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Arafa ESA, Refaey MS, Abd El-Ghafar OAM, Hassanein EHM, Sayed AM. The promising therapeutic potentials of ginsenosides mediated through p38 MAPK signaling inhibition. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08354. [PMID: 34825082 PMCID: PMC8605069 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK) is a 38kD polypeptide recognized as the target for many potential anti-inflammatory agents. Accumulating evidence indicates that p38 MAPK could perform many roles in human disease pathophysiology. Therefore, great therapeutic benefits can be attained from p38 MAPK inhibitors. Ginseng is an exceptionally valued medicinal plant of the family Araliaceae (Panax genus). Recently, several studies targeted the therapeutic effects of purified individual ginsenoside, the most significant active ingredient of ginseng, and studied its particular molecular mechanism(s) of action rather than whole-plant extracts. Interestingly, several ginsenosides: ginsenosides compound K, F1, Rb1, Rb3, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2, Rg3, Rg5, Rh1, Rh2, Ro, notoginsenoside R1, and protopanaxadiol have shown to possess great therapeutic potentials mediated by their ability to downregulate p38 MAPK signaling in different cell lines and experimental animal models. Our review compiles the research findings of various ginsenosides as potent anti-inflammatory agents, highlighting the crucial role of p38 MAPK suppression in their pharmacological actions. In addition, in silico studies were conducted to explore the probable binding of these ginsenosides to p38 MAPK. The results obtained proposed p38 MAPK involvement in the beneficial pharmacological activities of ginsenosides in different ailments. p38 MAPK plays many roles in human disease pathophysiology. Therefore, great therapeutic benefits can be attained from p38 MAPK inhibitors. Several ginsenosides showed to possess great therapeutic potentials mediated by its ability to downregulate p38 MAPK signaling. in silico studies were conducted to explore the binding of these ginsenosides to p38 MAPK and evidenced the promising their inhibitory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Shaimaa A Arafa
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.,Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Refaey
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menoufiya, 32958, Egypt
| | - Omnia A M Abd El-Ghafar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Yang L, Sun X, Ye Y, Lu Y, Zuo J, Liu W, Elcock A, Zhu S. p38α Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Is a Druggable Target in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1294. [PMID: 31828036 PMCID: PMC6890821 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases are signaling molecules with major involvement in cancer. A detailed mechanistic understanding of how p38 MAPK family members function is urgently warranted for cancer targeted therapy. The conformational dynamics of the most common member of p38 MAPK family, p38α, are crucial for its function but poorly understood. Here we found that, unlike in other cancer types, p38α is significantly activated in pancreatic adenocarcinoma samples, suggesting its potential for anti-pancreatic cancer therapy. Using a state of the art supercomputer, Anton, long-timescale (39 μs) unbiased molecular dynamics simulations of p38α show that apo p38α has high structural flexibility in six regions, and reveal potential catalysis mechanism involving a “butterfly” motion. Moreover, in vitro studies show the low-selectivity of the current p38α inhibitors in both human and mouse pancreatic cancer cell lines, while computational solvent mapping identified 17 novel pockets for drug design. Taken together, our study reveals the conformational dynamics and potentially druggable pockets of p38α, which may potentiate p38α-targeting drug development and benefit pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoting Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Ye
- Department of Oral Implantology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongtian Lu
- Department of ENT, Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ji Zuo
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Adrian Elcock
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Shun Zhu
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Guo JL, Tang T, Li JH, Yang YH, Zhang L, Quan Y. LncRNA HEIH Enhances Paclitaxel-Tolerance of Endometrial Cancer Cells via Activation of MAPK Signaling Pathway. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 26:1757-1766. [PMID: 31650338 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00718-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the function of lncRNA HEIH on promoting endometrial cancer cells' tolerance of paclitaxel (PTX). LncRNA HEIH expression was measured by QRT-PCR in endometrial cancer tissues, human healthy tissues and cell lines. The PTX-resistant endometrial cancer cells (Ishikawa-RE and HHUA-RE) were intermittently exposed to increase concentrations of PTX and were constructed as evidenced by MTT assay. Besides, the specific siRNA of HEIH (siHEIH) and pcDNA3.1-HEIH plasmid transfection were utilized to alter the expression of HEIH in the cells and investigate the effects of HEIH on resistance to PTX in endometrial cancer cells. Moreover, MTT, colony formation and apoptosis analysis were taken advantage to evaluate cell viability and proliferation when treated with PTX. Then, differential genes in PTX-resistant and HEIH-knock-down PTX-resistant endometrial cancer cells were screened out by microarray analysis. Finally, gene-set enrichment analysis was used to predict the promising signaling pathway of HEIH and western blotting analysis were performed to verify the relevant genes expression of MAPK signaling pathway. LncRNA HEIH, the dysregulation of which involved in production of drug-resistance, was overexpressed in PTX-resistant endometrial cancer cells. Up-regulating HEIH would activate MAPK pathway, promote chemo-resistance of endometrial cancer cells and enhance cell proliferation and viability, whereas silencing HEIH depressed the MAPK signaling pathway, contributed to restoring chemo-sensitivity to PTX and repressed cell physiological process. Down-regulating lncRNA HEIH expression reversed the PTX-resistance of endometrial cancer cells through MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Liang Guo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, No.20 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu City, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Tang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, No.20 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu City, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Hong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, No.20 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu City, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Hong Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, No.20 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu City, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, No.20 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu City, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Quan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, No.20 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu City, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Yan Z, Liu G, Liang M, Xu Y. Ophiopogonin D inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of human laryngocarcinoma through downregulation of cyclin B1 and MMP-9 and upregulation of p38-MAPK signaling. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:1877-1882. [PMID: 30675250 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological actions of Ophiopogonin D include resistance to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, anti-aging effects, improvement in learning deficit and dysmnesia, anti-tumor, anti-radiation and anti-inflammatory effects, immunoregulation, and the relief of cough and hepatopulmonary pathological lesions. However, the efficacy of Ophiopogonin D on human laryngocarcinoma remains to be elucidated. The present study therefore investigated whether the anti-cancer effect of Ophiopogonin D inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of human laryngocarcinoma. In the present study, it was found that Ophiopogonin D inhibited cell proliferation, promoted cytotoxicity, induced apoptosis and increased caspase-3/9 activity in human laryngocarcinoma cells. Ophiopogonin D significantly suppressed cyclin B1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) protein expression, and upregulated p-p38 MAPK protein expression in human laryngocarcinoma cells. Together, these results suggest Ophiopogonin D inhibits cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in human laryngocarcinoma cells through downregulation of cyclin B1 and MMP-9 and upregulation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Therefore, Ophiopogonin D may be a potential therapy for the treatment of human laryngocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Beijing Military General Hospital, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Guang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Military General Hospital, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Min Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Beijing Military General Hospital, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Yanjun Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Beijing Military General Hospital, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
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Li J, Kaoud TS, LeVieux J, Gilbreath B, Moharana S, Dalby KN, Kerwin SM. A fluorescence-based assay for p38α recruitment site binders: identification of rooperol as a novel p38α kinase inhibitor. Chembiochem 2013; 14:66-71. [PMID: 23225637 PMCID: PMC3775607 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201200529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A new p38α inhibitor: Using a D-recruitment site (DRS) probe for p38α which exploits covalent interaction with Cys119 and alkyne-azide "click" chemistry to identify small molecules that recognize the p38α DRS, the anti-inflammatory natural product rooperol was identified as a novel p38α inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamer S. Kaoud
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas, 107 W. Dean Keaton, Austin, TX 78712 (USA), Fax: (+) 1-512-232-2606
| | - Jake LeVieux
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas, 107 W. Dean Keaton, Austin, TX 78712 (USA), Fax: (+) 1-512-232-2606
| | - Brad Gilbreath
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas, 107 W. Dean Keaton, Austin, TX 78712 (USA), Fax: (+) 1-512-232-2606
| | - Swapna Moharana
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas, 107 W. Dean Keaton, Austin, TX 78712 (USA), Fax: (+) 1-512-232-2606
| | - Kevin N. Dalby
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas, 107 W. Dean Keaton, Austin, TX 78712 (USA), Fax: (+) 1-512-232-2606
| | - Sean M. Kerwin
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas, 107 W. Dean Keaton, Austin, TX 78712 (USA), Fax: (+) 1-512-232-2606
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The many faces of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in progenitor/stem cell differentiation. Biochem J 2012; 445:1-10. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20120401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of stem cells is essential for development and adult tissue homoeostasis. The proper control of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation maintains organ physiology, and disruption of such a balance results in disease. There are many mechanisms that have been established as stem cell regulators, such as Wnt or Notch signals. However, the intracellular mechanisms that mediate and integrate these signals are not well understood. A new intracellular pathway that has been reported to be involved in the regulation of many stem cell types is that of p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase). In particular, p38α is essential for the proper differentiation of many haematopoietic, mesenchymal and epithelial stem/progenitor cells. Many reports have shown that disruption of this kinase pathway has pathological consequences in many organs. Understanding the extracellular cues and downstream targets of p38α in stem cell regulation may help to tackle some of the pathologies associated with improper differentiation and regulation of stem cell function. In the present review we present a vision of the current knowledge on the roles of the p38α signal as a regulator of stem/progenitor cells in different tissues in physiology and disease.
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Lack of the T cell-specific alternative p38 activation pathway reduces autoimmunity and inflammation. Blood 2011; 118:3280-9. [PMID: 21715315 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-01-333039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimulation via the T-cell receptor (TCR) activates p38α and p38β by phosphorylation of p38 Tyr-323 (p38(Y323)). Here we characterize knockin mice in which p38α and/or β Tyr-323 has been replaced with Phe. We find that p38α accounts for two-thirds and p38β the remainder of TCR-induced p38 activation. T cells from double knockin mice (p38αβ(Y323F)) had defects in TCR-mediated proliferation and Th1 and Th17 skewing, the former corresponding with an inability to sustain T-bet expression. Introduction of p38α(Y323F) into Gadd45α-deficient mice, in which the alternative p38 pathway is constitutively active, reversed T-cell hyperproliferation and autoimmunity. Furthermore, p38αβ(Y323F) mice had delayed onset and reduced severity of the inflammatory autoimmune diseases collagen-induced arthritis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Thus, T cell-specific alternative activation of p38 is an important pathway in T-cell proliferation, Th skewing, and inflammatory autoimmunity, and may be an attractive tissue-specific target for intervention in these processes.
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Marber MS, Molkentin JD, Force T. Developing small molecules to inhibit kinases unkind to the heart: p38 MAPK as a case in point. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 7:e123-e127. [PMID: 21278838 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddmec.2010.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 40 years targeting G protein-coupled receptors and their ligands has had a major impact on the treatment of cardiovascular disease. However, the last decade has seen little progress and focus has shifted, particularly in the field of cancer biology, to downstream kinases. This review focuses on the kinases within the heart that become active during myocardial infarction and heart failure and contribute to cardiac dysfunction, with a special emphasis on p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Marber
- Professor of Cardiology, King's Health Partners, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, London, SE1 7EH, UK
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Coulthard LR, White DE, Jones DL, McDermott MF, Burchill SA. p38(MAPK): stress responses from molecular mechanisms to therapeutics. Trends Mol Med 2009; 15:369-79. [PMID: 19665431 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2009.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 452] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2009] [Revised: 06/11/2009] [Accepted: 06/11/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The p38(MAPK) protein kinases affect a variety of intracellular responses, with well-recognized roles in inflammation, cell-cycle regulation, cell death, development, differentiation, senescence and tumorigenesis. In this review, we examine the regulatory and effector components of this pathway, focusing on their emerging roles in biological processes involved in different pathologies. We summarize how this pathway has been exploited for the development of therapeutics and discuss the potential obstacles of targeting this promiscuous protein kinase pathway for the treatment of different diseases. Furthermore, we discuss how the p38(MAPK) pathway might be best exploited for the development of more effective therapeutics with minimal side effects in a range of specific disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia R Coulthard
- NIHR - Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
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In vitro to in vivo concordance of a high throughput assay of bone marrow toxicity across a diverse set of drug candidates. Toxicol Lett 2009; 188:98-103. [PMID: 19446241 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2009] [Revised: 02/27/2009] [Accepted: 03/13/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The development of predictive toxicology assays is necessary to optimize the drug candidate selection process. The colony forming assay (CFA) is used routinely to assess bone marrow toxicity and represents a viable tool for the discovery toxicologist, but the assay is not widely accepted as a standard screening tool due to technical challenges. A higher throughput and standardized version of the assay recently was developed such that the proliferative capacity of a cell lineage is measured indirectly via ATP levels, replacing the cumbersome identification and enumeration of specific colonies. In this study, a high-throughput assay of bone marrow toxicity prediction using the granulocyte, erythrocyte, monocyte, and macrophage (GEMM) progenitor cell lineage was evaluated using a training set of 56 structurally diverse compounds with known in vivo bone marrow effects. In general, compounds identified as toxic in vivo had lower IC(50) values, whereas those identified as non-toxic had higher IC(50) values. Concordance (i.e., predictive accuracy) to in vivo bone marrow toxicity results was 82% when an in vitro toxicity threshold of 20 microM was used. Additional experiments in other hematopoietic lineages were conducted to determine if predictivity of several false positive and negative compounds in the GEMM lineage could be improved; however an increase in sensitivity or specificity was not observed. The high-throughput GEMM assay has good concordance to in vivo bone marrow toxicity results and, with the high-throughput and standardized format, can be incorporated readily into the pharmaceutical toxicological screening paradigm, aiding in the early identification of compounds that eventually may fail due to bone marrow toxicity.
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Current awareness: Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pds.1646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Daher IN, Yeh ETH. Vascular complications of selected cancer therapies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 5:797-805. [PMID: 18852710 DOI: 10.1038/ncpcardio1375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Accepted: 09/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, therapies for several previously untreatable types of cancer have emerged or have improved; thus, more focus has been given to long-term complications of cancer therapy. The most commonly known cardiac toxicities of cancer therapy are cardiac dysfunction or congestive heart failure. Vascular complications--such as ischemia, myocardial infarction, venous or arterial thrombosis, and newly developed or worsened hypertension--are also relatively common following cancer treatment, particularly in patients with advanced-stage cancer. Experimental studies have suggested a number of potential mechanisms that might account for vascular complications of cancer therapies, which include dysfunction or damage of endothelial cells, increased platelet aggregation, and modulation of nitric oxide levels. This Review describes the vascular complications of treatment with 5-fluorouracil, bevacizumab, and several new tyrosine kinase inhibitors, with special emphasis on thrombotic complications and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyad N Daher
- Department of Cardiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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