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Zhang L, Fu Y, Xu Q, Chen X, Xie Y, Zhang B, Lin X. Quantitative proteomics reveals the complex regulatory networks of LTTR-type regulators in pleiotropic functions of Aeromonas hydrophila. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132315. [PMID: 38740149 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
LysR-type transcriptional regulators (LTTRs) are ubiquitously distributed and abundant transcriptional regulators in prokaryotes, playing pivotal roles in diverse physiological processes. Nonetheless, despite their prevalence, the intricate functionalities and physiological implications of this protein family remain incompletely elucidated. In this study, we employed a comprehensive approach to deepen our understanding of LTTRs by generating a collection of 20 LTTR gene-deletion strains in Aeromonas hydrophila, accounting for 42.6 % of the predicted total LTTR repertoire, and subjected them to meticulous assessment of their physiological phenotypes. Leveraging quantitative proteomics, we conducted a comparative analysis of protein expression variations between six representative mutants and the wild-type strain. Subsequent bioinformatics analysis unveiled the involvement of these LTTRs in modulating a wide array of biological processes, notably including two-component regulatory systems (TCSs) and intracellular central metabolism. Moreover, employing subsequent microbiological methodologies, we experimentally verified the direct involvement of at least six LTTRs in the regulation of galactose metabolism. Importantly, through ELISA and competitive ELISA assays, we demonstrated the competitive binding capabilities of these LTTRs with the promoter of the α-galactosidase gene AHA_1897 and identified that four LTTRs (XapR, YidZ, YeeY, and AHA_1805) do not engage in competitive binding with other LTTRs. Overall, our comprehensive findings not only provide fundamental insights into the regulatory mechanisms governing crucial physiological functions of bacteria through LTTR family proteins but also uncover an intricate and interactive regulatory network mediated by LTTRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Zhang
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuying Fu
- School of Safety and Environment, Fujian Chuanzheng Communications College, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China
| | - Qiaozhen Xu
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuyue Xie
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Binghui Zhang
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Institute of Tobacco Science, Fujian Provincial Tobacco Company, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Xiangmin Lin
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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Karamchandani BM, Pawar AA, Pawar SS, Syed S, Mone NS, Dalvi SG, Rahman PKSM, Banat IM, Satpute SK. Biosurfactants' multifarious functional potential for sustainable agricultural practices. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1047279. [PMID: 36578512 PMCID: PMC9792099 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1047279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing food demand by the ever-growing population imposes an extra burden on the agricultural and food industries. Chemical-based pesticides, fungicides, fertilizers, and high-breeding crop varieties are typically employed to enhance crop productivity. Overexploitation of chemicals and their persistence in the environment, however, has detrimental effects on soil, water, and air which consequently disturb the food chain and the ecosystem. The lower aqueous solubility and higher hydrophobicity of agrochemicals, pesticides, metals, and hydrocarbons allow them to adhere to soil particles and, therefore, continue in the environment. Chemical pesticides, viz., organophosphate, organochlorine, and carbamate, are used regularly to protect agriculture produce. Hydrophobic pollutants strongly adhered to soil particles can be solubilized or desorbed through the usage of biosurfactant/s (BSs) or BS-producing and pesticide-degrading microorganisms. Among different types of BSs, rhamnolipids (RL), surfactin, mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs), and sophorolipids (SL) have been explored extensively due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities against several phytopathogens. Different isoforms of lipopeptide, viz., iturin, fengycin, and surfactin, have also been reported against phytopathogens. The key role of BSs in designing and developing biopesticide formulations is to protect crops and our environment. Various functional properties such as wetting, spreading, penetration ability, and retention period are improved in surfactant-based formulations. This review emphasizes the use of diverse types of BSs and their source microorganisms to challenge phytopathogens. Extensive efforts seem to be focused on discovering the innovative antimicrobial potential of BSs to combat phytopathogens. We discussed the effectiveness of BSs in solubilizing pesticides to reduce their toxicity and contamination effects in the soil environment. Thus, we have shed some light on the use of BSs as an alternative to chemical pesticides and other agrochemicals as sparse literature discusses their interactions with pesticides. Life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle sustainability analysis (LCSA) quantifying their impact on human activities/interventions are also included. Nanoencapsulation of pesticide formulations is an innovative approach in minimizing pesticide doses and ultimately reducing their direct exposures to humans and animals. Some of the established big players and new entrants in the global BS market are providing promising solutions for agricultural practices. In conclusion, a better understanding of the role of BSs in pesticide solubilization and/or degradation by microorganisms represents a valuable approach to reducing their negative impact and maintaining sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ameya A. Pawar
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sujit S. Pawar
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sahil Syed
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nishigandha S. Mone
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sunil G. Dalvi
- Tissue Culture Section, Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Pune, India
| | - Pattanathu K. S. M. Rahman
- Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ibrahim M. Banat
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Surekha K. Satpute, ; Ibrahim M. Banat,
| | - Surekha K. Satpute
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India,*Correspondence: Surekha K. Satpute, ; Ibrahim M. Banat,
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Bajpai A, Agnihotri R, Prakash A, Johri BN. Biosurfactant from Bacillus sp. A5F Reduces Disease Incidence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Soybean Crop. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:206. [PMID: 35622162 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02897-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to assess the biocontrol activity of biosurfactants obtained from Bacillus species A5F. The variables significantly influencing the production of biosurfactants under in vitro conditions were further optimized using response surface methodology. Optimal values of selected culture variables, i.e., glucose, soybean oil, and incubation time were 3.5 g l-1, 3.5 ml l-1, and 78 h, respectively, resulting in 2.14-fold enhancement in biosurfactant levels in 5 l fermentor. Identified biosurfactants had a significant effect on chlorophyll content, shoot biomass, number of pods, and seed weight. Biosurfactants also reduced the disease incidence in S. sclerotiorum infected soybean plants and showed antagonistic action against major phytopathogens by disrupting the hyphal cell wall. 16% reduction in ITS gene copy number was observed as compared to control with less non-target effect upon biosurfactant spray on foliar parts of soybean. Thus, the study confirms that biosurfactants from strain A5F can be used as a potent biocontrol agent to control sclerotium wilt on soybean plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apekcha Bajpai
- Department of Microbiology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, M.P., 462026, India.
| | - Richa Agnihotri
- M S Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF), Pillaiyarkuppam, Thondamanatham Post, Vazhuthavoor Road, Puducherry, 605502, India
| | - Anil Prakash
- Department of Microbiology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, M.P., 462026, India.
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Antimicrobial Bacillus: Metabolites and Their Mode of Action. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11010088. [PMID: 35052965 PMCID: PMC8772736 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The agricultural industry utilizes antibiotic growth promoters to promote livestock growth and health. However, the World Health Organization has raised concerns over the ongoing spread of antibiotic resistance transmission in the populace, leading to its subsequent ban in several countries, especially in the European Union. These restrictions have translated into an increase in pathogenic outbreaks in the agricultural industry, highlighting the need for an economically viable, non-toxic, and renewable alternative to antibiotics in livestock. Probiotics inhibit pathogen growth, promote a beneficial microbiota, regulate the immune response of its host, enhance feed conversion to nutrients, and form biofilms that block further infection. Commonly used lactic acid bacteria probiotics are vulnerable to the harsh conditions of the upper gastrointestinal system, leading to novel research using spore-forming bacteria from the genus Bacillus. However, the exact mechanisms behind Bacillus probiotics remain unexplored. This review tackles this issue, by reporting antimicrobial compounds produced from Bacillus strains, their proposed mechanisms of action, and any gaps in the mechanism studies of these compounds. Lastly, this paper explores omics approaches to clarify the mechanisms behind Bacillus probiotics.
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