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Alfred Witjes J, Max Bruins H, Carrión A, Cathomas R, Compérat E, Efstathiou JA, Fietkau R, Gakis G, Lorch A, Martini A, Mertens LS, Meijer RP, Milowsky MI, Neuzillet Y, Panebianco V, Redlef J, Rink M, Rouanne M, Thalmann GN, Sæbjørnsen S, Veskimäe E, van der Heijden AG. European Association of Urology Guidelines on Muscle-invasive and Metastatic Bladder Cancer: Summary of the 2023 Guidelines. Eur Urol 2024; 85:17-31. [PMID: 37858453 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2023.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT We present an overview of the updated 2023 European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines for muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer (MMIBC). OBJECTIVE To provide practical evidence-based recommendations and consensus statements on the clinical management of MMIBC with a focus on diagnosis and treatment. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A broad and comprehensive scoping exercise covering all areas of the MMIBC guidelines has been performed annually since 2017. Searches cover the Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Libraries databases for yearly guideline updates. A level of evidence and strength of recommendation are assigned. The evidence cutoff date for the 2023 MIBC guidelines was May 4, 2022. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Patients should be counselled regarding risk factors for bladder cancer. Pathologists should describe tumour and lymph nodes in detail, including the presence of histological subtypes. The importance of the presence or absence of urothelial carcinoma (UC) in the prostatic urethra is emphasised. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the bladder is superior to computed tomography (CT) for disease staging, specifically in differentiating T1 from T2 disease, and may lead to a change in treatment approach in patients at high risk of an invasive tumour. Imaging of the upper urinary tract, lymph nodes, and distant metastasis is performed with CT or MRI; the additional value of flurodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT still needs to be determined. Frail and comorbid patients should be evaluated by a multidisciplinary team. Postoperative histology remains the most important prognostic variable, while circulating tumour DNA appears to be an interesting predictive marker. Neoadjuvant systemic therapy remains cisplatin-based. In motivated and selected women and men, sexual organ-preserving cystectomy results in better functional outcomes without compromising oncological outcomes. Robotic and open cystectomy have comparable outcomes and should be combined with (extended) lymph node dissection. The diversion type is an individual choice after taking patient and tumour characteristics into account. Radical cystectomy remains a highly complex procedure with considerable morbidity and risk of mortality, although lower rates are observed for higher hospital volumes (>20 cases/yr). With proper patient selection, trimodal therapy (chemoradiation) has comparable outcomes to radical cystectomy. Adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery improves disease-specific survival and overall survival (OS) in patients with high-risk disease who did not receive neoadjuvant treatment, and is strongly recommended. There is a weak recommendation for adjuvant nivolumab, as OS data are not yet available. Health-related quality of life should be assessed using validated questionnaires at baseline and after treatment. Surveillance is needed to monitor for recurrent cancer and functional outcomes. Recurrences detected on follow-up seem to have better prognosis than symptomatic recurrences. CONCLUSIONS This summary of the 2023 EAU guidelines provides updated information on the diagnosis and treatment of MMIBC for incorporation into clinical practice. PATIENT SUMMARY The European Association of Urology guidelines panel on muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer has released an updated version of the guideline containing information on diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Recommendations are based on studies published up to May 4, 2022. Surgical removal of the bladder and bladder preservation are discussed, as well as updates on the use of chemotherapy and immunotherapy in localised and metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alfred Witjes
- Department of Urology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Harman Max Bruins
- Department of Urology, Zuyderland Medisch Centrum, Sittard/Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Carrión
- Department of Urology, Vall Hebron Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Richard Cathomas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kantonsspital Graubünden, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Eva Compérat
- Department of Pathology, Medical University Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jason A Efstathiou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rainer Fietkau
- Department of Radiation Therapy, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georgios Gakis
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anja Lorch
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alberto Martini
- Department of Urology, Institut Universitaire du Cancer-Toulouse-Oncopole, Toulouse, France; Department of Urology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Laura S Mertens
- Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard P Meijer
- Department of Oncological Urology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew I Milowsky
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yann Neuzillet
- Department of Urology, Foch Hospital, University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Suresnes, France
| | - Valeria Panebianco
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - John Redlef
- Patient Representative, European Association of Urology Guidelines Office, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Rink
- Department of Urology, Marienkrankenhaus Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mathieu Rouanne
- Department of Urology, Foch Hospital, University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Suresnes, France
| | - George N Thalmann
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sæbjørn Sæbjørnsen
- Patient Representative, European Association of Urology Guidelines Office, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Veskimäe
- Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Hottat NA, Badr DA, Ben Ghanem M, Besse-Hammer T, Lecomte SM, Vansteelandt C, Lecomte SL, Khaled C, De Grove V, Salem Wehbe G, Cannie MM, Jani JC. Assessment of whole-body MRI including diffusion-weighted sequences in the initial staging of breast cancer patients at high risk of metastases in comparison with PET-CT: a prospective cohort study. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:165-178. [PMID: 37555959 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10060-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the diffusion-weighted whole-body-MRI (WBMRI) in the initial staging of breast cancer at high risk of metastases in comparison with positron emission tomography (PET)-CT. METHODS Forty-five women were prospectively enrolled. The inclusion criteria were female gender, age >18, invasive breast cancer, an initial PET-CT, and a performance status of 0-2. The exclusion criteria were contraindication to WB-MRI and breast cancer recurrence. The primary outcome was the concordance of WB-MRI and PET-CT in the diagnosis of distant metastases, whereas secondary outcomes included their concordance for the primary tumor and regional lymph nodes (LN), as well as the agreement of WB-MRI interpretation between two radiologists. RESULTS The mean age was 51.2 years with a median size of the primary tumor of 30 mm. Concordance between the two modalities was almost perfect for metastases staging, all sites included (k = 0.862), with excellent interobserver agreement. The accuracy of WB-MRI for detecting regional LN, distant LN, lung, liver, or bone metastases ranged from 91 to 96%. In 2 patients, WB-MRI detected bone metastases that were overlooked by PET-CT. WB-MRI showed a substantial agreement with PET-CT for staging the primary tumor, regional LN status, and stage (k = 0.766, k = 0.756, and k = 0.785, respectively) with a high interobserver agreement. CONCLUSION WB-MRI including DWI could be a reliable and reproducible examination in the initial staging of breast cancer patients at high risk of metastases, especially for bone metastases and therefore could be used as a surrogate to PET-CT. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Whole-body-MRI including DWI is a promising technique for detecting metastases in the initial staging of breast cancer at high risk of metastases. KEY POINTS Whole-body-MRI (WB-MRI) was effective for detecting metastases in the initial staging of 45 breast cancer patients at high risk of metastases in comparison with PET-CT. Concordance between WB-MRI and PET-CT was almost perfect for metastases staging, all sites included, with excellent interobserver agreement. The accuracy of WB-MRI for detecting bone metastases was 92%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie A Hottat
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place A. Van Gehuchten 4, 1020, Brussels, Belgium.
- Department of Radiology, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium.
| | - Dominique A Badr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Meriem Ben Ghanem
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place A. Van Gehuchten 4, 1020, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tatiana Besse-Hammer
- Clinical Research Unit, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sylvie M Lecomte
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catherine Vansteelandt
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie L Lecomte
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chirine Khaled
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Veerle De Grove
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place A. Van Gehuchten 4, 1020, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Georges Salem Wehbe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mieke M Cannie
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place A. Van Gehuchten 4, 1020, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Radiology, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Jacques C Jani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Pasquier D, Bidaut L, Oprea-Lager DE, deSouza NM, Krug D, Collette L, Kunz W, Belkacemi Y, Bau MG, Caramella C, De Geus-Oei LF, De Caluwé A, Deroose C, Gheysens O, Herrmann K, Kindts I, Kontos M, Kümmel S, Linderholm B, Lopci E, Meattini I, Smeets A, Kaidar-Person O, Poortmans P, Tsoutsou P, Hajjaji N, Russell N, Senkus E, Talbot JN, Umutlu L, Vandecaveye V, Verhoeff JJC, van Oordt WMVDH, Zacho HD, Cardoso F, Fournier L, Van Duijnhoven F, Lecouvet FE. Designing clinical trials based on modern imaging and metastasis-directed treatments in patients with oligometastatic breast cancer: a consensus recommendation from the EORTC Imaging and Breast Cancer Groups. Lancet Oncol 2023; 24:e331-e343. [PMID: 37541279 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(23)00286-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains the most common cause of cancer death among women. Despite its considerable histological and molecular heterogeneity, those characteristics are not distinguished in most definitions of oligometastatic disease and clinical trials of oligometastatic breast cancer. After an exhaustive review of the literature covering all aspects of oligometastatic breast cancer, 35 experts from the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Imaging and Breast Cancer Groups elaborated a Delphi questionnaire aimed at offering consensus recommendations, including oligometastatic breast cancer definition, optimal diagnostic pathways, and clinical trials required to evaluate the effect of diagnostic imaging strategies and metastasis-directed therapies. The main recommendations are the introduction of modern imaging methods in metastatic screening for an earlier diagnosis of oligometastatic breast cancer and the development of prospective trials also considering the histological and molecular complexity of breast cancer. Strategies for the randomisation of imaging methods and therapeutic approaches in different subsets of patients are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pasquier
- Academic Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France; University of Lille and CNRS, Centrale Lille, UMR 9189-CRIStAL, Lille, France.
| | - Luc Bidaut
- College of Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
| | - Daniela Elena Oprea-Lager
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nandita M deSouza
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK
| | - David Krug
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitaetsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Laurence Collette
- Former European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wolfgang Kunz
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yazid Belkacemi
- AP-HP, Radiation Oncology Department, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Créteil, France; INSERM Unit 955 (-Bio), IMRB, University of Paris-Est (UPEC), Créteil, France
| | - Maria Grazia Bau
- Azienda Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Ospedale Sant'Anna, Turin, Italy
| | - Caroline Caramella
- Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France
| | - Lioe-Fee De Geus-Oei
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands; Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands; Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Alex De Caluwé
- Radiotherapy Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Olivier Gheysens
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut du Cancer Roi Albert II, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ken Herrmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Isabelle Kindts
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Centre, General Hospital Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Michalis Kontos
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sherko Kümmel
- Breast Unit, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Gynecology with Breast Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Barbro Linderholm
- Department of Oncolgy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Institution of Clinical Sciences, Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg , Sweden
| | | | - Icro Meattini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Radiation Oncology Unit, Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Ann Smeets
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Orit Kaidar-Person
- Oncology Institute, Sheba Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Philip Poortmans
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Iridium Netwerk, Antwerp, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pelagia Tsoutsou
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Site de Cluse-Roseraie, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nawale Hajjaji
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France; Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, et Spectrométrie De Masse (PRISM), Inserm U1192, Lille, France
| | - Nicola Russell
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni Van Leeuwenhoekziekenhuis, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Jean-Noël Talbot
- Institut National des Sciences et Techniques Nucléaires, CEA-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Lale Umutlu
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Joost J C Verhoeff
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Helle D Zacho
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Fatima Cardoso
- Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Centre, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Laure Fournier
- Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Frederieke Van Duijnhoven
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni Van Leeuwenhoekziekenhuis, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frédéric E Lecouvet
- Department of Radiology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut du Cancer Roi Albert II, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Abd elsalam SM, ELbadawi MA, Diab WA, Said AHM, Gomaa MI. Diagnostic value of whole -body diffusion weighted imaging added to bone scan in early diagnosis of bone metastases in breast cancer patients. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2023; 54:102. [DOI: 10.1186/s43055-023-01050-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Metastases to the bones are a frequent location of metastasis in advanced breast cancer and are responsible for substantial morbidity and healthcare expenses. Imaging has been crucial in directing patient therapy for decades, contributing to the staging and response evaluation of the skeleton. This research aimed to assess the diagnostic value of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging with diffusion-weighted imaging added to radionuclide bone scans for early diagnosis of bone metastases in breast cancer patients.
Results
The study was a prospective observational cohort study performed on 20 patients with breast cancer and suspected bone metastases. The patients were evaluated first by obtaining a detailed personal history. Laboratory tests, including CBC, liver, and kidney function tests were assessed. All patients were examined by diffusion-weighted whole-body MRI (DWIBS; diffusion-weighted imaging with background body signal suppression) images and bone scintigraphy after intravenous injection of 20 mci of technetium-99m (99mTc) methylene diphosphonate using a dual head gamma camera. The total number of lesions detected by bone scan was 74, and 75 lesions were seen by DWIBS. Twenty-four lesions were missed by bone scan and detected by DWIBS. Fourteen lesions were detected by bone scan and found free by DWIBS examination in the spine and pelvic bones.
Conclusions
Whole body DWIBS seems to be a promising method of imaging in detecting bone metastases from breast cancer that could be used complementary to the traditional bone scan for more accurate diagnosis and staging of the tumor, helping to determine the most appropriate protocol of management.
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Evaluating prostate cancer bone metastasis using accelerated whole-body isotropic 3D T1-weighted Dixon MRI with compressed SENSE: a feasibility study. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:1719-1728. [PMID: 36269371 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-09181-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to assess the efficiency of whole-body high-resolution compressed sensing-sensitivity encoding isotropic T1-Weighted Dixon (CSI-T1W-Dixon) scans in evaluating bone metastasis. METHODS Forty-five high-risk prostate cancer patients with bone metastases were enrolled prospectively and underwent whole-body MRI sequences, which included the following: pre- and post-contrast CSI-T1W-Dixon and conventional multi-planar T1-Weighted Dixon (CMP-T1W-Dixon) (coronal, sagittal, and axial scans), short tau inversion recovery (STIR), and DWI. Comparison between the CMP-T1W-Dixon and CSI-T1W-Dixon images was done for the subjective image quality, the quantitative contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Furthermore, the diagnostic performance based on per-lesion and per-patient basis utilizing non-contrast T1-weighted (T1)/T1+ contrasted T1-weighted (T1C)/T1 + T1C + STIR + DWI sequences was compared between the CSI-T1W-Dixon and CMP-T1W-Dixon methods using reference standards (combining biopsy data and 6-month imaging follow-up). RESULT The CSI-T1W-Dixon images produced fewer image artifacts in the axial and coronal planes compared to the CMP-T1W-Dixon images. Also, the CSI-T1W-Dixon images provided better a CNR in fat-only images of all three planes and water-only images of the axial plane (p < 0.05). The CSI-T1W-Dixon showed a higher sensitivity than the CMP-T1W-Dixon techniques in analyzing T1-only images on a per-lesion basis (82.7% vs. 53.8% for sensitivity, p = 0.03). On a per-patient basis, no difference was found in the diagnostic capacity between the CSI-T1W-Dixon and CMP-T1W-Dixon sequences either alone or in combinations (p = 0.57-1). CONCLUSION High-resolution CSI-T1W-Dixon with higher image quality and diagnostic capacity can replace the CMP-T1W-Dixon method in evaluating bone metastasis in clinical practice. KEY POINTS • Compressed sensing isotropic acquisition for 3D T1-weighted Dixon images can improve the image quality with fewer artifacts compared to the anisotropic multiplanar acquisition. • Compressed sensing isotropic acquisition can save 67% of scanning time compared to anisotropic multiplanar acquisition. • Compressed sensing isotropic 3D T1-weighted Dixon images can offer better diagnostic performance with higher sensitivity compared to anisotropic multiplanar images.
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Vicentini JRT, Bredella MA. Whole body imaging in musculoskeletal oncology: when, why, and how. Skeletal Radiol 2023; 52:281-295. [PMID: 35809098 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-022-04112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The use of whole-body imaging has become increasingly popular in oncology due to the possibility of evaluating total tumor burden with a single imaging study. This is particularly helpful in cases of widespread disease where dedicated regional imaging would make the evaluation more expensive, time consuming, and prone to more risks. Different techniques can be used, including whole-body MRI, whole-body CT, and PET-CT. Common indications include surveillance of cancer predisposing syndromes, evaluation of osseous metastases and clonal plasma cell disorders such as multiple myeloma, and evaluation of soft tissue lesions, including peripheral nerve sheath tumors. This review focuses on advanced whole-body imaging techniques and their main uses in musculoskeletal oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao R T Vicentini
- Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, YAW 6, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Miriam A Bredella
- Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, YAW 6, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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Natarajan D, Ye Z, Wang L, Ge L, Pathak JL. Rare earth smart nanomaterials for bone tissue engineering and implantology: Advances, challenges, and prospects. Bioeng Transl Med 2022; 7:e10262. [PMID: 35111954 PMCID: PMC8780931 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone grafts or prosthetic implant designing for clinical application is challenging due to the complexity of integrated physiological processes. The revolutionary advances of nanotechnology in the biomaterial field expedite and endorse the current unresolved complexity in functional bone graft and implant design. Rare earth (RE) materials are emerging biomaterials in tissue engineering due to their unique biocompatibility, fluorescence upconversion, antimicrobial, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory properties. Researchers have developed various RE smart nano-biomaterials for bone tissue engineering and implantology applications in the past two decades. Furthermore, researchers have explored the molecular mechanisms of RE material-mediated tissue regeneration. Recent advances in biomedical applications of micro or nano-scale RE materials have provided a foundation for developing novel, cost-effective bone tissue engineering strategies. This review attempted to provide an overview of RE nanomaterials' technological innovations in bone tissue engineering and implantology and summarized the osteogenic, angiogenic, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, in vivo bone tissue imaging, and antimicrobial properties of various RE nanomaterials, as well as the molecular mechanisms involved in these biological events. Further, we extend to discuss the challenges and prospects of RE smart nano-biomaterials in the field of bone tissue engineering and implantology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duraipandy Natarajan
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhitong Ye
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Liping Wang
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Linhu Ge
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Janak Lal Pathak
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
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Visgauss JD, Wilson DA, Perrin DL, Colglazier R, French R, Mattei JC, Griffin AM, Wunder JS, Ferguson PC. Staging and Surveillance of Myxoid Liposarcoma: Follow-up Assessment and the Metastatic Pattern of 169 Patients Suggests Inadequacy of Current Practice Standards. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:7903-7911. [PMID: 33961173 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-10091-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unlike other sarcoma subtypes, myxoid liposarcoma (MLS) has a propensity for extra-pulmonary metastases. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis has become an accepted practice for surveillance. However, recent literature suggests that this may be inadequate. This study aimed to assess the ability of current imaging methods to detect metastases adequately in this population. METHODS The study identified 169 patients with MLS diagnosed between 2000 and 2016. The timing and location of metastases, the reasons leading to the MLS diagnosis, and the imaging methods were recorded. The locations of metastases were classified into the following categories: pulmonary, soft tissue, bone, retroperitoneal, intraperitoneal, solid organ, and lymph node. RESULTS An initial diagnosis of metastasis was made at presentation with staging CT scan for 3 (10 %) of 31 patients, with a follow-up surveillance CT scan for 15 (48 %) of the patients or with subsequent imaging obtained in response to patient-reported symptoms for 13 (42 %) of the patients. The proportions of patients who had metastases in each location were as follows: soft tissue (84 %), pulmonary (68 %), intraabdominal (48 %), solid organ (48 %), bone (45 %), lymph node (32 %), and retroperitoneal (29 %). Although 14 patients had bone metastases, only 1 patient had a sclerotic/blastic presentation visualized on CT scan, and the diagnosis for the remaining 13 patients was determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CONCLUSION Due to metastatic disease identified outside surveillance imaging for 58 % of the patients, the diversity of locations, and the significant failure of CT and bone scan to identify bone metastases, this study questioned the adequacy of CT scan for surveillance of MLS. Consideration should be given to the use of whole-body MRI for detection of metastasis in MLS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David A Wilson
- McMaster University Medical Center, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Roy Colglazier
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert French
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Jay S Wunder
- Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter C Ferguson
- Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Whole-body MRI-based multivariate prediction model in the assessment of bone metastasis in prostate cancer. World J Urol 2021; 39:2937-2943. [PMID: 33521882 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-020-03571-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) including T1, short time inversion recovery (STIR), diffusion-weighted imaging (high b value) was applied in our center for the detection of bone metastasis in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. We intended to assess the diagnostic performance of this examination. METHODS 547 cases of PCa patients with higher risk of metastasis were referred to bone scintigraphy with SPECT/CT (BS + SPECT/CT) and whole-body MRI in Shanghai Changhai Hospital. Best valuable comparator (BVC) was applied for the final diagnosis of metastasis. A panel of radiologists interpreted the results. Decision curve analysis (DCA) and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis were applied. RESULTS Bone metastasis was diagnosed in 110 cases, and others were non-metastatic by BVC. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was higher in WB-MRI (0.778) than BS + SPECT/CT (0.634, p < 0.001). A WB-MRI-based prediction model was established with AUC of 0.877. Internal validation showed that the predictive model was well-calibrated. The DCA demonstrated that the model had higher net benefit than the BS + SPECT/CT-based model. CONCLUSION WB-MRI is more effective in identifying metastasis in PCa patients than BS + SPECT/CT. The prediction model combined WB-MRI with clinical parameters may be a promising approach to the assessment of metastasis.
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