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Rizzo M, Varnier L, Pezzicoli G, Pirovano M, Cosmai L, Porta C. IL-8 and its role as a potential biomarker of resistance to anti-angiogenic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:990568. [PMID: 36059687 PMCID: PMC9437355 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.990568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic armamentarium of metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC) has consistently expanded in recent years, with the introduction of VEGF/VEGFR (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor) inhibitors, mTOR (mammalian Target Of Rapamycin) inhibitors and Immune Checkpoint (IC) inhibitors. Currently, for the first-tline treatment of mRCC it is possible to choose between a VEGFR-TKI (VEGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor) monotherapy, an ICI-ICI (Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor) combination and an ICI-VEGFRTKI combination. However, a consistent part of patients does not derive benefit from first-line therapy with ICIs; moreover, the use of combination regimens exposes patients to significant toxicities. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop prognostic and predictive biomarkers of response to VEGFR-TKIs and ICIs, and measurement of serum IL-8 is emerging as a potential candidate in this field. Recent retrospective analyses of large phase II and phase III trials found that elevated baseline serum IL-8 correlated with higher levels of tumor and circulating immunosuppressive myeloid cells, decreased T cell activation and poor response to treatment. These findings must be confirmed in prospective clinical trials; however, they provide evidence for a potential use of serum IL-8 as biomarker of resistance to VEGFR-TKIs and ICIs. Considering the amount of new agents and treatment regimens which are transforming the management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma, serum IL-8 could become a precious resource in tailoring the best therapy for each individual patient with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimma Rizzo
- Division of Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
- *Correspondence: Mimma Rizzo,
| | - Luca Varnier
- Department of Pediatrics, Meyer’ Childrens University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Gaetano Pezzicoli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Marta Pirovano
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Cosmai
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Camillo Porta
- Division of Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
- Chair of Oncology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
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Relationship between Nutritional Status and Clinical Outcome in Patients Treated for Lung Cancer. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103332. [PMID: 34684333 PMCID: PMC8539241 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Between 34.5% and 69% of the patients with lung cancer are at risk of malnutrition. Quality of life (QoL) and physical status assessment provides valuable prognostic data on lung cancer patients. Malnutrition is a prognostic parameter for clinical outcome. Therefore, the identification of significant factors affecting the clinical outcome and QoL is important. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between nutritional status and outcome, i.e., overall survival, time to tumor progression, and QoL, in lung cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a systematic search of the Pubmed/MEDLINE databases per the Cochrane guidelines to conduct a meta-analysis consistent with the PRISMA statement, using the following keywords: "lung cancer," "malnutrition," "nutrition," "quality of life," "well-being," "health-related quality of life," and "outcome." Out of the 96 papers identified, 12 were included in our meta-analysis. RESULTS Our meta-analysis shows that patients with a good nutritional status have a better QoL than malnourished patients in the following functioning domains: physical (g = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.19 to 1.46, p < 0.001), role (g = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.31 to 1.59, p < 0.001), emotional (g = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.97 to 1.24, p < 0.001), cognitive (g = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.76 to 1.06, p < 0.001), and social (g = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.27 to 1.56, p < 0.001). The risk of death was significantly higher in malnourished than in well-nourished patients (HR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.25 to 1.86, p < 0.001). Nutritional status was significantly associated with survival, indicating that patients with a poorer nutritional status are at more risk of relapse. CONCLUSIONS Nutritional status is a significant clinical and prognostic parameter in the assessment of lung cancer treatment. Malnutrition is associated with poorer outcome in terms of overall survival, time to tumor progression, and QoL in patients treated for lung cancer.
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Salidroside Suppresses the Proliferation and Migration of Human Lung Cancer Cells through AMPK-Dependent NLRP3 Inflammasome Regulation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6614574. [PMID: 34457117 PMCID: PMC8390167 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6614574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory reactions mediated by the NACHT, LRR, and PYD domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome contributes to non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression, particularly in patients with bacterial infections. Salidroside (SAL) has recently been shown to suppress lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced NSCLC proliferation and migration, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. It has been shown that SAL improves metabolic inflammation in diabetic rodents through AMP-activated protein kinase- (AMPK-) dependent inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome. However, whether the NLRP3 inflammasome is regulated by SAL in NSCLC cells and how its underlying mechanism(s) can be determined require clarification. In this study, human lung alveolar basal carcinoma epithelial (A549) cells were treated with LPS, and the effects of SAL on cell proliferation, migration, AMPK activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation were investigated. We found that LPS induction increases the proliferation and migration of A549 cells which was suppressed by SAL. Moreover, SAL protected A549 cells against LPS-induced AMPK inhibition, ROS production, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Blocking AMPK using Compound C almost completely suppressed the beneficial effects of SAL. In summary, these results indicate that SAL suppresses the proliferation and migration of human lung cancer cells through AMPK-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome regulation.
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Wu LS, Liu Y, Wang XW, Xu B, Lin YL, Song Y, Dong Y, Liu JL, Wang XJ, Liu S, Kong P, Han M, Li BH. LPS Enhances the Chemosensitivity of Oxaliplatin in HT29 Cells via GSDMD-Mediated Pyroptosis. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:10397-10409. [PMID: 33116894 PMCID: PMC7585788 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s244374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pyroptosis induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a dissolved form of cell death. The molecular marker gasdermin D, specifically GSDMD-N, is critically required for the induction of pyroptosis. Recently, there have been studies showing that LPS is closely related to tumor biology. Methods Specimens from 40 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) were collected. Eight- to twelve-week-old C57BL6 male mice (n=30) were raised. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were performed to test the expression of GSDMD. Moreover, cytotoxicity assay, IL-18 and IL-1β ELISA, Annexin V and PI stain, and wound healing assay were also made. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) was used to verify the expression of GSDMD and overall survival of CRC patients with a high/low expression of GSDMD. Results In the research, we showed that the poor prognosis in CRC patients was significantly related to the GSDMD expression and significantly down-regulated in human colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues. Treatment with LPS, but not TNF-α, induced pyroptosis via promoting the expression of GSDMD and GSDMD-N membrane translocation and enhanced chemosensitivity in response to L-OHP in HT29 cells. Furthermore, the enforced expression of GSDMD in HT29 cells reduced cell survival and induced cell death. Discussion These results of studies suggest that the low expression of GSDMD correlates with a poor CRC prognosis, and that pyroptosis induced by LPS may improve the anti-cancer effect of L-OHP, inhibiting the tumorigenesis of CRC by activating GSDMD. Our findings lay the foundation for further development of GSDMD serving as an important prognostic biomarker and a valid CRC therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Sha Wu
- Department of Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yabin Liu
- Department of Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ling Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Lai Liu
- Department of Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Jie Wang
- Department of Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Hui Li
- Department of Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
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Mele MC, Rinninella E, Cintoni M, Pulcini G, Di Donato A, Grassi F, Trestini I, Pozzo C, Tortora G, Gasbarrini A, Bria E. Nutritional Support in Lung Cancer Patients: The State of the Art. Clin Lung Cancer 2020; 22:e584-e594. [PMID: 33303399 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) represents the most commonly diagnosed neoplasm worldwide for both sexes and is the leading cause of cancer mortality. Malnutrition is a comorbidity frequently found in neoplastic patients, but it remains often underestimated and thus undertreated. In this review, we aimed to investigate the incidence of malnutrition among LC patients according to different screening and assessment tools, to evaluate the impact of weight loss and body composition on survival, and to analyze the efficacy of different nutritional interventions in this setting. Although malnutrition, weight loss, and body composition changes can affect survival and other clinical outcomes in LC patients, the role of nutritional interventions is not yet strongly proven, and further studies are recommended. Nevertheless, screening, assessing, and eventually treating malnutrition in LC patients are strongly recommended, according to the most recent nutritional intervention guidelines for oncology patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Mele
- UOSD di Nutrizione Avanzata in Oncologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Rinninella
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Cintoni
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Scienza dell'Alimentazione, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Pulcini
- UOSD di Nutrizione Avanzata in Oncologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Di Donato
- UOSD di Nutrizione Avanzata in Oncologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Futura Grassi
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Trestini
- Oncologia Medica, Università di Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Carmelo Pozzo
- Oncologia Medica, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Oncologia Medica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Tortora
- Oncologia Medica, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Oncologia Medica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- UOC di Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilio Bria
- Oncologia Medica, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Oncologia Medica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Lin YS, Tsai KL, Chen JN, Wu CS. Mangiferin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and enhances the expression of tumor suppressor gene PER1 in non-small cell lung cancer cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:1070-1081. [PMID: 32420661 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is often complicated by pulmonary infection, which affects treatment and prognosis. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an effective stimulator of inflammatory cytokine production, and previous studies have reported that LPS promotes tumor invasion and metastasis. Mangiferin is a plant-derived C-glucosylxanthone with many biological activities, such as antioxidation and anti-inflammation. This research mainly explored the mechanism of its antitumor activities on LPS-induced A549, NCI-H460, and NCI-H520 NSCLC cells. We determined that mangiferin exhibits growth inhibiting activity against LPS-induced NSCLC cells through the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. In addition, mangiferin reversed the LPS-induced downregulation of E-cadherin (epithelial marker); conversely, it significantly inhibited the expression of raised vimentin (mesenchymal markers). Moreover, the ability of NSCLC cells to migrate, as evidenced by the wound healing and transwell migration assays, and the expression of CXCR4 increased by LPS were significantly repressed by mangiferin. In addition, mangiferin markedly mediated protein levels of PER1 and NLRP3 in LPS-induced NSCLC cells and reduced the secretion of IL-1β. These results indicate that mangiferin is not only a remarkable anti-inflammatory compound but also an antitumor agent; thus, it has the potential for being developed into anti-inflammatory and antitumor drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Sung Lin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ling Tsai
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ni Chen
- Department of Medical Sciences Industry, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Shiou Wu
- Department of Medical Sciences Industry, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Torbahn G, Strauss T, Sieber CC, Kiesswetter E, Volkert D. Nutritional status according to the mini nutritional assessment (MNA)® as potential prognostic factor for health and treatment outcomes in patients with cancer - a systematic review. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:594. [PMID: 32586289 PMCID: PMC7318491 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07052-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with cancer have an increased risk of malnutrition which is associated with poor outcome. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA®) is often used in older patients with cancer but its relation to outcome is not known. Methods Four databases were systematically searched for studies relating MNA-results with any reported outcome. Two reviewers screened titles/abstracts and full-texts, extracted data and rated the risk of bias (RoB) independently. Results We included 56 studies which varied widely in patient and study characteristics. In multivariable analyses, (risk of) malnutrition assessed by MNA significantly predicts a higher chance for mortality/poor overall survival (22/27 studies), shorter progression-free survival/time to progression (3/5 studies), treatment maintenance (5/8 studies) and (health-related) quality of life (2/2 studies), but not treatment toxicity/complications (1/7 studies) or functional status/decline in (1/3 studies). For other outcomes – length of hospital stay (2 studies), falls, fatigue and unplanned (hospital) admissions (1 study each) – no adjusted results were reported. RoB was rated as moderate to high. Conclusions MNA®-result predicts mortality/survival, cancer progression, treatment maintenance and (health-related) quality of life and did not predict adverse treatment outcomes and functional status/ decline in patients with cancer. For other outcomes results are less clear. The moderate to high RoB calls for studies with better control of potential confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Torbahn
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Kobergerstr. 60, 90408, Nuremberg, Germany.
| | - T Strauss
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Kobergerstr. 60, 90408, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - C C Sieber
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Kobergerstr. 60, 90408, Nuremberg, Germany.,Kantonsspital Winterthur, Brauerstrasse 15, 8400, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - E Kiesswetter
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Kobergerstr. 60, 90408, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - D Volkert
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Kobergerstr. 60, 90408, Nuremberg, Germany
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Jiang M, Zhou LY, Xu N, An Q. Hydroxysafflor yellow A inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by suppressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and ERK/MAPK signaling pathways. Thorac Cancer 2019; 10:1319-1333. [PMID: 31055884 PMCID: PMC6558494 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation plays a significant role in the occurrence and development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), a chemical compound of the yellow color pigments extracted from the safflower, has been widely used in clinical treatment with positive antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and antitumor effects. However, the role and underlying mechanisms of HYSA on development and progress in inflammation-mediated NSCLC are unknown. METHODS Cell counting kit-8, colony formation, EdU, cell apoptosis, wound healing, Transwell migration and invasion, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays; flow cytometry; and Western blotting were conducted using human NSCLC cell lines A549 and H1299. RESULTS Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) significantly promoted the proliferation and enhanced colony formation of A549 and H1299 cells, while HYSA notably reversed the effects of LPS. HYSA induced apoptosis of LPS-mediated A549 and H1299 cells in a dose dependent manner; and remarkably suppressed migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), significantly regulated production of LPS-induced inflammation cytokines, and downregulated protein expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and ERK/MAPK signaling pathways in LPS-induced A549 and H1299 cells. Furthermore, PI3K (LY294002) and ERK (SCH772984) inhibitors remarkably inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT, and induced apoptosis in LPS-mediated A549 and H1299 cells. These effects were even more obvious in the presence of HYSA and LY294002 or SCH772984 compared to those of either agent alone. CONCLUSION HYSA suppressed LPS-mediated proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT in A549 and H1299 cells by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and ERK/MAPK signaling pathways, indicating that HYSA may be a potential candidate to treat inflammation-mediated NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jiang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Yang Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huai'an Second People's Hospital of Jiangsu, Huaian, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing An
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Gowing SD, Chow SC, Cools-Lartigue JJ, Chen CB, Najmeh S, Jiang HY, Bourdeau F, Beauchamp A, Mancini U, Angers I, Giannias B, Spicer JD, Rousseau S, Qureshi ST, Ferri LE. Gram-positive pneumonia augments non-small cell lung cancer metastasis via host toll-like receptor 2 activation. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:561-571. [PMID: 28401532 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Surgical resection of early stage nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is necessary for cure. However, rates of postoperative bacterial pneumonias remain high and may confer an increased risk for metastasis. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) mediate the inflammatory cascade by recognizing microbial products at the surface of numerous cell types in the lung; however, little is known about how host TLRs influence NSCLC metastasis. TLR2 recognizes gram-positive bacterial cell wall components activating innate immunity. We demonstrate that lower respiratory tract infection with Streptococcus pneumonia augments the formation of murine H59 NSCLC liver metastases in C57BL/6 mice through host TLR2 activation. Infected mice demonstrate increased H59 and human A549 NSCLC adhesion to hepatic sinusoids in vivo compared with noninfected controls, a response that is significantly diminished in TLR2 knock-out mice. Intra-tracheal injection of purified TLR2 ligand lipoteichoic acid into mice similarly augments in vivo adhesion of H59 cells to hepatic sinusoids. Additionally, H59 and A549 NSCLC cells incubated with bronchoepithelial conditioned media show increased cell adhesion to extracellular matrix components in vitro and hepatic sinusoids in vivo in a manner that is dependent on bronchoepithelial TLR2 activation and interleukin-6 secretion. TLR2 is therefore a potential therapeutic target for gram-positive pneumonia-driven NSCLC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Gowing
- Deparment of Surgery, L.D. MacLean Surgical Research Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Simon C Chow
- Deparment of Surgery, L.D. MacLean Surgical Research Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jonathan J Cools-Lartigue
- Deparment of Surgery, L.D. MacLean Surgical Research Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Crystal B Chen
- Deparment of Surgery, L.D. MacLean Surgical Research Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sara Najmeh
- Deparment of Surgery, L.D. MacLean Surgical Research Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Henry Y Jiang
- Deparment of Surgery, L.D. MacLean Surgical Research Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - France Bourdeau
- Deparment of Surgery, L.D. MacLean Surgical Research Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Annie Beauchamp
- Department of Critical Care and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ugo Mancini
- Deparment of Surgery, L.D. MacLean Surgical Research Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Angers
- Department of Critical Care and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Betty Giannias
- Deparment of Surgery, L.D. MacLean Surgical Research Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jonathan D Spicer
- Deparment of Surgery, L.D. MacLean Surgical Research Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Simon Rousseau
- Department of Medicine, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Salman T Qureshi
- Department of Critical Care and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lorenzo E Ferri
- Deparment of Surgery, L.D. MacLean Surgical Research Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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