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Su N, Jin CY, Hu CB, Shao T, Ji JF, Qin LL, Fan DD, Lin AF, Xiang LX, Shao JZ. Extensive involvement of CD40 and CD154 costimulators in multiple T cell-mediated responses in a perciform fish Larimichthys crocea. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 134:104460. [PMID: 35667467 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
CD40 and CD154 are well-characterized costimulatory molecules involved in adaptive humoral immunity in humans and other mammals. These two costimulatory molecules were found to be originated from teleost fish during vertebrate evolution. However, the functionality of fish CD40 and CD154 remains to be explored. In this study, we identified the CD40 and CD154 homologs (LcCD40 and LcCD154) from large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea), a marine species of the perciform fish family. The LcCD40 and LcCD154 share conserved structural features to their mammalian counterparts, and are widely expressed in immune-relevant tissues and leukocytes at different transcriptional levels. Immunofluorescence staining and FCM analysis showed that LcCD40 and LcCD154 proteins are distributed on MHC-II+ APCs and CD4-2+ T cells, and are significantly upregulated in response to antigen stimulation. Co-IP assay exhibited strong association between LcCD40 and LcCD154 proteins. Blockade of LcCD154 with anti-LcCD154 antibody (Ab) or recombinant soluble LcCD40-Ig fusion protein remarkably decreased the MHC-II+ APC-initiated CD4+ T cell response upon Aeromonas hydrophila stimulation, and alloreactive T cell activation as examined by mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). These findings highlight the costimulatory role of LcCD40 and LcCD154 in T cell activities in Larimichthys crocea. Thus, the CD40 and CD154 costimulators may extensively participate in the regulation of multiple T cell-mediated immune responses in teleost fish. It is anticipated that this study would provide a cross-species understanding of the evolutionary history of CD40 and CD154 costimulatory signals from fish to mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Su
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chun-Yu Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong-Bin Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Shao
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Fei Ji
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Lu Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Dong Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Fu Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Xin Xiang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Zhong Shao
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Functions of cIAP1. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020322. [PMID: 35204822 PMCID: PMC8869227 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 1 (cIAP1) is a cell signaling regulator of the IAP family. Through its E3-ubiquitine ligase activity, it has the ability to activate intracellular signaling pathways, modify signal transduction pathways by changing protein-protein interaction networks, and stop signal transduction by promoting the degradation of critical components of signaling pathways. Thus, cIAP1 appears to be a potent determinant of the response of cells, enabling their rapid adaptation to changing environmental conditions or intra- or extracellular stresses. It is expressed in almost all tissues, found in the cytoplasm, membrane and/or nucleus of cells. cIAP1 regulates innate immunity by controlling signaling pathways mediated by tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRs), some cytokine receptors and pattern recognition-receptors (PRRs). Although less documented, cIAP1 has also been involved in the regulation of cell migration and in the control of transcriptional programs.
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Ren S, Pan L, Yang L, Niu Z, Wang L, Gao Y, Liu J, Liu Z, Pei H. Interfering hsa_circ_0073748 alleviates caerulein-induced ductal cell injury in acute pancreatitis by inhibiting miR-132-3p/TRAF3/NF-κB pathway. Cell Cycle 2021; 21:172-186. [PMID: 34882521 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.2014653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA hsa_circ_0073748 (circ_0073748) is upregulated in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP), a clinically common sudden inflammatory response. MicroRNA (miR)-132-3p is a stress-induced factor with high conservation between species. Herein, expression and role of circ_0073748 and miR-132-3p in caerulein-induced pancreatitis were studied. Expression levels of circ_0073748, miR-132-3p, TNF receptor associated factor 3 (TRAF3), Bcl-2 and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) were examined by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and Western blotting. Cell proliferation was measured by MTS and EdU assays. Flow cytometry and assay kits detected apoptosis, inflammatory, and oxidative responses. Western blotting detected nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway. Circ_0073748 was upregulated and miR-132-3p was downregulated in AP patients' plasma and human pancreatic ductal HPDE6-C7 cells with caerulein induction. Interfering circ_0073748 and reinforcing miR-132-3p improved cell viability, EdU incorporation, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of caerulein-treated HPDE6-C7 cells but suppressed malonaldehyde (MDA), IL-6 and TNF-α levels and apoptosis rate. Moreover, TRAF3 downregulation was allied with circ_0073748 silencing and miR-132-3p overexpression in caerulein-induced HPDE6-C7 cells. Mechanically, circ_0073748 was identified as a sponge for miR-132-3p to modulate TRAF3 expression, thus establishing a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulation model. Notably, circ_0073748 blockage could suppress expressions of phosphorylated P65 (p-P65) and p-IκB in caerulein-induced HPDE6-C7 cells by promoting miR-132-3p and inhibiting TRAF3. Silencing circ_0073748 and upregulating miR-132-3p could alleviate caerulein-induced HPDE6-C7 injury and inactivate canonical NF-κB signal by inhibiting TRAF3. Circ_0073748/miR-132-3p/TRAF3 ceRNA pathway might be one underlying mechanism and therapeutic target of caerulein-induced AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Ren
- Department of Geriatric Digestive Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Longfei Pan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Linqing Yang
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zequn Niu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanxia Gao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Honghong Pei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 regulates endothelial functions in subclinical hypothyroidism through miR-126/TRAF7 pathway. Hum Cell 2021; 34:825-835. [PMID: 33677813 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00508-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is associated with increased risks of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, but the mechanisms remain unclear. In our previous study, microRNA-126-3p was downregulated in SCH, but the role and regulatory mechanism of miR-126 in SCH has not been investigated. A SCH mouse model was established by feeding mice methimazole. Both primary endothelial cells (ECs) and HUVECs were cultured. The expression levels of key molecules were detected via quantitative RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Wire myography was used to analyze the changes in vascular tones. A dual-luciferase assay was used to investigate the relationship between lncRNAs, microRNAs and target genes. In detail, it was shown that the expression levels of miR-126-3p were significantly decreased in both the SCH vasculature and HUVECs. MiR-126 supplementation suppressed HUVEC apoptosis and improved vascular function. Moreover, miR-126 could bind to the 3'-untranslated region of TRAF7, thus, regulating the C-FLIP pathway and endothelial apoptosis. Furthermore, lncRNA NEAT1 was upregulated upon TSH treatment and could function as a ceRNA and bind to miR-126, thus, modulating its expression level and vascular function. Finally, the NEAT1/miR-126/TRAF7 axis functions in response to TSH and regulates endothelial functions in SCH in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, dysregulation of the NEAT1/miR-126/TRAF7 axis is responsible for impaired endothelial functions in SCH. Targeting this axis might become a promising treatment strategy or improving endothelial functions in SCH.
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Ling S, Jin L, Li S, Zhang F, Xu Q, Liu M, Chen X, Liu X, Gu J, Liu S, Liu N, Ou W. Allium macrostemon Saponin Inhibits Activation of Platelet via the CD40 Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:570603. [PMID: 33584257 PMCID: PMC7874237 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.570603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Allium macrostemon saponin is a traditional Chinese medicine that exhibits anti-atherosclerosis effects. However, the mechanism of its action has not been fully clarified. Platelet activation induced by CD40L plays an important role in the process of atherosis. In the present study, we demonstrate for the first time that A. macrostemon saponin inhibits platelet activation induced by CD40L. Moreover, the effects of saponin on platelet activation were achieved by activation of the classical CD40L-associated pathway, including the PI3K/Akt, MAPK and NF-κB proteins. In addition, the present study further demonstrated that saponin exhibited an effect on the TRAF2-mediated ubiquitination degradation, which contributed to the inhibition of the CD40 pathway and its downstream members. The findings determine that A. macrostemon saponin inhibits activation of platelets via activation of downstream proteins of the CD40 pathway. This in turn affected TRAF2-associated ubiquitination degradation and caused an anti-thrombotic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Ling
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shizheng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangcheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingke Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuke Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jielei Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiming Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ningning Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenchao Ou
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang T, Sun J, Cheng J, Yin W, Li J, Miller H, Herrada AA, Gu H, Song H, Chen Y, Gong Q, Liu C. The role of ubiquitinase in B cell development and function. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 109:395-405. [PMID: 32816356 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1mr0720-185rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitinases are a select group of enzymes that modify target proteins through ubiquitination, which plays a crucial role in the regulation of protein degradation, location, and function. B lymphocytes that originated from bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), exert humoral immune functions by differentiating into plasma cells and producing antibodies. Previous studies have shown that ubiquitination is involved in the regulation of the cell cycle and signal transduction important for B lymphocyte development and function. In this review, how ubiquitinases regulate B cell development, activation, apoptosis, and proliferation is discussed, which could help in understanding the physiological processes and diseases related to B cells and also provides potential new targets for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianxuan Sun
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiali Cheng
- Department of hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Yin
- Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Department of hematology, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heather Miller
- Department of Intracellular Pathogens, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrés A Herrada
- Lymphatic and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Heng Gu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongmei Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 1, Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The Second Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Quan Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.,Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Chaohong Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Chen X, Xu H. LncRNA SNHG15 regulates osteosarcoma progression in vitro and in vivo via sponging miR-346 and regulating TRAF4 expression. Open Life Sci 2020; 15:423-436. [PMID: 33817231 PMCID: PMC7874646 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2020-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common primary malignant bone tumor around the world. It has been reported that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) take part in diverse pathological processes of OS; however, the mechanism remains unknown. This study aimed to uncover the profile of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15), its biological function, and its potential involvement in the mechanism of OS progression in vitro and in vivo. The expression of SNHG15 and TRAF4 was promoted in OS tissues opposite for that of miR-346. The silencing of SNHG15 limited the proliferation, invasion, and enhanced apoptosis of SaoS2 and HOS cells. Moreover, the putative binding sites between miR-346 and SNHG15 or TRAF4 were predicted by starBase and Targetscan software online, individually. Also, miR-346 deletion reversed the positive effects of SNHG15 elimination on proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion in cells. In addition, the upregulation of TRAF4 disrupted the biofunctional results from miR-346 promotion subsequently. Finally, SNHG15 knockdown repressed OS tumor growth in a xenograft tumor model. SNHG15 enhanced the progression of OS by regulating the miR-346/TRAF4 axis in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewu Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Research Center of Spine Surgery, Yijishan Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College), No. 2, West Zheshan Road, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Hongguang Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Research Center of Spine Surgery, Yijishan Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College), No. 2, West Zheshan Road, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
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8
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Ding Q, Wang Q, Ren Y, Zhu HQ, Huang Z. MicroRNA-126 attenuates cell apoptosis by targeting TRAF7 in acute myeloid leukemia cells. Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 96:840-846. [PMID: 29940130 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2018-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a 5-year survival rate of only about 30%-40% due to the self-renewal and differentiation ability of leukemia stem-like cells (LSCs). To address the potential for novel therapeutic targets in LSCs, we investigated the roles of miRNA-126 and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 7 (TRAF7) in AML. We used qRT-PCR and Western blot to investigate the expression levels of miRNA-126 and TRAF7 in AML cell lines. Then, we uncovered the effect of miRNA-126 on AML cell proliferation and apoptosis by MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis, respectively. Furthermore, dual-luciferase assay and Western blot were used to determine the target of miRNA-126 in AML and the potential mechanism by which cell apoptosis is suppressed by miRNA-126. We found that miRNA-126 was highly expressed in all of the AML cell lines, and that inhibition of miRNA-126 significantly induced cell death through apoptosis. The suppression of apoptosis in AML with high expression of miRNA-126 was caused by down-regulating TRAF7, which blocked the c-FLIP pathway. The role of miRNA-126 in AML makes it a potential therapeutic target to improve clinical outcomes for patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ding
- Department of Hematology, Gui Zhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, Gui Zhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, P.R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Gui Zhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, Gui Zhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, P.R. China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Hematology, Gui Zhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, Gui Zhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, P.R. China
| | - Hong Qian Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Gui Zhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, Gui Zhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, P.R. China
| | - ZhuYun Huang
- Department of Hematology, Gui Zhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, Gui Zhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, P.R. China
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Bishop GA, Stunz LL, Hostager BS. TRAF3 as a Multifaceted Regulator of B Lymphocyte Survival and Activation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2161. [PMID: 30319624 PMCID: PMC6165887 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The adaptor protein TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) serves as a powerful negative regulator in multiple aspects of B cell biology. Early in vitro studies in transformed cell lines suggested the potential of TRAF3 to inhibit signaling by its first identified binding receptor, CD40. However, because the canonical TRAF3 binding site on many receptors also mediates binding of other TRAFs, and whole-mouse TRAF3 deficiency is neonatally lethal, an accurate understanding of TRAF3's specific functions was delayed until conditional TRAF3-deficient mice were produced. Studies of B cell-specific TRAF3-deficient mice, complemented by investigations in normal and malignant mouse and human B cells, reveal that TRAF3 has powerful regulatory roles that are unique to this TRAF, as well as functions context-specific to the B cell. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of these roles and functions. These include inhibition of signaling by plasma membrane receptors, negative regulation of intracellular receptors, and restraint of cytoplasmic NF- κB pathways. TRAF3 is also now known to function as a resident nuclear protein, and to impact B cell metabolism. Through these and additional mechanisms TRAF3 exerts powerful restraint upon B cell survival and activation. It is thus perhaps not surprising that TRAF3 has been revealed as an important tumor suppressor in B cells. The many and varied functions of TRAF3 in B cells, and new directions to pursue in future studies, are summarized and discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail A. Bishop
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa City VA Health Care System, Iowa City, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Laura L. Stunz
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Bruce S. Hostager
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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