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Zeng Y, Xiong L, Tang H, Chen L, Yu Q, Li L, Chen F, Li L, Zheng Y, Sun J, She L, Wang W, Liang G, Zhao X. Norboldine improves cognitive impairment and pathological features in Alzheimer's disease by activating AMPK/GSK3β/Nrf2 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118498. [PMID: 38944357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm is a common traditional herb that has multiple bioactivities. Radix Linderae (LR), the dry roots of Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm, is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, first found in Kaibao Era. Norboldine (Nor) is an alkaloid extracted from LR and is one of the primary active ingredients of LR. However, the pharmacological functions and mechanism of Nor in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are still unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of Nor therapy in improving the cognitive impairment and pathological features of 3 × Tg mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS 3 × Tg mice were treated with two concentrations of Nor for one month and then the memory and cognitive abilities of mice were assessed by novel object recognition experiment and Morris water maze. The impact of Nor on the pathology of ADwere examined in PC12 cells and animal tissues using western blotting and immunofluorescence. Finally, western blotting was used to verify the anti-apoptotic effect of Nor by activating AMPK/GSK3β/Nrf2 signaling pathway at animal and cellular levels. RESULTS In this study, we showed that Nor treatment improved the capacity of the learning and memory of 3 × Tg mice and alleviated AD pathology such as Aβ deposition. In addition, Nor restored the abnormalities of mitochondrial membrane potential, significantly reduced the production of intracellular ROS and neuronal cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, we combined network pharmacology and experimental verification to show that Nor may exert antioxidant stress and anti-apoptotic through the AMPK/GSK3β/Nrf2 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our data provide some evidence that Nor exerts a neuroprotective effect through the AMPK/GSK3β/Nrf2 pathway, thereby improving cognitive impairment in AD model mice. Natural products derived from traditional Chinese medicines are becoming increasingly popular in the process of new drug development and discovery, and our findings provide new perspectives for the discovery of improved treatment strategies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zeng
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311399, China.
| | - Li Xiong
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311399, China.
| | - Hao Tang
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311399, China.
| | - Linjie Chen
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311399, China.
| | - Qin Yu
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311399, China.
| | - Liwei Li
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311399, China.
| | - Fan Chen
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311399, China.
| | - Luyao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
| | - Yanyan Zheng
- Affiliated Wenzhou Third Clinical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325200, China.
| | - Jinfeng Sun
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311399, China.
| | - Lingyu She
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311399, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311399, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311399, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
| | - Xia Zhao
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311399, China.
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Kim JS, Kim JH, Eo H, Ju IG, Son SR, Kim JW, Jang DS, Oh MS. Inulae Flos has Anti-Depressive Effects by Suppressing Neuroinflammation and Recovering Dysfunction of HPA-axis. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:8038-8050. [PMID: 38457106 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04094-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a debilitating mood disorder that causes persistent feelings of sadness, emptiness, and a loss of joy. However, the clinical efficacy of representative drugs for depression, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, remains controversial. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more effective therapies to treat depression. Neuroinflammation and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are pivotal factors in depression. Inulae Flos (IF), the flower of Inula japonica Thunb, is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study explored whether IF alleviates depression in both in vitro and in vivo models. For in vitro studies, we treated BV2 and PC12 cells damaged by lipopolysaccharides or corticosterone (CORT) with IF to investigate the mechanisms of depression. For in vivo studies, C57BL/6 mice were exposed to chronic restraint stress and were administered IF at doses of 0, 100, and 300 mg/kg for 2 weeks. IF inhibited pro-inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and interleukins in BV2 cells. Moreover, IF increased the viability of CORT-damaged PC12 cells by modulating protein kinase B, a mammalian target of the rapamycin pathway. Behavioral assessments demonstrated that IF reduced depression-like behaviors in mice. We found that IF reduced the activation of microglia and astrocytes, and regulated synapse plasticity in the mice brains. Furthermore, IF lowered elevated CORT levels in the plasma and restored glucocorticoid receptor expression in the hypothalamus. Collectively, these findings suggest that IF can alleviate depression by mitigating neuroinflammation and recovering dysfunction of the HPA-axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Se Kim
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyoon Eo
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Gyoung Ju
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science and Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ri Son
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Woon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Sook Oh
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science and Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Ding Y, Li SY, Lv W, Li L, Zhang HW, Zhang Z, Zhang YJ, Zhang ZY, Lu XW. Pyroptosis Signature Gene CHMP4B Regulates Microglia Pyroptosis by Inhibiting GSDMD in Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04255-9. [PMID: 38823000 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04255-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to work through the key genes involved in the process of pyroptosis in Alzheimer's disease (AD) to identify potential biomarkers using bioinformatics technology and further explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. The transcriptome data of brain tissue in AD patients were screened from the GEO database, and pyroptosis-related genes were analyzed. The functions of differential genes were analyzed by enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction. The diagnostic model was established using LASSO and logistic regression analysis, and the correlation of clinical data was analyzed. Based on single-cell analysis of brain tissues of patients with AD, immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to explore the key cells affected by the hub gene. After GSEA, qRT-PCR, western blotting, LDH, ROS, and JC-1 were used to investigate the potential mechanism of the hub gene on pyroptosis. A total of 15 pyroptosis differentially expressed genes were identified. A prediction model consisting of six genes was established by LASSO and logistic regression analysis, and the area under the curve was up to 0.81. As a hub gene, CHMP4B was negatively correlated with the severity of AD. CHMP4B expression was decreased in the hippocampal tissue of patients with AD and mice. Single-cell analysis showed that CHMP4B was downregulated in AD microglia. Overexpression of CHMP4B reduced the release of LDH and ROS and restored mitochondrial membrane potential, thereby alleviating the inflammatory response during microglial pyroptosis. In summary, CHMP4B as a hub gene provides a new strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ding
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shi-Yao Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Lv
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui-Wen Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiren Zhang
- Institute of Immunology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong-Jie Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Human Brain Bank of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhi-Yuan Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of the Ministry of Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiao-Wei Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Hu GJ, Jiang XY, Du SY, Zhang K, Chen Z. miR-107-5p ameliorates neurological damage, oxidative stress, and immune responses in mice with Alzheimer's disease by suppressing the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappaB(NF-κB) pathway. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2024; 40:119-130. [PMID: 38305705 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressively debilitating neurodegenerative condition primarily affecting the elderly. Emerging research suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a role in the development of AD. This study investigates the impact of miR-107-5p on neurological damage, oxidative stress, and immune responses in AD. We utilized APP/PS1 mice as AD mouse models and C57BL/6 J mice as controls. AD mice received treatment with agomir miR-107-5p (to overexpress miR-107-5p) or BAY11-7082 (an NF-κB pathway inhibitor). We evaluated learning and memory abilities through the Morris water maze test. Histopathological changes, hippocampal neuron distribution, and apoptosis were assessed using hematoxylin-eosin, Nissl, and TUNEL staining. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, amyloid-Aβ (Aβ1-40/42) contents, and inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) in hippocampal tissues were measured using ROS kits and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Microglial activation in hippocampal tissues was observed under a fluorescence microscope. miR-107-5p's binding to TLR4 was predicted via the TargetScan database and confirmed through a dual-luciferase assay. miR-107-5p expression, along with TLR4, APOE, and TREM2 in hippocampal tissue homogenate, and NF-κB p65 protein expression in the nucleus and cytoplasm were assessed via RT-qPCR and Western blot. Overexpression of miR-107-5p ameliorated hippocampal neurological damage, oxidative stress, and immune responses. This was evidenced by improved enhanced learning/memory abilities, reduced Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 levels, diminished neuronal injuries, decreased ROS and TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β levels, increased APOE and TREM2 levels, and suppressed microglial activation. miR-107-5p directly targeted and inhibited TLR4 expression, leading to reduced nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 in the NF-κB pathway. Inhibition of the NF-κB pathway similarly improved neurological damage, oxidative stress, and immune response in AD mice. miR-107-5p exerts its beneficial effects by suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, ultimately ameliorating neurological damage, oxidative stress, and immune responses in AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Jun Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Third Hospital/Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Third Hospital/Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Si-Yu Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Third Hospital/Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Third Hospital/Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Third Hospital/Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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