1
|
Grillo R, Khemiss M, da Silva YS. Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of Waterpipe on Oral Health Status: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2023; 23:5-12. [PMID: 36865434 PMCID: PMC9974039 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.6.2022.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the cytotoxic and genotoxic impacts of waterpipe smoking on oral health. The databases MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and Dimensions were searched to find studies evaluating whether waterpipe smokers exhibited any cytotoxic or genotoxic effects on their oral cells compared to non-smokers, with regard to mouth neoplasms. Particularly, changes in DNA methylation and p53 expression were assessed. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were adopted for the systematic review. Review Manager was utilised for statistical analysis with a significance level at P <0.05. To assess the grades of the included articles, a risk of bias analysis was summarised. A forest plot, including some of the included articles included, was created regarding the different grades. A total of 20 studies were included in this review. The results showed that waterpipe smoking has cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on oral cells, with a risk difference of 0.16. Although the published articles are few in number, all confirm the devastating effects of waterpipe smoking related to the carcinogenicity. Waterpipe smoking is harmful to oral health. It causes a series of detrimental cellular and genetic modifications such as acanthosis, epithelial dysplasia and hyperparakeratosis. In addition, waterpipe smoke contains several carcinogenic compounds. As it releases many harmful organic compounds, waterpipe smoking increases the incidence of oral cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Grillo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil,Corresponding Author’s e-mail:
| | - Mehdi Khemiss
- Department of Dental Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Yuri S. da Silva
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, UniFG University Center, Guanambi, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Patil S, Mahuli AV, Warnakulasuriya S. Effects of smoking shisha, cancer risk, and strategies for prevention of shisha habit. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2022; 12:439-443. [PMID: 35664951 PMCID: PMC9160343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking tobacco through a water pipe, also referred to as Shisha, is prevalent in Middle Eastern countries but has gained popularity worldwide, especially among youth. The increasing global trend of shisha use is mainly led by misleading information about it being safe. The shisha smoke has potentially harmful chemicals, including several human carcinogens and other toxic products. There are recognised adverse effects on passive smokers exposed to second-hand smoke. It is a potential risk factor for several cancers and risks pregnant women and the foetus. A session of shisha smoking for 40 minutes is equivalent to smoking 100 or more cigarettes. There should be awareness about Shisha's harmful effects to reduce the risk to health through a coordinated global effort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amit Vasant Mahuli
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dental Institute, RIMS, Ranchi, India
| | - Saman Warnakulasuriya
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Babu N, Patil S, Mohan SV, Subbannayya T, Advani J, Datta KK, Rajagopalan P, Bhat FA, Sidransky D, Gowda H, Chatterjee A. Signaling alterations in oral keratinocytes in response to shisha and crude tobacco extract. J Oral Pathol Med 2021; 50:459-469. [PMID: 33369783 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco consumption in smoking and non-smoking forms has been consequential in the rise of oral cancer cases. Among different forms, epidemiological studies from Middle Eastern countries and rural parts of northern India have reported increasing association of oral cancer with waterpipe (hookah) smoking. However, molecular mechanisms and role played by waterpipe smoking in the onset of oral carcinogenesis remains unexplored. METHODS In this study, immortalized normal human oral keratinocytes were chronically treated with extracts of two varieties of waterpipe tobacco-crude tobacco and processed shisha. Phenotypic changes and molecular aberrations were examined using cell culture-based assays and mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomic analysis, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis was utilized to analyze proteomics data and identify dysregulated pathways. RESULTS Our data indicate that chronic treatment with waterpipe tobacco extracts increased proliferation, invasion, migration, and significant dysregulation of protein expression in oral keratinocytes. Altered expression of proteins involved in interferon signaling pathway were observed with both varieties of tobacco. Overexpression of cholesterol metabolism and vesicle-mediated transport proteins were identified exclusively in cells treated with crude tobacco extract. Bioinformatics analyses revealed different oncogenic response in oral cells based on the type of waterpipe tobacco used. CONCLUSIONS This study may serve as a useful resource in understanding the early onset of oral cancer attributed to waterpipe smoking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Babu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sonali V Mohan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Jayshree Advani
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | - Keshava K Datta
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Firdous Ahmad Bhat
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Aditi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Patil S, Bhat MY, Advani J, Mohan SV, Babu N, Datta KK, Subbannayya T, Rajagopalan P, Bhat FA, Al-Hebshi N, Sidransky D, Gowda H, Chatterjee A. Proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiling of shammah induced signaling in oral keratinocytes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9397. [PMID: 33931671 PMCID: PMC8087671 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88345-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Shammah is a smokeless tobacco product often mixed with lime, ash, black pepper and flavorings. Exposure to shammah has been linked with dental diseases and oral squamous cell carcinoma. There is limited literature on the prevalence of shammah and its role in pathobiology of oral cancer. In this study, we developed a cellular model to understand the effect of chronic shammah exposure on oral keratinocytes. Chronic exposure to shammah resulted in increased proliferation and invasiveness of non-transformed oral keratinocytes. Quantitative proteomics of shammah treated cells compared to untreated cells led to quantification of 4712 proteins of which 402 were found to be significantly altered. In addition, phosphoproteomics analysis of shammah treated cells compared to untreated revealed hyperphosphorylation of 36 proteins and hypophosphorylation of 83 proteins (twofold, p-value ≤ 0.05). Bioinformatics analysis of significantly altered proteins showed enrichment of proteins involved in extracellular matrix interactions, necroptosis and peroxisome mediated fatty acid oxidation. Kinase-Substrate Enrichment Analysis showed significant increase in activity of kinases such as ROCK1, RAF1, PRKCE and HIPK2 in shammah treated cells. These results provide better understanding of how shammah transforms non-neoplastic cells and warrants additional studies that may assist in improved early diagnosis and treatment of shammah induced oral cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Younis Bhat
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Jayshree Advani
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | - Sonali V Mohan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | - Niraj Babu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Keshava K Datta
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | | | | | - Firdous A Bhat
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India.,School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Nezar Al-Hebshi
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India. .,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
| | - Aditi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India. .,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
| |
Collapse
|