1
|
Cancer Burden in China during 1990–2019: Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3918045. [PMID: 35463971 PMCID: PMC9023157 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3918045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the risk factors, trends, and burden of cancer in China from 1990 to 2019 from the Global Burden of Diseases. The incidence, mortality, and DALY of all cancers in China for the past 30 years were analyzed. In 2019, the age-standardized rates (ASRs) of cancer incidence, mortality, and DALY in China were 232.42/100 000, 136.72/100 000, and 3288.22/100 000, respectively. The five cancers with the highest age-standardized incidence rates were lung, stomach, colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers. From 1990 to 2019, the number of new cancer cases, deaths, and DALY increased by 168.78%, 86.89%, and 51.20%, respectively. The ASR increased by 22.21% for incidence and decreased by 19.01% and 27.19% for mortality and DALY, respectively, and their corresponding average annual percent change values were 0.71, -0.80, and -1.26, respectively. The main risk factors for cancer in China were smoking, air pollution, dietary factors, and alcohol use. From 1990 to 2019, the cancer incidence rate was on the rise, and cancer mortality and DALY rates were declining; however, these characteristics vary by cancer site. Therefore, current prevention strategies should be reoriented, and specific strategies for cancers in different sites should be established to prevent the increase in cancer cases.
Collapse
|
2
|
Yu TC, Yu SC, Wang RC, Lai SF, Teng CLJ, Lin JW, Lin WL, Huang TC. Investigating early progression of Hodgkin lymphoma in a two-center analysis. J Formos Med Assoc 2022; 121:1215-1222. [PMID: 35022156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The early progression of disease (POD) of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) leads to a poor prognosis. To identify risk factors for early POD, this retrospective two-center cohort analysis was conducted. METHODS Medical records of HL patients between 1998 and 2020 from two referral centers were reviewed. RESULTS Two-hundred and sixty-nine patients were analyzed. The distribution of early vs. advanced stages was 51.1 vs. 48.9%, respectively. The 5-year progression free survival (PFS) was 63%, and the overall survival (OS) was 87% with a median follow-up of 52.0 months. The complete remission (CR) rate was 85.7%. Disease progression or relapsed disease occurred in 33.9% (n = 85) of patients while 17.0% of this cohort had early POD within 12 months of induction therapy. Patients with early POD had a worse median OS than those without (p < 0.001). Failure to achieve post-induction CR and high international prognostic score (IPS, 3-7) were independent risk factors for early POD. Compared with chemotherapy alone, consolidative radiotherapy after induction chemotherapy was associated with a lower risk of early POD (21.3% vs. 6.2%, p = 0.006). CONCLUSION High IPS was an independent risk factor for early POD, which was less observed in those with consolidative radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Chuan Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Chi Yu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Ching Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, HungKuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Fan Lai
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Lin Jerry Teng
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Wei Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chiayi Branch, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ling Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Chung Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hewamana S, Kandabadage L, Skandarajah T, Peiris N, Abeyaratne S, Arseculeratne G, Perera E, Harischandra M, Wijewickrama A, Somasundaram G, Srinivasan V, Somiah S, Jayawardena P, Wadanamby R, Galagoda G, Jayasinghe C, De Silva C, Munasinghe S, Wijesiriwardena B, Balawardena J. Applicability of protocols from high-income countries in a resource limited setting; real world data of histopathology, clinical features and long-term outcome of Hodgkin Lymphoma in Sri Lanka. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 38:100998. [PMID: 34278283 PMCID: PMC8267551 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:: There is a significant disparity in global cancer care and out-come between countries. We aimed to provide data on characteristics, average cost of treatment and survival estimates in patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma in Sri Lanka. Methods: All patients diagnosed with Hodgkin Lymphoma between 01.05.2013 and 01.10.2020 were included in the analysis. Findings: Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma(cHL) diagnosed in 85%; 68% presented with B symptoms and 61% had advanced stage of disease. Treatment was discontinued by 23% either before or just after starting treatment of whom 72% percent were females. The complete response (CR) rate of patients who continued treatment was 86% while the estimated five-year survival rate is 92%. Seventeen percent of these patients died but only two percent due to Hodgkin Lymphoma or associated treatment in the group which continued treatment compared to 45% in the group who defaulted treatment (p-value 0.0002). Five-year survival rate of patients who defaulted treatment was 50% while patients who continued treatment have an estimated five-year survival rate of 90%. Average cost of first line treatment was between US$ 2280 and US$ 7642. First treatment failure may incur substantially higher health care costs. Interpretation: This is the only well characterized study on long-term survival of patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma in Sri Lanka. We have shown that it is possible to successfully apply western treatment and supportive care protocols to the local population. This published data will help to bench mark and improve the treatment and develop blood cancer care in the local setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saman Hewamana
- Clinical Haematology Unit, Lanka Hospital, Colombo, Sri Lanka
- Correspondence: Dr. Saman Hewamana, Clinical Haematology Unit, Lanka Hospitals, 578, Elwitigala Mawatha, Colombo 05, Sri Lanka.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chandu De Silva
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zou DM, Zhou DB, Zhang Y, Wang W, Zhang W. Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors in Chinese patients with classical Hodgkin's lymphoma involving extranodal sites: a retrospective single-center. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 24:661-668. [PMID: 31537183 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2019.1668161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors in Chinese patients with classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL) involving extranodal sites. Methods: Clinical features and outcomes of 68 patients diagnosed with cHL involving extranodal sites from April 2003 to November 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The data was compared with that of 76 cHL patients without extranodal involvement in the same period. Results: (1) Extranodal involvement was common in Chinese cHL patients. The most common sites were lung (44.1%) and bone (33.8%), followed by bone marrow, liver, pericardium, pleura and other sites. (2) With a median follow-up period of 4.58 years, the 5-year overall survival (OS) of 68 patients with extranodal involvement was significantly poorer than that of 76 patients with only nodal involvement (81.4% vs. 92.8%, p = 0.018). (3) In univariate analysis, lymphocytopenia (p = 0.027), elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (p = 0.026) and involved lymph node region (LNR) ≥4 (p = 0.044) predicted inferior freedom from progression (FFP) with significant difference. Elder age (p = 0.010), elevated LDH (p = 0.013), elevated platelet (p = 0.044), involved LNR ≥ 4 (p = 0.047) were also statistically significant in OS. Extranodal sites and number of extranodal sites showed no significant difference in FFP and OS. Factors with p-value smaller than 0.100 were evaluated in multivariate analysis, turning out that lymphocytopenia was the only independent adverse prognostic factor in FFP (p = 0.039; HR = 2.595) and OS (p = 0.028; HR = 4.993). Conclusion: Extranodal involvement was frequent in Chinese cHL patients, with lung to be the most commonly involved site. Lymphocytopenia was the only independent adverse prognostic factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mei Zou
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital; Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Wangfujing , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Dao-Bin Zhou
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital; Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Wangfujing , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital; Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Wangfujing , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital; Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Wangfujing , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital; Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Wangfujing , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ghafoor T. Prognostic factors in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma: experience from a developing country. Leuk Lymphoma 2019; 61:344-350. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2019.1665666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Ghafoor
- Armed Forces Bone Marrow Transplant Centre, CMH Medical Complex, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bai YF, Liu JM, Zhang XM, Jiang CZ, Xu X, Zheng SS. Percutaneous liver biopsy: retrospective study of primary and secondary hepatic lymphoma in twenty-one patients. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2017; 16:58-64. [PMID: 28119260 DOI: 10.1016/s1499-3872(16)60169-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic lymphoma (HL) is categorized as primary and secondary hepatic lymphoma (PHL and SHL). This disorder can present as hepatic mass or mass-like lesion. Chemotherapy often is the first line treatment for patients with HL. Thus, an accurate pre-management histological diagnosis is essential to potentially improve clinical outcomes. The present study was to explore the prevalence of HL in ultrasound guided liver biopsies for hepatic mass or mass-like lesions, to investigate HL associated clinicopathological features, to raise the awareness of early recognition and proper diagnosis of this entity, and to assess specimen adequacy in needle core biopsy. METHODS Twenty-one cases of HL were enrolled. Clinical and pathological characteristics were evaluated, quality of biopsies was assessed and pertinent literature was reviewed. RESULTS HL was diagnosed in 0.94% of 2242 liver biopsy cases with ambiguous clinical presentation, laboratory tests and image studies. There were two cases of PHL (0.09%), and nineteen cases of SHL (0.85%). Histopathologically, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was the most common type, followed by B-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified, T-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. Additionally, three lymphocytic infiltration patterns were documented microscopically. The nodular infiltration was the most common type. CONCLUSIONS HL is a rare entity and histopathology along with ancillary tests remains the only way to make the diagnosis. Clinicians' awareness of this entity and early liver biopsy are essential in patient management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Feng Bai
- Department of Pathology, and Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Law MF, Ng TY, Chan HN, Lai HK, Ha CY, Leung C, Ng C, Yeung YM, Yip SF. Clinical features and treatment outcomes of Hodgkin's lymphoma in Hong Kong Chinese. Arch Med Sci 2014; 10:498-504. [PMID: 25097580 PMCID: PMC4107256 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2014.43744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little information is available on the outcomes of Hodgkin's lymphoma in Chinese patients. We analyzed the clinical and histopathological characteristics, treatment types, clinical course and treatment outcomes of Hong Kong Chinese patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma diagnosed from January 1991 to December 2010 were recruited. A retrospective analysis of these patients was performed. RESULTS Sixty-seven Chinese patients (38 males and 29 females) were identified and the median age was 36 (range 16-80). Nodular sclerosis was the most common histology (54%), followed by mixed cellularity (36%). Twenty-four patients had early favorable, 20 patients had early unfavorable and 23 patients had advanced-stage diseases. The most common presentation was palpable lymph node or mass (85%) followed by fever, weight loss, night sweating and mediastinal mass. Ninety percent of patients received chemotherapy and 40% received radiotherapy as consolidation. Seven patients with stage I lymphoma received radiotherapy alone. ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine) was the most commonly used chemotherapeutic regimen. Following treatment, 87% of patients achieved complete remission. Six patients relapsed after first remission and 3 achieved second remission after re-induction therapy. The 5-year overall survival of the entire cohort was 89% and the freedom from treatment failure (FFTF) at 5 years was 82%. The 5-year overall survival rate for early favorable, early unfavorable and advanced stages was 95.7%, 95.0% and 74.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Despite the relatively low incidence of Hodgkin's lymphoma in Hong Kong Chinese, the treatment outcomes are comparable to Caucasian patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Fai Law
- Department of Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ting Ying Ng
- Departments of Oncology, Tuen Mun Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Hay Nun Chan
- Department of Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ho Kei Lai
- Department of Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Chung Yin Ha
- Department of Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Charlotte Leung
- Departments of Pathology, Tuen Mun Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Celia Ng
- Department of Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Yiu Ming Yeung
- Department of Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Sze Fai Yip
- Department of Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shodell M, Kempin S, Siegal FP. Plasmacytoid dendritic cell and CD4 + T cell deficiencies in untreated Hodgkin disease: implications for susceptibility to opportunistic infections. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 55:2656-7. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2014.893312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Shodell
- Department of Biology, Long Island University,
C. W. Post Campus, Brookville, NY, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|