1
|
Yang L, Wu J, Zhang F, Zhang L, Zhang X, Zhou J, Pang J, Xie B, Xie H, Jiang Y, Peng J. Microglia aggravate white matter injury via C3/C3aR pathway after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. Exp Neurol 2024; 379:114853. [PMID: 38866102 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The activation of glial cells is intimately associated with the pathophysiology of neuroinflammation and white matter injury (WMI) during both acute and chronic phases following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The complement C3a receptor (C3aR) has a dual role in modulating inflammation and contributes to neurodevelopment, neuroplasticity, and neurodegeneration. However, its impact on WMI in the context of SAH remains unclear. In this study, 175 male C57BL/6J mice underwent SAH through endovascular perforation. Oxyhemoglobin (oxy-Hb) was employed to simulate SAH in vitro. A suite of techniques, including immunohistochemistry, transcriptomic sequencing, and a range of molecular biotechnologies, were utilized to evaluate the activation of the C3-C3aR pathway on microglial polarization and WMI. Results revealed that post-SAH abnormal activation of microglia was accompanied by upregulation of complement C3 and C3aR. The inhibition of C3aR decreased abnormal microglial activation, attenuated neuroinflammation, and ameliorated WMI and cognitive deficits following SAH. RNA-Seq indicated that C3aR inhibition downregulated several immune and inflammatory pathways and mitigated cellular injury by reducing p53-induced death domain protein 1 (Pidd1) and Protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (Perk) expression, two factors mainly function in sensing and responding to cellular stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The deleterious effects of the C3-C3aR axis in the context of SAH may be related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-dependent cellular injury and inflammasome formation. Agonists of Perk can exacerbate the cellular injury and neuroinflammation, which was attenuated by C3aR inhibition after SAH. Additionally, intranasal administration of C3a during the subacute phase of SAH was found to decrease astrocyte reactivity and alleviate cognitive deficits post-SAH. This research deepens our understanding of the complex pathophysiology of WMI following SAH and underscores the therapeutic potential of C3a treatment in promoting white matter repair and enhancing functional recovery prognosis. These insights pave the way for future clinical application of C3a-based therapies, promising significant benefits in the treatment of SAH and its related complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jinpeng Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xianhui Zhang
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jinwei Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bingqing Xie
- Institute of Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Huangfan Xie
- Institute of Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Institute of Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Jianhua Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ni H, Kan X, Rui Q, Zhang Y, Zhai W, Zhang B, Yu Z. RACK1 promotes autophagy via the PERK signaling pathway to protect against traumatic brain injury in rats. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14691. [PMID: 38532543 PMCID: PMC10966134 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Neuronal cell death is a primary factor that determines the outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). We previously revealed the importance of receptor for activated C kinase (RACK1), a multifunctional scaffold protein, in maintaining neuronal survival after TBI, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism underlying RACK1-mediated neuroprotection in TBI. METHODS TBI model was established using controlled cortical impact injury in Sprague-Dawley rats. Genetic intervention and pharmacological inhibition of RACK1 and PERK-autophagy signaling were administrated by intracerebroventricular injection. Western blotting, coimmunoprecipitation, transmission electron microscopy, real-time PCR, immunofluorescence, TUNEL staining, Nissl staining, neurobehavioral tests, and contusion volume assessment were performed. RESULTS Endogenous RACK1 was upregulated and correlated with autophagy induction after TBI. RACK1 knockdown markedly inhibited TBI-induced autophagy, whereas RACK1 overexpression exerted the opposite effects. Moreover, RACK1 overexpression ameliorated neuronal apoptosis, neurological deficits, and cortical tissue loss after TBI, and these effects were abrogated by the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine or siRNAs targeting Beclin1 and Atg5. Mechanistically, RACK1 interacted with PERK and activated PERK signaling. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of the PERK pathway abolished RACK1-induced autophagy after TBI. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that RACK1 protected against TBI-induced neuronal damage partly through autophagy induction by regulating the PERK signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xugang Kan
- Department of Neurobiology and Cell Biology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of NeurobiologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Qin Rui
- Department of Center of Clinical LaboratoryThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and Cell Biology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of NeurobiologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Weiwei Zhai
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Baole Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and Cell Biology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of NeurobiologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Zhengquan Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu C, Ju R. Potential Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Modulating Protein Homeostasis in Oligodendrocytes to Improve White Matter Injury in Preterm Infants. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-023-03905-8. [PMID: 38180617 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03905-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Preterm white matter injury (WMI) is a demyelinating disease with high incidence and mortality in premature infants. Oligodendrocyte cells (OLs) are a specialized glial cell that produces myelin proteins and adheres to the axons providing energy and metabolic support which susceptible to endoplasmic reticulum protein quality control. Disruption of cellular protein homeostasis led to OLs dysfunction and cell death, immediately, the unfolded protein response (UPR) activated to attempt to restore the protein homeostasis via IRE1/XBP1s, PERK/eIF2α and ATF6 pathway that reduced protein translation, strengthen protein-folding capacity, and degraded unfolding/misfolded protein. Moreover, recent works have revealed the conspicuousness function of ER signaling pathways in regulating influenced factors such as calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial reactive oxygen generation, and autophagy activation to regulate protein hemostasis and improve the myelination function of OLs. Each of the regulation modes and their corresponding molecular mechanisms provides unique opportunities and distinct perspectives to obtain a deep understanding of different actions of ER stress in maintaining OLs' health and function. Therefore, our review focuses on summarizing the current understanding of ER stress on OLs' protein homeostasis micro-environment in myelination during white matter development, as well as the pathophysiology of WMI, and discussing the further potential experimental therapeutics targeting these factors that restore the function of the UPR in OLs myelination function. Potential Role of ER Stress in Modulating Protein Homeostasis in OLs. OLs, produce myelin proteins and provide energy and metabolic support which are susceptible to cellular protein homeostasis and ER protein quality control. 1) UPR plays a different role in activating IRE1/XBP1s, PERK/eIF2α, and ATF6 pathways not only in attempting to restore protein homeostasis to promote cell survival but also aggravating disruption of cellular protein homeostasis to accelerate cell death. 2) PERK pathway facilitated the protein secretion, amino acid metabolism, and stress response to promote cell survival via phosphorylating eIF2α level and strengthening ATF4 expression; Nevertheless, the prolonged activating of the PERK pathway could up-regulate CHOP, GADD34, and other pro-apoptotic factors to further aggravates cell injury. 3) IRE1 and ATF6 pathways enhanced various gene transcription associated with protein folding, secreting, EARD, and ERQC to prompt cell protein homeostasis micro-environment; However, sustained IRE1 and/or ATF6 activity could prompt cell survival toward apoptosis via the pro-apoptotic pathway, inflammation, and other patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Rong Ju
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Teder T, Haeggström JZ, Airavaara M, Lõhelaid H. Cross-talk between bioactive lipid mediators and the unfolded protein response in ischemic stroke. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 168:106760. [PMID: 37331425 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic cerebral stroke is a severe medical condition that affects about 15 million people every year and is the second leading cause of death and disability globally. Ischemic stroke results in neuronal cell death and neurological impairment. Current therapies may not adequately address the deleterious metabolic changes and may increase neurological damage. Oxygen and nutrient depletion along with the tissue damage result in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, including the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), and neuroinflammation in the affected area and cause cell death in the lesion core. The spatio-temporal production of lipid mediators, either pro-inflammatory or pro-resolving, decides the course and outcome of stroke. The modulation of the UPR as well as the resolution of inflammation promotes post-stroke cellular viability and neuroprotection. However, studies about the interplay between the UPR and bioactive lipid mediators remain elusive and this review gives insights about the crosstalk between lipid mediators and the UPR in ischemic stroke. Overall, the treatment of ischemic stroke is often inadequate due to lack of effective drugs, thus, this review will provide novel therapeutical strategies that could promote the functional recovery from ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarvi Teder
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Z Haeggström
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikko Airavaara
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Helike Lõhelaid
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shi S, Ding C, Zhu S, Xia F, Buscho SE, Li S, Motamedi M, Liu H, Zhang W. PERK Inhibition Suppresses Neovascularization and Protects Neurons During Ischemia-Induced Retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:17. [PMID: 37566408 PMCID: PMC10424802 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.11.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Retinal ischemia is a common cause of a variety of eye diseases, such as retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, and vein occlusion. Protein kinase RNA-activated-like endoplasmic reticulum (ER) kinase (PERK), one of the main ER stress sensor proteins, has been involved in many diseases. In this study, we investigated the role of PERK in ischemia-induced retinopathy using a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). Methods OIR was induced by subjecting neonatal pups to 70% oxygen at postnatal day 7 (P7) followed by returning to room air at P12. GSK2606414, a selective PERK inhibitor, was orally administrated to pups right after they were returned to room air once daily until 1 day before sample collection. Western blot, immunostaining, and quantitative PCR were used to assess PERK phosphorylation, retinal changes, and signaling pathways in relation to PERK inhibition. Results PERK phosphorylation was prominently increased in OIR retinas, which was inhibited by GSK2606414. Concomitantly, PERK inhibition significantly reduced retinal neovascularization (NV) and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss, restored astrocyte network, and promoted revascularization. Furthermore, PERK inhibition downregulated the recruitment/proliferation of mononuclear phagocytes but did not affect OIR-upregulated canonical angiogenic pathways. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that PERK is involved in ischemia-induced retinopathy and its inhibition using GSK2606414 could offer an effective therapeutic intervention aimed at alleviating retinal NV while preventing neuron loss during retinal ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuizhen Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Chun Ding
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Shuang Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Seth E. Buscho
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Shengguo Li
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Massoud Motamedi
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
- Departments of Neurobiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Espina M, Di Franco N, Brañas-Navarro M, Navarro IR, Brito V, Lopez-Molina L, Costas-Insua C, Guzmán M, Ginés S. The GRP78-PERK axis contributes to memory and synaptic impairments in Huntington's disease R6/1 mice. Neurobiol Dis 2023:106225. [PMID: 37442396 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that a key factor in neurodegenerative diseases is the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) caused by an accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER stress). Particularly, in Huntington's disease (HD) mutant huntingtin (mHtt) toxicity involves disruption of the ER-associated degradation pathway and loss of the ER protein homeostasis leading to neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. Besides the role of the UPR in regulating cell survival and death, studies that demonstrate the contribution of sustained UPR activation, particularly of PERK signaling, in memory disturbances and synaptic plasticity deficiencies are emerging. Given the contribution of hippocampal dysfunction to emotional and cognitive deficits seen in HD, we have analyzed the involvement of ER stress in HD memory alterations. We have demonstrated that at early disease stages, ER stress activation manifested as an increase in GRP78 and CHOP is observed in the hippocampus of R6/1 mice. Genetic reduction of GRP78 expression resulted in preventing hippocampal-dependent memory alterations but no motor deficits. Accordingly, hippocampal neuropathology namely, dendritic spine loss and accumulation of mHtt aggregates was ameliorated by GRP78 reduction. To elucidate the signaling pathways, we found that the inactivation of PERK by GSK2606414 restored spatial and recognition memories in R6/1 mice and rescued dendritic spine density in CA1 pyramidal neurons and protein levels of some specific immediate early genes. Our study unveils the critical role of the GRP78/PERK axis in memory impairment in HD mice and suggests the modulation of PERK activation as a novel therapeutic target for HD intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Espina
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28031, Spain
| | - Nadia Di Franco
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28031, Spain
| | - Martina Brañas-Navarro
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Irene Rodriguez Navarro
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28031, Spain
| | - Veronica Brito
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28031, Spain
| | - Laura Lopez-Molina
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28031, Spain
| | - Carlos Costas-Insua
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28031, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Manuel Guzmán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28031, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Silvia Ginés
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28031, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang ZH, Zhou XM, Zhang X. Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibitor in Early Brain Injury of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13050816. [PMID: 37239288 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13050816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinically, early brain injury (EBI), which refers to the acute injuries to the whole brain in the phase of the first 72 h following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), is intensely investigated to improve neurological and psychological function. Additionally, it will be meaningful to explore new therapeutic approaches for EBI treatment to improve the prognosis of patients with SAH. To investigate the underlying neuroprotection mechanism in vitro, the Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitor (PTP1B-IN-1) was put in primary neurons induced by OxyHb to observe neuroapoptosis, neuroinflammation, and ER stress. Then, one hundred forty male mice were subjected to Experiment two and Experiment three. The mice in the SAH24h + PTP1B-IN-1 group were given an intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg PTP1B-IN-1 30 min before anesthesia. SAH grade, neurological score, brain water content, Western blot, PCR, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) were performed to observe the underlying neuroprotection mechanism in vivo. Overall, this study suggests that PTP1B-IN-1 could ameliorate neuroapoptosis, neuroinflammation, and ER stress in vitro and in vivo by regulating the IRS-2/AKT signaling pathway, suggesting that PTP1B-IN-1 may be a candidate drug for the treatment of early brain injury after SAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Hua Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, Jinling School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dhir N, Jain A, Sharma AR, Prakash A, Radotra BD, Medhi B. PERK inhibitor, GSK2606414, ameliorates neuropathological damage, memory and motor functional impairments in cerebral ischemia via PERK/p-eIF2ɑ/ATF4/CHOP signaling. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:1177-1192. [PMID: 36847967 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01183-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase/eukaryotic initiation factor 2ɑ (PERK/eIF2α), the branch of unfolded protein response (UPR), is responsible for transient arrest in translation to counter the enhanced levels of misfolded or unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) following any acute condition. In neurological disorders, overactivation of PERK-P/eIF2-P signaling, leads to a prolonged decline in global protein synthesis resulting in synaptic failure and neuronal death. Our study has shown, PERK/ATF4/CHOP pathway gets activated following cerebral ischemia in rats. We have further demonstrated, PERK inhibitor, GSK2606414 ameliorates ischemia induced neuronal damage by preventing additional neuronal loss, minimizing brain infarct, reducing brain edema, and preventing neurological symptoms from appearing. GSK2606414 was found to improve the neurobehavioral deficits and reduce the pyknotic neurons in ischemic rats. Also, it decreased glial activation and apoptotic protein mRNA expression while enhanced the synaptic protein mRNA expression in rat brain following cerebral ischemia. In conclusion, our findings suggest that PERK/ATF4/CHOP activation play a vital role in cerebral ischemia. Thus, PERK inhibitor, GSK2606414 might be a potential neuroprotective agent in cerebral ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Dhir
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashish Jain
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Amit Raj Sharma
- Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Ajay Prakash
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Bishan Das Radotra
- Department of Histopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Bikash Medhi
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Resveratrol Suppresses Bupivacaine-Induced Spinal Neurotoxicity in Rats by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress via SIRT1 Modulation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:1176232. [PMID: 36865484 PMCID: PMC9974252 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1176232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Bupivacaine (BUP) may cause neurotoxic effects after spinal anesthesia. Resveratrol (RSV), a natural agonist of Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), protects various tissues and organs from damage by regulating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The aim of this study is to explore whether RSV could alleviate the neurotoxicity induced by bupivacaine via regulating ER stress. We established a model of bupivacaine-induced spinal neurotoxicity in rats using intrathecal injection of 5% bupivacaine. The protective effect of RSV was evaluated by injecting intrathecally with 30 μg/μL RSV in total of 10 μL per day for 4 consecutive days. On day 3 after bupivacaine administration, tail-flick latency (TFL) tests and the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor scores were assessed to neurological function, and the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord was obtained. H&E and Nissl staining were used to evaluate the histomorphological changes and the number of survival neurons. TUNEL staining was conducted to determine apoptotic cells. The expression of proteins was detected by IHC, immunofluorescence, and western blot. The mRNA level of SIRT1 was determined by RT-PCR. Bupivacaine caused spinal cord neurotoxicity by inducing cell apoptosis and triggering ER stress. RSV treatment promoted the recovery of neurological dysfunction after bupivacaine administration by suppressing neuronal apoptosis and ER stress. Furthermore, RSV upregulated SIRT1 expression and inhibited PERK signaling pathway activation. In summary, resveratrol suppresses bupivacaine-induced spinal neurotoxicity in rats by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress via SIRT1 modulation.
Collapse
|
10
|
Li A, Zhao Q, Chen L, Li Z. Apelin/APJ system: an emerging therapeutic target for neurological diseases. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1639-1653. [PMID: 36378421 PMCID: PMC9665010 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08075-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Apelin, an endogenous ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor APJ, is extensively expressed in various systems, especially the nervous system. This article reviews the role of apelin/APJ system in neurological diseases. In detail, apelin/APJ system can relieve acute brain injury including subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, and ischemic stroke. Also, apelin/APJ system has therapeutic effects on chronic neurodegenerative disease models, involving the regulation of neurotrophic factors, neuroendocrine, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, and autophagy. In addition, through different routes of administration, apelin/APJ system has a biphasic effect on depression, epilepsy, and pain. However, apelin/APJ system exacerbates the proliferation and invasion of glioblastoma. Thus, apelin/APJ system is expected to be a therapeutic target for the treatment of nervous system diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ao Li
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Linxi Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhiyue Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu J, Pan M, Liu Y, Huang D, Luo K, Wu Z, Zhang W, Mai K. Taurine alleviates endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammatory cytokine expression and mitochondrial oxidative stress induced by high glucose in the muscle cells of olive flounder (Paralichthysolivaceus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 123:358-368. [PMID: 35318136 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of taurine on endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammatory cytokine expression and mitochondrial oxidative stress induced by high glucose in primary cultured muscle cells of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Three experimental groups were designed as follows: muscle cells of olive flounder incubated with three kinds of medium containing 5 mM glucose (control), 33 mM glucose (HG) or 33 mM glucose + 10 mM taurine (HG + T), respectively. Results showed that taurine addition significantly alleviated the decreased activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) induced by high glucose. The increase of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde content and cell apoptosis induced by high glucose were alleviated by taurine. Besides, gene expression of glucose-regulated protein 78, PKR-like ER kinase, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, interleukin-8, muscle atrophy F-box protein and muscle RING-finger protein 1 were significantly up-regulated in the HG group, and taurine addition decreased the expression of these genes. High glucose led to the swelling of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Meanwhile, the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and the release of cytochrome C from mitochondria induced by high glucose were suppressed by taurine addition. These results demonstrated that taurine alleviated ERS, inflammation and mitochondrial oxidative stress induced by high glucose in olive flounder muscle cells. The ROS production, NF-κB signaling pathway and mitochondria function were the main targets of the biological effects of taurine under high glucose condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Mingzhu Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yue Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Dong Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Kai Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wenbing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434024, China.
| | - Kangsen Mai
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434024, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Piao MJ, Han X, Kang KA, Fernando PDSM, Herath HMUL, Hyun JW. The Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response Mediates Shikonin-Induced Apoptosis of 5-Fluorouracil-Resistant Colorectal Cancer Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2021; 30:265-273. [PMID: 34607978 PMCID: PMC9047496 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2021.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs is a significant problem in the treatment of colorectal cancer, resulting in low response rates and decreased survival. Recent studies have shown that shikonin, a naphthoquinone derivative, promotes apoptosis in colon cancer cells and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cells, raising the possibility that this compound may be effective in drug-resistant colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to characterize the molecular mechanisms underpinning shikonin-induced apoptosis, with a focus on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, in a 5-fluorouracil–resistant colorectal cancer cell line, SNU-C5/5-FUR. Our results showed that shikonin significantly increased the proportion of sub-G1 cells and DNA fragmentation and that shikonin-induced apoptosis is mediated by mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation. Shikonin treatment also increased the expression of ER-related proteins, such as glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78), phospho-protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK), phospho-eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α), phospho-phosphoinositol-requiring protein-1 (IRE1), spliced X-box–binding protein-1 (XBP-1), cleaved caspase-12, and C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP). In addition, siRNA-mediated knockdown of CHOP attenuated shikonin-induced apoptosis, as did the ER stress inhibitor TUDCA. These data suggest that ER stress is a key factor mediating the cytotoxic effect of shikonin in SNU-C5/5-FUR cells. Our findings provide an evidence for a mechanism in which ER stress leads to apoptosis in shikonin-treated SNU-C5/5-FUR cells. Our study provides evidence to support further investigations on shikonin as a therapeutic option for 5-fluorouracil–resistant colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Jing Piao
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.,Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Xia Han
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Ah Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.,Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Jin Won Hyun
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.,Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Brady RD, Bird S, Sun M, Yamakawa GR, Major BP, Mychasiuk R, O'Brien TJ, McDonald SJ, Shultz SR. Activation of the Protein Kinase R-Like Endoplasmic Reticulum Kinase (PERK) Pathway of the Unfolded Protein Response after Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury and Treatment with a PERK Inhibitor. Neurotrauma Rep 2021; 2:330-342. [PMID: 34318301 PMCID: PMC8310749 DOI: 10.1089/neur.2021.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is increasingly recognized as a key factor contributing to poor chronic outcomes. Activation (i.e., phosphorylation) of the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) pathway has been implicated in neurodegenerative conditions with pathological similarities to TBI and may be a potential target to improve TBI outcomes. Here, we aimed to determine whether a moderate TBI would induce activation of the PERK pathway and whether treatment with the PERK inhibitor, GSK2606414, would improve TBI recovery. Male mice were administered a lateral fluid percussion injury (FPI) or sham injury and were euthanized at either 2 h, 24 h, or 1 week post-injury (n = 5 per injury group and time point) to assess changes in the PERK pathway. In the injured cortex, there was increased phosphorylated-PERK at 2 h post-FPI and increased phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor α at 24 h post-FPI. We next examined the effect of acute treatment with GSK2606414 on pathological and behavioral outcomes at 4 weeks post-injury. Thus, there were a total of four groups: sham + VEH (n = 9); sham + GSK4606414 (n = 10); FPI + VEH (n = 9); and FPI + GSK2606414 (n = 9). GSK2606414 (50 mg/kg) or vehicle treatment was delivered by oral gavage beginning at 30 min post-injury, followed by two further treatments at 12-h increments. There were no significant effects of GSK2606414 on any of the outcomes assessed, which could be attributable to several reasons. For example, activation of PERK may not be a significant contributor to the neurological consequences 4 weeks post-FPI in mice. Further research is required to elucidate the role of the PERK pathway in TBI and whether interventions that target this pathway are beneficial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rhys D Brady
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefanie Bird
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mujun Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Glenn R Yamakawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brendan P Major
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richelle Mychasiuk
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stuart J McDonald
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sandy R Shultz
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lu J, Li Z, Zhao Q, Liu D, Mei YA. Neuritin improves the neurological functional recovery after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in mice. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 156:105407. [PMID: 34058347 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) being the most lethal subtype. Neuritin (Nrn) is a neurotropic factor that has been reported to have neuroprotective effects in acute brain and spinal cord injury. However, whether Nrn has a protective role in ICH has not been investigated. In this study, ICH was induced in C57BL/6 J mice by injection of collagenase VII, while the overexpression of Nrn in the striatum was induced by an adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) vector. We found that compared with GFP-ICH mice, Nrn-ICH mice showed improved performance in the corner, cylinder and forelimb tests after ICH, and showed less weight loss and more rapid weight recovery. Overexpression of Nrn reduced brain lesions, edema, neuronal death and white matter and synaptic integrity dysfunction caused by ICH. Western blot results showed that phosphorylated PERK and ATF4 were significantly inhibited, while phosphorylation of Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin was increased in the Nrn-ICH group, compared with the GFP-ICH group. Whole cell recording from motor neurons indicated that overexpression of Nrn reversed the decrease of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) and action potential frequencies induced by ICH. These data show that Nrn improves neurological deficits in mice with ICH by reducing brain lesions and edema, inhibiting neuronal death, and possibly by increasing neuronal connections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junmei Lu
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qianru Zhao
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Dongdong Liu
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yan-Ai Mei
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhao L, Li H, Gao Q, Xu J, Zhu Y, Zhai M, Zhang P, Shen N, Di Y, Wang J, Chen T, Huang M, Sun J, Liu C. Berberine Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Induced Neuronal Apoptosis by Down-Regulating the CNPY2 Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:609693. [PMID: 33995012 PMCID: PMC8113774 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.609693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) has a neuroprotective effect against ischemic stroke, but its specific protective mechanism has not been clearly elaborated. This study explored the effect of BBR on the canopy FGF signaling regulator 2 (CNPY2) signaling pathway in the ischemic penumbra of rats. The model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) was established by the thread embolization method, and BBR was gastrically perfused for 48 h or 24 h before operation and 6 h after operation. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: the Sham group, BBR group, CIRI group, and CIRI + BBR group. After 2 h of ischemia, followed by 24 h of reperfusion, we confirmed the neurologic dysfunction and apoptosis induced by CIRI in rats (p < 0.05). In the ischemic penumbra, the expression levels of CNPY2-regulated endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis proteins (CNPY2, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and Caspase-3) were significantly increased, but these levels were decreased after BBR treatment (p < 0.05). To further verify the inhibitory effect of BBR on CIRI-induced neuronal apoptosis, we added an endoplasmic reticulum-specific agonist and a PERK inhibitor to the treatment. BBR was shown to significantly inhibit the expression of apoptotic proteins induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress agonist, while the PERK inhibitor partially reversed the ability of BBR to inhibit apoptotic protein (p < 0.05). These results confirm that berberine may inhibit CIRI-induced neuronal apoptosis by downregulating the CNPY2 signaling pathway, thereby exerting a neuroprotective effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huanming Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin 4th Centre Hospital, The Fourth Central Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, The Fourth Center Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin 4th Centre Hospital, The Fourth Central Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongjie Zhu
- Department of Pathology, First People's Hospital of Aksu, Xinjiang, China
| | - Meili Zhai
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Gynecology Obstetrics Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Gynecology Obstetrics Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Shen
- Department of Central Laboratory, Tianjin 4th Centre Hospital, The Fourth Central Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanbo Di
- Department of Central Laboratory, Tianjin 4th Centre Hospital, The Fourth Central Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tianjin 4th Centre Hospital, The Fourth Central Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, The Fourth Center Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tie Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tianjin 4th Centre Hospital, The Fourth Central Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, The Fourth Center Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meina Huang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Wuqing People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinglai Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detecting Techniques and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Tianjin 4th Centre Hospital, The Fourth Central Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, Tianjin 4th Centre Hospital, The Fourth Central Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, The Fourth Center Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xu W, Ocak U, Gao L, Tu S, Lenahan CJ, Zhang J, Shao A. Selective autophagy as a therapeutic target for neurological diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:1369-1392. [PMID: 33067655 PMCID: PMC7904548 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03667-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The neurological diseases primarily include acute injuries, chronic neurodegeneration, and others (e.g., infectious diseases of the central nervous system). Autophagy is a housekeeping process responsible for the bulk degradation of misfolded protein aggregates and damaged organelles through the lysosomal machinery. Recent studies have suggested that autophagy, particularly selective autophagy, such as mitophagy, pexophagy, ER-phagy, ribophagy, lipophagy, etc., is closely implicated in neurological diseases. These forms of selective autophagy are controlled by a group of important proteins, including PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin, p62, optineurin (OPTN), neighbor of BRCA1 gene 1 (NBR1), and nuclear fragile X mental retardation-interacting protein 1 (NUFIP1). This review highlights the characteristics and underlying mechanisms of different types of selective autophagy, and their implications in various forms of neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Umut Ocak
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, 16310, Bursa, Turkey.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Bursa City Hospital, 16110, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Liansheng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang YC, Li X, Shen Y, Lyu J, Sheng H, Paschen W, Yang W. PERK (Protein Kinase RNA-Like ER Kinase) Branch of the Unfolded Protein Response Confers Neuroprotection in Ischemic Stroke by Suppressing Protein Synthesis. Stroke 2020; 51:1570-1577. [PMID: 32212900 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.029071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background and Purpose- Ischemic stroke impairs endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function, causes ER stress, and activates the unfolded protein response. The unfolded protein response consists of 3 branches controlled by ER stress sensor proteins, which include PERK (protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase). Activated PERK phosphorylates eIF2α (eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha), resulting in inhibition of global protein synthesis. Here, we aimed to clarify the role of the PERK unfolded protein response branch in stroke. Methods- Neuron-specific and tamoxifen-inducible PERK conditional knockout (cKO) mice were generated by cross-breeding Camk2a-CreERT2 with Perkf/f mice. Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion was used to induce stroke. Short- and long-term stroke outcomes were evaluated. Protein synthesis in the brain was assessed using a surface-sensing-of-translation approach. Results- After tamoxifen-induced deletion of Perk in forebrain neurons was confirmed in PERK-cKO mice, PERK-cKO and control mice were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and 3 days or 3 weeks recovery. PERK-cKO mice had larger infarcts and worse neurological outcomes compared with control mice, suggesting that PERK-induced eIF2α phosphorylation and subsequent suppression of translation protects neurons from ischemic stress. Indeed, better stroke outcomes were observed in PERK-cKO mice that received postischemic treatment with salubrinal, which can restore the ischemia-induced increase in phosphorylated eIF2α in these mice. Finally, our data showed that post-treatment with salubrinal improved functional recovery after stroke. Conclusions- Here, we presented the first evidence that postischemic suppression of translation induced by PERK activation promotes recovery of neurological function after stroke. This confirms and further extends our previous observations that recovery of ER function impaired by ischemic stress critically contributes to stroke outcome. Therefore, future research should include strategies to improve stroke outcome by targeting unfolded protein response branches to restore protein homeostasis in neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chao Wang
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Perioperative Organ Protection, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Xuan Li
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Perioperative Organ Protection, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Yuntian Shen
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Perioperative Organ Protection, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Jingjun Lyu
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Perioperative Organ Protection, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Huaxin Sheng
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Perioperative Organ Protection, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Wulf Paschen
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Perioperative Organ Protection, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Wei Yang
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Perioperative Organ Protection, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Xu M, Tao J, Yang Y, Tan S, Liu H, Jiang J, Zheng F, Wu B. Ferroptosis involves in intestinal epithelial cell death in ulcerative colitis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:86. [PMID: 32015337 PMCID: PMC6997394 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2299-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis has recently emerged as an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death, which is also a regulated necrosis process and a response to tumor suppression. However, whether ferroptosis is involved in ulcerative colitis (UC) is unknown. The aims of this study were to investigate whether the ferroptosis is involved in UC, particularly intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) death, and to analyze the effect of the nuclear factor kappa Bp65 subunit (NF-κBp65) on ferroptosis. The gene expression of ferroptosis-related proteins was assessed in intestinal mucosal samples from human UC. The experimental model of UC was induced with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Ferroptosis of IECs was evaluated, the effect of NF-κBp65 on ferroptosis was analyzed by using IEC-specific NF-κBp65-deleted mice (p65IEC-KO), and the ferroptosis signaling pathway was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that ferroptosis was significantly induced in the IECs from UC patients and mice with colitis, and the ferroptosis was mediated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling. The specific deletion of IEC NF-κBp65 clearly upregulated ferroptosis and exacerbated colitis, and the result showed that phosphorylated-NF-κBp65 significantly inhibited ER stress signaling by directly binding eukaryotic initiation factor 2α. These data indicate that ferroptosis contributes to UC via ER stress-mediated IEC cell death, and that NF-κBp65 phosphorylation suppresses ER stress-mediated IEC ferroptosis to alleviate UC. The results suggest that ferroptosis involves in IEC death in UC, NF-κBp65 play a critical role in the ferroptotic inhibition, and ferroptosis is a potential therapeutic target for UC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minyi Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yidong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siwei Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiling Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengping Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Xiong Y, Xin DQ, Hu Q, Wang LX, Qiu J, Yuan HT, Chu XL, Liu DX, Li G, Wang Z. Neuroprotective mechanism of L-cysteine after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:1920-1930. [PMID: 32246641 PMCID: PMC7513988 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.280321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide, which can be generated in the central nervous system from the sulfhydryl-containing amino acid, L-cysteine, by cystathionine-β-synthase, may exert protective effects in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage; however, the mechanism underlying this effect is unknown. This study explored the mechanism using a subarachnoid hemorrhage rat model induced by an endovascular perforation technique. Rats were treated with an intraperitoneal injection of 100 mM L-cysteine (30 μL) 30 minutes after subarachnoid hemorrhage. At 48 hours after subarachnoid hemorrhage, hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to detect changes in prefrontal cortex cells. L-cysteine significantly reduced cell edema. Neurological function was assessed using a modified Garcia score. Brain water content was measured by the wet-dry method. L-cysteine significantly reduced neurological deficits and cerebral edema after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the number of activated microglia. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the levels of interleukin 1β and CD86 mRNA in the prefrontal cortex. L-cysteine inhibited microglial activation in the prefrontal cortex and reduced the mRNA levels of interleukin 1β and CD86. RT-PCR and western blot analysis of the complement system showed that L-cysteine reduced expression of the complement factors, C1q, C3α and its receptor C3aR1, and the deposition of C1q in the prefrontal cortex. Dihydroethidium staining was applied to detect changes in reactive oxygen species, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the number of NRF2- and HO-1-positive cells. L-cysteine reduced the level of reactive oxygen species in the prefrontal cortex and the number of NRF2- and HO-1-positive cells. Western blot assays and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the protein levels of CHOP and GRP78 in the prefrontal cortex and the number of CHOP- and GRP78-positive cells. L-cysteine reduced CHOP and GRP78 levels and the number of CHOP- and GRP78-positive cells. The cystathionine-β-synthase inhibitor, aminooxyacetic acid, significantly reversed the above neuroprotective effects of L-cysteine. Taken together, L-cysteine can play a neuroprotective role by regulating neuroinflammation, complement deposition, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. The study was approved by the Animals Ethics Committee of Shandong University, China on February 22, 2016 (approval No. LL-201602022).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Xiong
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dan-Qing Xin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Quan Hu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan; Department of Neurosurgery, Taian Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ling-Xiao Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jie Qiu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hong-Tao Yuan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xi-Li Chu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - De-Xiang Liu
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xu W, Li T, Gao L, Zheng J, Yan J, Zhang J, Shao A. Apelin-13/APJ system attenuates early brain injury via suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome activation and oxidative stress in a AMPK-dependent manner after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:247. [PMID: 31791369 PMCID: PMC6889224 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1620-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress play important roles in early brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This study is the first to show that activation of apelin receptor (APJ) by apelin-13 could reduce endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress-associated inflammation and oxidative stress after SAH. Methods Apelin-13, apelin siRNA, APJ siRNA, and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor-dorsomorphin were used to investigate if the activation of APJ could provide neuroprotective effects after SAH. Brain water content, neurological functions, blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, and inflammatory molecules were evaluated at 24 h after SAH. Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were applied to assess the expression of target proteins. Results The results showed that endogenous apelin, APJ, and p-AMPK levels were significantly increased and peaked in the brain 24 h after SAH. In addition, administration of exogenous apelin-13 significantly alleviated neurological functions, attenuated brain edema, preserved BBB integrity, and also improved long-term spatial learning and memory abilities after SAH. The underlying mechanism of the neuroprotective effects of apelin-13 is that it suppresses microglia activation, prevents ER stress from overactivation, and reduces the levels of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 protein (NLRP3), Bip, cleaved caspase-1, IL-1β, TNFα, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, the use of APJ siRNA and dorsomorphin abolished the neuroprotective effects of apelin-13 on neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Conclusions Exogenous apelin-13 binding to APJ attenuates early brain injury by reducing ER stress-mediated oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which is at least partly mediated by the AMPK/TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Rd, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Rd, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liansheng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Rd, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingwei Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Rd, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Rd, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Rd, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li Y, Wu Y, Xia Q, Zhao Y, Zhao R, Deng S. Platycodon grandiflorus enhances the effect of DDP against lung cancer by down regulating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109496. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
|
22
|
Chen J, Jin H, Xu H, Peng Y, Jie L, Xu D, Chen L, Li T, Fan L, He P, Ying G, Gu C, Wang C, Wang L, Chen G. The Neuroprotective Effects of Necrostatin-1 on Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats Are Possibly Mediated by Preventing Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption and RIP3-Mediated Necroptosis. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:1358-1372. [PMID: 31370690 PMCID: PMC6802141 DOI: 10.1177/0963689719867285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the substantial efforts to elucidate the role of early brain injury in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), an effective pharmaceutical therapy for patients with SAH continues to be unavailable. This study aims to reveal the role of necroptosis after SAH, and explore whether the disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and RIP3-mediated necroptosis following SAH in a rat SAH model are altered by necrostatin-1 via its selective inhibition of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIP1). Sixty-five rats were used in the experiments. The SAH model was established using endovascular perforation. Necrostatin-1 was intracerebroventricularly injected 1 h before SAH induction. The neuroprotective effects of necrostatin-1 were evaluated with multiple methods such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning, immunohistochemistry, propidium iodide (PI) labeling, and western blotting. Pretreatment with necrostatin-1 attenuated brain swelling and reduced the lesion volume on T2 sequence and ventricular volume on MRI 72 h after SAH induction. Albumin leakage and the degradation of tight junction proteins were also ameliorated by necrostatin-1 administration. In addition, necrostatin-1 decreased the number of PI-positive cells in the basal cortex, reduced the levels of the RIP3 and MLKL proteins, and inhibited the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Based on the findings from the present study, the selective RIP1 inhibitor necrostatin-1 functioned as a neuroprotective agent after SAH by attenuating brain swelling and BBB disruption. Moreover, the necrostatin-1 pretreatment prevented SAH-induced necroptosis by suppressing the activity of the RIP3/MLKL signaling pathway. These results will provide insights into new drugs and pharmacological targets to manage SAH, which are worth further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingsen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- All the authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Hanghuang Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou
University, Taizhou, China
- All the authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Hangzhe Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- All the authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Yucong Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyong Jie
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Demin Xu
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen,
China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiasha Campus, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of
Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linfeng Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pingyou He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangyu Ying
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chi Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li Y, Song AM, Fu Y, Walayat A, Yang M, Jian J, Liu B, Xia L, Zhang L, Xiao D. Perinatal nicotine exposure alters Akt/GSK-3β/mTOR/autophagy signaling, leading to development of hypoxic-ischemic-sensitive phenotype in rat neonatal brain. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2019; 317:R803-R813. [PMID: 31553625 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00218.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Maternal cigarette smoking is a major perinatal insult that contributes to an increased risk of cardiovascular and neurodevelopmental diseases in offspring. Our previous studies revealed that perinatal nicotine exposure reprograms a sensitive phenotype in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely elusive. The present study tested the hypothesis that perinatal nicotine exposure impacts autophagy signaling in the developing brain, resulting in enhanced susceptibility to neonatal HIE. Nicotine was administered to pregnant rats via subcutaneous osmotic minipumps. Neonatal HIE was conducted in 9-day-old male rat pups. Protein kinase B/glycogen synthase kinase-3β/mammalian target of rapamycin (Akt/GSK-3β/mTOR) signaling and key autophagy markers were determined by Western blotting analysis. Rapamycin and MK2206 were administered via intracerebroventricular injection. Nicotine exposure significantly inhibited autophagy activities in neonatal brain tissues, characterized by an increased ratio of phosphoylated (p-) to total mTOR protein expression but reduced levels of autophagy-related 5, Beclin 1, and LC3βI/II. Treatment with mTOR inhibitor rapamycin effectively blocked nicotine-mediated autophagy deficiency and, more importantly, reversed the nicotine-induced increase in HI brain infarction. In addition, nicotine exposure significantly upregulated p-Akt and p-GSK-3β. Treatment with the Akt selective inhibitor MK2206 reversed the enhanced p-Akt and p-GSK-3β, restored basal autophagic flux, and abolished nicotine-mediated HI brain injury. These findings suggest that perinatal nicotine-mediated alteration of Akt/GSK-3β/mTOR signaling plays a key role in downregulation of autophagic flux, which contributes to the development of hypoxia/ischemia-sensitive phenotype in the neonatal brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Andrew M Song
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Yingjie Fu
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Andrew Walayat
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Meizi Yang
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California.,Department of Pharmacology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Jie Jian
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong, China
| | - Bailin Liu
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Liang Xia
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California.,Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Daliao Xiao
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen YC, Chen BC, Huang HM, Lin SH, Lin CH. Activation of PERK in ET-1- and thrombin-induced pulmonary fibroblast differentiation: Inhibitory effects of curcumin. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15977-15988. [PMID: 30825198 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the role of PKR-like endoplasmic reticular kinase (PERK), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress kinase, in endothelin 1 (ET-1)- and thrombin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF), and the preventive effects of curcumin (CUR). Using the human embryonic WI-38 lung fibroblast cell line, ET-1 and thrombin induced the expression of ER stress-related proteins (CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein, PERK, and binding immunoglobulin protein), a profibrogenic factor (cellular communication network factor 2 [CCN2]), and differentiation markers including α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I (Col I), and Col IV. Knockdown of PERK expression via small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly reduced the increases in CCN2, α-SMA, Col I, and Col IV proteins in WI-38 cells according to western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was observed in ET-1- and thrombin-treated WI-38 cells, and the addition of a JNK inhibitor (SP) suppressed the induction of the indicated proteins by ET-1 and thrombin. Thapsigargin (TG), an ER stress inducer, elevated expressions of PERK and ER stress-related proteins with increased differentiation of WI-38 cells. Knockdown of PERK by siRNA or the PERK inhibitor glycogen synthesis kinase reduced expressions of the differentiation markers, α-SMA and Col IV, in WI-38 cells. CUR concentration-dependently inhibited ET-1- or thrombin-induced CCN2, α-SMA, and vimentin proteins with decreased levels of phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase and PERK in WI-38 cells. An in vivo bleomycin-induced PF study showed that an intraperitoneal injection of CUR (30 mg/kg) reduced expressions of α-SMA, CCN2, Col IV, and vimentin in lung tissues via IHC staining using specific antibodies. This study is the first to demonstrate that PERK activation contributes to pulmonary fibroblast differentiation elicited by ET-1 or thrombin, and the inhibitory activity of CUR against PF is demonstrated herein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chou Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Research Center and Orthopedics Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,International MS/PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Chang Chen
- International MS/PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Mei Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International MS/PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Hua Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International MS/PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Huang Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International MS/PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Heme, Heme Oxygenase, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-A New Insight into the Pathophysiology of Vascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153675. [PMID: 31357546 PMCID: PMC6695876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of vascular disorders continues to rise worldwide. Parallel with that, new pathophysiological pathways have been discovered, providing possible remedies for prevention and therapy in vascular diseases. Growing evidence suggests that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in a number of vasculopathies, including atherosclerosis, vascular brain events, and diabetes. Heme, which is released from hemoglobin or other heme proteins, triggers various pathophysiological consequence, including heme stress as well as ER stress. The potentially toxic free heme is converted by heme oxygenases (HOs) into carbon monoxide (CO), iron, and biliverdin (BV), the latter of which is reduced to bilirubin (BR). Redox-active iron is oxidized and stored by ferritin, an iron sequestering protein which exhibits ferroxidase activity. In recent years, CO, BV, and BR have been shown to control cellular processes such as inflammation, apoptosis, and antioxidant defense. This review covers our current knowledge about how heme induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (HIERS) participates in the pathogenesis of vascular disorders and highlights recent discoveries in the molecular mechanisms of HO-mediated cytoprotection in heme stress and ER stress, as well as crosstalk between ER stress and HO-1. Furthermore, we focus on the translational potential of HIERS and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and brain hemorrhage.
Collapse
|
26
|
Teng L, Fan L, Peng Y, He X, Chen H, Duan H, Yang F, Lin D, Lin Z, Li H, Shao B. Carnosic Acid Mitigates Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Possible Involvement of the SIRT1/p66shc Signaling Pathway. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:26. [PMID: 30890904 PMCID: PMC6411796 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosic acid (CA) has been reported to exhibit a variety of bioactivities including antioxidation, neuroprotection, and anti-inflammation; however, the impact of CA on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has never been elucidated. The current study was undertaken to explore the role of CA in early brain injury (EBI) secondary to SAH and the underlying mechanisms. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were perforated to mimic a clinical aneurysm with SAH. CA or vehicle was administered intravenously immediately after the SAH occurred. Mortality, SAH grade, neurologic function scores, brain water content, Evans blue extravasation, and the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the ipsilateral cortex were determined 24 h after the SAH occurred. Western blot, immunofluorescence, Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) and TUNEL staining were also performed. Our results showed that CA decreased ROS levels, alleviated brain edema and blood-brain barrier permeability, reduced neuronal cell death, and promoted neurologic function improvement. To probe into the potential mechanisms. We showed that CA increased SIRT1, MnSOD, and Bcl-2 expression, as well as decreased p66shc, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3 expression. Interestingly, sirtinol, a selective inhibitor of SIRT1, abolished the anti-apoptotic effects of CA. Taken together, these data revealed that CA has a neuroprotective role in EBI secondary to SAH. The potential mechanism may involve suppression of neuronal apoptosis through the SIRT1/p66shc signaling pathway. CA may provide a promising therapeutic regimen for management of SAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingfang Teng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Linfeng Fan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yujiang Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Xijun He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Huihui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Hongyu Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Da Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Zheng Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Huiyong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Bo Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gao L, Zhang Z, Xu W, Li T, Ying G, Qin B, Li J, Zheng J, Zhao T, Yan F, Zhu Y, Chen G. Natrium Benzoate Alleviates Neuronal Apoptosis via the DJ-1-Related Anti-oxidative Stress Pathway Involving Akt Phosphorylation in a Rat Model of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:42. [PMID: 30853891 PMCID: PMC6395451 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of natrium benzoate (NaB) and DJ-1 in attenuating reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced neuronal apoptosis in traumatic spinal cord injury (t-SCI) in rats. T-SCI was induced by clip compression. The protein expression and neuronal apoptosis was evaluated by Western blotting, double immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscope (TEM). ROS level, spinal cord water content (SCWC) and Evans blue (EB) extravasation was also examined. Locomotor function was evaluated by Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) and inclined plane test (IPT) scores. We found that DJ-1 is expressed in spinal cord neurons and increased after t-SCI. At 24 h post-injury, the levels of DJ-1, p-Akt, SOD2, ROS, p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK ratio, and CC-3 increased, while the Bcl-2/Bax ratio decreased. NaB upregulated DJ-1, p-Akt, and SOD2, decreased ROS, p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK ratio, and CC-3, and increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, which were reversed by DJ-1 siRNA. The proportion of CC-3- and TUNEL-positive neurons also increased after t-SCI and was reduced by NaB. These effects were reversed by MK2206. Moreover, the level of oxDJ-1 increased after t-SCI, which was decreased by DJ-1 siRNA, NaB or the combination of them. NaB also reduced mitochondrial vacuolization, SCWC and EB extravasation, and improved locomotor function assessed by the BBB and IPT scores. In conclusion, NaB increased DJ-1, and thus reduced ROS and ROS-induced neuronal apoptosis by promoting Akt phosphorylation in t-SCI rats. NaB shows potential as a therapeutic agent for t-SCI, with DJ-1 as its main target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liansheng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weilin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangyu Ying
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianru Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingwei Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tengfei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongjian Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang Y, Bao DJ, Xu B, Cheng CD, Dong YF, Wei XP, Niu CS. Neuroprotection mediated by the Wnt/Frizzled signaling pathway in early brain injury induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:1013-1024. [PMID: 30762013 PMCID: PMC6404485 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.250620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/Frizzled signaling pathway participates in many inflammation-linked diseases. However, the inflammatory response mediated by the Wnt/Frizzled signaling pathway in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage has not been thoroughly investigated. Consequently, in this study, we examined the potential role of the Wnt/Frizzled signaling pathway in early brain injury in rat models of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Simultaneously, possible neuroprotective mechanisms were also investigated. Experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage rat models were induced by injecting autologous blood into the prechiasmatic cistern. Experiment 1 was designed to examine expression of the Wnt/Frizzled signaling pathway in early brain injury induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage. In total, 42 adult rats were divided into sham (injection of equivalent volume of saline), 6-, 12-, 24-, 48-, 72-hour, and 1-week subarachnoid hemorrhage groups. Experiment 2 was designed to examine neuroprotective mechanisms of the Wnt/Frizzled signaling pathway in early brain injury induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage. Rats were treated with recombinant human Wnt1 (rhwnt1), small interfering Wnt1 (siwnt1) RNA, and monoclonal antibody of Frizzled1 (anti-Frizzled1) at 48 hours after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Expression levels of Wnt1, Frizzled1, β-catenin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, CD36, and active nuclear factor-κB were examined by western blot assay and immunofluorescence staining. Microglia type conversion and inflammatory cytokine levels in brain tissue were examined by immunofluorescence staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our results show that compared with the sham group, expression levels of Wnt1, Frizzled1, and β-catenin were low and reduced to a minimum at 48 hours, gradually returning to baseline at 1 week after subarachnoid hemorrhage. rhwnt1 treatment markedly increased Wnt1 expression and alleviated subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced early brain injury (within 72 hours), including cortical cell apoptosis, brain edema, and neurobehavioral deficits, accompanied by increasing protein levels of β-catenin, CD36, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and decreasing protein levels of nuclear factor-κB. Of note, rhwnt1 promoted M2-type microglia conversion and inhibited release of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α). In contrast, siwnt1 RNA and anti-Frizzled1 treatment both resulted in an opposite effect. In conclusion, the Wnt/Frizzled1 signaling pathway may participate in subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced early brain injury via inhibiting the inflammatory response, including regulating microglia type conversion and decreasing inflammatory cytokine release. The study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Anhui Medical University and First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China (approval No. LLSC-20180202) in May 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - De-Jun Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Anhui Medical University Auhui Province Medical Genetic Center, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chuan-Dong Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yong-Fei Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiang-Pin Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chao-Shi Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Brain Disease, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chen T, Pan H, Li J, Xu H, Jin H, Qian C, Yan F, Chen J, Wang C, Chen J, Wang L, Chen G. Inhibiting of RIPK3 attenuates early brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage: Possibly through alleviating necroptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:563-570. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
|
30
|
Li T, Xu W, Gao L, Guan G, Zhang Z, He P, Xu H, Fan L, Yan F, Chen G. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor affords neuroprotection to early brain injury induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage via activating Akt-dependent prosurvival pathway and defending blood-brain barrier integrity. FASEB J 2018; 33:1727-1741. [PMID: 30211660 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800227rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effect of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) protein on early brain injury caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and the relevant mechanisms in experimental rats, expecting to understand whether MANF was a potential therapeutic target for SAH treatment. A perforation model of SAH was introduced into the study. Recombinant human MANF (rh-MANF) and protein kinase B (Akt) inhibitor (MK2206) were used to explore the effect and the mechanisms. Multiple approaches for systemic assessment were employed in the research, including the Garcia test, the SAH grade, Evans blue (EB) dye leakage, brain-water content (BWC), the rotarod test, and the Morris water-navigation task, as were biotechniques, such as immunohistochemistry, Western blot, transmission electron microscopy, and flow cytometry. MANF was mainly expressed in rat neurons, and its expression increased significantly at 3 h after SAH induction and peaked at 24 h. Stereotactic injection of rh-MANF into the cerebroventricle significantly increased the level of MANF, p-Akt, p-mouse double minute 2 homolog (p-MDM2), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) in brain tissue, whereas it down-regulated the expression of P53, Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and cleaved caspase-3, which indicated that neuronal apoptosis was remarkably suppressed. Expression of matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) was also suppressed by the rh-MANF injection. Furthermore, neurologic deficits, EB dye leakage, and BWC were reduced, and long-lasting neuroprotection was noted with rh-MANF administration. The antiapoptotic and blood-brain barrier (BBB) protective effect could be offset by administering MK2206. MANF could alleviate neuronal apoptosis by activating Akt-dependent prosurvival pathway and abate BBB damage via MMP-9 suppression. MANF showed not only transient but also long-lasting neuroprotective properties. The rh-MANF as a potential drug for treating SAH might be of clinical use.-Li, T., Xu, W., Gao, L., Guan, G., Zhang, Z., He, P., Xu, H., Fan, L., Yan, F., Chen, G. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor affords neuroprotection to early brain injury induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage via activating Akt-dependent prosurvival pathway and defending blood-brain barrier integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weilin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liansheng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoping Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fenghua Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pingyou He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hangzhe Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linfeng Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sun B, Yang S, Li S, Hang C. Melatonin Upregulates Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2 Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) and Mediates Mitophagy to Protect Against Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:6422-6430. [PMID: 30210141 PMCID: PMC6149238 DOI: 10.12659/msm.909221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate whether melatonin is involved in brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). MATERIAL AND METHODS An SAH model was established and TUNEL assays were utilized to detect the effect of melatonin on cell apoptosis. Western blot analysis was used to detect the effect of melatonin on expression of autophagic markers and apoptotic factors. Real-time PCR, Western blot analysis, and luciferase assay were performed to study the effect of melatonin on nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (NRF2) expression. RESULTS The SAH group displayed a lower neurological score and a higher brain water content, while melatonin treatment increased the neurological score and decreased the brain water content. The administration of melatonin also inhibited the apoptosis of neurons in the brain. In addition, higher Beclin-1 expression and higher conversion ratio from LC3- II to LC3-I were observed in the SAH group. The activation of Beclin-1 and the conversion from LC3-II to LC3-I was further enhanced by melatonin treatment. Furthermore, in the SAH group, the level of Bcl-2 was decreased while the level of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 were increased. However, following melatonin treatment in the SAH group, the level of Bcl-2 was increased while the levels of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 were decreased. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that, by increasing the expression of NRF2, the mitophagy induced by melatonin provided protection against brain injury post-SAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Suqian First Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Shengli Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Municipal Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Chunhua Hang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yu T, Fan Y, Xu Y, Xu L, Xu G, Cao F, Jiang H. Standardized Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® attenuates early brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage via suppressing neuronal apoptosis through the activation of Akt signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:329-337. [PMID: 30098550 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early brain injury (EBI) plays a critical role in determining the outcome of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The present study was designed to investigate the role of EGb 761, a standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba, in SAH-induced EBI and to explore its potential mechanism of action. METHOD A rat SAH model was established by the endovascular perforation process. Doses of 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg EGb 761 were injected intraperitoneally 2 h after SAH was induced. Mortality, SAH grade, neurological score and brain water content were measured 24 h after SAH was induced. A Western blot assay was performed to assess the expression of the apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, Akt and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt). Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and neuronal nuclei (NeuN) double immunofluorescence staining were used to detect apoptotic neurons. RESULTS Animals suffered from serious neurological deficits and increased brain water content after induction of SAH. Rats treated with EGb 761 experienced dose-dependent attenuation of neurological dysfunction and decreased brain water content. In addition, EGb 761 significantly activated Akt signaling accompanied by increased Bcl-2 levels and decreased expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3. Moreover, EGb 761 decreased the number of TUNEL/NeuN-positive cells in a dose-dependent manner. However, all the beneficial effects of EGb 761 for SAH were abolished by the Akt inhibitor MK2206. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that EGb 761 could ameliorate SAH-induced EBI and that the neuroprotective effects of EGb 761 against SAH were exerted via suppression of neuronal apoptosis through activation of the Akt pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tiantai County People's Hospital, Laodong Road 335th, Taizhou, 317200, China
| | - Yunren Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tiantai County People's Hospital, Laodong Road 335th, Taizhou, 317200, China
| | - Yunfeng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tiantai County People's Hospital, Laodong Road 335th, Taizhou, 317200, China
| | - Liangdie Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tiantai County People's Hospital, Laodong Road 335th, Taizhou, 317200, China
| | - Guangda Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tiantai County People's Hospital, Laodong Road 335th, Taizhou, 317200, China
| | - Fangchuan Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tiantai County People's Hospital, Laodong Road 335th, Taizhou, 317200, China
| | - Hailong Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tiantai County People's Hospital, Laodong Road 335th, Taizhou, 317200, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Qian H, Dou Z, Ruan W, He P, Zhang JH, Yan F. ErbB4 Preserves Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity via the YAP/PIK3CB Pathway After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:492. [PMID: 30087588 PMCID: PMC6066511 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have suggested that blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption contributes to the pathogenesis of early brain injury after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB4 can cause intramembrane proteolysis and release a soluble intracellular domain (ICD) that modulates transcription in the nucleus. This study was carried out to investigate the potential roles of ErbB4 in preserving BBB integrity after experimental SAH, as well as the underlying mechanisms of its protective effects. Endovascular perforation was used to prepare a rat SAH model. The SAH grade, neurological score, brain edema and BBB permeability were evaluated after surgery. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the localization of ErbB4 and yes-associated protein (YAP). ErbB4 activator Nrg1 isoform β1 (Nrg1β1), Specific ErbB4 siRNA, YAP siRNA and PIK3CB specific inhibitor TGX 221 were used to manipulate the proposed pathway. The expression levels of ErbB4 ICD and YAP were markly increased after SAH. Double immunohistochemistry labeling showed that ErbB4 and YAP were expressed in endothelial cells and neurons. Activation of ErbB4 by Nrg1β1 (dosage 150 ng/kg) treatment promoted the neurobehavioral deficit, alleviated the brain water content and reduced albumin leakage 24 and 72 h after SAH. ErbB4 activation significantly promoted YAP and PIK3CB activity and increased the expression of tight junction proteins Occludin and Claudin-5. Depletion of ErbB4 aggravated neurological impairment and BBB disruption after SAH. The beneficial effects of ErbB4 activation were abolished by YAP small-interfering RNA and specific PIK3CB inhibitor. Activation of ErbB4 improved neurological performance after SAH through the YAP/PIK3CB signaling pathway, this neuroprotective effects may associated with BBB maintenance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Qian
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhangqi Dou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wu Ruan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pingyou He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - John H Zhang
- Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abhishek K, Das S, Kumar A, Kumar A, Kumar V, Saini S, Mandal A, Verma S, Kumar M, Das P. Leishmania donovani induced Unfolded Protein Response delays host cell apoptosis in PERK dependent manner. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006646. [PMID: 30036391 PMCID: PMC6081962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress generated unfolded stress response (UPR) is a basic survival mechanism which protects cell under unfavourable conditions. Leishmania parasite modulates host macrophages in various ways to ensure its survival. Modulation of PI3K-Akt pathway in delayed apoptotic induction of host; enables parasite to stabilize the infection for further propagation. Methodology Infected RAW macrophages were exposed to campothecin or thagsigargin and phosphorylation status of PERK, Akt, BAD and Cyt-C was determined through western blotting using phospho specific antibody. Expression at transcriptional level for cIAP1 &2, ATF4, CHOP, ATF3, HO-1 and sXBP1 was determined using real time PCR. For inhibition studies, RAW macrophages were pre-treated with PERK inhibitor GSK2606414 before infection. Findings Our studies in RAW macrophages showed that induction of host UPR against L.donovani infection activates Akt mediated pathway which delays apoptotic induction of the host. Moreover, Leishmania infection results in phosphorylation and activation of host PERK enzyme and increased transcription of genes of inhibitor of apoptosis gene family (cIAP) mRNA. In our inhibition studies, we found that inhibition of infection induced PERK phosphorylation under apoptotic inducers reduces the Akt phosphorylation and fails to activate further downstream molecules involved in protection against apoptosis. Also, inhibition of PERK phosphorylation under oxidative exposure leads to increased Nitric Oxide production. Simultaneously, decreased transcription of cIAP mRNA upon PERK phosphorylation fates the host cell towards apoptosis hence decreased infection rate. Conclusion Overall the findings from the study suggests that Leishmania modulated host UPR and PERK phosphorylation delays apoptotic induction in host macrophage, hence supports parasite invasion at early stages of infection. Visceral Leishmaniasis or Kala-azar is one of the severe tropical neglected parasitic diseases caused by Leishmania donovani in Indian subcontinent. Modulation of host in terms of delayed apoptotic induction is one of the aspects which favours disease establishment; however the mechanism is not clearly understood yet. In the present study, we tried to explore the connection between L.donovani infection induced UPR in host with delayed onset of apoptosis. We found that L.donovani infection phosphorylates the PERK and Akt molecule in host along with delayed apoptosis. Simultaneously, the levels of cellular IAP (cIAP1 & 2) genes were also up-regulated in infected macrophages. To assess the involvement of PERK in delayed apoptosis of host, we inhibited the phosphorylation of PERK under the exposure to apoptotic inducers. We found that PERK inhibition decreased the Akt phosphorylation and fails to activate other associated downstream molecules involved in delayed apoptosis of host. Also, a significant reduction in cIAP levels was observed. Under oxidative exposure, inhibition of PERK phosphorylation debilitates infected RAW cell’s ability to maintain redox homeostasis leading to higher nitric oxide production. Altogether, L.donovani infection modulates host apoptosis in a PERK dependent manner and favours infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Abhishek
- Division of Molecular Biology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Sushmita Das
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Phulwarisharif, Patna Bihar, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Division of Molecular Biology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Division of Molecular Biology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Division of Molecular Biology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Savita Saini
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotion Industrial Park, Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, India
| | - Abhishek Mandal
- Division of Molecular Biology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Sudha Verma
- Division of Molecular Biology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Manjay Kumar
- Division of Molecular Biology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Pradeep Das
- Division of Molecular Biology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Xu W, Gao L, Li T, Zheng J, Shao A, Zhang J. Apelin-13 Alleviates Early Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage via Suppression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-mediated Apoptosis and Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption: Possible Involvement of ATF6/CHOP Pathway. Neuroscience 2018; 388:284-296. [PMID: 30036660 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal apoptosis plays important roles in the early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This study first showed that inhibition of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) by apelin-13 could reduce endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress-mediated apoptosis and blood-brain-barrier (BBB) disruption after SAH. We chose apelin-13, ATF6 and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP) siRNAs to verify the hypothesis. Brain water content, neurological behavior and Evans Blue (EB) were assessed at 24 h after SAH. Western blot analysis and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were applied to evaluate the expression of targets in both protein and mRNA levels. Neuronal apoptosis was assessed with Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and caspase-3 staining. The results showed that the levels of ATF6, and its downstream protein, CHOP were upregulated and reached the peak at 24 h after SAH. ATF6 was highly expressed in neurons. The administration of apelin-13 could significantly reduce the mRNA and protein levels of ATF6, and its downstream targets, CHOP and caspase-3, but increase the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, Claudin-5, Occludin and ZO-1. What's more, the administration of apelin-13 could reduce brain edema, ameliorate BBB disruption and improve neurological functions. However, the CHOP siRNA could significantly reverse the pro-apoptotic effect induced by the increased ATF6 level after SAH. Apelin-13 could exert its neuroprotective effects via suppression of ATF6/CHOP arm of ER-stress-response pathway in the early brain injury after SAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liansheng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingwei Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Shao Z, Wu P, Wang X, Jin M, Liu S, Ma X, Shi H. Tetramethylpyrazine Protects Against Early Brain Injury and Inhibits the PERK/Akt Pathway in a Rat Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:1650-1659. [PMID: 29951731 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2581-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal apoptosis is a potentially fatal pathological process that occurs in early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). There is an urgent need to identify effective therapeutics to alleviate neuronal apoptosis. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), as an important component of the Chinese traditional medicinal herb Ligusticum wallichii, has been widely used in China to treat cerebral ischemic injury and confer neuroprotection. In the present work, we investigate whether TMP can reduce EBI following SAH in rats, specifically via inactivating the PERK/Akt signaling cascade. One hundred twenty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the present study. TMP was administered by intravenous (i.v.) injection, and the Akt inhibitor MK2206 was injected intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.). SAH grade, neurological scores, and brain water content were measured 24 h after SAH. Neuronal apoptosis was visualized by Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) staining. Western blotting was used to measure the levels of PERK, p-PERK, eIF2α, p-eIF2α, Akt, p-Akt, Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3. Our results showed that TMP effectively reduced neuronal apoptosis and improved neurobehavioral deficits 24 h after SAH. Administration of TMP reduced the abundance of p-PERK and p-eIF2α. In addition, TMP increased the p-Akt level and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and decreased the level of cleaved caspase-3. The selective Akt inhibitor MK2206 abolished the anti-apoptotic effect of TMP at 24 h after SAH. Collectively, these results indicate that Akt-related anti-apoptosis through the PERK pathway is a major, potent mechanism of EBI. Further investigation of this pathway may provide a basis for the development of TMP as a clinical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengkai Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Meishan Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaizhang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Gao L, Xu W, Fan S, Li T, Zhao T, Ying G, Zheng J, Li J, Zhang Z, Yan F, Zhu Y, Chen G. MANF attenuates neuronal apoptosis and promotes behavioral recovery via Akt/MDM-2/p53 pathway after traumatic spinal cord injury in rats. Biofactors 2018; 44:369-386. [PMID: 29797541 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential effect and mechanism of action of MANF in attenuating neuronal apoptosis following t-SCI. A clip compressive model was used to induce a crush injury of the spinal cord in a total of 230 rats. The Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) score, spinal cord water content, and blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB) permeability were evaluated. The expression levels of MANF and its downstream proteins were examined by western blotting. Immunofluorescence staining of MANF, NeuN, GFAP, Iba-1, cleaved caspase-3, and TUNEL staining were also performed. Cells were counted in six randomly selected fields in the gray matter regions of the sections from two spinal cord sites (2 mm rostral and caudal to the epicenter of the injury) per sample. A cell-based mechanical injury model was also conducted using SH-SY5Y cells. Cell apoptosis and viability were assessed by flow cytometry, an MTT assay, and trypan blue staining. Subcellular structures were observed by transmission electron microscopy. MANF was mainly expressed in neurons. The expression levels of MANF, and its downstream target, p-Akt, were gradually increased and after t-SCI. Treatment with MANF increased Bcl-2 and decreased Bax and CC-3 levels; these effects were reversed on treatment with MK2206. The BBB score, spinal cord water content, and BSCB destruction were also ameliorated by MANF treatment. MANF decreases neuronal apoptosis and improves neurological function through Akt/MDM-2/p53 pathway after t-SCI. Therefore, MANF might be a potential treatment for patients with t-SCI.© 2018 BioFactors, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liansheng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weilin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuangbo Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Zhenhai Longsai Hospital, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tengfei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guangyu Ying
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingwei Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianru Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongjian Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Neuritin Attenuates Neuronal Apoptosis Mediated by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress In Vitro. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:1383-1391. [PMID: 29790068 PMCID: PMC6006204 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2553-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neuritin is an extracellular glycophosphatidylinositol-linked protein that promotes neuronal survival, differentiation, function, and repair, but the exact mechanism of this neuroprotective effect remains unclear. Meanwhile, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) induced apoptosis is attracting increased attention. In this work, we hypothesized that neuritin inhibited ERS to protect cortical neurons. To check this hypothesis, we exposed primary cultured cortical neurons to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) for 45 min followed by reperfusion (R) to activate ERS. We then performed resuscitation for 6, 12, 24, and 48 h. ERS-related factors such as glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), caspase-12 and CHOP were detected by Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. Apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V binding and propidium iodide staining. Ultrastructural changes of endoplasmic reticulum were observed under a transmission electron microscope. Results showed that GRP78 expression significantly increased at 12, 24, and 48 h and peaked at 24 h. Caspase-12 and CHOP expression significantly increased in a time-dependent manner at 12, 24, and 48 h. GRP78, caspase-12 and CHOP expression as well as apoptosis rate of primary cultured neurons and the ultrastructural changes of endoplasmic reticulum in the OGD/R + neuritin group significantly improved compared with the OGD/R group. In conclusion, the neuroprotection function of neuritin may be involved in ERS pathways.
Collapse
|
39
|
Moon SL, Sonenberg N, Parker R. Neuronal Regulation of eIF2α Function in Health and Neurological Disorders. Trends Mol Med 2018; 24:575-589. [PMID: 29716790 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A key site of translation control is the phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), which reduces the rate of GDP to GTP exchange by eIF2B, leading to altered translation. The extent of eIF2α phosphorylation within neurons can alter synaptic plasticity. Phosphorylation of eIF2α is triggered by four stress-responsive kinases, and as such eIF2α is often phosphorylated during neurological perturbations or disease. Moreover, in some cases decreasing eIF2α phosphorylation mitigates neurodegeneration, suggesting that this could be a therapeutic target. Mutations in the γ subunit of eIF2, the guanine exchange factor eIF2B, an eIF2α phosphatase, or in two eIF2α kinases can cause disease in humans, demonstrating the importance of proper regulation of eIF2α phosphorylation for health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Moon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Nahum Sonenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Roy Parker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mercado G, Castillo V, Soto P, López N, Axten JM, Sardi SP, Hoozemans JJ, Hetz C. Targeting PERK signaling with the small molecule GSK2606414 prevents neurodegeneration in a model of Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 112:136-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|
41
|
Tsitsipatis D, Jayavelu AK, Müller JP, Bauer R, Schmidt-Arras D, Mahboobi S, Schnöder TM, Heidel F, Böhmer FD. Synergistic killing of FLT3ITD-positive AML cells by combined inhibition of tyrosine-kinase activity and N-glycosylation. Oncotarget 2018; 8:26613-26624. [PMID: 28460451 PMCID: PMC5432283 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) with internal tandem duplications (ITD) is a major oncoprotein in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and confers an unfavorable prognosis. Interference with FLT3ITD signaling is therefore pursued as a promising therapeutic strategy. In this study we show that abrogation of FLT3ITD glycoprotein maturation using low doses of the N-glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin has anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on FLT3ITD-expressing human and murine cell lines. This effect is mediated in part by arresting FLT3ITD in an underglycosylated state and thereby attenuating FLT3ITD-driven AKT and ERK signaling. In addition, tunicamycin caused pronounced endoplasmatic reticulum stress and apoptosis through activation of protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and activation of the gene encoding CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP). PERK inhibition with a small molecule attenuated CHOP induction and partially rescued cells from apoptosis. Combination of tunicamycin with potent FLT3ITD kinase inhibitors caused synergistic cell killing, which was highly selective for cell lines and primary AML cells expressing FLT3ITD. Although tunicamycin is currently not a clinically applicable drug, we propose that mild inhibition of N-glycosylation may have therapeutic potential in combination with FLT3 kinase inhibitors for FLT3ITD-positive AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tsitsipatis
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Current address: Institute of Nutrition, Department of Nutrigenomics, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Ashok Kumar Jayavelu
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Current address: Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jörg P Müller
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Dirk Schmidt-Arras
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Siavosh Mahboobi
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tina M Schnöder
- Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany.,Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz-Lipmann-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Florian Heidel
- Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany.,Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz-Lipmann-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Frank-D Böhmer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibition confers a neuroprotective efficacy against early brain injury following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats by attenuating neuronal apoptosis through the SIRT1/Akt pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:947-955. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
|
43
|
Meng C, Zhang J, Dang B, Li H, Shen H, Li X, Wang Z. PERK Pathway Activation Promotes Intracerebral Hemorrhage Induced Secondary Brain Injury by Inducing Neuronal Apoptosis Both in Vivo and in Vitro. Front Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29541018 PMCID: PMC5835756 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) signaling pathway was reported to exert an important role in neuronal apoptosis. The present study was designed to investigate the roles of the PERK signaling pathway in the secondary brain injury (SBI) induced by intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and its potential mechanisms. Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish ICH models by injecting autologous blood (100 μl), and cultured primary rat cortical neurons were exposed to oxyhemoglobin (10 μM) to mimic ICH in vitro. The PERK antagonist, GSK2606414, and inhibitor of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit α (eIF2α) dephosphorylation, salubrinal, were used to study the roles of PERK signaling pathway in ICH-induced SBI. Our results showed that the protein levels of p-eIF2α and ATF4 were upregulated following ICH, peaking at 48 h. Application of GSK2606414 reversed this increase in vivo and in vitro, thereby preventing ICH-induced neuronal apoptosis. On the contrary, salubrinal inhibited the dephosphorylation of eIF2α, resulting in the elevation of p-eIF2α, which could activate downstream of PERK signaling and induce neuronal apoptosis and necrosis following ICH in vitro and in vivo. Thus, PERK signaling pathway plays an important role in ICH-induced apoptosis and blocking its activation has neuroprotective effects that alleviates SBI, suggesting that targeting this pathway could be a promising therapeutic strategy for improving patient outcome after ICH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Meng
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng First Peoples' Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Juyi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Baoqi Dang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chen F, Lu J, Chen F, Lin Z, Lin Y, Yu L, Su X, Yao P, Cai B, Kang D. Recombinant neuroglobin ameliorates early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage via inhibiting the activation of mitochondria apoptotic pathway. Neurochem Int 2018; 112:219-226. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
45
|
Zhang D, Wang F, Pang Y, Ke XX, Zhu S, Zhao E, Zhang K, Chen L, Cui H. Down-regulation of CHERP inhibits neuroblastoma cell proliferation and induces apoptosis through ER stress induction. Oncotarget 2017; 8:80956-80970. [PMID: 29113358 PMCID: PMC5655253 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a childhood tumor that is derived from the sympathetic nervous system. In recent years, great progress has been made in our understanding of neuroblastoma. However, applying theories to improve disease outcomes remains challenging. In this study, we observed that calcium homeostasis endoplasmic reticulum protein (CHERP) was involved in the maintenance of neuroblastoma cell proliferation and tumorigenicity. Moreover, elevated CHERP expression was positively correlated with poor patient survival, whereas low CHERP expression was predictive of better outcomes. Additional functional studies showed that CHERP knockdown inhibited neuroblastoma cell proliferation in vitro and resulted in defective tumorigenicity in vivo. Moreover, CHERP depletion suppressed neuroblastoma cell proliferation by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell apoptosis. Considering the functional roles of CHERP in neuroblastoma development and maintenance, CHERP might function as a novel therapeutic target for neuroblastoma patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dunke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, The Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, The Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, The Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-xue Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, The Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shunqin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, The Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Erhu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, The Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, The Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lixue Chen
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, The Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Involvement of IL-17 in Secondary Brain Injury After a Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats. Neuromolecular Med 2017; 19:541-554. [PMID: 28916896 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-017-8468-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The pro-inflammatory activity of interleukin 17, which is produced by the IL-23/IL-17 axis, has been associated with the pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The study investigated the potential role of IL-17 in secondary brain injury of TBI in a rat model. Our data showed that the levels of IL-17 increased from 6 h to 7 days and peaked at 3 days, in both the CNS and serum, which were consistent with the severity of secondary brain injury. The IL-23 inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) treatment markedly decreased the expressions of IL-17 and apoptosis-associated proteins cleaved caspase-3 and increased the protein ratio of Bcl-2 (B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2)/Bax (Bcl-2-associated X protein). Meanwhile, neuronal apoptosis was reduced, and neural function was improved after SAHA treatment. This study suggests that IL-17 is involved in secondary brain injury after TBI. Administering an IL-23 inhibitor and thereby blocking the IL-23/IL-17 axis may be beneficial in the treatment of TBI.
Collapse
|
47
|
Yan F, Tan X, Wan W, Dixon BJ, Fan R, Enkhjargal B, Li Q, Zhang J, Chen G, Zhang JH. ErbB4 protects against neuronal apoptosis via activation of YAP/PIK3CB signaling pathway in a rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Exp Neurol 2017; 297:92-100. [PMID: 28756200 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal apoptosis is a central pathological process in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced early brain injury. Previous studies indicated that ErbB4 (EGFR family member v-erb-b2 avian erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 4) is essential for normal development and maintenance of the nervous system. In this study, we explored the neuroprotective effects of ErbB4 and its downstream YAP (yes-associated protein)/PIK3CB signaling pathway in early brain injury after SAH in a rat model using the endovascular perforation method. Rats were neurologically evaluated with the Modified Garcia Scale and beam balance test at 24h and 72h after SAH. An ErbB4 activator Neuregulin 1β1 (Nrg 1β1), ErbB4 siRNA and YAP siRNA were used to explore this pathway. The expression of p-ErbB4 and YAP was significantly increased after SAH. Multiple immunofluorescence labeling experiments demonstrated that ErbB4 is mainly expressed in neurons. Activation of ErbB4 and its downstream signals improved the neurological deficits after SAH and significantly reduced neuronal cell death. Inhibition of ErbB4 reduced YAP and PIK3CB expression, and aggravated cell apoptosis. YAP knockdown reduced the PIK3CB level and eliminated the anti-apoptotic effects of ErbB4 activation. These findings indicated that ErbB4 plays a neuroprotective role in early brain injury after SAH, possibly via the YAP/PIK3CB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifeng Wan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Brandon J Dixon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Ruiming Fan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Budbazar Enkhjargal
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Sun D, Gu G, Wang J, Chai Y, Fan Y, Yang M, Xu X, Gao W, Li F, Yin D, Zhou S, Chen X, Zhang J. Administration of Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Attenuates Early Brain Injury via Akt Pathway Activation. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:193. [PMID: 28729823 PMCID: PMC5498474 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of trauma-induced mortality and disability, and emerging studies have shown that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of TBI. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a hydrophilic bile acid, has been reported to act as an ER stress inhibitor and chemical chaperone and to have the potential to attenuate apoptosis and inflammation. To study the effects of TUDCA on brain injury, we subjected mice to TBI with a controlled cortical impact (CCI) device. Using western blotting, we first examined TBI-induced changes in the expression levels of GRP78, an ER stress marker, p-PERK, PERK, p-eIF2a, eIF2a, ATF4, p-Akt, Akt, Pten, Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-12 and CHOP, as well as changes in the mRNA levels of Akt, GRP78, Caspase-12 and CHOP using RT-PCR. Neuronal cell death was assessed by a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay, and CHOP expression in neuronal cells was detected by double-immunofluorescence staining. Neurological and motor deficits were assessed by modified neurological severity scores (mNSS) and beam balance and beam walking tests, and brain water content was also assessed. Our results indicated that ER stress peaked at 72 h after TBI and that TUDCA abolished ER stress and inhibited p-PERK, p-eIF2a, ATF4, Pten, Caspase-12 and CHOP expression levels. Moreover, our results show that TUDCA also improved neurological function and alleviated brain oedema. Additionally, TUDCA increased p-Akt expression and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio. However, the administration of the Akt inhibitor MK2206 or siRNA targeting of Akt abolished the beneficial effects of TUDCA. Taken together, our results indicate that TUDCA may attenuate early brain injury via Akt pathway activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University, General HospitalTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological InstituteTianjin, China
| | - Gang Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University, General HospitalTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological InstituteTianjin, China
| | - Jianhao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University, General HospitalTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological InstituteTianjin, China
| | - Yan Chai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University, General HospitalTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological InstituteTianjin, China
| | - Yueshan Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University, General HospitalTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological InstituteTianjin, China
| | - Mengchen Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University, General HospitalTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological InstituteTianjin, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University, General HospitalTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological InstituteTianjin, China
| | - Weiwei Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University, General HospitalTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological InstituteTianjin, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University, General HospitalTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological InstituteTianjin, China
| | - Dongpei Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University, General HospitalTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological InstituteTianjin, China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University, General HospitalTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological InstituteTianjin, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University, General HospitalTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological InstituteTianjin, China
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University, General HospitalTianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological InstituteTianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhao Q, Che X, Zhang H, Fan P, Tan G, Liu L, Jiang D, Zhao J, Xiang X, Liang Y, Sun X, He Z. Thioredoxin-interacting protein links endoplasmic reticulum stress to inflammatory brain injury and apoptosis after subarachnoid haemorrhage. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:104. [PMID: 28490373 PMCID: PMC5426069 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0878-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Early brain injury (EBI) is considered a major contributor to the high morbidity and mortality associated with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Both of sterile inflammation and apoptosis are considered the important causes of EBI. Recently, it was confirmed that thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) not only participates in inflammatory amplification but also stimulates the apoptosis signalling cascade pathway. However, whether the effects of TXNIP influence the pathogenesis of SAH remains unclear. Here, we hypothesize that TXNIP activity induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) may contribute to the pathogenesis of EBI through pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic mechanisms. Methods A total of 299 male Sprague–Dawley rats were used to create SAH models. Resveratrol (RES, 60 mg/kg) and two TXNIP small interfering RNA (siRNA) were used to inhibit TXNIP expression. The specific inhibitors of ER stress sensors were used to disrupt the link between TXNIP and ER stress. SAH grade, neurological deficits, brain water content and blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability were evaluated simultaneously as prognostic indicators. Fluorescent double-labelling was employed to detect the location of TXNIP in cerebral cells. Western blot and TUNEL were performed to study the mechanisms of TXNIP and EBI. Results We found that TXNIP expression significantly increased after SAH, peaking at 48 h (0.48 ± 0.04, up to 3.2-fold) and decreasing at 72 h after surgery. This process was accompanied by the generation of inflammation-associated factors. TXNIP was expressed in the cytoplasm of neurons and was widely co-localized with TUNEL-positive cells in both the hippocampus and the cortex of SAH rats. We discovered for the first time that TXNIP was co-localized in neural immunocytes (microglia and astrocytes). After administration of RES, TXNIP siRNA and ER stress inhibitors, TXNIP expression was significantly reduced and the crosstalk between TXNIP and ER stress was disrupted; this was accompanied by a reduction in inflammatory and apoptotic factors, as well as attenuation of the prognostic indices. Conclusions These results may represent the critical evidence to support the pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effects of TXNIP after SAH. Our data suggest that TXNIP participates in EBI after SAH by mediating inflammation and apoptosis; these pathways may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for SAH treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0878-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Friendship Road, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Xudong Che
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Friendship Road, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Friendship Road, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Pianpian Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guanping Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Friendship Road, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Friendship Road, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Dengzhi Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Friendship Road, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Friendship Road, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Friendship Road, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yidan Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Friendship Road, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaochuan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Friendship Road, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaohui He
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Friendship Road, 400016, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein Mediates Apoptosis in Early Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Haemorrhage. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040854. [PMID: 28420192 PMCID: PMC5412438 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Early brain injury (EBI) is considered to be the major factor associated with high morbidity and mortality after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Apoptosis is the major pathological mechanism of EBI, and its pathogenesis has not been fully clarified. Here, we report that thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), which is induced by protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum (ER) kinase (PERK), participates in EBI by promoting apoptosis. By using adult male Sprague-Dawley rats to establish SAH models, as well as Terminal dexynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining, immunofluorescence, and western blot, we found that TXNIP expression significantly increased after SAH in comparison to the sham group and peaked at 48 h (up to 3.2-fold). Meanwhile, TXNIP was widely expressed in neurons and colocalized with TUNEL-positive cells in the hippocampus and cortex of SAH rats. After administration of TXNIP inhibitor-resveratrol (60 mg/kg), TXNIP small interfering RNA (siRNA) and the PERK inhibitor GSK2656157, TXNIP expression was significantly reduced, accompanied by an attenuation of apoptosis and prognostic indicators, including SAH grade, neurological deficits, brain water content, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Collectively, these results suggest that TXNIP may participate in EBI after SAH by mediating apoptosis. The blockage of TXNIP induced by PERK could be a potential therapeutic strategy for SAH treatment.
Collapse
|