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Coskun A, Kayhan H, Senturk F, Esmekaya MA, Canseven AG. The Efficacy of Electrochemotherapy with Dacarbazine on Melanoma Cells. Bioelectricity 2024; 6:118-125. [PMID: 39119570 PMCID: PMC11305008 DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2023.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrochemotherapy (ECT) involves locally applying electrical pulses to permeabilize cell membranes, using electroporation (EP). This process enhances the uptake of low-permeant chemotherapeutic agents, consequently amplifying their cytotoxic effects. In melanoma treatment, dacarbazine (DTIC) is a cornerstone, but it faces limitations because of poor cell membrane penetration, necessitating the use of high doses, which, in turn, leads to increased side effects. In our study, we investigated the effects of DTIC and EP, both individually and in combination, on the melanoma cell line (SK-MEL-30) as well as human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) using in vitro assays. First, the effects of different DTIC concentrations on the viability of SK-MEL-30 and HDF cells were determined, revealing that DTIC was more effective against melanoma cells at lower concentrations, whereas its cytotoxicity at 1000 μM was similar in both cell types. Next, an ideal electric field strength of 1500 V/cm achieved a balance between permeability (84%) and melanoma cell viability (79%), paving the way for effective ECT. The combined DTIC-EP (ECT) application reduced IC50 values by 2.2-fold in SK-MEL-30 cells and 2.7-fold in HDF cells compared with DTIC alone. In conclusion, ECT not only increased DTIC's cytotoxicity against melanoma cells but also affected healthy fibroblasts. These findings emphasize the need for cautious, targeted ECT management in melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaaddin Coskun
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Handan Kayhan
- Department of Adult Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatih Senturk
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Meric Arda Esmekaya
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Thirupathi B, Pongen YL, Kaveriyappan GR, Dara PK, Rathinasamy S, Vinayagam S, Sundaram T, Hyun BK, Durairaj T, Sekar SKR. Padina boergesenii mediated synthesis of Se-ZnO bimetallic nanoparticles for effective anticancer activity. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1358467. [PMID: 38468852 PMCID: PMC10925794 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1358467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Evaluating the anticancer property of Padina boergesenii mediated bimetallic nanoparticles. Methods The present study focuses on synthesizing Se-ZnO bimetallic nanoparticles from an aqueous algal extract of brown algae Padina boergesenii.Synthesized Se-ZnO NPs were characterized by UV, FTIR, SEM-EDS and HRTEM for confirmation along with the anticancer activity by MTT assay. Results The UV gave an absorbance peak at 342 and 370 nm, and the FTIR showed functional groups involved in synthesizing Se-ZnO NPs. The TEM micrographs indicated the crystalline nature and confirmed the size of the Se-ZnO NPs to be at an average size of 26.14 nm. Anticancer efficacy against the MCF-7 breast and HepG2 (hepatoblastoma) cell lines were also demonstrated, attaining an IC50 value of 67.9 µg and 74.9 µg/ml respectively, which caused 50% cell death. Discussion This work aims to highlight an effective method for delivering bioactive compounds extracted from brown algae and emphasize its future therapeutic prospects. The potential of Selenium-Zinc oxide nanoparticles is of great interest due to the biocompatibility and low toxicity aspects of selenium combined with the cost-effectiveness and sustainability of zinc metal. The presence of bioactive compounds contributed to the stability of the nanoparticles and acted as capping properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Thirupathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Yimtar Lanutoshi Pongen
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | | | - Pavan Kumar Dara
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Suresh Rathinasamy
- Research and Development Centre, Greensmed Labs, Thoraipakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saranya Vinayagam
- Department of Biosciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Thanigaivel Sundaram
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Baek Kwang Hyun
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Thirumurugan Durairaj
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
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Bute B, Alkis ME. Anticancer activity of methotrexate in electrochemotherapy and electrochemotherapy plus ionizing radiation treatments in human breast cancer cells. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 40:28. [PMID: 36459220 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01891-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Traditional cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy have several limitations. Therefore, their performance must be enhanced with combined methods. The purpose of this study is to investigate both the efficacy of electroporation (EP) on the activity of methotrexate (MTX) and the combined treatment of electrochemotherapy (ECT) + ionizing radiation (IR) in MCF-7 cancer cells. Different treatment techniques, such as EP, MTX, MTX + EP (ECT), 140 kV X-ray alone (IR_140kV), 500 kV X-ray alone (IR_500kV), ECT + IR_140kV and ECT + IR_500kV, were applied to cancer cells. Eight electric pulse trains with square wave (800 V/cm, 100 µs and 1 Hz) were used in EP and ECT applications. The MTT assay was used to assess the efficacy of the therapies used. When the EP, MTX, ECT, IR_140kV, and IR_500kV treatment groups were compared to the control group, there was a significant reduction in MCF-7 cancer cells viability (p < 0.05). ECT was the most effective of these treatments, decreasing viability of cancer cells to 58.78%. The ECT + IR_140kV and ECT + IR_500kV groups were compared to the ECT group to examine the impact of X-ray radiation on ECT treatment. When compared to the ECT alone group, both groups that exposed to X-rays after ECT had a significant decrease in cell viability (p < 0.05). Furthermore, viability of MCF-7 cells reduced to 46.38% in the ECT + IR_140kV group and 35.89% in the ECT + IR_500kV group. In conclusion, the study shows that the cytotoxicity of MTX is significantly increased in ECT treatment compared to standard chemotherapy (p < 0.05). In addition, ECT + IR combined therapy application is much more effective than MTX or ECT treatments alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Bute
- Department of Nuclear Energy and Energy Systems, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Esref Alkis
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Health Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, Guzeltepe, 49250, Muş, Turkey.
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Schiff base containing fluorouracil and its M(II) complexes: Synthesis, characterization, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Savcı A, Buldurun K, Alkış ME, Alan Y, Turan N. Synthesis, characterization, antioxidant and anticancer activities of a new Schiff base and its M(II) complexes derived from 5-fluorouracil. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:172. [PMID: 35972705 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01774-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Schiff base ligand was obtained from the condensation reaction of benzene-1,2-diamine and 5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (5-FU). Metal(II) complexes were synthesized with Fe(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) chloride salts. The synthesized ligand and metal complexes were characterized by FT-IR, UV-vis, 1H-13C NMR, elemental analyses, mass spectroscopy, magnetic moments, molar conductivity and thermogravimetric analysis studies. With the help of different techniques reveal Fe(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes have exhibited tetrahedral and octahedral geometry. Ligand acted as bidentate and it binds metal(II) ions through deprotonated-NH, imine-N atom and carbonyl-O atom, respectively. DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, CUPRAC and total antioxidant activity methods were used to determine the antioxidant properties of ligand and metal complexes. According to the results, the synthesized compounds showed very high antioxidant activity compared to 5-FU. The cytotoxicities of the synthesized compounds were performed on MCF-7 (human breast cancer) and L-929 (fibroblast) cell lines using the MTT assay. In addition, the effect of electroporation (EP) on the cytotoxicity of the compounds was investigated. Our results demonstrated that novel Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes show potential as new anticancer agents and ECT may be a viable treatment option for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Savcı
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Art and Science, Mus Alparslan University, 49250, Mus, Turkey.
| | - Kenan Buldurun
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Health Services Vocational School, Mus Alparslan University, 49250, Mus, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Eşref Alkış
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mus Alparslan University, 49250, Mus, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Alan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Art and Science, Mus Alparslan University, 49250, Mus, Turkey
| | - Nevin Turan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Mus Alparslan University, 49250, Mus, Turkey
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