under sleep deprivation. This paper summarizes the changes in appetite-related hormones orexin, ghrelin, leptin, and insulin secretion caused by long-term sleep deprivation based on the epidemiology data and animal studies that have established sleep deprivation models. Moreover, this review analyzes the potential mechanism of associations between appetite regulation and sleep deprivation, providing more clues on further studies and new strategies to access obesity and metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuailing Liu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xiya Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Lanyue Gao
- Experimental Center for School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-15840312720
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Bantulà M, Tubita V, Roca-Ferrer J, Mullol J, Valero A, Bobolea I, Pascal M, de Hollanda A, Vidal J, Picado C, Arismendi E. Differences in Inflammatory Cytokine Profile in Obesity-Associated Asthma: Effects of Weight Loss. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133782. [PMID: 35807067 PMCID: PMC9267201 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and asthma are associated with systemic inflammation maintained by mediators released by adipose tissue and lung. This study investigated the inflammatory serum mediator profile in obese subjects (O) (n = 35), non-obese asthma (NOA) patients (n = 14), obese asthmatics (OA) (n = 21) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 33). The effect of weight loss after bariatric surgery (BS) was examined in 10 OA and 31 O subjects. We analyzed serum markers including leptin, adiponectin, TGF-β1, TNFR2, MCP-1, ezrin, YKL-40, ST2, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-18. Compared with HC subjects, the O group showed increased levels of leptin, TGF-β1, TNFR2, MCP-1, ezrin, YKL-40, and ST2; the OA group presented increased levels of MCP-1, ezrin, YKL-40, and IL-18, and the NOA group had increased levels of ezrin, YKL-40, IL-5, and IL-18. The higher adiponectin/leptin ratio in NOA with respect to OA subjects was the only significant difference between the two groups. IL-9 was the only cytokine with significantly higher levels in OA with respect to O subjects. TNFR2, ezrin, MCP-1, and IL-18 concentrations significantly decreased in O subjects after BS. O, OA, and NOA showed distinct patterns of systemic inflammation. Leptin and adiponectin are regulated in asthma by obesity-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Combination of asthma and obesity does not result in significant additive effects on circulating cytokine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Bantulà
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.T.); (J.R.-F.); (J.M.); (A.V.); (I.B.); (A.d.H.); (J.V.); (C.P.); (E.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-932275400
| | - Valeria Tubita
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.T.); (J.R.-F.); (J.M.); (A.V.); (I.B.); (A.d.H.); (J.V.); (C.P.); (E.A.)
| | - Jordi Roca-Ferrer
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.T.); (J.R.-F.); (J.M.); (A.V.); (I.B.); (A.d.H.); (J.V.); (C.P.); (E.A.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquim Mullol
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.T.); (J.R.-F.); (J.M.); (A.V.); (I.B.); (A.d.H.); (J.V.); (C.P.); (E.A.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Rhinology Unit & Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Valero
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.T.); (J.R.-F.); (J.M.); (A.V.); (I.B.); (A.d.H.); (J.V.); (C.P.); (E.A.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Pulmonology and Allergy Department, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irina Bobolea
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.T.); (J.R.-F.); (J.M.); (A.V.); (I.B.); (A.d.H.); (J.V.); (C.P.); (E.A.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Pulmonology and Allergy Department, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Pascal
- Immunology Department, CDB, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Ana de Hollanda
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.T.); (J.R.-F.); (J.M.); (A.V.); (I.B.); (A.d.H.); (J.V.); (C.P.); (E.A.)
- Obesity Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Fisopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.T.); (J.R.-F.); (J.M.); (A.V.); (I.B.); (A.d.H.); (J.V.); (C.P.); (E.A.)
- Obesity Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - César Picado
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.T.); (J.R.-F.); (J.M.); (A.V.); (I.B.); (A.d.H.); (J.V.); (C.P.); (E.A.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Pulmonology and Allergy Department, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ebymar Arismendi
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.T.); (J.R.-F.); (J.M.); (A.V.); (I.B.); (A.d.H.); (J.V.); (C.P.); (E.A.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Pulmonology and Allergy Department, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Naser W, Maymand S, Rivera LR, Connor T, Liongue C, Smith CM, Aston-Mourney K, McCulloch DR, McGee SL, Ward AC. Cytokine-inducible SH2 domain containing protein contributes to regulation of adiposity, food intake, and glucose metabolism. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22320. [PMID: 35470501 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101882r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The cytokine-inducible SH2 domain containing protein (CISH) is the founding member of the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family of negative feedback regulators and has been shown to be a physiological regulator of signaling in immune cells. This study sought to investigate novel functions for CISH outside of the immune system. Mice deficient in CISH were generated and analyzed using a range of metabolic and other parameters, including in response to a high fat diet and leptin administration. CISH knockout mice possessed decreased body fat and showed resistance to diet-induced obesity. This was associated with reduced food intake, but unaltered energy expenditure and microbiota composition. CISH ablation resulted in reduced basal expression of the orexigenic Agrp gene in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) region of the brain. Cish was basally expressed in the ARC, with evidence of co-expression with the leptin receptor (Lepr) gene in Agrp-positive neurons. CISH-deficient mice also showed enhanced leptin responsiveness, although Cish expression was not itself modulated by leptin. CISH-deficient mice additionally exhibited improved insulin sensitivity on a high-fat diet, but not glucose tolerance despite reduced body weight. These data identify CISH as an important regulator of homeostasis through impacts on appetite control, mediated at least in part by negative regulation of the anorexigenic effects of leptin, and impacts on glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasan Naser
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Saeed Maymand
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leni R Rivera
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,IMPACT, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Timothy Connor
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Clifford Liongue
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,IMPACT, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Craig M Smith
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,IMPACT, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kathryn Aston-Mourney
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,IMPACT, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel R McCulloch
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,IMPACT, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sean L McGee
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,IMPACT, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alister C Ward
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,IMPACT, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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12
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Allweyer M, Emde M, Bähr I, Spielmann J, Bieramperl P, Naujoks W, Kielstein H. Investigation of Behavior and Plasma Levels of Corticosterone in Restrictive- and Ad Libitum-Fed Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091746. [PMID: 35565711 PMCID: PMC9100467 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice models are commonly used to investigate obesity-related health problems. Until now, only sparse data exist on the influence of DIO on behavior and stress hormones in mice. The present study investigates high-fat DIO with two different feeding regimes on behavioral parameters in mice. Various behavioral tests (open field, elevated plus maze, social interaction, hotplate) were performed with female BALB/c and male C57BL/6 mice after a feeding period of twelve weeks (restrictive vs. ad libitum and normal-fat diet vs. high-fat diet) to investigate levels of anxiety and aggression. BALB/c mice were DIO-resistant and therefore the prerequisite for the behavior analyses was not attained. C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet had a significantly higher body weight and fat mass compared to C57BL/6 mice fed a control diet. Interestingly, the DIO C57BL/6 mice showed no changes in their aggression- or anxiety-related behavior but showed a significant change in the anxiety index. This was probably due to a lower activity level, as other ethological parameters did not show an altered anxiety-related behavior. In the ad libitum-fed DIO group, the highest corticosterone level was detected. Changes due to the feeding regime (restrictive vs. ad libitum) were not observed. These results provide a possible hint to a bias in the investigation of DIO-related health problems in laboratory animal experiments, which may be influenced by the lower activity level.
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13
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Milara J, Ballester B, de Diego A, Calbet M, Ramis I, Miralpeix M, Cortijo J. The pan-JAK inhibitor LAS194046 reduces neutrophil activation from severe asthma and COPD patients in vitro. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5132. [PMID: 35332239 PMCID: PMC8948298 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09241-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-T2 severe asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are airway chronic inflammatory disorders with a poor response to corticosteroids. LAS194046, a novel pan-Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, shows inhibitory effects on T2 allergic lung inflammation in rats. In this work we analyze the effects of LAS194046, fluticasone propionate and their combination in neutrophils from non-T2 severe asthma and COPD patients in vitro. Neutrophils from 23 healthy subjects, 23 COPD and 21 non-T2 severe asthma patients were incubated with LAS194046 (0.01 nM–1 µM), fluticasone propionate (0.1 nM–1 µM) or their combination and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS 1 µM). LAS194046 shows similar maximal % inhibition and potency inhibiting IL-8, MMP-9 and superoxide anion release in neutrophils from healthy, COPD and asthma. Fluticasone propionate suppresses mediator release only in neutrophils from healthy patients. The combination of LAS194046 with fluticasone propionate shows synergistic anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. The mechanisms involved in the synergistic effects of this combination include the increase of MKP1 expression, decrease of PI3Kδ, the induction of glucocorticoid response element and the decrease of ERK1/2, P38 and JAK2/STAT3 phosphorylation compared with monotherapies. In summary, LAS194046 shows anti-inflammatory effects in neutrophils from COPD and severe non-T2 asthma patients and induces synergistic anti-inflammatory effects when combined with fluticasone propionate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Milara
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. .,Pharmacy Unit, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario, Avenida tres cruces s/n, 46014, Valencia, Spain. .,CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Ballester
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alfredo de Diego
- Respiratory Unit, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Julio Cortijo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.,Research and Teaching Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, Valencia, Spain
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14
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TNF-α Antagonizes the Effect of Leptin on Insulin Secretion through FOXO1-Dependent Transcriptional Suppression of LepRb in INS-1 Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9142798. [PMID: 35198097 PMCID: PMC8860543 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9142798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Proinflammatory cytokines play a causal role in the development of hyperinsulinemia and T2MD. FOXO1, a transcription factor which is known to enhance proinflammation, was recently shown to be involved in obesity-induced β cell dysfunction. However, molecular mechanisms for the association remained elusive. In this study, we first found that both leptin (10 nM) and TNF-α (20 ng/ml) significantly inhibited glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) of INS-1E cells. When in combination, the GSIS function of INS-1E cells was significantly increased compared with that of the leptin alone treatment, indicating that TNF-α attenuated the inhibiting effect of leptin on GSIS of INS-1E cells. Similarly, we found that TNF-α has the same inhibitory effect on leptin in regulating insulin synthesis and secretion, and the survival and apoptosis of insulin cells. Further studies showed that TNF-α blocks leptin pathway by reducing the expression of leptin receptor (LepRb, also called OBRb) and inhibiting the activation of STAT3, a key molecule involved in the leptin signaling pathway in INS-1E cells. Besides, the downregulated expression of phosphorylated FOXO1 was found to be involved in the possible mechanism of TNF-α. Overexpression of constitutively active FOXO1 markedly aggravated the LepRb reduction by TNF-α treatment of INS-1E cells, and the endogenous FOXO1 knockdown abolished the effect of TNF-α on INS-1E cells. Furthermore, we have proved that FOXO1 could directly bind to the promoter of LepRb as a negative transcription regulator. Taken together, the results of this study reveal that TNF-α-induced LepRb downregulated in pancreatic β cells and demonstrate that transcriptional reduction of FOXO1 might be the primary mechanism underlying TNF-α promoting INS-1E leptin resistance and β cell dysfunction. Conclusions. Our current studies based on INS-1E cells in vitro indicate that the inflammatory factor TNF-α plays an important role in the development of INS-1E leptin resistance and glucose metabolism disorders, probably through FOXO1-induced transcription reduction of LepRb promoter in pancreatic β cells, and FOXO1 may be a novel target for treating β cell dysfunction in obesity-induced hyperinsulinemia and T2DM.
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15
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Imoto Y, Ueki S, Kato Y, Yoshida K, Morikawa T, Kimura Y, Kidoguchi M, Tsutsumiuchi T, Koyama K, Adachi N, Ito Y, Ogi K, Sakashita M, Yamada T, Schleimer RP, Takabayashi T, Fujieda S. Elevated Serum Leptin Levels in Patients With Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:793607. [PMID: 35046816 PMCID: PMC8762296 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.793607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Eosinophilic chronic sinusitis (ECRS) is a subtype of CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) that is frequently comorbid with asthma. Notably, ECRS patients often show a high recurrence of NPs after surgical resection. Leptin is a hormone produced by adipocytes that has been implicated in airway inflammatory diseases. However, to date, the role of leptin in ECRS has not been investigated. Objective: To determine whether the serum levels of leptin are altered in patients with ECRS. Methods: In total, 40 patients with ECRS, 15 patients with non-eosinophilic CRS (non-ECRS), and 12 individuals without CRS (control) were included in this study. Patient's serum leptin levels were assessed, and the number of eosinophils in their NPs were measured through a histological evaluation of the three densest areas with cellular infiltrate beneath the epithelial surface. Finally, nasal fibroblast cultures established from NPs were stimulated with varying concentrations of recombinant leptin in vitro to determine whether leptin affects eotaxin-3 (Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 26 :26: CCL26) expression. Results: The serum leptin levels in both the ECRS and non-ECRS groups were significantly higher than those in the control subjects (p < 0.0001 vs. ECRS; p < 0.05 vs. non-ECRS). Furthermore, ECRS patients displayed significantly elevated serum leptin levels compared to non-ECRS patients (p < 0.001), although there was no difference in body mass index between the groups. Notably, serum leptin levels were correlated with the proportion of eosinophils in peripheral blood (r = 0.3575, p < 0.01) and the number of eosinophils in NPs (r = 0.5109, p < 0.0001). Serum leptin levels were also correlated with eotaxin-3 mRNA expression in NPs (r = 0.5374, p < 0.01). Finally, leptin significantly augmented eotaxin-3 expression in nasal fibroblasts established in vitro from NPs in a leptin receptor-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Leptin levels are elevated in ECRS patients and may both promote and indicate the severity of ECRS as well as systemic type 2-biased inflammatory responses. Combined, these data indicate that circulating leptin may play a significant role in the development of eosinophilic inflammation in NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Imoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yukinori Kato
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kanako Yoshida
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Taiyo Morikawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Kimura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Masanori Kidoguchi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Toshiki Tsutsumiuchi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Keisuke Koyama
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Naoto Adachi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Yumi Ito
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ogi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Masafumi Sakashita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Takechiyo Yamada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Robert P. Schleimer
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Tetsuji Takabayashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Fujieda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
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16
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Babaei P, Hoseini R. Exercise training modulates adipokines dysregulations in metabolic syndrome. SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 4:18-28. [PMID: 35782776 PMCID: PMC9219261 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors for various metabolic diseases, and it is characterized by central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance. The core component for MetS is adipose tissue, which releases adipokines and influences physical health. Adipokines consist of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and contribute to various physiological functions. Generally, a sedentary lifestyle promotes fat accumulation and secretion of pro-inflammatory adipokines. However, regular exercise has been known to exert various beneficial effects on metabolic and cognitive disorders. Although the mechanisms underlying exercise beneficial effects in MetS are not fully understood, changes in energy expenditure, fat accumulation, circulatory level of myokines, and adipokines might be involved. This review article focuses on some of the selected adipokines in MetS, and their responses to exercise training considering possible mechanisms. Adipokines are a potential link between visceral fats and complications of MetS. Physical inactivity increases pro-inflammatory adipokines. Moderate aerobic exercise increases anti-inflammatory adipokines partly via reducing adipose tissue mass. Physical exercise-induced myokines might mediate beneficial effects via a cross-talk with adipose tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Babaei
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Corresponding author. Cellular & Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Rastegar Hoseini
- Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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17
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Colbran LL, Johnson MR, Mathieson I, Capra JA. Tracing the Evolution of Human Gene Regulation and Its Association with Shifts in Environment. Genome Biol Evol 2021; 13:evab237. [PMID: 34718543 PMCID: PMC8576593 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evab237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As humans populated the world, they adapted to many varying environmental factors, including climate, diet, and pathogens. Because many of these adaptations were mediated by multiple noncoding variants with small effects on gene regulation, it has been difficult to link genomic signals of selection to specific genes, and to describe the regulatory response to selection. To overcome this challenge, we adapted PrediXcan, a machine learning method for imputing gene regulation from genotype data, to analyze low-coverage ancient human DNA (aDNA). First, we used simulated genomes to benchmark strategies for adapting PrediXcan to increase robustness to incomplete data. Applying the resulting models to 490 ancient Eurasians, we found that genes with the strongest divergent regulation among ancient populations with hunter-gatherer, pastoralist, and agricultural lifestyles are enriched for metabolic and immune functions. Next, we explored the contribution of divergent gene regulation to two traits with strong evidence of recent adaptation: dietary metabolism and skin pigmentation. We found enrichment for divergent regulation among genes proposed to be involved in diet-related local adaptation, and the predicted effects on regulation often suggest explanations for known signals of selection, for example, at FADS1, GPX1, and LEPR. In contrast, skin pigmentation genes show little regulatory change over a 38,000-year time series of 2,999 ancient Europeans, suggesting that adaptation mainly involved large-effect coding variants. This work demonstrates that combining aDNA with present-day genomes is informative about the biological differences among ancient populations, the role of gene regulation in adaptation, and the relationship between genetic diversity and complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Colbran
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maya R Johnson
- School for Science and Math at Vanderbilt, Vanderbilt University, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Bryn Mawr College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Iain Mathieson
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John A Capra
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, USA
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18
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Lee YS, Park EJ, Kim SM, Kim JY, Lee HJ. Anti-Sarcopenic Obesity Effects of Lonicera caerulea Extract in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101633. [PMID: 34679767 PMCID: PMC8533146 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenic obesity is a combination of sarcopenia and obesity. Although several herbal extracts showed improvement on sarcopenia and obesity, respectively, there are few studies on sarcopenic obesity. Lonicera caerulea (honeysuckle berry, HB) can ameliorate metabolic disorders including obesity. However, its effects on sarcopenic obesity have not been reported yet. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether HB extract might have any beneficial effects on sarcopenic obesity in high-fat diet-induced mice. Forty-eight mice were classified into six groups and treated for eight weeks: (1) NC, normal diet control; (2) HC, high-fat diet control; (3) PC, high-fat diet with orlistat; (4) HB100, high-fat diet with HB extract at 100 mg/kg; (5) HB200, high-fat diet with HB extract at 200 mg/kg; and (6) HB400, high-fat diet with HB extract at 400 mg/kg. Body weight, fat accumulation, muscle mass, muscle strength, and mRNA expression of muscle atrophy were monitored. Compared with the HC group, HB administration showed anti-obesity properties. It reduced body weight gain and modulated serum biochemical parameters and tissue antioxidant enzymes. HB also increased muscle strength and muscle mass of hind legs. In addition, it decreased mRNA expression levels of Atrogin1 and MuRF1 as markers of muscle atrophy but increased PGC1α and SIRT1 as markers of muscle growth. These results suggest that HB might be effective in preventing sarcopenia associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Suk Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (Y.-S.L.); (E.-J.P.)
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (Y.-S.L.); (E.-J.P.)
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Sung-Min Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (S.-M.K.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Jong-Yeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (S.-M.K.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (Y.-S.L.); (E.-J.P.)
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-750-5968
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Corzo‐Ríos LJ, Garduño‐Siciliano L, Sánchez‐Chino XM, Martínez‐Herrera J, Cardador‐Martínez A, Jiménez‐Martínez C. Effect of the consumption of amaranth seeds and their sprouts on alterations of lipids and glucose metabolism in mice. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Jorge Corzo‐Ríos
- Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología Instituto Politécnico Nacional Av. Acueducto s/n, Col. La laguna Ticomán Mexico City Mexico
| | - Leticia Garduño‐Siciliano
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Instituto Politécnico Nacional Av. Wilfrido Massieu, Esq Manuel Stampa, Gustavo A. Madero Mexico City Mexico
| | - Xariss M. Sánchez‐Chino
- Cátedra‐CONACyT Departamento de Salud El Colegio de la Frontera Sur‐Villahermosa Tabasco Mexico
| | - Jorge Martínez‐Herrera
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias Campo Experimental Huimanguillo Km. 1. Carr. Huimanguillo‐Cárdenas Tabasco Mexico
| | - Anaberta Cardador‐Martínez
- Departamento de Bioingenierías Tecnologico de Monterrey Av. Epigmenio González No. 500, 15 Fraccionamiento San Pablo Querétaro76130Mexico
| | - Cristian Jiménez‐Martínez
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Instituto Politécnico Nacional Av. Wilfrido Massieu, Esq Manuel Stampa, Gustavo A. Madero Mexico City Mexico
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20
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Regeneration during Obesity: An Impaired Homeostasis. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10122344. [PMID: 33317011 PMCID: PMC7763812 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Regeneration represents the biological processes that allow cells and tissues to renew and develop. During obesity, a variety of changes and reactions are seen. This includes inflammation and metabolic disorders. These obesity-induced changes do impact the regeneration processes. Such impacts that obesity has on regeneration would affect tissues and organs development and would also have consequences on the outcomes of therapies that depend on cells regeneration (such as burns, radiotherapy and leukemia) given to patients suffering from obesity. Therefore, a particular attention should be given to patients suffering from obesity in biological, therapeutic and clinical contexts that depend on regeneration ability. Abstract Obesity is a health problem that, in addition to the known morbidities, induces the generation of a biological environment with negative impacts on regeneration. Indeed, factors like DNA damages, oxidative stress and inflammation would impair the stem cell functions, in addition to some metabolic and development patterns. At the cellular and tissulaire levels, this has consequences on growth, renewal and restoration which results into an impaired regeneration. This impaired homeostasis concerns also key metabolic tissues including muscles and liver which would worsen the energy balance outcome towards further development of obesity. Such impacts of obesity on regeneration shows the need of a specific care given to obese patients recovering from diseases or conditions requiring regeneration such as burns, radiotherapy and leukemia. On the other hand, since stem cells are suggested to manage obesity, this impaired regeneration homeostasis needs to be considered towards more optimized stem cells-based obesity therapies within the context of precision medicine.
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Tapia-Martínez J, Cano-Europa E, Blas-Valdivia V, Franco-Colín M. Thyroxine Treatment During the Perinatal Stage Prevents the Alterations in the ObRb-STAT3 Leptin Signaling Pathway Caused by Congenital Hypothyroidism. Horm Metab Res 2020; 52:815-821. [PMID: 32559769 DOI: 10.1055/a-1160-9833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone deficiency during crucial stages of development causes congenital hypothyroidism. This syndrome alters hypothalamic pathways involved in long-term bodyweight regulation as ObRb-STAT3 leptin signaling pathway, which is associated with metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to determine if thyroxine treatment during pregnancy and lactation in hypothyroid mothers avoids, in the congenital hypothyroid offspring, the alterations in metabolic programming related to metabolic syndrome and the ObRb-STAT3 leptin signaling pathway in hypothalamus. Twenty-four virgin female Wistar rats were divided into euthyroid, hypothyroid, and hypothyroid with thyroxine treatment (20 μg/kg/day T4 since pregnancy until lactation). The bodyweight and energy intake, insulin resistance, glucose tolerance, metabolic and hormonal parameters were determined in offspring at 28 weeks after birth. Then, the rats were euthanized to obtain adipose tissue reserves and hypothalamus to measure the expression of ObRb, STAT3, pSTAT3, and SOCS3. Congenital hypothyroidism presented metabolic syndrome such as insulin resistance, glucose tolerance, dyslipidemias, an increase in cardiovascular risk (Castelli I males:166.67%, females: 173.56%; Castelli II males: 375.51%, females: 546.67%), and hypothalamic leptin resistance (SOCS3, Males: 10.96%, females: 25.85%). Meanwhile, the thyroxine treatment in the mothers during pregnancy and lactation prevents the metabolic disturbance. In conclusion, thyroxine treatment during the critical perinatal stage for metabolic programming prevents congenital hypothyroidism-caused metabolic syndrome and hypothalamic leptin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Tapia-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo 1, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Edgar Cano-Europa
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo 1, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Vanessa Blas-Valdivia
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
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Sun Q, Liu Y, Wei W, Wu D, Lin R, Wen D, Jia L. Chronic Timed Sleep Restriction Attenuates LepRb-Mediated Signaling Pathways and Circadian Clock Gene Expression in the Rat Hypothalamus. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:909. [PMID: 33013300 PMCID: PMC7507490 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The sleep duration of adolescents has continued to decline over the past 20 years. Sleep insufficiency is one of the most important risk factors for obesity, but the mechanisms underlying the association are unclear. Therefore, the hypothalamic-regulated mechanisms of appetite and the circadian clock gene expression were examined in sleep-restricted rats. Rats aged 7 weeks were randomly divided into two groups: the control group and sleep restriction group (7 rats/group) rats were sleep-restricted for 4 weeks. Body weight gain and amount of food/water consumption were quantified. The expression of genes or proteins which regulated appetite and energy metabolism via leptin receptor signaling and the circadian clock in the hypothalamus were assessed. Chronic sleep restriction induced increased food intake and weight gain in adolescent and young adult rats from the second week of initiation of sleep restriction. Phosphorylation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was decreased, although levels of circulating leptin or leptin receptor expression were unaltered. Furthermore, insulin receptor substrate (IRS)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR and forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) signaling pathways were also compromised. Moreover, core circadian clock genes were also decreased in the sleep restriction group compared with the control. Chronic timed sleep restriction induced hyperphagic behaviors, attenuated leptin receptor-mediated signaling pathways, and depleted the expression of circadian clock gene in the hypothalamus of adolescent and young adult rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Health Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ren Lin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Deliang Wen
- Institute of Health Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lihong Jia
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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He J, Chu Y. Small-molecule GLP-1 secretagogs: challenges and recent advances. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:S1359-6446(20)30308-1. [PMID: 32835725 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a potent anti-hyperglycemic hormone that is an alternative treatment choice for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The glucose-dependent mechanism of GLP-1 is particularly important because it does not stimulate insulin secretion and cause hypoglycemia when plasma glucose concentrations are in the normal fasting range. Although several peptide drugs of GLP-1 analogs are clinically available, research on the small molecules that stimulate GLP-1 secretion is still struggling. In this review, we summarize recent updates in the discovery of small-molecule GLP-1 secretagogs targeting the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family. We also discuss the challenges and strategies for the study and describe the latest developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie He
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yong Chu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Almabhouh FA, Md Mokhtar AH, Malik IA, Aziz NAAA, Durairajanayagam D, Singh HJ. Leptin and reproductive dysfunction in obese men. Andrologia 2019; 52:e13433. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ifrah Alam Malik
- Faculty of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh Malaysia
| | | | | | - Harbindar Jeet Singh
- Faculty of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh Malaysia
- I‐PerFForm Faculty of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh Malaysia
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25
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Juárez-Cruz JC, Zuñiga-Eulogio MD, Olea-Flores M, Castañeda-Saucedo E, Mendoza-Catalán MÁ, Ortuño-Pineda C, Moreno-Godínez ME, Villegas-Comonfort S, Padilla-Benavides T, Navarro-Tito N. Leptin induces cell migration and invasion in a FAK-Src-dependent manner in breast cancer cells. Endocr Connect 2019; 8:1539-1552. [PMID: 31671408 PMCID: PMC6893313 DOI: 10.1530/ec-19-0442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common invasive neoplasia, and the second leading cause of the cancer deaths in women worldwide. Mammary tumorigenesis is severely linked to obesity, one potential connection is leptin. Leptin is a hormone secreted by adipocytes, which contributes to the progression of breast cancer. Cell migration, metalloproteases secretion, and invasion are cellular processes associated with various stages of metastasis. These processes are regulated by the kinases FAK and Src. In this study, we utilized the breast cancer cell lines MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 to determine the effect of leptin on FAK and Src kinases activation, cell migration, metalloprotease secretion, and invasion. We found that leptin activates FAK and Src and induces the localization of FAK to the focal adhesions. Interestingly, leptin promotes the activation of FAK through a Src- and STAT3-dependent canonical pathway. Specific inhibitors of FAK, Src and STAT3 showed that the effect exerted by leptin in cell migration in breast cancer cells is dependent on these proteins. Moreover, we established that leptin promotes the secretion of the extracellular matrix remodelers, MMP-2 and MMP-9 and invasion in a FAK and Src-dependent manner. Our findings strongly suggest that leptin promotes the development of a more aggressive invasive phenotype in mammary cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Monserrat Olea-Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Guerrero, México
| | | | | | - Carlos Ortuño-Pineda
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Guerrero, México
| | | | | | - Teresita Padilla-Benavides
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Napoleón Navarro-Tito
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Guerrero, México
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