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Akbar FI, Aslandukova A, Aslandukov A, Yin Y, Trybel F, Khandarkhaeva S, Fedotenko T, Laniel D, Bykov M, Bykova E, Dubrovinskaia N, Dubrovinsky L. High-pressure synthesis of dysprosium carbides. Front Chem 2023; 11:1210081. [PMID: 37383952 PMCID: PMC10296199 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1210081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical reactions between dysprosium and carbon were studied in laser-heated diamond anvil cells at pressures of 19, 55, and 58 GPa and temperatures of ∼2500 K. In situ single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis of the reaction products revealed the formation of novel dysprosium carbides, Dy4C3 and Dy3C2, and dysprosium sesquicarbide Dy2C3 previously known only at ambient conditions. The structure of Dy4C3 was found to be closely related to that of dysprosium sesquicarbide Dy2C3 with the Pu2C3-type structure. Ab initio calculations reproduce well crystal structures of all synthesized phases and predict their compressional behavior in agreement with our experimental data. Our work gives evidence that high-pressure synthesis conditions enrich the chemistry of rare earth metal carbides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariia Iasmin Akbar
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Alena Aslandukova
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Andrey Aslandukov
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Yuqing Yin
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Florian Trybel
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Saiana Khandarkhaeva
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | - Dominique Laniel
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Maxim Bykov
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elena Bykova
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Natalia Dubrovinskaia
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Dey S, Rajaraman G. Deciphering the Role of Symmetry and Ligand Field in Designing Three-Coordinate Uranium and Plutonium Single-Molecule Magnets. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:1831-1842. [PMID: 35025497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Actinide single-molecule magnets (SMMs) have gained paramount interest in molecular magnetism as they offer a larger barrier height of magnetization (Ueff) reversal compared to the lanthanide analogue, thanks to their greater metal-ligand covalency. However, the reported actinide SMMs to date yield a relatively smaller Ueff as there is no established design principle to enhance Ueff values. To address this issue, we have employed ab initio CASSCF/CASPT2/NEVPT2 calculations to study a series of three-coordinate U3+ and Pu3+ SMMs. To begin with, we have studied two experimentally characterized U3+ ion-field-induced SMMs, namely, planar [U{N(SiMe2tBu)2}3] (1) and pyramidal [U{N(SiMe3)2}3] (2) complexes reported earlier. Both the complexes were found to stabilize mJ = |±1/2⟩ as the ground state with a very strong quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM), rendering them unsuitable for SMMs. Our calculations reveal that in the pyramidal geometry (such as in 2), the energy of the 5f26d1 state is lowered compared to the planar geometry (as in 1), resulting in a slightly better SMM characteristic in the former. To unravel the effect of symmetry in magnetic properties, ab initio calculations were performed on two reported T-shaped complexes [U(NSiiPr2)2(I)] (3) and [U(NHAriPr6)2I] (4, AriPr6 = 2,6-(2,4,6-iPr3C6H2)2C6H3). Quite interestingly, mJ = |±9/2⟩ is found to be the ground state for both the complexes with a blocking barrier exceeding 900 cm-1. Furthermore, to decipher the effect of the transuranic element in magnetic anisotropy, ab initio calculations were extended to the Pu analogue of 2, [Pu{N(SiMe3)2}3] (5), which yields a record-breaking blocking barrier of ∼1933 cm-1. Among the three-coordinate geometries studied, the pyramidal geometry was found to offer substantial magnetic anisotropy for Pu3+ ions, while a T-shaped geometry is best suited for U3+ ions. While the chosen theoretical protocols' overestimation of barrier height cannot be avoided, these values are still several orders of magnitude larger than the Ueff values reported for any actinide SMMs and unveil a design principle for superior three-coordinate actinide-based SMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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3
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Tris-{Hydridotris(1-pyrazolyl)borato}lanthanide Complexes: Synthesis, Spectroscopy, Crystal Structure and Bonding Properties. INORGANICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics9060044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Complexes of trivalent lanthanides (Ln) with the hydridotris(1-pyrazolyl)borato (Tp) ligand Ln[η3-HB(N2C3H3)3]3 (LnTp3) were subjected to a joint experimental–theoretical analysis. X-ray diffraction experiments have been performed on CeTp3, NdTp3, SmTp3, GdTp3, and TbTp3 in the nine-fold coordination and on DyTp3, HoTp3, ErTp3, TmTp3, YbTp3, and LuTp3 in the eight-fold coordination form. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out for all 15 LnTp3 complexes. They extended the X-ray diffraction data available on the LnTp3 compounds and facilitated a straightforward interpretation of trends in the structural parameters. As a result of the joint analysis, significant steric strain in the equatorial coordination sites of the nine-coordinate structures was recognized. Trends in the bonding properties were elucidated by energy decomposition and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analysis of the electron density distribution. These results revealed the major electrostatic character of the Ln…Tp bonding and fine variation of charge transfer effects across the Ln row.
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Apostolidis C, Kovács A, Walter O, Colineau E, Griveau J, Morgenstern A, Rebizant J, Caciuffo R, Panak PJ, Rabung T, Schimmelpfennig B, Perfetti M. Tris-{hydridotris(1-pyrazolyl)borato}actinide Complexes: Synthesis, Spectroscopy, Crystal Structure, Bonding Properties and Magnetic Behaviour. Chemistry 2020; 26:11293-11306. [PMID: 32519790 PMCID: PMC7497007 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The isostructural compounds of the trivalent actinides uranium, neptunium, plutonium, americium, and curium with the hydridotris(1-pyrazolyl)borato (Tp) ligand An[η3 -HB(N2 C3 H3 )3 ]3 (AnTp3 ) have been obtained through several synthetic routes. Structural, spectroscopic (absorption, infrared, laser fluorescence) and magnetic characterisation of the compounds were performed in combination with crystal field, density functional theory (DFT) and relativistic multiconfigurational calculations. The covalent bonding interactions were analysed in terms of the natural bond orbital (NBO) and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Attila Kovács
- European Commission, Joint Research CentrePostfach 234076125KarlsruheGermany
| | - Olaf Walter
- European Commission, Joint Research CentrePostfach 234076125KarlsruheGermany
| | - Eric Colineau
- European Commission, Joint Research CentrePostfach 234076125KarlsruheGermany
| | | | - Alfred Morgenstern
- European Commission, Joint Research CentrePostfach 234076125KarlsruheGermany
| | - Jean Rebizant
- European Commission, Joint Research CentrePostfach 234076125KarlsruheGermany
| | - Roberto Caciuffo
- European Commission, Joint Research CentrePostfach 234076125KarlsruheGermany
| | - Petra J. Panak
- Institut für Nukleare EntsorgungForschungszentrum KarlsruhePostfach 364076021KarlsruheGermany
| | - Thomas Rabung
- Institut für Nukleare EntsorgungForschungszentrum KarlsruhePostfach 364076021KarlsruheGermany
| | - Bernd Schimmelpfennig
- Institut für Nukleare EntsorgungForschungszentrum KarlsruhePostfach 364076021KarlsruheGermany
| | - Mauro Perfetti
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CopenhagenUniversitetsparken 52100CopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and INSTM Research UnitUniversity of FlorenceVia della Lastruccia 350019Sesto FiorentinoItaly
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Swain A, Sarkar A, Rajaraman G. Role of Ab Initio Calculations in the Design and Development of Organometallic Lanthanide-Based Single-Molecule Magnets. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:4056-4073. [PMID: 31557389 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Single-molecule magnets based on lanthanides are very attractive due to their potential applications proposed in the area of microelectronic devices. Very recent advances in this area are due to the blend of conventional lanthanide chemistry with organometallic ligands, and several breakthrough achievements are attained with this combination. Ab initio methods based on multi-reference CASSCF calculations are playing a vital role in the design and development of such molecules. In this minireview, we aim to appraise various contributions in the area of organometallic lanthanide complexes (those containing lanthanide-carbon bonds) and describe how these robust wavefunction-based methods have played a constructive role not only in rationalizing the observed magnetic properties but also proven to be a potential predictive tool with some selected examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abinash Swain
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Arup Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
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6
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Langley SK, Vignesh KR, Gupta T, Gartshore CJ, Rajaraman G, Forsyth CM, Murray KS. New examples of triangular terbium(iii) and holmium(iii) and hexagonal dysprosium(iii) single molecule toroics. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:15657-15667. [PMID: 31482898 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02419k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The structural, magnetic and theoretical aspects are described for three triangular lanthanide complexes, [Tb(OH)(teaH2)3(paa)3]Cl2 (1), [Dy(OH)(teaH2)3(paa)3]Cl2 (2) and [Ho(OH)(teaH2)3(paa)3]Cl2 (3), and a hexanuclear wheel of formula [Dy(pdeaH)6(NO3)6] (4) [teaH3 = triethanolamine, paaH = N-(2-pyridyl)-acetoacetamide and pdeaH3 = 3-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]propan-1-ol]. Each complex displays single molecule toroidal behaviour as rationalised using high-level ab initio calculations. Complexes 2 and 3 are the first examples of mixed moment single molecule toroidal complexes featuring non-Kramers ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart K Langley
- School of science and the environment, Division of Chemistry, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M15 6BH, UK.
| | - Kuduva R Vignesh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Tulika Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | | | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Craig M Forsyth
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| | - Keith S Murray
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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Dey S, Velmurugan G, Rajaraman G. How important is the coordinating atom in controlling magnetic anisotropy in uranium(iii) single-ion magnets? A theoretical perspective. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:8976-8988. [PMID: 31145395 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01869g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Theoretical investigation of actinide based nanomagnets is of paramount interest in the field of molecular magnetism as they offer remarkable properties compared to their lanthanide counterparts. Unlike lanthanides, the magnetic properties of actinides can be fine-tuned by modulating the ligand field as they possess a large metal-ligand covalency. In this regard, two complexes reported earlier have gained attention: [U(BcMe)3] (1) has been found to show Single-ion Magnet (SIM) characteristics whereas isomeric [U(BpMe)3] (2) does not exhibit any SIM behaviour. To unravel the origin of the differences observed in magnetic anisotropy, a detailed ab initio CASSCF study has been undertaken on the X-ray structure of complexes 1 and 2. Since actinide compounds exhibit strong covalency, the desired active space needs to be benchmarked to address this issue. Here, we have enlarged the active space systematically from CAS(3,7) to CAS(3,12) where all 5f electrons in 5f orbitals are sequentially expanded to include five formally empty 6d orbitals. Our calculations reveal that the incorporation of the 6dz2 orbital is vital in reproducing many experimental observables such as temperature dependent susceptibility, g-factors, ground state mJ level, and ground-state-excited-state gap. Inclusion of this orbital in the reference space is found to describe better the UH-BH agostic interactions leading to significant variations in the computed parameters. Gaining from this understanding, we have carried out extensive bonding analysis within the DFT framework using tools such as Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) and Atoms In Molecule (AIM) to further probe these weak agostic interactions. Also, predictions to enhance the U-ligand covalency using U-sulphur bonds and the role of the U-C distance and C-U-C bite angles in the nature of anisotropy have been studied, and relevant magneto-structural correlations have been developed. Thus our results for the first time provide a comprehensive understanding of uranium based SMMs and offer ways to fine tune the anisotropy for experimental chemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
| | | | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
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Guo FS, Bar AK, Layfield RA. Main Group Chemistry at the Interface with Molecular Magnetism. Chem Rev 2019; 119:8479-8505. [PMID: 31059235 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Innovative synthetic coordination and, increasingly, organometallic chemistry are at the heart of advances in molecular magnetism. Smart ligand design is essential for implementing controlled modifications to the electronic structure and magnetic properties of transition metal and f-element compounds, and many important recent developments use nontraditional ligands based on low-coordinate main group elements to drive the field forward. This review charts progress in molecular magnetism from the perspective of ligands in which the donor atoms range from low-coordinate 2p elements-particularly carbon but also boron and nitrogen-to the heavier p-block elements such as phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and even bismuth. Emphasis is placed on the role played by novel main group ligands in addressing magnetic anisotropy of transition metal and f-element compounds, which underpins the development of single-molecule magnets (SMMs), a family of magnetic materials that can retain magnetization in the absence of a magnetic field below a blocking temperature. Nontraditional p-block donor atoms, with their relatively diffuse valence orbitals and more diverse bonding characteristics, also introduce scope for tuning the spin-orbit coupling properties and metal-ligand covalency in molecular magnets, which has implications in areas such as magnetic exchange coupling and spin crossover phenomena. The chemistry encompasses transition metals, lanthanides, and actinides and describes recently discovered molecular magnets that can be regarded, currently, as defining the state of the art. This review identifies that main group chemistry at the interface molecular magnetism is an area with huge potential to deliver new types of molecular magnets with previously unseen properties and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Sheng Guo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences , University of Sussex , Brighton BN1 9QJ , United Kingdom
| | - Arun Kumar Bar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences , University of Sussex , Brighton BN1 9QJ , United Kingdom
| | - Richard A Layfield
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences , University of Sussex , Brighton BN1 9QJ , United Kingdom
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Díaz-Ortega IF, Herrera JM, Reyes Carmona Á, Galán-Mascarós JR, Dey S, Nojiri H, Rajaraman G, Colacio E. A Chiral Bipyrimidine-Bridged Dy 2 SMM: A Comparative Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Correlation Between the Distortion of the DyO6N2 Coordination Sphere and the Anisotropy Barrier. Front Chem 2018; 6:537. [PMID: 30467538 PMCID: PMC6236069 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral bipyrimidine-bridged dinuclear LnIII complexes of general formula [(μ-bipym){((+)-tfacam)3Ln}2] and [(μ-bipym){((-)-tfacam)3Ln}2], have been prepared from the assembly of Ln(AcO)3·nH2O (LnIII = Dy, Gd), (+)/(−)-3-(trifluoroacetyl)camphor enantiopure ligands ((+)/(-)-Htfacam) and bipyrimidine (bipym). The structure and chirality of these complexes have been supported by single-crystal X-Ray diffraction and circular dichroism. The study of the magnetic properties of the GdIII complexes revealed a very weak antiferromagnetic interaction between the GdIII ions through the bipyrimidine bridging ligand. Ab initio CASSCF calculations indicated that the ground Kramers doublet (KD) of both DyIII centers is almost purely axial with the anisotropy axis located close to the two tfacam−ligands at opposite sides of each DyIIIatom, which create an axial crystal field. In keeping with this, ac dynamic measurements indicated slow relaxation of the magnetization at zero field with Ueff = 55.1 K, a pre-exponential factor of τo = 2.17·10−6 s and τQTM = 8 μs. When an optimal dc field of 0.1 T is applied, QTM is quenched and Ueff increases to 75.9 K with τo = 6.16 × 10−7 s. The DyN2O8 coordination spheres and SMM properties of [(μ-bipym){((+)-tfacam)3Ln}2] and their achiral [(Dy(β-diketonate)3)2(μ-bpym)]analogous have been compared and a magneto-structural correlation has been established, which has been supported by theoretical calculations. In contrast to the GdIII compounds, the magnetic exchange interaction between the DyIII ions has been calculated to be very weak and, generally, ferromagnetic in nature. Relaxation mechanisms for [(μ-bipym){((+)-tfacam)3Ln}2] and previously reported analogous have been proposed from ab initio calculations. As the magnetic exchange interaction found to be very weak, the observed magnetization blockade in these systems are primarily dictated by the single ion anisotropy of DyIII ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael F Díaz-Ortega
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Herrera
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Álvaro Reyes Carmona
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - José Ramón Galán-Mascarós
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Tarragona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sourav Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Hiroyuki Nojiri
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Enrique Colacio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Gupta T, Rajaraman G. Magnetic Anisotropy, Magneto-Structural Correlations and Mechanism of Magnetic Relaxation in {DyIII
N8
} Complexes: A Theoretical Perspective. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tulika Gupta
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; 400076 Powai, Mumbai India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; 400076 Powai, Mumbai India
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11
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Bar AK, Kalita P, Singh MK, Rajaraman G, Chandrasekhar V. Low-coordinate mononuclear lanthanide complexes as molecular nanomagnets. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Alessandri R, Zulfikri H, Autschbach J, Bolvin H. Crystal Field in Rare‐Earth Complexes: From Electrostatics to Bonding. Chemistry 2018; 24:5538-5550. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Alessandri
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, CNRS Université Toulouse III 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
- Present address: Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials and Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Habiburrahman Zulfikri
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, CNRS Université Toulouse III 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
- Present address: MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology University of Twente, P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry University at Buffalo, State University of New York Buffalo NY 14260-3000 USA
| | - Hélène Bolvin
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, CNRS Université Toulouse III 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
- Hylleraas Center for Quantum Molecular Sciences Department of Chemistry University of Oslo Oslo Norway
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13
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Gupta SK, Rajeshkumar T, Rajaraman G, Murugavel R. Is a strong axial crystal-field the only essential condition for a large magnetic anisotropy barrier? The case of non-Kramers Ho(iii) versus Tb(iii ). Dalton Trans 2018; 47:357-366. [PMID: 29215670 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04020b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A monometallic non-Kramers Ho(iii) complex with a strong uniaxial ligand field displays a record high energy barrier of 355 K with hysteresis opening up to 4 K at a sweep rate of 0.027 T s-1, while the isomorphous, more anisotropic non-Kramers Tb(iii) complex displays strong quantum tunnelling between the ground states. Ab initio calculations reveal that the presence of strong axial ligands and moderately weaker equatorial ligands is sufficient to quench the QTM between the ground pseudo doublets (mJ = ±8) in the case of Ho(iii) complex, where the relaxation is found to proceed via the first excited state. However, the equatorial field disrupts the stabilization of ground pseudo doublets in Tb(iii), inducing QTM and inhibiting SIM behaviour. Further insights into the decisive role played by the secondary coordination sphere and hydrogen-bonding in the SIM characteristics of these two non-Kramers ions were also gained. This combined experimental and computational approach highlights that although strong axiality holds the key for designing high temperature SIMs based on oblate non-Kramers ions, the strength of the equatorial ligand field also cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep K Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-400076, India.
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14
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Gorczyński A, Marcinkowski D, Kubicki M, Löffler M, Korabik M, Karbowiak M, Wiśniewski P, Rudowicz C, Patroniak V. New field-induced single ion magnets based on prolate Er(iii) and Yb(iii) ions: tuning the energy barrierUeffby the choice of counterions within an N3-tridentate Schiff-base scaffold. Inorg Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qi00727b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Counterions modulate the structure and magnetic properties of rarely observed high-coordinate SIM species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Gorczyński
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
| | | | - Maciej Kubicki
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
| | - Marta Löffler
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Wrocław
- 50-383 Wrocław
- Poland
| | - Maria Korabik
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Wrocław
- 50-383 Wrocław
- Poland
| | | | - Piotr Wiśniewski
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 50-422 Wrocław
- Poland
| | - Czesław Rudowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
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15
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Gupta T, Singh MK, Rajaraman G. Role of Ab Initio Calculations in the Design and Development of Lanthanide Based Single Molecule Magnets. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2018_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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16
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Zhang H, Nakanishi R, Katoh K, Breedlove BK, Kitagawa Y, Yamashita M. Low coordinated mononuclear erbium(iii) single-molecule magnets with C3v symmetry: a method for altering single-molecule magnet properties by incorporating hard and soft donors. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:302-305. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04053a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Structures and magnetic characteristics of two three coordinate erbium(iii) compounds with C3v geometry, tris(2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresolate)erbium (1) and tris(bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl)erbium (2), were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Ryo Nakanishi
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Keiichi Katoh
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Brian K. Breedlove
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Yasutaka Kitagawa
- Department of Materials Engineering Science
- Graduate School of Engineering Science
- Osaka University
- Toyonaka
- Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
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17
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Sarkar A, Velmurugan G, Rajeshkumar T, Rajaraman G. Deciphering the origin of invariance in magnetic anisotropy in {FeIIS4} complexes: a theoretical perspective. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:9980-9984. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02145g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
By employing the state-of-the-art ab initio calculations, we have probed the origin of invariance in ZFS parameters in {FeIIS4} complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arup Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai
- India
| | | | | | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai
- India
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18
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Vignesh KR, Langley SK, Swain A, Moubaraki B, Damjanović M, Wernsdorfer W, Rajaraman G, Murray KS. Slow Magnetic Relaxation and Single‐Molecule Toroidal Behaviour in a Family of Heptanuclear {Cr
III
Ln
III
6
} (Ln=Tb, Ho, Er) Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuduva R. Vignesh
- IITB-Monash Research Academy IIT Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra 400076 India
| | - Stuart K. Langley
- School of Science and the Environment Division of Chemistry Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester UK
| | - Abinash Swain
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra 400 076 India
| | | | - Marko Damjanović
- Institute Néel, CNRS Université Grenoble Alpes 25 rue des Martyrs F-38000 Grenoble France
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wernsdorfer
- Institute Néel, CNRS Université Grenoble Alpes 25 rue des Martyrs F-38000 Grenoble France
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra 400 076 India
| | - Keith S. Murray
- School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia
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19
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Vignesh KR, Langley SK, Swain A, Moubaraki B, Damjanović M, Wernsdorfer W, Rajaraman G, Murray KS. Slow Magnetic Relaxation and Single‐Molecule Toroidal Behaviour in a Family of Heptanuclear {Cr
III
Ln
III
6
} (Ln=Tb, Ho, Er) Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 57:779-784. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuduva R. Vignesh
- IITB-Monash Research Academy IIT Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra 400076 India
| | - Stuart K. Langley
- School of Science and the Environment Division of Chemistry Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester UK
| | - Abinash Swain
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra 400 076 India
| | | | - Marko Damjanović
- Institute Néel, CNRS Université Grenoble Alpes 25 rue des Martyrs F-38000 Grenoble France
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wernsdorfer
- Institute Néel, CNRS Université Grenoble Alpes 25 rue des Martyrs F-38000 Grenoble France
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra 400 076 India
| | - Keith S. Murray
- School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia
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20
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Upadhyay A, Vignesh KR, Das C, Singh SK, Rajaraman G, Shanmugam M. Influence of the Ligand Field on the Slow Relaxation of Magnetization of Unsymmetrical Monomeric Lanthanide Complexes: Synthesis and Theoretical Studies. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:14260-14276. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Upadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Kuduva R. Vignesh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Chinmoy Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Maheswaran Shanmugam
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
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21
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Vignesh KR, Langley SK, Murray KS, Rajaraman G. Exploring the Influence of Diamagnetic Ions on the Mechanism of Magnetization Relaxation in {Co III2Ln III2} (Ln = Dy, Tb, Ho) "Butterfly" Complexes. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:2518-2532. [PMID: 28211682 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and magnetic and theoretical studies of three isostructural heterometallic [CoIII2LnIII2(μ3-OH)2(o-tol)4(mdea)2(NO3)2] (Ln = Dy (1), Tb (2), Ho (3)) "butterfly" complexes are reported (o-tol = o-toluate, (mdea)2- = doubly deprotonated N-methyldiethanolamine). The CoIII ions are diamagnetic in these complexes. Analysis of the dc magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal antiferromagnetic exchange coupling between the two LnIII ions for all three complexes. ac magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal single-molecule magnet (SMM) behavior for complex 1, in the absence of an external magnetic field, with an anisotropy barrier Ueff of 81.2 cm-1, while complexes 2 and 3 exhibit field induced SMM behavior, with a Ueff value of 34.2 cm-1 for 2. The barrier height for 3 could not be quantified. To understand the experimental observations, we performed DFT and ab initio CASSCF+RASSI-SO calculations to probe the single-ion properties and the nature and magnitude of the LnIII-LnIII magnetic coupling and to develop an understanding of the role the diamagnetic CoIII ion plays in the magnetization relaxation. The calculations were able to rationalize the experimental relaxation data for all complexes and strongly suggest that the CoIII ion is integral to the observation of SMM behavior in these systems. Thus, we explored further the effect that the diamagnetic CoIII ions have on the magnetization blocking of 1. We did this by modeling a dinuclear {DyIII2} complex (1a), with the removal of the diamagnetic ions, and three complexes of the types {KI2DyIII2} (1b), {ZnII2DyIII2} (1c), and {TiIV2DyIII2} (1d), each containing a different diamagnetic ion. We found that the presence of the diamagnetic ions results in larger negative charges on the bridging hydroxides (1b > 1c > 1 > 1d), in comparison to 1a (no diamagnetic ion), which reduces quantum tunneling of magnetization effects, allowing for more desirable SMM characteristics. The results indicate very strong dependence of diamagnetic ions in the magnetization blocking and the magnitude of the energy barriers. Here we propose a synthetic strategy to enhance the energy barrier in lanthanide-based SMMs by incorporating s- and d-block diamagnetic ions. The presented strategy is likely to have implications beyond the single-molecule magnets studied here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuduva R Vignesh
- IITB-Monash Research Academy, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Stuart K Langley
- School of Science and the Environment, Division of Chemistry, Manchester Metropolitan University , Manchester M15 6HB, U. K
| | - Keith S Murray
- School of Chemistry, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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22
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Liu MJ, Yuan J, Zhang YQ, Sun HL, Liu CM, Kou HZ. Chiral six-coordinate Dy(iii) and Tb(iii) complexes of an achiral ligand: structure, fluorescence, and magnetism. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:13035-13042. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02409f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Two new chiral six-coordinate lanthanide complexes are obtained using an achiral ligand. Complex [Zn3Dy] displays field-induced slow magnetization relaxation, while complex [Zn3Tb] exhibits intense green photofluorescence and triboluminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Jiao Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- P. R. China
| | - Juan Yuan
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- P. R. China
| | - Yi-Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for NSLSCS
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Hao-Ling Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P. R. China
| | - Cai-Ming Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Hui-Zhong Kou
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- P. R. China
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