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Thai QK, Nguyen TC, Le CT, Chung AD, Nguyen TML, Tran QD, Savolainen P, Quan QD, Tran DL, Tran HD. HV1 mtDNA Reveals the High Genetic Diversity and the Ancient Origin of Vietnamese Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13061036. [PMID: 36978577 PMCID: PMC10044065 DOI: 10.3390/ani13061036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, samples from 429 dog individuals across three main regions of Vietnam (Southern Vietnam (SVN), Central Vietnam (CVN), and Northern Vietnam (NVN)) were collected to analyze the 582 bp region mtDNA HVI, so as to study the genetic diversity and to screen the rare haplotype E in the Vietnamese village dog population. Nine new haplotypes A, two new haplotypes B, and three haplotypes C were unique to Vietnam dogs, in which the new haplotypes An3, An7, Cn1, and Cn3 concerned mutations at new polymorphism sites (15,517, 15,505, 15,479, and 15,933, respectively) which have not been previously reported. The detection of haplotypes A9 and A29, and the appearance of haplotype A200 in the two individual dogs sampled support that the Southeast Asian dog is the ancestor of today’s Australian dingo and Polynesian dog. The two rare haplotypes E (E1 and E4) were reconfirmed in Vietnamese dogs and discussed. This study also contributes to strengthening the theory of domestication of dogs to the south of the Yangtze River and the Southeast Asian origin of the dingo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Ke Thai
- Faculty of Natural science Education, Saigon University, 273 An Duong Vuong, Ward 3, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 72710, Vietnam
- Correspondence: (Q.K.T.); (H.-D.T.); Tel.: +84-918-297-640 (Q.K.T.); +84-772-999-537 (H-D.T.)
| | - Thanh-Cong Nguyen
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Nguyen-Tat-Thanh University, 298A-300A Nguyen-Tat-Thanh Street, District 04, Ho Chi Minh City 72820, Vietnam
| | - Cong-Trieu Le
- Soc Trang Vocational College, 176 Nam Ky Khoi Nghia Street, Ward 7, Soc Trang City 96114, Vietnam
| | - Anh-Dung Chung
- Biotechnology Division, Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Southern Viet Nam, 121 Nguyen Binh Khiem Street, Da Kao Ward, 1st District, Ho Chi Minh City 710302, Vietnam
| | - Tran Minh-Ly Nguyen
- Faculty of Business Administration, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Akademiestraße 6, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Quoc-Dung Tran
- Faculty of Biology, University of Education, Hue University, 34 Le 5Loi Street, Hue City 49118, Vietnam
| | - Peter Savolainen
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Quoc-Dang Quan
- Agency for Southern Affairs of Ministry of Science and Technology, 31 Han Thuyen Street, Ben Nghe Ward, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City 70055, Vietnam
| | - Dai-Long Tran
- Department of Supervisor Inspector, Van Lang University, Nguyen Khac Nhu Street, Co Giang Ward, Distric 1, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Hoang-Dung Tran
- Faculty of Biology and Environment, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, 140 Le Trong Tan Street, Tay Thanh Ward, Tan Phu District, Ho Chi Minh City 72009, Vietnam
- Institute of Applied Research and Technology Transfer HUFI, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, 140 Le Trong Tan Street, Tay Thanh Ward, Tan Phu District, Ho Chi Minh City 72009, Vietnam
- Correspondence: (Q.K.T.); (H.-D.T.); Tel.: +84-918-297-640 (Q.K.T.); +84-772-999-537 (H-D.T.)
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Yang L, Kong X, Yang S, Dong X, Yang J, Gou X, Zhang H. Haplotype diversity in mitochondrial DNA reveals the multiple origins of Tibetan horse. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201564. [PMID: 30052677 PMCID: PMC6063445 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tibetan horse is a species endemic to the Tibetan plateau, with considerable economic value in the region. However, we currently have little genetic evidence to verify whether the breed originated in Tibet or if it entered the area via an ancient migratory route. In the present study, we analyzed the hypervariable segment I sequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in 2,050 horses, including 290 individuals from five Tibetan populations and 1,760 from other areas across Asia. Network analysis revealed multiple maternal lineages in the Tibetan horse. Component analysis of sub-lineage F3 indicated that it decreased in frequency from east to west, a trend reflected both southward and northward from Inner Mongolia. Analysis of population genetics showed that the Deqen horse of eastern Tibet was more closely related to the Ningqiang horse of northern China than to other Tibetan horses or the Yunnan horse. These results indicated that the Tibetan horse migrated first from Central Asia to Mongolia, moved south to eastern Tibet (near Deqen), then finally westward to other regions of Tibet. We also identified a novel lineage K that mainly comprises Tibetan and Yunnan horses, suggesting autochthonous domesticated origin for some Tibetan horse breeds from local wild horses. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that modern Tibetan horse breeds originated from the introgression of local wild horses with exotic domesticated populations outside China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Kong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Shuli Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xinxing Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianfa Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao Gou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- * E-mail: (HZ); (XG)
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (HZ); (XG)
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Li YX, Gao YL, He XL, Cao SX. Exploration of mtDNA control region sequences in Chinese Tibetan Mastiffs. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2017; 29:800-804. [PMID: 28756720 DOI: 10.1080/24701394.2017.1357714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The control region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was obtained from 40 purebred Chinese Tibetan Mastiffs (TMs). Sequence structure and genetic diversity were analyzed, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. The TM mtDNA control region was composed of ETAS (extended termination associated sequences), CD (a central domain) and CSBs (conserved sequenced blocks) and sequence length showed some diversity, which was mainly caused by the number of 10 nucleotide repeat units [5'-GTA CAC GT (G/A) C-3'] between CSB I and CSB II, which ranged from 27 to 35 among individuals. Seventy-five polymorphic sites were identified, which defined 37 haplotypes; the haplotype diversity was 0.990, and the nucleotide diversity was 1.201. Based on the control region sequences, Chinese TMs were divided into three categories, which were consistent with the origin and geographical classification of TMs. Phylogenetic analysis of 538-bp HVR-I sequences revealed that TMs were most closely related to Labrador Retrievers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Xia Li
- a Institute of Animal Science , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China.,b Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Yi-Long Gao
- c Policedog Technology Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Public Security , Nanjing Policedog Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Xing-Liang He
- c Policedog Technology Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Public Security , Nanjing Policedog Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Shao-Xian Cao
- a Institute of Animal Science , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China.,b Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
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