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Ramírez Idarraga JA, Restrepo Múnera LM. Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Their Role in the Tumor Microenvironment. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2023; 29:681-691. [PMID: 37276173 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been seen for years as great candidates for treating different diseases and an alternative to embryonic stem cells due to their differentiation capacity in vitro. More recent research has focused on their ability to modulate the immune response and regeneration at sites associated with inflammation, activities attributable to the release of trophic factors into the extracellular medium, a set of components known as the secretome. It has been possible to demonstrate the presence of these cells within the tumor microenvironment, which is associated with their tropism for sites of inflammation; however, their role here needs to be clarified. In different investigations, the feasibility of using MSCs or their secretome to treat cancer has been sought, with these results being ambiguous. It has been described that MSCs can be activated and present various phenotypes, which could explain the divergence in their action; however, these activation mechanisms and the different phenotypes still need to be well known. This review explores MSCs and their use in regenerative medicine with a targeted approach to cancer. Impact Statement This text addresses the diverging findings on the role of mesenchymal stem cells in the tumor microenvironment and discrepancies on the use of these cells as cancer treatment, separating the direct use of the cells from the use of the secretome. Multiple authors refer equally to the cells and their secretome to conclude on the positive or negative outcome, without taking into consideration how the cells are affected by their surroundings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhon Alexander Ramírez Idarraga
- Corporación Académica Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Universidad de Antioquía, Medellín, Colombia
- Grupo Ingeniería de Tejidos y Terapias Celulares, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquía, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Luz Marina Restrepo Múnera
- Grupo Ingeniería de Tejidos y Terapias Celulares, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquía, Medellín, Colombia
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Baranovskii DS, Klabukov ID, Arguchinskaya NV, Yakimova AO, Kisel AA, Yatsenko EM, Ivanov SA, Shegay PV, Kaprin AD. Adverse events, side effects and complications in mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies. Stem Cell Investig 2022; 9:7. [PMID: 36393919 PMCID: PMC9659480 DOI: 10.21037/sci-2022-025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Numerous clinical studies have shown a wide clinical potential of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) application. However, recent experience has accumulated numerous reports of adverse events and side effects associated with MSCs therapy. Furthermore, the strategies and methods of MSCs therapy did not change significantly in recent decades despite the clinical impact and awareness of potential complications. An extended understanding of limitations could lead to a wider clinical implementation of safe cell therapies and avoid harmful approaches. Therefore, our objective was to summarize the possible negative effects observed during MSCs-based therapies. We were also aimed to discuss the risks caused by weaknesses in cell processing, including isolation, culturing, and storage. Cell processing and cell culture could dramatically influence cell population profile, change protein expression and cell differentiation paving the way for future negative effects. Long-term cell culture led to accumulation of chromosomal abnormalities. Overdosed antibiotics in culture media enhanced the risk of mycoplasma contamination. Clinical trials reported thromboembolism and fibrosis as the most common adverse events of MSCs therapy. Their delayed manifestation generally depends on the patient's individual phenotype and requires specific awareness during the clinical trials with obligatory inclusion in the patient' informed consents. Finally we prepared the safety checklist, recommended for clinical specialists before administration or planning of MSCs therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis S. Baranovskii
- National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya D. Klabukov
- National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
- Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering of the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V. Arguchinskaya
- National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Anna O. Yakimova
- National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Anastas A. Kisel
- National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Elena M. Yatsenko
- National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Sergei A. Ivanov
- National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Peter V. Shegay
- National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Andrey D. Kaprin
- National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
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Gibbs DL, Aguilar B, Thorsson V, Ratushny AV, Shmulevich I. Patient-Specific Cell Communication Networks Associate With Disease Progression in Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:667382. [PMID: 34512714 PMCID: PMC8429851 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.667382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The maintenance and function of tissues in health and disease depends on cell-cell communication. This work shows how high-level features, representing cell-cell communication, can be defined and used to associate certain signaling "axes" with clinical outcomes. We generated a scaffold of cell-cell interactions and defined a probabilistic method for creating per-patient weighted graphs based on gene expression and cell deconvolution results. With this method, we generated over 9,000 graphs for The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) patient samples, each representing likely channels of intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment (TME). It was shown that cell-cell edges were strongly associated with disease severity and progression, in terms of survival time and tumor stage. Within individual tumor types, there are predominant cell types, and the collection of associated edges were found to be predictive of clinical phenotypes. Additionally, genes associated with differentially weighted edges were enriched in Gene Ontology terms associated with tissue structure and immune response. Code, data, and notebooks are provided to enable the application of this method to any expression dataset (https://github.com/IlyaLab/Pan-Cancer-Cell-Cell-Comm-Net).
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Affiliation(s)
- David L. Gibbs
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Boris Aguilar
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, United States
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Suo F, Pan M, Li Y, Yan Q, Hu H, Hou L. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured in 3D System Inhibit Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells through p38 MAPK and CXCR4/AKT Pathways by IL-24 Regulating. Mol Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893321030110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Mitigating Radiotherapy Side Effects. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020294. [PMID: 33535574 PMCID: PMC7912747 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy for cancers also damages healthy cells and causes side effects. Depending on the dosage and exposure region, radiotherapy may induce severe and irreversible injuries to various tissues or organs, especially the skin, intestine, brain, lung, liver, and heart. Therefore, promising treatment strategies to mitigate radiation injury is in pressing need. Recently, stem cell-based therapy generates great attention in clinical care. Among these, mesenchymal stem cells are extensively applied because it is easy to access and capable of mesodermal differentiation, immunomodulation, and paracrine secretion. Here, we summarize the current attempts and discuss the future perspectives about mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for mitigating radiotherapy side effects.
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Lopez Perez R, Brauer J, Rühle A, Trinh T, Sisombath S, Wuchter P, Grosu AL, Debus J, Saffrich R, Huber PE, Nicolay NH. Human mesenchymal stem cells are resistant to UV-B irradiation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20000. [PMID: 31882818 PMCID: PMC6934474 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56591-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Albeit being an effective therapy for various cutaneous conditions, UV-B irradiation can cause severe skin damage. While multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may aid the regeneration of UV-B-induced skin injuries, the influence of UV-B irradiation on MSCs remains widely unknown. Here, we show that human MSCs are relatively resistant to UV-B irradiation compared to dermal fibroblasts. MSCs exhibited higher clonogenic survival, proliferative activity and viability than dermal fibroblasts after exposure to UV-B irradiation. Cellular adhesion, morphology and expression of characteristic surface marker patterns remained largely unaffected in UV-irradiated MSCs. The differentiation ability along the adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages was preserved after UV-B treatment. However, UV-B radiation resulted in a reduced ability of MSCs and dermal fibroblasts to migrate. MSCs exhibited low apoptosis rates after UV-B irradiation and repaired UV-B-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers more efficiently than dermal fibroblasts. UV-B irradiation led to prolonged p53 protein stability and increased p21 protein expression resulting in a prolonged G2 arrest and senescence induction in MSCs. The observed resistance may contribute to the ability of these multipotent cells to aid the regeneration of UV-B-induced skin injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Lopez Perez
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jannek Brauer
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Rühle
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Freiburg - Medical Center, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thuy Trinh
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sonevisay Sisombath
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Wuchter
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anca-Ligia Grosu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Freiburg - Medical Center, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Saffrich
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E Huber
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nils H Nicolay
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Freiburg - Medical Center, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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Sun B, Wang X, Pan Y, Jiao Y, Qi Y, Gong H, Jiang D. Antitumor effects of conditioned media of human fetal dermal mesenchymal stem cells on melanoma cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:4033-4046. [PMID: 31239698 PMCID: PMC6554004 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s203910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Malignant melanoma is the most lethal form of cutaneous tumor and has a high metastatic rate and motility capacity. Owing to the poor prognosis, it is urgent to seek an effective therapeutic regimen. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can home to tumor cells and have been shown to play important roles in both promoting and inhibiting tumor development. Fetal dermal MSCs (FDMSCs), derived from fetal skin are a novel source of MSCs. Nevertheless, the antitumor capacity of FDMSCs on malignant melanoma is not clearly understood. Materials and methods: FDMSCs were extracted from the dorsal skin of fetal tissues. A375 melanoma cells lines were obtained from American Type Culture Collection. The effects of conditioned media from FDMSCs (CM-FDMSC) on A375 melanoma cells were tested in vivo using tumor formation assay and in vitro using cell viability, 5-ethynyl-2ʹ-deoxyuridine incorporation, flow cytometry, TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL), wound healing, transwell invasion, and Western blotting. Results: CM-FDMSC inhibited A375 tumor formation in vivo. In vitro, CM-FDMSC inhibited the tumor-related activities of A375 melanoma cells, as evidenced reductions in viability, migration, and invasion. CM-FDMSC-treated A375 cells showed decreased phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, and up-regulation of Bcl-2-Associated X (BAX) and down-regulation of B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) expression. Conclusion: CM-FDMSC can inhibit the tumor-forming behaviors of A375 melanoma cells and inhibit PI3K/AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling to shift their BCL-2/BAX ratio toward a proapoptotic state. Identification of the bioactive components in CM-FDMSC will be important for translating these findings into novel therapies for malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bencheng Sun
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Emergency and Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Emergency and Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Pan
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Emergency and Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Jiao
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Emergency and Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Qi
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Emergency and Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmin Gong
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Emergency and Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Duyin Jiang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Emergency and Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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Pan M, Hou L, Zhang J, Zhao D, Hua J, Wang Z, He J, Jiang H, Hu H, Zhang L. Inhibitory effect and molecular mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells on NSCLC cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 441:63-76. [PMID: 28887716 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3174-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still the main threat of cancer-associated death. Current treatment of NSCLC has limited effectiveness, and unfortunately, the prognosis of NSCLC remains poor. Therefore, a novel strategy for cancer therapy is urgently needed. Stem cell therapy has significant potential for cancer treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with capacity for self-renewal and differentiation into various cells types exhibit the feature of homing to tumor site and immunosuppression, have been explored as a new treatment for various cancers. Studies revealed that the broad repertoire of trophic factors secreted by MSCs extensively involved in the interplay between MSCs and tumor cells. In this study, we confirmed that MSCs do have the paracrine effect on proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells (A549, NCI-H460, and SK-MES-1). Co-culture system and conditioned medium experiments results showed that soluble factors secreted by MSCs inhibited the proliferation of NSCLC cells in vitro. The scratch assay showed that conditioned medium of MSCs could suppress the migration of NSCLC cells in vitro. Western blot results showed that the expression of proteins relevant to cell proliferation, anti-apoptosis, and migration was remarkably decreased via MAPK/eIF4E signaling pathway. We speculated that soluble factors secreted by MSCs might be responsible for inhibitory mechanism of NSCLC cells. By Human Gene Expression Microarray Assay and recombinant Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor 165 (VEGF165) neutralizing experiment, we verified that VEGF might be responsible for the down-regulation of proteins related to cell proliferation, anti-apoptosis, and migration by suppressing translation initiation factor eIF4E via MAPK signaling pathway. Taken together, our study demonstrated that a possible trophic factor secreted by MSCs could manipulate translation initiation of NSCLC cells via MAPK signaling pathway, and significantly affect the fate of tumor cells, which will be a new strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengwu Pan
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Hou
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingsi Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Diandian Zhao
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jilei Hua
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziling Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsheng He
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Jiang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Honggang Hu
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Lishu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
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