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Vilela WR, Ramalho LS, Bechara LRG, Cabral-Costa JV, Serna JDC, Kowaltowski AJ, Xavier GF, Ferreira JCB, de Bem AF. Metabolic dysfunction induced by HFD + L-NAME preferentially affects hippocampal mitochondria, impacting spatial memory in rats. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2024; 56:87-99. [PMID: 38374292 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-024-10005-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
High-fat diet-induced metabolic changes are not restricted to the onset of cardiovascular diseases, but also include effects on brain functions related to learning and memory. This study aimed to evaluate mitochondrial markers and function, as well as cognitive function, in a rat model of metabolic dysfunction. Eight-week-old male Wistar rats were subjected to either a control diet or a two-hit protocol combining a high fat diet (HFD) with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME in the drinking water. HFD plus L-NAME induced obesity, hypertension, and increased serum cholesterol. These rats exhibited bioenergetic dysfunction in the hippocampus, characterized by decreased oxygen (O2) consumption related to ATP production, with no changes in H2O2 production. Furthermore, OPA1 protein expression was upregulated in the hippocampus of HFD + L-NAME rats, with no alterations in other morphology-related proteins. Consistently, HFD + L-NAME rats showed disruption of performance in the Morris Water Maze Reference Memory test. The neocortex did not exhibit either bioenergetic changes or alterations in H2O2 production. Calcium uptake rate and retention capacity in the neocortex of HFD + L-NAME rats were not altered. Our results indicate that hippocampal mitochondrial bioenergetic function is disturbed in rats exposed to a HFD plus L-NAME, thus disrupting spatial learning, whereas neocortical function remains unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wembley R Vilela
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Federal District, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 22362, Sweden
| | - Lisley S Ramalho
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Luiz R G Bechara
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - João V Cabral-Costa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Julian D C Serna
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Alicia J Kowaltowski
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Gilberto F Xavier
- Department of Physiology, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508- 090, Brazil
| | - Julio C B Ferreira
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Andreza Fabro de Bem
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Federal District, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
- Brazilian National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil.
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, 581 85, Sweden.
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Shi S, Wang J, Gong H, Huang X, Mu B, Cheng X, Feng B, Jia L, Luo Q, Liu W, Chen Z, Huang C. PGC-1α-Coordinated Hypothalamic Antioxidant Defense Is Linked to SP1-LanCL1 Axis during High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity in Male Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:252. [PMID: 38397850 PMCID: PMC10885970 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
High-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity parallels hypothalamic inflammation and oxidative stress, but the correlations between them are not well-defined. Here, with mouse models targeting the antioxidant gene LanCL1 in the hypothalamus, we demonstrate that impaired hypothalamic antioxidant defense aggravates HFD-induced hypothalamic inflammation and obesity progress, and these could be improved in mice with elevated hypothalamic antioxidant defense. We also show that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), a critical transcriptional coactivator, is implicated in regulating hypothalamic LanCL1 transcription, in collaboration with SP1 through a direct interaction, in response to HFD-induced palmitic acid (PA) accumulation. According to our results, when exposed to HFD, mice undergo a process of overwhelming hypothalamic antioxidant defense; short-time HFD exposure induces ROS production to activate PGC-1α and elevate LanCL1-mediated antioxidant defense, while long-time exposure promotes ubiquitin-mediated PGC-1α degradation and suppresses LanCL1 expression. Our findings show the critical importance of the hypothalamic PGC-1α-SP1-LanCL1 axis in regulating HFD-induced obesity, and provide new insights describing the correlations of hypothalamic inflammation and oxidative stress during this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Shi
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jichen Wang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huan Gong
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.H.); (B.F.)
| | - Bin Mu
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiangyu Cheng
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.H.); (B.F.)
| | - Lanlan Jia
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qihui Luo
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhengli Chen
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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da Silva LE, Abel JS, Tartari G, da Silva MR, de Oliveira MP, Vedova LMD, Mendes TF, Mendes RL, Soares HJ, Vernke CN, Zaccaron RP, Lemos IS, Petronilho F, Silveira PCL, Streck EL, de Ávila RAM, de Mello AH, Rezin GT. Combination of Gold Nanoparticles with Carnitine Attenuates Brain Damage in an Obesity Animal Model. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03984-1. [PMID: 38296901 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03984-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Obesity causes inflammation in the adipose tissue and can affect the central nervous system, leading to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, it becomes necessary to seek new therapeutic alternatives. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) could take carnitine to the adipose tissue, thus increasing fatty acid oxidation, reducing inflammation, and, consequently, restoring brain homeostasis. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of GNPs associated with carnitine on the neurochemical parameters of obesity-induced mice. Eighty male Swiss mice that received a normal lipid diet (control group) or a high-fat diet (obese group) for 10 weeks were used. At the end of the sixth week, the groups were divided for daily treatment with saline, GNPs (70 µg/kg), carnitine (500 mg/kg), or GNPs associated with carnitine, respectively. Body weight was monitored weekly. At the end of the tenth week, the animals were euthanized and the mesenteric fat removed and weighed; the brain structures were separated for biochemical analysis. It was found that obesity caused oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in brain structures. Treatment with GNPs isolated reduced oxidative stress in the hippocampus. Carnitine isolated decreased the accumulation of mesenteric fat and oxidative stress in the hippocampus. The combination of treatments reduced the accumulation of mesenteric fat and mitochondrial dysfunction in the striatum. Therefore, these treatments in isolation, become a promising option for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Espindola da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Do Sul de Santa Catarina, Av. José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, SC, 88704-900, Brazil.
| | - Jessica Silva Abel
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Do Sul de Santa Catarina, Av. José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, SC, 88704-900, Brazil
| | - Gisele Tartari
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Do Sul de Santa Catarina, Av. José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, SC, 88704-900, Brazil
| | - Mariella Reinol da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Do Sul de Santa Catarina, Av. José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, SC, 88704-900, Brazil
| | - Mariana Pacheco de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Do Sul de Santa Catarina, Av. José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, SC, 88704-900, Brazil
| | - Larissa Marques Dela Vedova
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Do Sul de Santa Catarina, Av. José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, SC, 88704-900, Brazil
| | - Talita Farias Mendes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Do Sul de Santa Catarina, Av. José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, SC, 88704-900, Brazil
| | - Rayane Luiz Mendes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Do Sul de Santa Catarina, Av. José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, SC, 88704-900, Brazil
| | - Hevylin Jacintho Soares
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Do Sul de Santa Catarina, Av. José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, SC, 88704-900, Brazil
| | - Camila Nandi Vernke
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Do Sul de Santa Catarina, Av. José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, SC, 88704-900, Brazil
| | - Rubya Pereira Zaccaron
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Do Sul de Santa Catarina, Av. José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, SC, 88704-900, Brazil
| | - Isabela Silva Lemos
- Laboratory of Neurometabolic Diseases, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Pathophysiology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Emilio Luiz Streck
- Laboratory of Neurometabolic Diseases, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Andrez Machado de Ávila
- Pathophysiology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Aline Haas de Mello
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Do Sul de Santa Catarina, Av. José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, SC, 88704-900, Brazil
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4
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Moreno F, Méndez L, Raner A, Miralles-Pérez B, Romeu M, Ramos-Romero S, Torres JL, Medina I. Dietary Marine Oils Selectively Decrease Obesogenic Diet-Derived Carbonylation in Proteins Involved in ATP Homeostasis and Glutamate Metabolism in the Rat Cerebellum. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:103. [PMID: 38247527 PMCID: PMC10812471 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The regular intake of diets high in saturated fat and sugars increases oxidative stress and has been linked to cognitive decline and premature brain aging. The cerebellum is highly vulnerable to oxidative stress and thus, obesogenic diets might be particularly detrimental to this tissue. However, the precise molecular mechanisms behind obesity-related brain damage are still not clear. Since protein carbonylation, a biomarker of oxidative stress, influences protein functions and is involved in metabolic control, the current investigation addressed the effect of long-term high-fat and high-sucrose diet intake on the cerebellum of Sprague-Dawley rats by deciphering the changes caused in the carbonylated proteome. The antioxidant effects of fish oil supplementation on cerebellar carbonylated proteins were also investigated. Lipid peroxidation products and carbonylated proteins were identified and quantified using immunoassays and 2D-LC-MS/MS in the cerebellum. After 21 weeks of nutritional intervention, the obesogenic diet selectively increased carbonylation of the proteins that participate in ATP homeostasis and glutamate metabolism in the cerebellum. Moreover, the data demonstrated that fish oil supplementation restrained carbonylation of the main protein targets oxidatively damaged by the obesogenic diet, and additionally protected against carbonylation of several other proteins involved in amino acid biosynthesis and neurotransmission. Therefore, dietary interventions with fish oils could help the cerebellum to be more resilient to oxidative damage. The results could shed some light on the effect of high-fat and high-sucrose diets on redox homeostasis in the cerebellum and boost the development of antioxidant-based nutritional interventions to improve cerebellum health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Moreno
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas—Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Spain; (F.M.); (A.R.); (I.M.)
- Universidad de Vigo, Circunvalación ao Campus Universitario, E-36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Lucía Méndez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas—Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Spain; (F.M.); (A.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Ana Raner
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas—Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Spain; (F.M.); (A.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Bernat Miralles-Pérez
- Unidad de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, E-43201 Reus, Spain; (B.M.-P.); (M.R.)
| | - Marta Romeu
- Unidad de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, E-43201 Reus, Spain; (B.M.-P.); (M.R.)
| | - Sara Ramos-Romero
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Nutrition & Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain;
- Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya—Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Lluís Torres
- Nutrition & Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain;
- Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya—Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Medina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas—Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Spain; (F.M.); (A.R.); (I.M.)
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Moreno F, Méndez L, Raner A, Miralles-Pérez B, Romeu M, Ramos-Romero S, Torres JL, Medina I. Fish oil supplementation counteracts the effect of high-fat and high-sucrose diets on the carbonylated proteome in the rat cerebral cortex. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115708. [PMID: 37857255 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
High daily intake of saturated fats and refined carbohydrates, which often leads to obesity and overweight, has been associated with cognitive impairment, premature brain aging and the aggravation of neurodegenerative diseases. Although the molecular pathology of obesity-related brain damage is not fully understood, the increased levels of oxidative stress induced by the diet seem to be definitively involved. Being protein carbonylation determinant for protein activity and function and a main consequence of oxidative stress, this study aims to investigate the effect of the long-term high-fat and sucrose diet intake on carbonylated proteome of the cerebral cortex of Sprague-Dawley rats. To achieve this goal, the study identified and quantified the carbonylated proteins and lipid peroxidation products in the cortex, and correlated them with biometrical, biochemical and other redox status parameters. Results demonstrated that the obesogenic diet selectively increased oxidative damage of specific proteins that participate in fundamental pathways for brain function, i.e. energy production, glucose metabolism and neurotransmission. This study also evaluated the antioxidant properties of fish oil to counteract diet-induced brain oxidative damage. Fish oil supplementation demonstrated a stronger capacity to modulate carbonylated proteome in the brain cortex. Data indicated that fish oils did not just decrease carbonylation of proteins affected by the obesogenic diet, but also decreased the oxidative damage of other proteins participating in the same metabolic functions, reinforcing the beneficial effect of the supplement on those pathways. The results could help contribute to the development of successful nutritional-based interventions to prevent cognitive decline and promote brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Moreno
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain; Universidad de Vigo, Spain
| | - Lucía Méndez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
| | - Ana Raner
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Bernat Miralles-Pérez
- Unidad de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, E-43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Marta Romeu
- Unidad de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, E-43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Sara Ramos-Romero
- Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Av Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; Nutrition & Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence, E-08921 Santa Coloma De Gramenet, Spain; Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Lluís Torres
- Nutrition & Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence, E-08921 Santa Coloma De Gramenet, Spain; Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Medina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
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da Silva LE, de Oliveira MP, da Silva MR, Abel JDS, Tartari G, de Aguiar da Costa M, Ludvig Gonçalves C, Rezin GT. L-carnitine and Acetyl-L Carnitine: A Possibility for Treating Alterations Induced by Obesity in the Central Nervous System. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:3316-3326. [PMID: 37495838 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04000-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Excessive consumption of nutrients, as well as obesity, leads to an inflammatory process, especially in adipose tissue. This inflammation reaches the systemic level and, subsequently, the central nervous system (CNS), which can lead to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting in brain damage. Thus, adequate treatment for obesity is necessary, including lifestyle changes (diet adequation and physical activity) and pharmacotherapy. However, these drugs can adversely affect the individual's health. In this sense, searching for new therapeutic alternatives for reestablishing metabolic homeostasis is necessary. L-carnitine (LC) and acetyl-L-carnitine (LAC) have neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in several conditions, including obesity. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct a narrative review of the literature on the effect of LC and LAC on brain damage caused by obesity, in particular, on mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Overall, these findings highlight that LC and LAC may be a promising treatment for recovering REDOX status and mitochondrial dysfunction in the CNS in obesity. Future work should focus on better elucidating the molecular mechanisms behind this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Espindola da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Pacheco de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mariella Reinol da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jéssica da Silva Abel
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gisele Tartari
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Maiara de Aguiar da Costa
- Laboratory of Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Extreme South Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Cinara Ludvig Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Extreme South Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Huerta-Canseco C, Caba M, Camacho-Morales A. Obesity-mediated Lipoinflammation Modulates Food Reward Responses. Neuroscience 2023; 529:37-53. [PMID: 37591331 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of white adipose tissue (WAT) during obesity is associated with the development of chronic low-grade inflammation, a biological process known as lipoinflammation. Systemic and central lipoinflammation accumulates pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in plasma and also in brain, disrupting neurometabolism and cognitive behavior. Obesity-mediated lipoinflammation has been reported in brain regions of the mesocorticolimbic reward circuit leading to alterations in the perception and consumption of ultra-processed foods. While still under investigation, lipoinflammation targets two major outcomes of the mesocorticolimbic circuit during food reward: perception and motivation ("Wanting") and the pleasurable feeling of feeding ("Liking"). This review will provide experimental and clinical evidence supporting the contribution of obesity- or overnutrition-related lipoinflammation affecting the mesocorticolimbic reward circuit and enhancing food reward responses. We will also address neuroanatomical targets of inflammatory profiles that modulate food reward responses during obesity and describe potential cellular and molecular mechanisms of overnutrition linked to addiction-like behavior favored by brain lipoinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mario Caba
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Alberto Camacho-Morales
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, NL, Mexico; Neurometabolism Unit, Center for Research and Development in Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
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8
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Salsinha AS, Socodato R, Rodrigues A, Vale-Silva R, Relvas JB, Pintado M, Rodríguez-Alcalá LM. Potential of omega-3 and conjugated fatty acids to control microglia inflammatory imbalance elicited by obesogenic nutrients. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159331. [PMID: 37172801 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
High-fat diet-induced obesity detrimentally affects brain function by inducing chronic low-grade inflammation. This neuroinflammation is, at least in part, likely to be mediated by microglia, which are the main immune cell population in the brain. Microglia express a wide range of lipid-sensitive receptors and their activity can be modulated by fatty acids that cross the blood-brain barrier. Here, by combining live cell imaging and FRET technology we assessed how different fatty acids modulate microglia activity. We demonstrate that the combined action of fructose and palmitic acid induce Ikβα degradation and nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit nuclear factor kB (NF-κB) in HCM3 human microglia. Such obesogenic nutrients also lead to reactive oxygen species production and LynSrc activation (critical regulators of microglia inflammation). Importantly, short-time exposure to omega-3 (EPA and DHA), CLA and CLNA are sufficient to abolish NF-κB pathway activation, suggesting a potential neuroprotective role. Omega-3 and CLA also show an antioxidant potential by inhibiting reactive oxygen species production, and the activation of LynSrc in microglia. Furthermore, using chemical agonists (TUG-891) and antagonists (AH7614) of GPR120/FFA4, we demonstrated that omega-3, CLA and CLNA inhibition of the NF-κB pathway is mediated by this receptor, while omega-3 and CLA antioxidant potential occurs through different signaling mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Salsinha
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - R Socodato
- Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - A Rodrigues
- Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - R Vale-Silva
- Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - J B Relvas
- Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - M Pintado
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - L M Rodríguez-Alcalá
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
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9
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Huang X, Wang YJ, Xiang Y. Bidirectional communication between brain and visceral white adipose tissue: Its potential impact on Alzheimer's disease. EBioMedicine 2022; 84:104263. [PMID: 36122553 PMCID: PMC9490488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of axes between brain and abdominal organs have been reported, but the interaction between brain and visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT) remains unclear. In this review, we summarized human studies on the association between brain and vWAT, and generalized their interaction and the underlying mechanisms according to animal and cell experiments. On that basis, we come up with the concept of the brain-vWAT axis (BVA). Furthermore, we analyzed the potential mechanisms of involvement of BVA in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including vWAT-derived fatty acids, immunological properties of vWAT, vWAT-derived retinoic acid and vWAT-regulated insulin resistance. The proposal of BVA may expand our understanding to some extent of how the vWAT impacts on brain health and diseases, and provide a novel approach to study the pathogenesis and treatment strategies of neurodegenerative disorders.
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DHA/EPA supplementation decreases anxiety-like behaviour, but it does not ameliorate metabolic profile in obese male rats. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:964-974. [PMID: 34605386 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521003998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health problem that predisposes to several diseases and higher mortality in patients with COVID-19. Obesity also generates neuroinflammation, which predisposes to the development of neuropsychiatric diseases. Since there is a lack of effective treatments for obesity, the search for new strategies to reverse its consequences is urgent. In this perspective, the anti-inflammatory properties of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as DHA/EPA might reduce the harmful effects of obesity. Here, we used the cafeteria diet (CAF) model to induce obesity in Wistar rats. Animals received ultra-processed food for 20 weeks, and DHA/EPA supplementation (500 mg/kg per d) was performed between the 16th and the 20th week. At the end of the experiment, it was evaluated: body weight, visceral fat deposition, plasma glucose, insulin and triglycerides, and it was also measured the levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in plasma and liver, and TNF-α in the prefrontal cortex. The elevated plus maze test was performed to analyse anxiety-like behaviour. Our results demonstrated that DHA/EPA could not reverse weight and fat gain and did not modify plasma dosages. However, there was a decrease in IL-6 in the liver (DHA/EPA effect: P = 0.023) and TNF-α in the brain (CAF compared with CAF + DHA/EPA, P < 0.05). Also, there was a decrease in the anxiety index in CAF + DHA/EPA compared with the CAF group (P < 0.01). Thus, DHA/EPA supplementation is helpful to reverse the consequences of obesity in the brain.
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11
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Cavalheiro EKFF, da Silva LE, Oliveira MP, Silva MG, Damiani AP, Ribeiro CB, Magenis ML, Cucker L, Michels M, Joaquim L, Machado RS, Vilela TC, Bitencourt RM, Andrade VM, Dal-Pizzol F, Petronilho F, Tuon T, Rezin GT. Effects of obesity on neuroinflammatory and neurochemical parameters in an animal model of reserpine-induced Parkinson's disease. Behav Brain Res 2022; 434:114019. [PMID: 35872330 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, affecting the brain's reward system by decreasing dopaminergic neurotransmission. It is known that dopaminergic neurotransmission is also reduced in Parkinson's disease (PD), and high adiposity is considered a risk factor for the development of several neurodegenerative diseases, including PD. This study aimed to assess the effects of obesity on neuroinflammatory and neurochemical parameters in an animal model of reserpine-induced PD. The obese group showed increased inflammation and oxidative damage as well as inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I and II and DNA damage in the evaluated structures. The PD group did not show inflammation or mitochondrial dysfunction but exhibited oxidative damage in the hippocampus. The combination group (obesity + PD) showed reduced inflammation and oxidative stress and increased activity of complexes I and II of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in most of the analyzed structures. On the other hand, obesity + PD caused oxidative damage to proteins in the liver, prefrontal cortex, striatum, and cerebral cortex and oxidative stress in the hypothalamus, resulting in reduced catalase activity. Furthermore, the combination group showed DNA damage in blood, liver, and cerebral cortex. In conclusion, it was observed that the association of obesity and PD did not increase inflammation, oxidative stress, or mitochondrial dysfunction in most of the evaluated structures but increased oxidative damage and induced mechanisms that led to DNA damage in peripheral tissues and brain structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eulla Keimili Fernandes Ferreira Cavalheiro
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Larissa Espindola da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mariana P Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Marina G Silva
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Adriani P Damiani
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, UNESC, Avenida Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Catharina B Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, UNESC, Avenida Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Marina L Magenis
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, UNESC, Avenida Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Luana Cucker
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Monique Michels
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Larissa Joaquim
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Richard Simon Machado
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Thais C Vilela
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Bitencourt
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M Andrade
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, UNESC, Avenida Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabrícia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Talita Tuon
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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12
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da Cruz KLDO, Salla DH, de Oliveira MP, da Silva LE, Dela Vedova LM, Mendes TF, Bressan CBC, Costa AB, da Silva MR, Réus GZ, de Mello AH, Rezin GT. The impact of obesity-related neuroinflammation on postpartum depression: A narrative review. Int J Dev Neurosci 2022; 82:375-384. [PMID: 35595536 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is currently one of the most serious health problems, affecting 13% of the world's adult population. Obesity is characterized by persistent low-grade chronic inflammation that assumes systemic proportions and triggers several associated metabolic diseases. Furthermore, obesity has been associated with an increased occurrence of central disorders such as impaired cognitive function, reward system dysfunction, and depression. In summary, there is a quantitative reduction in the release of neurotransmitters in depression. Postsynaptic cells capture lower concentrations of neurotransmitters, which leads to a functional reduction in the central nervous system (CNS). Globally, approximately 15-65% of women experience depressive symptoms during pregnancy, depending on their location. Depressive symptoms persist in some women, leading to postpartum depression (PPD). Thus, obesity may be considered a risk factor for PPD development. This study aimed to synthesize studies on the impact of obesity-related neuroinflammation and PPD. We conducted a narrative review of the relevant literature. The search was performed in electronic databases, specifically PubMed, selecting articles in English published from 2014 to 2021 using the narrative review methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenia Lourdes de Oliveira da Cruz
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarao, Brazil
| | - Daniele Hendler Salla
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarao, Brazil
| | - Mariana Pacheco de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarao, Brazil
| | - Larissa Espindola da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarao, Brazil
| | - Larissa Marques Dela Vedova
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarao, Brazil
| | - Talita Farias Mendes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarao, Brazil
| | - Catarina Barbosa Chaves Bressan
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarao, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Costa
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarao, Brazil
| | - Mariella Reinol da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarao, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Zilli Réus
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, Brazil
| | - Aline Haas de Mello
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarao, Brazil
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Petermann AB, Reyna-Jeldes M, Ortega L, Coddou C, Yévenes GE. Roles of the Unsaturated Fatty Acid Docosahexaenoic Acid in the Central Nervous System: Molecular and Cellular Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105390. [PMID: 35628201 PMCID: PMC9141004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are essential components of the central nervous system (CNS), where they exert multiple roles in health and disease. Among the FAs, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been widely recognized as a key molecule for neuronal function and cell signaling. Despite its relevance, the molecular pathways underlying the beneficial effects of DHA on the cells of the CNS are still unclear. Here, we summarize and discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of DHA in neural cells with a special focus on processes of survival, morphological development, and synaptic maturation. In addition, we examine the evidence supporting a potential therapeutic role of DHA against CNS tumor diseases and tumorigenesis. The current results suggest that DHA exerts its actions on neural cells mainly through the modulation of signaling cascades involving the activation of diverse types of receptors. In addition, we found evidence connecting brain DHA and ω-3 PUFA levels with CNS diseases, such as depression, autism spectrum disorders, obesity, and neurodegenerative diseases. In the context of cancer, the existing data have shown that DHA exerts positive actions as a coadjuvant in antitumoral therapy. Although many questions in the field remain only partially resolved, we hope that future research may soon define specific pathways and receptor systems involved in the beneficial effects of DHA in cells of the CNS, opening new avenues for innovative therapeutic strategies for CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B. Petermann
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago 8330025, Chile; (M.R.-J.); (L.O.)
| | - Mauricio Reyna-Jeldes
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago 8330025, Chile; (M.R.-J.); (L.O.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica Del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Núcleo para el Estudio del Cáncer a Nivel Básico, Aplicado y Clínico, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile
| | - Lorena Ortega
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago 8330025, Chile; (M.R.-J.); (L.O.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica Del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Núcleo para el Estudio del Cáncer a Nivel Básico, Aplicado y Clínico, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile
| | - Claudio Coddou
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago 8330025, Chile; (M.R.-J.); (L.O.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica Del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Núcleo para el Estudio del Cáncer a Nivel Básico, Aplicado y Clínico, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (G.E.Y.)
| | - Gonzalo E. Yévenes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago 8330025, Chile; (M.R.-J.); (L.O.)
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (G.E.Y.)
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Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Cynara cardunculus (Artichoke) Leaves on Neuroinflammatory and Neurochemical Parameters in a Diet-Induced Mice Obesity Model. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1888-1903. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Nguyen TT, Hulme J, Vo TK, Van Vo G. The Potential Crosstalk Between the Brain and Visceral Adipose Tissue in Alzheimer's Development. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1503-1512. [PMID: 35298764 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03569-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The bidirectional communication between the brain and peripheral organs have been widely documented, but the impact of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) dysfunction and its relation to structural and functional brain changes have yet to be fully elucidated. This review initially examines the clinical evidence supporting associations between the brain and VAT before visiting the roles of the autonomic nervous system, fat and glucose metabolism, neuroinflammation, and metabolites. Finally, the possible effects and potential mechanisms of the brain-VAT axis on the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease are discussed, providing new insights regarding future prevention and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Trang Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - John Hulme
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 461-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tuong Kha Vo
- Vietnam Sports Hospital, Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam.,Department of Sports Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy (VNU-UMP), Vietnam National University Hanoi, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Giau Van Vo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam. .,Research Center for Genetics and Reproductive Health (CGRH), School of Medicine, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam. .,Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.
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16
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Lv S, Qin R, Jiang Y, Lv H, Lu Q, Tao S, Huang L, Liu C, Xu X, Wang Q, Li M, Li Z, Ding Y, Song C, Jiang T, Ma H, Jin G, Xia Y, Wang Z, Geng S, Du J, Lin Y, Hu Z. Association of Maternal Dietary Patterns during Gestation and Offspring Neurodevelopment. Nutrients 2022; 14:730. [PMID: 35215380 PMCID: PMC8878236 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The health effects of diet are long term and persistent. Few cohort studies have investigated the influence of maternal dietary patterns during different gestational periods on offspring's health outcomes. This study investigated the associations between maternal dietary patterns in the mid- and late-gestation and infant's neurodevelopment at 1 year of age in the Jiangsu Birth Cohort (JBC) Study. A total of 1178 mother-child pairs were available for analysis. A semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to investigate dietary intake at 22-26 and 30-34 gestational weeks (GWs). Neurodevelopment of children aged 1 year old was assessed using Bayley-Ⅲ Screening Test. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Poisson regression were used to extract dietary patterns and to investigate the association between dietary patterns and infant neurodevelopment. After adjusting for potential confounders, the maternal 'Aquatic products, Fresh vegetables and Homonemeae' pattern in the second trimester was associated with a lower risk of being non-competent in cognitive and gross motor development, respectively (cognition: aRR = 0.84; 95% CI 0.74-0.94; gross motor: aRR = 0.80; 95% CI 0.71-0.91), and the similar pattern, 'Aquatic products and Homonemeae', in the third trimester also showed significant association with decreased risk of failing age-appreciate cognitive and receptive communication development (cognition: aRR = 0.89; 95% CI 0.80-0.98; receptive communication: aRR = 0.91; 95% CI 0.84-0.99). Notably, adherence to the dietary pattern with relatively high aquatic and homonemeae products in both trimesters demonstrated remarkable protective effects on child neurodevelopment with the risk of being non-competent in cognitive and gross motor development decreasing by 59% (95% CI 0.21-0.79) and 63% (95% CI 0.18-0.77), respectively. Our findings suggested that adherence to the 'Aquatic products and Homonemeae' dietary pattern during pregnancy may have optimal effects on offspring's neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Toxicology and Nutritional Science, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Rui Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
| | - Yangqian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
| | - Hong Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Qun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (Y.D.); (Z.W.)
| | - Shiyao Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
| | - Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (Y.D.); (Z.W.)
| | - Cong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (Y.D.); (Z.W.)
| | - Qingru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
| | - Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ye Ding
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (Y.D.); (Z.W.)
| | - Ci Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
| | - Hongxia Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhixu Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (Y.D.); (Z.W.)
| | - Shanshan Geng
- Department of Toxicology and Nutritional Science, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jiangbo Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (Y.D.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhibin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
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Garrel G, Rouch C, L’Hôte D, Tazi S, Kassis N, Giton F, Dairou J, Dournaud P, Gressens P, Magnan C, Cruciani-Guglielmacci C, Cohen-Tannoudji J. Disruption of Pituitary Gonadotrope Activity in Male Rats After Short- or Long-Term High-Fat Diets Is Not Associated With Pituitary Inflammation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:877999. [PMID: 35498414 PMCID: PMC9043610 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.877999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Overnutrition is associated with the activation of inflammatory pathways in metabolically linked organs and an early hypothalamic inflammation is now known to disrupt the central control of metabolic function. Because we demonstrated that fatty acids (FA) target the pituitary and affect gonadotropin synthesis, we asked whether overnutrition induces pituitary inflammation that may contribute to obesity-associated disorders in the control of reproduction. We analyzed pituitary inflammation and hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis in male rats fed a short- (4 weeks) or long-term (20 weeks) high-fat diet. The effect of diet enrichment with the ω3 polyunsaturated FA, DHA, was also analyzed. After only 4 weeks and before weight gain of rats, high-fat diet caused a significant decrease in pituitary gonadotropin and hypothalamic GnRH transcript levels despite unchanged testosterone and inhibin B levels. Contrasting with the hypothalamus, there was no concomitant increases in gene expression of pituitary inflammatory mediators and even a reduction of prototypical cytokines such as interleukin-1β and TNF-α. No inflammation was still detected in the pituitary after 20 weeks although gonadotropin transcripts and circulating levels were still altered. Gonadotropins were the only pituitary hormones remaining affected at this stage of the regimen, underlying a differential susceptibility of pituitary lineages to metabolic disorders. DHA enrichment of the diet did not prevent alterations of gonadotrope activity due to either a long- or a short-term high-fat diet although it blocked early hypothalamic inflammation and attenuated several metabolic effects. Taken together, our findings suggest that high-fat diet-induced defects in gonadotrope activity in male rats occurred despite a lack of pituitary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghislaine Garrel
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Claude Rouch
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - David L’Hôte
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Salma Tazi
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Nadim Kassis
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Frank Giton
- AP-HP, Pôle biologie-Pathologie Henri Mondor, Inserm IMRB U955, Créteil, France
| | - Julien Dairou
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Christophe Magnan
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | | | - Joëlle Cohen-Tannoudji
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Joëlle Cohen-Tannoudji,
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18
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Lorena FB, do Nascimento BPP, Camargo ELRA, Bernardi MM, Fukushima AR, do N Panizza J, de B Nogueira P, Brandão MES, Ribeiro MO. Long-term obesity is associated with depression and neuroinflammation. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2021; 65:537-548. [PMID: 34714995 PMCID: PMC10528574 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity is characterized by a state of chronic, low-intensity systemic inflammation frequently associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. METHODS Given that chronic inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of mood disorders, we investigated if chronic obesity that was initiated early in life - lasting through adulthood - could be more harmful to memory impairment and mood fluctuations such as depression. RESULTS Here we show that pre-pubertal male rats (30 days old) treated with a high-fat diet (40%) for 8-months gained ~50% more weight when compared to controls, exhibited depression and anxiety-like behaviors but no memory impairment. The prefrontal cortex of the obese rats exhibited an increase in the expression of genes related to inflammatory response, such as NFKb, MMP9, CCl2, PPARb, and PPARg. There were no alterations in genes known to be related to depression. CONCLUSION Long-lasting obesity with onset in prepuberal age led to depression and neuroinflammation but not to memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda B Lorena
- Programa de Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Medicina Translacional, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Bruna P P do Nascimento
- Programa de Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Medicina Translacional, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Esther L R A Camargo
- Programa de Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Departamento de Pesquisa e Extensão, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde IGESP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Maria M Bernardi
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - André R Fukushima
- Departamento de Pesquisa e Extensão, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde IGESP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Julia do N Panizza
- Programa de Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Paula de B Nogueira
- Programa de Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Marllos E S Brandão
- Programa de Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Medicina Translacional, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Departamento de Pesquisa e Extensão, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde IGESP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Miriam O Ribeiro
- Programa de Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brasil,
- Medicina Translacional, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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19
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Obesity Animal Models for Acupuncture and Related Therapy Research Studies. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6663397. [PMID: 34630614 PMCID: PMC8497105 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6663397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and related diseases are considered as pandemic representing a worldwide threat for health. Animal models are critical to validate the effects and understand the mechanisms related to classical or innovative preventive and therapeutic strategies. It is, therefore, important to identify the best animal models for translational research, using different evaluation criteria such as the face, construct, and predictive validity. Because the pharmacological treatments and surgical interventions currently used for treating obesity often present many undesirable side effects, relatively high relapse probabilities, acupuncture, electroacupuncture (EA), and related therapies have gained more popularity and attention. Many kinds of experimental animal models have been used for obesity research studies, but in the context of acupuncture, most of the studies were performed in rodent obesity models. Though, are these obesity rodent models really the best for acupuncture or related therapies research studies? In this study, we review different obesity animal models that have been used over the past 10 years for acupuncture and EA research studies. We present their respective advantages, disadvantages, and specific constraints. With the development of research on acupuncture and EA and the increasing interest regarding these approaches, proper animal models are critical for preclinical studies aiming at developing future clinical trials in the human. The aim of the present study is to provide researchers with information and guidance related to the preclinical models that are currently available to investigate the outcomes of acupuncture and related therapies.
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20
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Fatty acids role on obesity induced hypothalamus inflammation: From problem to solution – A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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Mollica MP, Trinchese G, Cimmino F, Penna E, Cavaliere G, Tudisco R, Musco N, Manca C, Catapano A, Monda M, Bergamo P, Banni S, Infascelli F, Lombardi P, Crispino M. Milk Fatty Acid Profiles in Different Animal Species: Focus on the Potential Effect of Selected PUFAs on Metabolism and Brain Functions. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041111. [PMID: 33800688 PMCID: PMC8066999 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk contains several important nutrients that are beneficial for human health. This review considers the nutritional qualities of essential fatty acids (FAs), especially omega-3 (ω-3) and omega-6 (ω-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) present in milk from ruminant and non-ruminant species. In particular, the impact of milk fatty acids on metabolism is discussed, including its effects on the central nervous system. In addition, we presented data indicating how animal feeding—the main way to modify milk fat composition—may have a potential impact on human health, and how rearing and feeding systems strongly affect milk quality within the same animal species. Finally, we have presented the results of in vivo studies aimed at supporting the beneficial effects of milk FA intake in animal models, and the factors limiting their transferability to humans were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P. Mollica
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.P.M.); (G.T.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (M.C.)
- BAT Center—Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Trinchese
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.P.M.); (G.T.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (M.C.)
- BAT Center—Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiano Cimmino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.P.M.); (G.T.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Eduardo Penna
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.P.M.); (G.T.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Gina Cavaliere
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.P.M.); (G.T.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Raffaella Tudisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy; (R.T.); (N.M.); (F.I.); (P.L.)
| | - Nadia Musco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy; (R.T.); (N.M.); (F.I.); (P.L.)
| | - Claudia Manca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (C.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Angela Catapano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.P.M.); (G.T.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (M.C.)
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marcellino Monda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetics and Sports Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Paolo Bergamo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100 Avellino, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-08-2529-9506
| | - Sebastiano Banni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (C.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Federico Infascelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy; (R.T.); (N.M.); (F.I.); (P.L.)
| | - Pietro Lombardi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy; (R.T.); (N.M.); (F.I.); (P.L.)
| | - Marianna Crispino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.P.M.); (G.T.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (M.C.)
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22
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Prá M, Ferreira GK, de Mello AH, Uberti MF, Engel NA, Costa AB, Zepon KM, Francisco GG, Hlavac NRC, Terra SR, Garcez ML, Zaccaron RP, Mendes C, Tschoeke ACP, Kanis LA, Budni J, Silveira PCL, Petronilho F, da Silva Paula MM, Rezin GT. Treatment with isolated gold nanoparticles reverses brain damage caused by obesity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 120:111392. [PMID: 33545808 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we performed two experiments. In the first experiment, the objective was to link gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with sodium diclofenac and/or soy lecithin and to determine their concentration in tissues and their toxicity using hepatic and renal analyzes in mice to evaluate their safety as therapeutic agents in the subsequent treatment of obesity. In the second experiment, we evaluated the effect of GNPs on inflammatory and biochemical parameters in obese mice. In the first experiment, we synthesized and characterized 18 nm GNPs that were administered intraperitoneally in isolation or in association with sodium diclofenac and/or soy lecithin in mice once daily for 1 or 14 days. Twenty-four hours after the single or final administration, the animals were euthanized, following which the tissues were removed for evaluating the concentration of GNPs, and serum samples were collected for hepatic and renal analysis. Hepatic damage was evaluated based on the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), whereas renal damage was evaluated based on creatinine levels. A higher concentration of GNPs was detected in the tissues upon administration for 14 days, and there were no signs of hepatic or renal damage. In the second experiment, the mice were used as animal models of obesity and were fed a high-fat diet (obese group) and control diet (control group). After eight weeks of high-fat diet administration, the mice were treated with saline or with GNPs (average size of 18 nm) at a concentration of 70 mg/L (70 mg/kg) once a day, for 14 days, for 10 weeks. Body weight and food intake were measured frequently. After the experiment ended, the animals were euthanized, serum samples were collected for glucose and lipid profile analysis, the mesenteric fat content was weighed, and the brains were removed for inflammatory and biochemical analysis. In obese mice, although GNP administration did not reduce body and mesenteric fat weight, it reduced food intake. The glucose levels were reversed upon administration of GNPs, whereas the lipid profile was not altered in any of the groups. GNPs exerted a beneficial effect on inflammation and oxidative stress parameters, without reverting mitochondrial dysfunction. Our results indicate that the intraperitoneal administration of GNPs for 14 days results in a significant GNP concentration in adipose tissues, which could be an interesting finding for the treatment of inflammation associated with obesity. Based on the efficacy of GNPs in reducing dietary intake, inflammation, and oxidative stress, they can be considered potential alternative agents for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgana Prá
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia dos Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Haas de Mello
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia dos Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Marcela Fornari Uberti
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia dos Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Nicole Alessandra Engel
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia dos Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Costa
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia dos Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Karine Modolon Zepon
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Guzatti Francisco
- Laboratório de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Nicole Regina Capacchi Hlavac
- Laboratório de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Silvia Resende Terra
- Laboratório de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Michelle Lima Garcez
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Rubya Pereira Zaccaron
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Carolini Mendes
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Alberto Kanis
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Josiane Budni
- Laboratório de Neurologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabrícia Petronilho
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia dos Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Marcos Marques da Silva Paula
- Departamento de Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia dos Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
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23
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Malbert CH, Val-Laillet D, Meurice P, Lallès JP, Delarue J. Contrasted central effects of n-3 versus n-6 diets on brain functions in diet-induced obesity in minipigs. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 25:1453-1465. [PMID: 33427097 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1866881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION N3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) exert anti-inflammatory effects for the hypothalamus, but their extra-hypothalamic outcome lack documentation. We evaluated the central consequences of the substitution of saturated fatty acids with n-3 or n-6 PUFA in obesogenic diets. METHODS Twenty-one miniature pigs were fed ad libitum obesogenic diets enriched in fat provided either as lard, fish oil (source for n-3 PUFAs), or sunflower oil (source for n-6 PUFAs) for ten weeks. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability was quantified by CT perfusion. Central autonomic network was evaluated using heart rate variability, and PET 18FDG was performed to assess brain metabolism. RESULTS BBB permeability was higher in lard group, but heart rate variability changed only in fish oil group. Brain connectivity analysis and voxel-based comparisons show regional differences between groups except for the cingulate cortex in fish oil vs. sunflower oil groups. DISCUSSION : The minute changes in brain metabolism in obese pigs feed with fish oil compared with saturated fatty acids were sufficient to induce detrimental changes in heart rate variability. On the contrary, the BBB's decreased permeability in n-3 and n-6 PUFAs groups was protective against an obesity-driven damaged BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Val-Laillet
- INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer, NuMeCan, Saint-Gilles, France
| | - Paul Meurice
- INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer, NuMeCan, Saint-Gilles, France
| | - Jean-Paul Lallès
- Division of Human Nutrition, INRAE, SDAR, Domaine de la Motte, Le Rheu, France
| | - Jacques Delarue
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Laboratory of Human Nutrition, Hospital University/Faculty of Medicine/University of Brest, France
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24
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Mullins CA, Gannaban RB, Khan MS, Shah H, Siddik MAB, Hegde VK, Reddy PH, Shin AC. Neural Underpinnings of Obesity: The Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Brain. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9101018. [PMID: 33092099 PMCID: PMC7589608 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9101018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity prevalence is increasing at an unprecedented rate throughout the world, and is a strong risk factor for metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurological/neurodegenerative disorders. While low-grade systemic inflammation triggered primarily by adipose tissue dysfunction is closely linked to obesity, inflammation is also observed in the brain or the central nervous system (CNS). Considering that the hypothalamus, a classical homeostatic center, and other higher cortical areas (e.g. prefrontal cortex, dorsal striatum, hippocampus, etc.) also actively participate in regulating energy homeostasis by engaging in inhibitory control, reward calculation, and memory retrieval, understanding the role of CNS oxidative stress and inflammation in obesity and their underlying mechanisms would greatly help develop novel therapeutic interventions to correct obesity and related comorbidities. Here we review accumulating evidence for the association between ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, the main culprits responsible for oxidative stress and inflammation in various brain regions, and energy imbalance that leads to the development of obesity. Potential beneficial effects of natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds on CNS health and obesity are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn A. Mullins
- Neurobiology of Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (C.A.M.); (R.B.G.); (H.S.)
| | - Ritchel B. Gannaban
- Neurobiology of Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (C.A.M.); (R.B.G.); (H.S.)
| | - Md Shahjalal Khan
- Obesity and Metabolic Health Laboratory, Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.S.K.); (M.A.B.S.); (V.K.H.)
| | - Harsh Shah
- Neurobiology of Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (C.A.M.); (R.B.G.); (H.S.)
| | - Md Abu B. Siddik
- Obesity and Metabolic Health Laboratory, Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.S.K.); (M.A.B.S.); (V.K.H.)
| | - Vijay K. Hegde
- Obesity and Metabolic Health Laboratory, Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.S.K.); (M.A.B.S.); (V.K.H.)
| | - P. Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - Andrew C. Shin
- Neurobiology of Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (C.A.M.); (R.B.G.); (H.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-806-834-1713
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25
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Emílio-Silva MT, Rodrigues VP, Bueno G, Ohara R, Martins MG, Horta-Júnior JAC, Branco LGS, Rocha LRM, Hiruma-Lima CA. Hypothermic Effect of Acute Citral Treatment during LPS-induced Systemic Inflammation in Obese Mice: Reduction of Serum TNF-α and Leptin Levels. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1454. [PMID: 33080865 PMCID: PMC7603063 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Citral is a mixture of monoterpenes present in the essential oil of several plants, such as Cymbopogon citratus and Zingiber officinale, possessing anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcerogenic, and antipyretic actions. We investigated the action of citral on body temperature (Tb) and inflammatory signaling in eutrophic and obese mice during Systemic Inflammation (SI) induced by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Thus, we assessed the effect of citral (25, 100, and 300 mg/kg) and ibuprofen in LPS-induced SI in Swiss male mice fed a standard diet (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Following SI induction, we measured Tb and collected the serum, hypothalamus, and gastric mucosa for biochemical measurements. Acute treatment with citral decreased the Tb of both SD and HFD-fed animals. Citral (300 mg/kg) treatment caused a significantly lower Tb variation in HFD-fed animals than in those fed the SD. Citral reduced peripheral levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in SD and HFD mice and decreased serum leptin concentration in HFD mice 90 min after the LPS challenge. Furthermore, citral also reduced interleukin (IL)-6 levels in the hypothalamus of obese mice. In summary, citral effectively reduced Tb during SI by reducing inflammatory mediators with a distinct action profile in HFD mice when compared with SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maycon T. Emílio-Silva
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Physiology), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-970, Brazil; (M.T.E.-S.); (V.P.R.); (G.B.); (R.O.); (L.R.M.R.)
| | - Vinicius P. Rodrigues
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Physiology), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-970, Brazil; (M.T.E.-S.); (V.P.R.); (G.B.); (R.O.); (L.R.M.R.)
| | - Gabriela Bueno
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Physiology), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-970, Brazil; (M.T.E.-S.); (V.P.R.); (G.B.); (R.O.); (L.R.M.R.)
| | - Rie Ohara
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Physiology), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-970, Brazil; (M.T.E.-S.); (V.P.R.); (G.B.); (R.O.); (L.R.M.R.)
| | - Marina G. Martins
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil;
| | - José A. C. Horta-Júnior
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Anatomy), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-689, Brazil;
| | - Luiz G. S. Branco
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-904, Brazil;
| | - Lúcia R. M. Rocha
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Physiology), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-970, Brazil; (M.T.E.-S.); (V.P.R.); (G.B.); (R.O.); (L.R.M.R.)
| | - Clélia A. Hiruma-Lima
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Physiology), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-970, Brazil; (M.T.E.-S.); (V.P.R.); (G.B.); (R.O.); (L.R.M.R.)
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26
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Parolini C. Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: Efficacy on inflammatory-based disorders. Life Sci 2020; 263:118591. [PMID: 33069735 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a physiological response to injury, stimulating tissue repair and regeneration. However, the presence of peculiar individual conditions can negatively perturb the resolution phase eventually leading to a state of low-grade systemic chronic inflammation, characterized by tissue and organ damages and increased susceptibility to non-communicable disease. Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), mainly eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are able to influence many aspects of this process. Experiments performed in various animal models of obesity, Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis have demonstrated that n-3 PUFAs can modulate the basic mechanisms as well as the disease progression. This review describes the available data from experimental studies to the clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Parolini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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27
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de Farias BX, Costa AB, Engel NA, de Souza Goldim MP, da Rosa Turatti C, Cargnin-Cavalho A, Fortunato JJ, Petronilho F, Jeremias IC, Rezin GT. Donepezil Prevents Inhibition of Cerebral Energetic Metabolism Without Altering Behavioral Parameters in Animal Model of Obesity. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:2487-2498. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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28
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Demers G, Roy J, Machuca-Parra AI, Dashtehei Pour Z, Bairamian D, Daneault C, Rosiers CD, Ferreira G, Alquier T, Fulton S. Fish oil supplementation alleviates metabolic and anxiodepressive effects of diet-induced obesity and associated changes in brain lipid composition in mice. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 44:1936-1945. [PMID: 32546855 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-0623-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity significantly elevates the odds of developing mood disorders. Chronic consumption of a saturated high-fat diet (HFD) elicits anxiodepressive behavior in a manner linked to metabolic dysfunction and neuroinflammation in mice. Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) can improve both metabolic and mood impairments by relieving inflammation. Despite these findings, the effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation on energy homeostasis, anxiodepressive behavior, brain lipid composition, and gliosis in the diet-induced obese state are unclear. METHODS Male C57Bl/6J mice were fed a saturated high-fat diet (HFD) or chow for 20 weeks. During the last 5 weeks mice received daily gavage ("supplementation") of fish oil (FO) enriched with equal amounts of docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or control corn oil. Food intake and body weight were measured throughout while additional metabolic parameters and anxiety- and despair-like behavior (elevated-plus maze, light-dark box, and forced swim tasks) were evaluated during the final week of supplementation. Forebrain lipid composition and markers of microglia activation and astrogliosis were assessed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and real-time PCR, respectively. RESULTS Five weeks of FO supplementation corrected glucose intolerance and attenuated hyperphagia in HFD-induced obese mice without affecting adipose mass. FO supplementation also defended against the anxiogenic and depressive-like effects of HFD. Brain lipids, particularly anti-inflammatory PUFA, were diminished by HFD, whereas FO restored levels beyond control values. Gene expression markers of brain reactive gliosis were supressed by FO. CONCLUSIONS Supplementing a saturated HFD with FO rich in EPA and DHA corrects glucose intolerance, inhibits food intake, suppresses anxiodepressive behaviors, enhances anti-inflammatory brain lipids, and dampens indices of brain gliosis in obese mice. Together, these findings support increasing dietary n-3 PUFA for the treatment of metabolic and mood disturbances associated with excess fat intake and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Demers
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.,Departments of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, MontrealQC, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Jerome Roy
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Arturo Israel Machuca-Parra
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.,Departments of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Zahra Dashtehei Pour
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.,Departments of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, MontrealQC, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Diane Bairamian
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.,Departments of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, MontrealQC, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | - Christine Des Rosiers
- Departments of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, MontrealQC, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Guillaume Ferreira
- Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology Unit, UMR1296 INRA - Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Food4BrainHealth France-Canada International Research Network, Bordeaux, France
| | - Thierry Alquier
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.,Departments of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Food4BrainHealth France-Canada International Research Network, Bordeaux, France
| | - Stephanie Fulton
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada. .,Departments of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, MontrealQC, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada. .,Food4BrainHealth France-Canada International Research Network, Bordeaux, France.
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29
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Ibrahim Fouad G. Combination of Omega 3 and Coenzyme Q10 Exerts Neuroprotective Potential Against Hypercholesterolemia-Induced Alzheimer's-Like Disease in Rats. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:1142-1155. [PMID: 32124160 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-02996-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia that progressively disrupts neurocognitive function, which has neither cure nor effective treatment. Hypercholesterolemia might be involved in brain alterations that could evolve into AD. The present study aims to evaluate the potential of omega-3, Co-enzyme Q10 (Co-Q10), as well as their combination in ameliorating hypercholesterolemia-initiated AD-like disease. We adapted a hypercholesterolemic (HC) rat model, a model of oxidative stress-mediated neurodegeneration, to study AD-like pathology. Hypercholesterolemia resulted in increased lipid peroxidation coupled with declined nitric oxide production, reduced glutathione levels, and decreased antioxidant activities of glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the brain. Moreover, hypercholesterolemia resulted in decreased acetylcholine (ACh) levels and increased acetylcholine-esterase (AChE) activity, along with an increment of tumor necrosis factor and amyloid-β 42. Behaviorally, HC-rats demonstrated depressive-like behavior and declined memory. Treatment of HC-rats with omega-3 and Co-Q10 (alone or in combination) alleviated the brain oxidative stress and inflammation, regulated cholinergic functioning, and enhanced the functional outcome. These findings were verified by the histopathological investigation of brain tissues. This neuroprotective potential of omega-3 and Co-Q10 was achieved through anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-amyloidogenic, pro-cholinergic, and memory-enhancing activities against HC-induced AD-like disease; suggesting that they may be useful as prophylactic and therapeutic agents against the neurotoxic effects of hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadha Ibrahim Fouad
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
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30
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Docosahexaenoic acid slows inflammation resolution and impairs the quality of healed skin tissue. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:2345-2360. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20190753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
There is no consensus on the effects of omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids (FA) on cutaneous repair. To solve this problem, we used 2 different approaches: (1) FAT-1 transgenic mice, capable of producing endogenous ω-3 FA; (2) wild-type (WT) mice orally supplemented with DHA-enriched fish oil. FAT-1 mice had higher systemic (serum) and local (skin tissue) ω-3 FA levels, mainly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in comparison with WT mice. FAT-1 mice had increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and content of CXCL-1 and CXCL-2, and reduced IL-10 in the skin wound tissue three days after the wound induction. Inflammation was maintained by an elevated TNF-α concentration and presence of inflammatory cells and edema. Neutrophils and macrophages, isolated from FAT-1 mice, also produced increased TNF-α and reduced IL-10 levels. In these mice, the wound closure was delayed, with a wound area 6-fold bigger in relation with WT group, on the last day of analysis (14 days post-wounding). This was associated with poor orientation of collagen fibers and structural aspects in repaired tissue. Similarly, DHA group had a delay during late inflammatory phase. This group had increased TNF-α content and CD45+F4/80+ cells at the third day after skin wounding and increased concentrations of important metabolites derived from ω-3, like 18-HEPE, and reduced concentrations of those from ω-6 FA. In conclusion, elevated DHA content, achieved in both FAT-1 and DHA groups, slowed inflammation resolution and impaired the quality of healed skin tissue.
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31
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Wang JF, Zhang HM, Li YY, Xia S, Wei Y, Yang L, Wang D, Ye JJ, Li HX, Yuan J, Pan RR. A combination of omega-3 and plant sterols regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in individuals with impaired glucose regulation: a randomized and controlled clinical trial. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:106. [PMID: 31043161 PMCID: PMC6495649 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1048-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lipid metabolism imbalance has been recognized as one of the major drivers of impaired glucose metabolism in the context of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the rates of which are steadily increasing worldwide. Impaired glucose regulation (IGR) plays a vital role in the prevention and treatment of T2DM. The goal of this study was to further clarify whether the combination of plant sterols (PS) and omega-3 fatty acids yields any synergistic effect that enhances the prevention and treatment of IGR. Methods A total of 200 participants were randomized to receive PS and omega-3 fatty acids (n = 50), PS alone (n = 50), omega-3 fatty acids alone (n = 50), or placebo soy bean powder plus placebo capsules (n = 50) for 12 weeks. Patient characteristics including body composition, blood pressure, glucose metabolism (Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FINS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)), lipid metabolism (TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C) and inflammatory factors (Hs-CRP, IL-6) were all monitored in these IGR individuals. Results Compared to the placebo group, the group receiving the combined intervention exhibited significantly decreased TG, HDL-C, FBG, HOMA-IR and HbA1c. Omega-3 fatty acids alone were associated with significant reductions in waistline, TG, FBG, HOMA-IR and Hs-CRP. PS alone was only associated with decreased TG and Hs-CRP. No interventions produced significant changes in body weight, BMI, blood pressure, FINS, body fat percentage, visceral fat rating, TC, LDL-C or IL-6. Conclusions In summary, this study has demonstrated for the first time that PS, omega-3 fatty acids or the combination thereof significantly improved inflammation, insulin resistance, as well as glucose and lipid metabolism in IGR individuals. These findings may provide a scientific basis for the development of nutritional products incorporating PS and omega-3 fatty acids, and also for the development of nutritional supplement strategies aimed at preventing the development of disease in the IGR population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Fang Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Hai-Ming Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Yan-Yan Li
- Division of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Song Xia
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang District, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Yin Wei
- Division of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Division of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Jing-Jing Ye
- Division of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Hao-Xiang Li
- Division of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Division of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Rui-Rong Pan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang District, Jiangsu, 212000, China.
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