Beryllium ion sensing through the ion pair formation between the electrochemically reduced ferrocenyl naphthoquinone radicals and $$\hbox {Be}^{2+}$$ ions

Architecture of Easy-to-Synthesize and Superior Probe Based on Aminoquinoline Appended Naphthoquinone: Instant and On-Site Cu2+ Ion Quantification in Real Samples and Unusual Crystal Structure and Logic Gate Operations

Easy-to-synthesize aminoquinoline (AQ) appended naphthoquinone (NQ)-based colorimetric and ratiometric probe (AQNQ) was successfully synthesized in one step with high yield and low cost, and was utilized to supply an effective solution to critical shortcomings encountered in Cu2+ analysis. The structure of AQNQ and its interaction with Cu2+ forming an unusual AQNQ-Cu complex were enlightened with single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and different spectroscopic methods. AQNQ-Cu complex is the first Cu2+ containing dinuclear crystal where the octahedral coordination sphere is fulfilled through the coordination of a NQ oxygen atom. AQNQ exhibited long-term stability (more than 1 month), superior probe ability toward Cu2+ with quite fast response (30 s), high selectivity among many ions, and limit of detection of 12.13 ppb that is significantly below the highest amount of Cu2+ allowed in drinking water established by both WHO and EPA. Ratiometric determination of Cu2+ using AQNQ was performed with high recovery and low RSD values for drinking water, tap water, lake water, cherry, and watermelon samples. Colorimetric on-site determination including smartphone and paper strip applications, IMPLICATION, and INHIBIT logic gate applications were successfully carried out. The reversibility and reusability of the response to Cu2+ ions with the paper strip application were examined for the first time.

Contemporary Developments in Ferrocene Chemistry: Physical, Chemical, Biological and Industrial Aspects

Ferrocenyl-based compounds have many applications in diverse scientific disciplines, including in polymer chemistry as redox dynamic polymers and dendrimers, in materials science as bioreceptors, and in pharmacology, biochemistry, electrochemistry, and nonlinear optics. Considering the horizon of ferrocene chemistry, we attempted to condense the neoteric advancements in the synthesis and applications of ferrocene derivatives reported in the literature from 2016 to date. This paper presents data on the progression of the synthesis of diverse classes of organic compounds having ferrocene scaffolds and recent developments in applications of ferrocene-based organometallic compounds, with a special focus on their biological, medicinal, bio-sensing, chemosensing, asymmetric catalysis, material, and industrial applications.

Colorimetric and near-infrared spectrophotometric monitoring of bisulfite using glyoxal modified chromenylium-cyanine chemosensor: Smartphone and paper strip applications for on-site food and beverages control

Detection of bisulfite (HSO₃^-) in food and beverages has vital importance because the excessive amount leads to ill effects on the human body. Colorimetric and fluorometric chromenylium-cyanine-based chemosensor CyR was synthesized and applied for high selective and sensitive analysis of HSO₃^- in red wine, rose wine and, granulated sugar with high recovery ranges and very fast response time without any interference from other competitive species. The limits of detection (LOD) for the UV-Vis and fluorescence titrations were found as 11.5 μM and 3.77 μM, respectively. The on-site and very rapid methods based on paper strips and smartphone which depend on the color changes from yellow to green have been successfully developed to analyze HSO₃^- concentration (10^-5-10^-1 M for paper strip and 163-1205 μM for smartphone). CyR and the bisulfite-adduct formed in the nucleophilic addition reaction with HSO₃^- were verified by FT-IR, ¹H NMR, and MALDI-TOF results as well as Single-Crystal X-Ray Crystallography for CyR.

A new highly Selective, sensitive and NIR spectrophotometric probe based on A2B2-Type of unsymmetrical phthalocyanine for hazardous Be2+ recognition

The aim of this work is to construct a new A₂B₂-type of unsymmetrical and ratiometric phthalocyanine (Pc) based-probe O-A₂B₂ZnPc to provide an effective solution to critical inadequacy to be experienced for the detection of hazardous Be²⁺. O-A₂B₂ZnPc enabling strong absorption and emission in Near-Infrared region (λ_abs-λ_em wavelengths of 694-712 nm) showed excellent selectivity and sensitivity toward Be²⁺ among competitive metal ions by both spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods. The probe with oligomeric Pc form in THF was degraded with the addition of aqueous Be²⁺ and arranged to J-aggregation form, resulting in a remarkably diminishing in Q-band at 694 nm as well as a new band formation at 746 nm, and a considerably decreasing in fluorescence emission. The probe has superior features for the determination of Be²⁺ such as high quantum efficiency and photochemical stability, rapid response (1 s), high selectivity and very low Limit of Detection (0.26 ppb and 1.5 ppb) for UV-Vis and fluorescence, respectively which are quite good values according to the permissible amount of Be²⁺ (4 ppb) in water as specified by World Health Organization. O-A₂B₂ZnPc can be shown among the best performing probes with its unique properties according to previous studies in the literature. In addition, the geometrical and spectral features of the O-A₂B₂ZnPc were analyzed in detail by DFT calculations.

Architecture of multi-channel and easy-to-make sensors for selective and sensitive Hg2+ ion recognition through Hg‒C and Hg‒N bonds of naphthoquinone-aniline/pyrene union

The aim of this work is, for the first time, to develop new inexpensive, easy-to-make and multi-channel receptors, naphthoquinone-aniline/pyrene union ((Nq-An) and (Nq-Pyr)) and their Hg²⁺ complexes [Hg-(Nq-An)₂] and [Hg-(Nq-Pyr)₂] to supply an efficient solution to critical deficiencies to be encountered for Hg²⁺ recognition. This study is based on colorimetric, fluorometric, and voltammetric methods for determination of Hg²⁺ ions through Hg-C and Hg-N binding mode of the naphthoquinone-aniline/pyrene union in aqueous media. The binding mode of the receptors with Hg²⁺ cation was confirmed by usual characterization techniques for the synthesized Hg²⁺-complexes [Hg-(Nq-An)₂] / [Hg-(Nq-Pyr)₂] and voltammetric, ¹H NMR titration experiments as well as Job's method, indicating a 2:1 complex between the receptors and Hg²⁺ cation. The receptors showed a considerable color switching from orange to pink along with a red-shift of absorption wavelength, and fluorescence enhancement via the Chelation Enhanced Fluorescence effect (CHEF), and distinctive changes on the voltammogram of the electroactive naphthoquinone unit with Hg²⁺ cation. The experiments indicate that the sensors are highly selective and sensitive toward Hg²⁺ among the studied metal ions in aqueous media compared with other reported Hg²⁺ sensors.

Dimethyl amino phenyl substituted silver phthalocyanine as a UV- and visible-light absorbing photoinitiator: in situ preparation of silver/polymer nanocomposites

Synthesis of a novel phthalocyanine for dual free-radical and cationic photopolymerizations and the in situ preparation of nanocomposites without using metal salts.